CN115708580A - Freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a freeze-dried instant wood frog oil and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the steps of soaking wood frog oil in 0-95% alcohol solution and then rinsing; removing impurities attached to the wood frog oil, putting the wood frog oil into a mould, freezing, molding and freeze-drying. The invention removes fishy smell and bright color by an alcohol rinsing process, and adopts sterilization and freeze drying technologies, thereby ensuring that the nutritional ingredients of the rana japonica oil are not damaged and improving the phenomenon of poor product sense; the rana japonica oil product obtained by the method has good product sensory property, rehydration property, water retention property and aesthetic property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of food, and particularly relates to freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The wood frog oil contains various bioactive substances beneficial to human body. Wherein, the content of estradiol is 25.03 mu g/g, the content of chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) is 107.5 mu g/g, the content of vitamin E is 100.5mg/g, and the content of crude protein is more than 50 percent.
The oviduct of female wood frog in mature period contains large amount of protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins, natural hormone estradiol, etc. The theory of traditional Chinese medicine considers that the rana japonica oil has the special effects of tonifying kidney, replenishing vital essence, moistening lung and nourishing yin, has certain effects on helping weakness and weak qi and low immunity, and is a nourishing product with extremely high nutritional value.
The wood frog oil is mainly processed into dry products in daily production and processing modes of direct airing and drying of whole frogs and hot air drying, and then tempering and manual oil extraction are mainly carried out, the production process is complex, manual operation is mostly adopted, the product sanitation is difficult to guarantee, and the original bacteria carrying amount is high.
The prior art has more limitations on the processing method of the rana japonica oil, and mainly comprises the steps that fat is oxidized after the product is aired, the surface of the product is browned, and the product is dark in color and is not attractive; no fishy removal process exists, fishy smell exists, and the general acceptance of the product is low; the drying leads to smaller direct pore of protein molecules of the product and slower rehydration of the product; the existing wood frog slaughtering method mainly comprises the steps of puncturing the trunk of a wood frog by an iron pick, airing and drying the wood frog in sunlight or drying the wood frog by hot air, causing great pain when the wood frog is slaughtered, causing the discomfort of partial consumers and losing a large number of target consumer groups, and the wood frog is not in line with humanistic spirit.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems and/or problems occurring in the prior art.
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a preparation method of freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil, which ensures that the nutritional ingredients of the rana japonica oil are not damaged and improves the phenomenon of poor product sense by the technologies of fishy smell removal, lightening, sterilization and freeze drying through an alcohol rinsing process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for preparing lyophilized instant oviductus Ranae comprises,
soaking the wood frog oil in 0-95% alcohol solution and rinsing;
removing impurities attached to the wood frog oil, putting the wood frog oil into a mould, freezing, molding and freeze-drying.
As a preferable embodiment of the preparation method of the freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil of the present invention, wherein: soaking in an alcohol solution, wherein the mass ratio of the wood frog oil to the alcohol solution is 1:0.1 to 200 and the soaking time is 0 to 24 hours.
As a preferable embodiment of the method for preparing the freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil of the present invention, wherein: the concentration of the alcohol solution is 70%, and the mass ratio of the wood frog oil to the alcohol solution is 1:200 and the soaking time is 1 hour.
As a preferable embodiment of the preparation method of the freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil of the present invention, wherein: the freeze forming is to freeze the wood frog oil in the mold for 1-80 hours at the freezing temperature of-8 to-80 ℃.
As a preferable embodiment of the preparation method of the freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil of the present invention, wherein: and freeze-drying, namely feeding the frozen rana japonica oil into a vacuum freeze-drying machine at the temperature of between 3 ℃ below zero and 40 ℃ below zero, at the vacuum degree of between 500 and 2pa, and for 2 to 60 hours.
As a preferable embodiment of the preparation method of the freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil of the present invention, wherein: the wood frog oil is put into a mould, the wood frog oil after impurities are removed is put according to the original shape, and is fixed into the mould, and the quantity is 1-300 g.
