CN115707755A - Leacheate as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Leacheate as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115707755A CN115707755A CN202110956298.3A CN202110956298A CN115707755A CN 115707755 A CN115707755 A CN 115707755A CN 202110956298 A CN202110956298 A CN 202110956298A CN 115707755 A CN115707755 A CN 115707755A
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Abstract
The invention provides an leacheate as well as a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein the leacheate comprises the following components or reaction products of the following components: anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, electrolytes and solvents; the anionic surfactant is at least one selected from a compound shown in a formula (1) and a compound shown in a formula (2), and the nonionic surfactant is at least one selected from a Tween surfactant and a cyclodextrin surfactant. According to the invention, the specific type of anionic surfactant is compounded with the specific type of nonionic surfactant, so that the dosage of the surfactant can be reduced, the washing effect is improved, and the stable property of the leacheate is maintained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil pollution treatment and restoration, in particular to an eluent and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy, the demand and consumption of energy resources rise year by year, the scale of oil exploitation is continuously enlarged, and the problem of soil pollution caused by the expansion is increasingly serious. After the petroleum enters the soil, on one hand, the local ecological environment of the soil can be changed, and the growth of indigenous microorganisms can be damaged; on the other hand, some difficultly degraded petroleum hydrocarbon components, such as naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene and the like, can be accumulated in soil for a long time and enter human bodies through food chains, so that the human health is harmed; over time, some of the petroleum hydrocarbon components may also migrate with the moisture in the soil, through the air-entrained zone of the soil to reach the underground aquifer and contaminate the groundwater.
Common high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil remediation technologies include physical remediation, chemical remediation and microbial remediation. Wherein, the physical repair work amount is large, the cost is high, and the method is not suitable for large-area repair; the bioremediation period is long, and the method is obviously influenced by main microorganisms and is not suitable for quick remediation. The leaching remediation is a chemical remediation technology for reducing the content of pollutants in soil by leaching the polluted soil by using a liquid (namely, a leaching solution) capable of promoting the dissolution/migration of the pollutants in the soil, so that the pollutants adsorbed or fixed on the soil particles are separated from the soil particles and enter a liquid phase from a solid phase, and the remediation technology has the advantages of high remediation speed, high efficiency, strong operability and the like, and is particularly suitable for the remediation of large-area and high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil. The leacheate is a key factor influencing the soil leaching efficiency, so that the development of the leacheate which is efficient, safe, economical and practical is one of the main directions for the development of the soil leaching technology.
In the prior art, CN201810198339.5 discloses a leaching agent for repairing high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil: the leaching agent is an aqueous solution dissolved with a biological surfactant and sodium salt, and the total concentration of the biological surfactant and the sodium salt in the aqueous solution is 50-1000g/L. The weight ratio of the biosurfactant to the sodium salt is 50-200. Wherein the biosurfactant is rhamnolipid, fructoglycolipid, sucrose ester, sophorolipid, polymyxin or tea saponin, or a mixture of two or more thereof. The sodium salt is sodium silicate, lignin sodium, sodium carbonate, sodium acetate or sodium humate, or a mixture of two or more of them. The eluent has a removal effect of 90-98% on petroleum hydrocarbon in soil, has biocompatibility and does not produce secondary pollution.
CN201810951941.1 provides a washing solution for continuously leaching oil product contaminated soil, which is a mixed aqueous solution of anionic or nonionic surfactant, alcohol and electrolyte, specifically: weighing 1-15 parts of (a) anionic surfactant, 9-30 parts of alcohol, 1-25 parts of electrolyte and 100 parts of water in parts by weight; or (b) 1-10 parts of nonionic surfactant, 2-6 parts of alcohol, 0-10 parts of electrolyte and 100 parts of water, and stirring until the components are uniformly mixed to obtain the lotion. The anionic surfactant is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or sodium dodecyl sulfate, the nonionic surfactant is tween-20 or tween-80, the alcohol is n-butyl alcohol or n-amyl alcohol, and the electrolyte is sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium chloride or potassium sulfate. The leacheate is simple in components and preparation method, and can effectively remove oil products in the polluted soil.
However, the prior art has obvious defects in the process of leaching and repairing the soil polluted by the high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon, such as: (1) the dosage of the medicament is large, and the leaching cost is high. In the existing eluent, the concentrations of surfactant, electrolyte and alcohol are all very high, such as: the total concentration of the biosurfactant and the sodium salt is as high as 50-1000g/L, and the volume ratio of the alcohol to the water is as high as 110-360mL/L. And (2) the popularization difficulty is high. Such as: the biosurfactant has high production cost (about 3 to 10 times of the chemical surfactant), low yield, high price and difficult acquisition; n-butanol and n-pentanol are dangerous chemicals, and the purchase, use and storage of the chemicals are strictly limited; (3) The use of the high-concentration electrolyte easily changes the physical and chemical properties of the soil, causes the physical and chemical properties of the soil to be deteriorated, and reduces the fertilizer efficiency of the soil.
In order to overcome various defects in the prior art, the invention takes the high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil as a target, aims to develop an eluent which can be suitable for restoring the high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil, and provides technical support for relieving the pollution of the current petroleum hydrocarbon to the soil, particularly for restoring the high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil around oil fields and oil depots.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an eluent, which employs a method of compounding a specific type of anionic surfactant with a specific type of nonionic surfactant and adding an inorganic auxiliary agent, wherein the method can reduce the amount of the surfactant, increase the washing effect, and is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the eluent properties.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an eluting solution corresponding to the first object.
The invention also aims to provide application of the leacheate corresponding to the aim in remediation of high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil.
In order to realize one of the purposes, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an eluate comprising the following components or the reaction product of the following components: anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, electrolytes and solvents; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the anionic surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by formula (1) and a compound represented by formula (2),
the non-ionic surfactant is at least one selected from Tween surfactants and cyclodextrin surfactants,
in the formula (1), R 1 Is selected from C 8 -C 16 Linear alkyl of (2), M 1 Is sodium or potassium; in the formula (2), R 2 Is selected from C 8 -C 16 Straight chain alkyl radical, M 2 Is sodium or potassium.
The inventor of the application discovers in research that in a mixed solution formed by compounding the anionic surfactant with the specific structure and the nonionic surfactant, molecules of the nonionic surfactant can be inserted between molecules of the anionic surfactant, so that the electric repulsion between 'ion heads' of the anionic surfactant is weakened, and the charge density of micelles is reduced. Meanwhile, the hydrophobic effect is formed between the carbon chains of the two specific surfactants, so that mixed micelles are easier to form, the Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) of the mixed surfactant solution is reduced, and a good leaching effect is obtained under the condition of low surfactant concentration. In addition, in the mixed solution of the anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant, the charge effect of the anionic surfactant is also beneficial to improving the emulsion stability of the solution and eluting petroleum hydrocarbon. The electrolyte is used as a washing assistant, has excellent decontamination, emulsification, dispersion and permeability, can be used together with a surfactant, can enhance the washing effect, can reduce the dosage of the surfactant, and can keep the stable property of the leacheate.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the anionic surfactant is selected from at least one of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium hexadecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylsulfate, sodium tetradecylsulfate and sodium hexadecylsulfate,
in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the anionic surfactant is selected from at least one of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the nonionic surfactant is selected from at least one of TW-20, TW-40, TW-60, TW-80, α -cyclodextrin, β -cyclodextrin, and γ -cyclodextrin.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the nonionic surfactant is selected from at least one of TW-60 and β -cyclodextrin.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the electrolyte is selected from at least one of silicates and metasilicates.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the electrolyte is selected from at least one of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, sodium metasilicate, and potassium metasilicate.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the electrolyte is selected from at least one of sodium silicate and sodium metasilicate.
According to the invention, the electrolyte of the specific type has excellent dispersion, emulsification and permeability, and can be used together with the surfactant, so that the washing effect can be enhanced, the dosage of the surfactant can be reduced, and the stable performance of the leacheate can be maintained.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the solvent is water.