As a preferable embodiment of the preparation method of the freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil of the present invention, wherein: the wood frog oil is obtained by slaughtering and peeling living wood frogs.
As a preferable embodiment of the preparation method of the freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil of the present invention, wherein: and slaughtering by directly destroying the spine of the wood frog.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a lyophilized instant rana japonica oil obtained by the preparation method according to any one of the above.
As a preferable embodiment of the lyophilized instant rana japonica oil of the present invention, wherein: the wood frog oil has the following characteristics:
(i) The mass after foaming is 72 to 100 times of the mass before foaming;
(ii) The time for sufficient foaming is 0.5 to 3 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a preparation method of freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil, which adopts the technologies of fishy smell removal, bright color removal, sterilization and freeze drying by an alcohol rinsing process, ensures that the nutritional ingredients of the rana japonica oil are not damaged, and improves the phenomenon of poor product sense; the rana japonica oil product obtained by the method has good product sensory characteristic, rehydration characteristic, water retention characteristic and aesthetic property.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a SEM image comparing the surface appearance of wood frog oil products prepared in example 3 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 and 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
This example provides three different methods for slaughtering living bodies and based thereon, the preparation of freeze-dried oviductus Ranae products, comprising the following steps:
(1) Cleaning wood frogs: washing the impurities on the surfaces of the wood frogs such as dust, weeds and the like on the surfaces of the wood frogs with clear water;
(2) Slaughtering: the wood frog cleaned in the step (1) is respectively slaughtered by three slaughtering methods of puncturing the trunk of the wood frog with an iron stick, shearing the head of the wood frog and shearing the spine of the wood frog.
The lethal time of three different live slaughtering methods is counted, the lactic acid content of the obtained slaughtered wood frog carcasses is measured, the test method is a thiobarbituric acid (TBA) colorimetric method, the test method in a reference document (Qiu Hongjiang. The colorimetric method is used for researching the lactic acid content change of pork), 20 groups of parallel experiments are respectively carried out on the three different live slaughtering methods, and the average value of the test results is recorded in a table 1.
TABLE 1
| Slaughtering method | Time to death | Lactic acid content |
| Wood frog trunk puncture with iron stick | 15.8min | 89mmol/kg |
| Cutting head | 5.1min | 65mmol/kg |
| Cutting off the spinal column | 5.2min | 53mmol/kg |
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the traditional wood frog oil slaughtering method of 'puncturing the wood frog trunk with an iron tip' has the disadvantages of long death time, great pain of the wood frog, and 89mmol/kg of lactic acid content of the wood frog trunk.
The slaughtering method of 'cutting off the head' and 'cutting off the spine' can greatly shorten the death time, wherein the lactic acid content of the wood frog carcasses obtained by the slaughtering method of 'cutting off the spine' is the lowest and is only 53mmol/kg, so that the wood frog oil is taken from living bodies in the slaughtering method of 'cutting off the spine' in the follow-up experiment.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Cleaning wood frogs: washing the impurities on the surfaces of the wood frogs such as dust, weeds and the like on the surfaces of the wood frogs with clear water;
(2) Slaughtering: adopting a 'spine cutting' slaughtering method for the wood frogs cleaned in the step (1);
(3) Taking oil and removing impurities: stripping the wood frog oil from the slaughtered wood frogs in the step (2), and removing the incidental tissue fragments, blood and other impurities;
(4) Rinsing: and (3) respectively using the rana japonica oil taken down in the step (3) at the temperature of 20 ℃ by using 0-90% of alcohol solution according to the mass volume ratio of the rana japonica oil to the alcohol solution of 1: putting the mixture into a container according to the proportion of 200, soaking for 1 hour, and then rinsing cleanly;
(5) Impurity removal: removing impurities such as fascia, black lines and the like attached to the wood frog oil from the wood frog rinsed in the step (4);
(6) Shaping: putting the wood frog oil subjected to impurity removal in the step (5) according to the original shape of the wood frog, and fixing the wood frog oil into a mold;
(7) Molding in a mold: uniformly filling the oviductus ranae shaped in the step (6) into a mould;
(8) Freezing and forming: and (4) sending the wood frog oil filled in the step (7) into a freezing chamber, wherein the freezing temperature is as follows: freezing at-10 deg.C for 40 hr;
(9) And (3) freeze drying: and (4) feeding the frozen wood frog oil blocks obtained in the step (8) into a vacuum freeze dryer, adjusting the temperature to be-25 ℃, and adjusting the vacuum degree to be 300pa for 30 hours.