According to the present invention, the term "water" may refer to tap water, distilled water, deionized water, and the like.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the concentration of the anionic surfactant in the leacheate is between 0.6g/L and 1.5g/L.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the concentration of the nonionic surfactant in the leacheate is from 3.0g/L to 4.0g/L.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the concentration of the electrolyte in the leacheate is from 7.5g/L to 12.5g/L.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the elution liquid has a mass ratio of the anionic surfactant to the nonionic surfactant of 1 (1 to 6), preferably 1 (2 to 5).
In order to achieve the second purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of preparing an eluant of any one of the above embodiments, comprising:
mixing the anionic surfactant, the nonionic surfactant, the electrolyte and the solvent to prepare the leacheate.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method comprises:
s1, dissolving the anionic surfactant in a first part of solvent to obtain an anionic surfactant solution;
s2, dissolving the nonionic surfactant in a second part of solvent to obtain a nonionic surfactant solution;
s3, mixing the anionic surfactant solution, the nonionic surfactant solution, an electrolyte and an optional third part of solvent to obtain the leacheate.
According to the present invention, the order of steps S1 and S2 is not particularly limited, and step S1 may be performed first, and then step S2 may be performed, or step S2 may be performed first, and then step S1 may be performed; steps S1 and S2 may also be performed simultaneously if conditions permit.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the above preparation method, the concentration of the anionic surfactant in the anionic surfactant solution is 2g/L to 5g/L; in the non-ionic surfactant solution, the concentration of the non-ionic surfactant is 6g/L-10g/L.
According to the present invention, the amount of each component used in step S3 is not particularly limited, and is determined by the concentration of the final target product.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method comprises:
1) Dissolving the anionic surfactant in a first portion of solvent to obtain an anionic surfactant solution;
2) Dissolving the nonionic surfactant in a second part of the solvent to obtain a nonionic surfactant solution;
3) Mixing the anionic surfactant solution, the nonionic surfactant solution and optionally a third portion of solvent to obtain a mixed solution;
4) Mixing the mixed solution, an electrolyte and optionally a fourth part of the solvent to obtain the rinsing solution.
According to the present invention, the order of steps 1) and 2) is not particularly limited, and step 1) may be performed first, followed by step 2), or step 2) may be performed first, followed by step 1); if conditions permit, it is also possible to carry out steps 1) and 2) simultaneously.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the above preparation method, the concentration of the anionic surfactant in the anionic surfactant solution is 2g/L to 5g/L; in the non-ionic surfactant solution, the concentration of the non-ionic surfactant is 6g/L-10g/L.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step 3), the volume ratio of the anionic surfactant solution, the nonionic surfactant solution and the third part solvent is (2-5): (3-5): (0-5).
According to the present invention, the nonionic surfactant solution may be dissolved in the solvent under heating conditions, for example, in a temperature range of 30 to 50 ℃, preferably 30 to 40 ℃, in consideration of the dissolution characteristics of the solution.
In order to achieve the third purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
use of the leacheate of any of the above embodiments or prepared according to the preparation method of any of the above embodiments in remediation of high concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil is subjected to leaching treatment using the leacheate, wherein the amount of the leacheate used is 6L-10L per kilogram of the high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil.
According to the invention, the term "high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil" refers to the petroleum hydrocarbon content in soil which is greater than the petroleum hydrocarbon (C) in the second type of construction land specified in soil pollution risk control Standard (trial) for soil environmental quality construction land (GB 36600-2018) 1 -C 40 ) Screening of risk of soil contaminationThe value: 4500mg/Kg soil.
According to the present invention, the washing manner of the washing treatment is not particularly limited, and for example, the soil contaminated by high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon may be subjected to shaking washing by being placed in the washing solution.
According to the present invention, the rinsing temperature of the rinsing treatment is not particularly limited, but the rinsing treatment is preferably performed at a temperature ranging from 25 ℃ to 35 ℃ in consideration of the activity of the surfactant.
The invention has the advantages that at least the following aspects are realized:
first, the concentration of the surfactant and the electrolyte is low and the amount used is small. In the leacheate disclosed by the invention, the total concentration of an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and an electrolyte is 11.1-18g/L. CN201810198339.5, the total concentration of the biosurfactant and the sodium salt is 50-1000g/L. CN201810951941.1 discloses a leacheate: the total concentration of the anionic surfactant and the electrolyte is 20-400g/L, and the volume ratio of the alcohol to the water is up to 90-300mL/L; the total concentration of the nonionic surfactant and the electrolyte is 10-200g/L, and the volume ratio of the alcohol to the water is 20-100mL/L. It can be seen that the invention greatly reduces the dosage of the surfactant and the electrolyte and reduces the medicament cost.
Secondly, the repairing effect is good. After the leacheate disclosed by the invention is used for leaching and repairing high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon polluted soil, the removal rate of petroleum hydrocarbon is more than 75%, the content of petroleum hydrocarbon is reduced from 10g/Kg to below 2.5g/Kg, and the petroleum hydrocarbon is lower than a second type of construction land petroleum hydrocarbon (C) specified in trial implementation of soil pollution risk control standard (GB 36600-2018) for soil environmental quality construction land 1 -C 40 ) Soil pollution risk screening value: 4500 mg/Kg.
Thirdly, the medicament selected by the invention is cheap and easy to obtain, is convenient to prepare and is convenient to popularize and use.
Fourthly, the leacheate disclosed by the invention is good in biodegradability, high in safety and free of secondary pollution risk.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.
The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products which are commercially available, and are not indicated by manufacturers.
In the following embodiments, the high concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil sample used is prepared by the following method:
(1) Taking a certain amount of unpolluted soil, sieving with a 10-mesh sieve, removing impurities with larger particle size, and drying the obtained soil at 160 ℃ for later use.
(2) Adding a certain amount of n-hexadecane into clean and dry soil, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing. According to the formula "petroleum hydrocarbon (C) of soil and sediment 10 -C 40 ) The petroleum hydrocarbon content was 12200mg/Kg as determined by gas chromatography (HJ 1021-2019). Greatly exceeds the soil pollution risk control standard (trial) of soil environment quality construction land (GB 36600-2018) petroleum hydrocarbon (C) of second type construction land 1 -C 40 ) Soil pollution risk screening value: 4500mg/Kg, the exceeding multiple is 1.71.
Example 1
(1) Preparing a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution. 3g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was weighed and prepared into 1L of an aqueous solution with tap water.
(2) Preparing TW-60 solution. 6gTW-60 was weighed and made into 1L of aqueous solution with tap water at 40 ℃.
(3) And (4) preparing the leacheate. Sodium metasilicate (Na) was weighed 2 SiO 3 ·9H 2 O) 1.2g, and placing in a beaker; measuring in turn: 48.0mL of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution, 60.0mL of TW-60 solution and 12.0mL of tap water are added into a beaker, stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain 120mL of leacheate.
(4) 15g of high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was weighed and placed in a 250mL Erlenmeyer flask.
(5) And (4) adding all the leacheate prepared in the step (3) into the conical flask in the step (4), and covering a bottle stopper. At this time, the total concentration of the surfactant is 4.2g/L, the concentration of the sodium metasilicate is 10g/L, and the volume ratio of the mass of the contaminated soil to the volume of the leacheate is as follows: 1Kg to 8.0L.
(6) And (4) placing the conical flask obtained in the step (5) in a constant-temperature oscillator, and performing oscillation washing. The washing conditions were as follows: oscillating at 30 deg.C and 180 r/min for 6 hr, and separating solid from liquid to obtain washed soil.
Example 2
(1) Preparing a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution. 3g of sodium lauryl sulfate was weighed and prepared into 1L of an aqueous solution with tap water.
(2) Preparing TW-60 solution. 6gTW-60 was weighed and made into 1L of aqueous solution with tap water at 40 ℃.