The freeze-dried oviductus ranae obtained under different alcohol concentrations is subjected to colony count, fishy smell degree evaluation and rehydration times test, 20 groups of parallel experiments are carried out under each alcohol concentration, and the average value of the test results is recorded in table 2.
The total number of the bacterial colonies is tested by referring to GB 4789.2-2022.
The evaluation criteria of the fishy smell degree are as follows: selecting 20 sensory evaluators which are 20-30 years old and engaged in food flavor research work, and training the sensory evaluators according to ISO 8586-1; placing a proper amount of sample in a clean white porcelain dish, observing color and state under natural light, smelling smell, soaking in warm water at 60 ℃, and grading the fishy smell of the wood frog oil within the range of 1-10 (0-2 indicates whether the wood frog oil is similar to the fishy smell, 3-4 indicates weak, 5-6 indicates medium, 7-8 indicates strong, and 9-10 indicates strong).
The rehydration multiple test method comprises the following steps: timing after putting the freeze-dried oviductus ranae into water, taking out the oviductus ranae when no obvious core exists after the oviductus ranae is soaked and foamed (the soaking and the foaming are full), recording the time, and measuring the quality of the oviductus ranae before and after the oviductus ranae is soaked and foamed.
TABLE 2
| Alcohol concentration | Total number of colonies (cfu/g) | Degree of fishy smell (1-10) | Multiple of rehydration |
| 0％ | 6.3*10 4 | 10 | 100 |
| 30％ | 6.1*10 4 | 7 | 100 |
| 50％ | 2.4*10 4 | 5 | 93 |
| 70％ | 8.3*10 3 | 3 | 85 |
| 90％ | 3.6*10 4 | 3 | 72 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the fishy smell of the wood frog oil is gradually reduced along with the increase of the alcohol concentration, the total number of bacterial colonies does not influence the quality of the freeze-dried wood frog oil after rehydration within 10-30%, but the quality of the freeze-dried wood frog oil after rehydration along with the increase of the alcohol concentration is gradually reduced after the concentration exceeds 30%. Combining the above factors, the alcohol concentration of 50% is selected as the best.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Cleaning wood frogs: washing the impurities on the surfaces of the wood frogs such as dust, weeds and the like on the surfaces of the wood frogs with clear water;
(2) Slaughtering: slaughtering the wood frogs cleaned in the step (1) by adopting a 'spine cutting' mode;
(3) Taking oil and removing impurities: stripping the wood frog oil from the slaughtered wood frogs in the step (2), and removing the incidental tissue fragments, blood and other impurities;
(4) Rinsing: and (3) using a 70% alcohol solution to remove the rana japonica oil taken down in the step (3) at the temperature of 20 ℃ according to the mass-volume ratio of the rana japonica oil to the alcohol solution of 1: putting the materials into a container according to the proportion of 200, soaking for 1 hour, and then rinsing;
(5) Impurity removal: removing impurities such as fascia, black lines and the like attached to the wood frog oil from the wood frog rinsed in the step (4);
(6) Shaping: putting the rana japonica oil without impurities in the step (5) according to the original form of rana japonica, and fixing the rana japonica oil into a mold;
(7) Molding in a mold: uniformly filling the oviductus ranae shaped in the step (6) into a mould;
(8) Freezing and forming: and (4) sending the wood frog oil filled in the step (7) into a freezing chamber, wherein the freezing temperature is as follows: freezing at-10 deg.C for 40 hr;
(9) And (3) freeze drying: and (4) feeding the frozen wood frog oil blocks obtained in the step (8) into a vacuum freeze dryer, adjusting the temperature to be-25 ℃, and adjusting the vacuum degree to be 300pa for 30 hours.
The product obtained in example 3 is pale yellow in color.
Comparative example 1
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the slaughtering method of cutting off the spine is adopted in the step (2), the alcohol concentration in the step (4) is adjusted to be 70%, the drying mode of the rana japonica oil is changed, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) Cleaning wood frogs: washing the impurities on the surfaces of the wood frogs such as dust, weeds and the like on the surfaces of the wood frogs with clear water;
(2) Slaughtering: slaughtering the wood frogs cleaned in the step (1) by adopting a 'spine cutting' mode;
(3) Taking oil and removing impurities: stripping the wood frog oil from the slaughtered wood frogs in the step (2), and removing the incidental tissue fragments, blood and other impurities;
(4) Rinsing: and (3) using a 70% alcohol solution to remove the rana japonica oil taken down in the step (3) at the temperature of 20 ℃ according to the mass-volume ratio of the rana japonica oil to the alcohol solution of 1: putting the materials into a container according to the proportion of 200, soaking for 1 hour, and then rinsing;
(5) Impurity removal: removing impurities such as fascia, black lines and the like attached to the wood frog oil from the wood frog rinsed in the step (4);
(6) Shaping: putting the wood frog oil subjected to impurity removal in the step (5) according to the original shape of the wood frog, and fixing the wood frog oil into a mold;
(7) Air drying: and (4) airing the shaped rana japonica oil outdoors for 2-3 days until the product is dried.
The product obtained in comparative example 1 was dark yellow in color with impurities.
Comparative example 2
Changing the drying mode of the step (7) on the basis of the comparative example 1, and other steps are the same as the comparative example 1; the specific steps of the step (7) are as follows:
(7) And (3) hot air drying: and (3) placing the shaped rana japonica oil in a hot air drying box, and drying for 24 hours at the temperature of 75 ℃ until the product is dried.
The product obtained in comparative example 2 is dark yellow in color and has no impurities.
The prepared wood frog oil products of the embodiment 3 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 are subjected to colony count test and rehydration performance test, and the rehydration performance test method comprises the following steps: timing is started after the wood frog oil product is put into water, the wood frog oil product is taken out when no obvious core is formed after the wood frog oil is soaked and foamed, the time is recorded, and the quality of the wood frog oil product before and after the wood frog oil is soaked and foamed is measured. 20 parallel experiments were performed under each condition and the results are averaged and reported in table 3.
TABLE 3
| Rehydration time (25 ℃ condition) | Color and luster of the product | Total number of colonies (cfu/g) | |
| Comparative example 1 | 36.5h | Dark yellow with impurities | 1.2*10 5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 36.2h | Dark yellow | 8.9*10 4 |
| Example 3 | 2.1h | Light yellow | 8.3*10 3 |
The SEM surface appearance of the prepared wood frog oil products of the example 3 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 is shown in figure 1. As can be seen from FIG. 1A, the tissue structure of the direct freeze-dried product is a sheet structure, water can be uniformly dispersed into the product, the path of water diffusion is reduced, and the rehydration time is greatly shortened.
As can be seen from the B, C in FIG. 1, the air-dried product and the hot air-dried product have compact surfaces, no cracks or gaps, and difficult water entry, which results in long rehydration time.
The prepared rana japonica oil product is not heated or aired, is rinsed by alcohol, has light yellow to white surface, good color and luster, no light irradiation and no 'haha' taste, and greatly improves the product sense.
The freeze drying technology is combined with the application of alcohol rinsing, so that the fishy smell of the product is removed to the utmost extent, and various nutrient substances, estrogen and other active substances of the product are protected; freeze forming, the structure of the product molecule is fixed fast, the dehydration polymerization of the protein structure is avoided in the drying process, a compact hydrophobic structure is not easy to form, and the product can be rapidly foamed and is convenient to eat. Rinsing with alcohol, sterilizing, and removing fishy smell;
the invention adopts living body to take oil, can remove the pain point impurities of products such as black lines, glandular membranes and the like attached to the oviduct in the previous process, can simplify the edible process of the products and increase the aesthetic property of the products.
According to the current method for killing the wood frogs by airing after live body threading, the death time of the wood frogs is long (more than 2 h), and the new method kills the wood frogs by using a method for cutting the spinal column of the live body, so that the related requirements of the world animal protection society are met.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of freeze-dried instant wood frog oil is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a substrate,
soaking the wood frog oil in 0-95% alcohol solution and rinsing;
removing impurities attached to the wood frog oil, putting the wood frog oil into a mould, freezing, molding and freeze-drying.
2. The method for preparing lyophilized instant rana japonica oil according to claim 1, wherein the freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil is prepared by the following steps: soaking in an alcohol solution, wherein the mass ratio of the wood frog oil to the alcohol solution is 1:0.1 to 200, and the soaking time is 0 to 24 hours.
3. The method for preparing lyophilized instant rana japonica oil according to claim 2, wherein the freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil is prepared by the following steps: the concentration of the alcohol solution is 70%, and the mass ratio of the wood frog oil to the alcohol solution is 1:200 and the soaking time is 1 hour.
4. A method for preparing freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil is prepared by the following steps: the freeze forming is to freeze the wood frog oil in the mold for 1-80 hours at the freezing temperature of-8 to-80 ℃.
5. The method for preparing lyophilized instant oviductus ranae of claim 4, wherein the freeze-dried instant oviductus ranae comprises the following steps: and freeze-drying, namely feeding the frozen rana japonica oil into a vacuum freeze-drying machine at the temperature of between 3 ℃ below zero and 40 ℃ below zero, at the vacuum degree of between 500 and 2pa, and for 2 to 60 hours.
6. The method for preparing lyophilized instant oviductus ranae according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the wood frog oil is put into a mould, the wood frog oil after impurities are removed is put according to the original shape, and is fixed into the mould, and the quantity is 1-300 g.
7. The method for preparing lyophilized instant oviductus ranae according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the wood frog oil is obtained by slaughtering and peeling living wood frogs.
8. The method for preparing lyophilized instant rana japonica oil according to claim 7, wherein the freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil is prepared by the following steps: and slaughtering by directly damaging the spinal column of the wood frogs.
9. The freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A lyophilized instant rana japonica oil according to claim 9, wherein: the wood frog oil has the following characteristics:
(i) The mass after foaming is 72 to 100 times of the mass before foaming;
(ii) The time for sufficient foaming is 0.5 to 3 hours.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102697055A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-10-03 | 刘丽霞 | Instant oviductus ranae and preparation method thereof |
| CN105105126A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-02 | 北京碧延堂生物科技有限公司 | Fishy smell removing freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN111700915A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-25 | 黑龙江省四宝生物科技股份有限公司 | A preparation method of oviductus Ranae lyophilized powder |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102697055A (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2012-10-03 | 刘丽霞 | Instant oviductus ranae and preparation method thereof |
| CN105105126A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-02 | 北京碧延堂生物科技有限公司 | Fishy smell removing freeze-dried instant rana japonica oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN111700915A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-25 | 黑龙江省四宝生物科技股份有限公司 | A preparation method of oviductus Ranae lyophilized powder |
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| 王会堂;蔡凤坤;吴杭格;卫功庆;: "成年东北林蛙的屠体性能及相关性研究", 特产研究, no. 04, 15 December 2008 (2008-12-15), pages 1 * |
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