(3) And (4) preparing the leacheate. Sodium metasilicate (Na) was weighed 2 SiO 3 ·9H 2 O) 1.2g, and placing in a beaker; taking the components in turn: 36.0mL of sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, 60.0mL of TW-60 solution and 24.0mL of tap water are added into a beaker, stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain 120mL of leacheate.
(4) 15g of high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was weighed and placed in a 250mL Erlenmeyer flask.
(5) And (4) measuring 90mL of the leacheate prepared in the step (3), adding the leacheate into the conical flask obtained in the step (4), and covering a bottle stopper. At this time, the total concentration of the surfactant is 3.9g/L, the concentration of the sodium metasilicate is 10g/L, and the volume ratio of the mass of the contaminated soil to the volume of the leacheate is as follows: 1Kg to 6.0L.
(6) And (5) placing the conical flask in the constant-temperature oscillator for oscillating washing. The washing conditions were as follows: and oscillating at 25 ℃ and 180 r/min for 7h, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain the washed soil.
Example 3
(1) Preparing a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution. 2g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was weighed and prepared into 1L of an aqueous solution with tap water.
(2) Preparing beta-cyclodextrin solution. 10g of beta-cyclodextrin was weighed and prepared into 1L of an aqueous solution with tap water at 40 ℃.
(3) And (4) preparing the leacheate. Weighing 1.8g of sodium silicate, and placing the sodium silicate in a beaker; measuring in sequence: adding 120.0mL of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution and 120.0mL of beta-cyclodextrin solution into a beaker, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain 240mL of leacheate.
(4) 15g of high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was weighed and placed in a 250mL Erlenmeyer flask.
(5) And (4) taking 150mL of the leacheate prepared in the step (3), adding the leacheate into the conical flask in the step (4), and covering a bottle stopper. At this time, the total concentration of the surfactant is 6.0g/L, the concentration of the sodium silicate is 7.5g/L, and the volume ratio of the contaminated soil mass to the leacheate is as follows: 1Kg to 10.0L.
(6) And (4) placing the conical flask in the step (4) in a constant-temperature oscillator, and carrying out oscillation washing. The washing conditions were as follows: and oscillating for 8 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200 r/min, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain the washed soil.
Example 4
(1) Preparing a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution. 5g of sodium lauryl sulfate was weighed and prepared into 1L of an aqueous solution with tap water.
(2) Preparing beta-cyclodextrin solution. 7g of beta-cyclodextrin was weighed and prepared into 1L of an aqueous solution with tap water at 40 ℃.
(3) And (4) preparing the leacheate. Weighing 3.0g of sodium silicate, and placing the sodium silicate in a beaker; measuring in sequence: 48.0mL of sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, 120.0mL of beta-cyclodextrin solution and 72mL of tap water are added into a beaker, stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain 240mL of leacheate.
(4) 15g of high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was weighed and placed in a 250mL Erlenmeyer flask.
(5) And (4) taking 120mL of the leacheate prepared in the step (3), adding into the conical flask obtained in the step (4), and covering a bottle stopper. At this time, the total concentration of the surfactant is 5.5g/L, the concentration of the sodium silicate is 12.5g/L, and the volume ratio of the mass of the contaminated soil to the volume of the leacheate is as follows: 1Kg to 8.0L.
(6) And (4) placing the conical flask in the step (4) in a constant-temperature oscillator, and carrying out oscillation washing. The washing conditions were as follows: oscillating at 35 deg.C and 150 rpm for 5 hr, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain washed soil.
Example 5
The high concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was rinsed as in example 1. The difference is that: sodium hexadecylbenzene sulfonate is adopted to replace sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
Example 6
The high concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was subjected to leaching as in example 2. The difference is that: sodium lauryl sulfate was replaced with sodium cetyl sulfate.
Example 7
(1) Preparing a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution. 6g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was weighed and prepared into 1L of an aqueous solution with tap water.
(2) Preparing beta-cyclodextrin solution. 6g of beta-cyclodextrin is weighed and prepared into 1L of aqueous solution by using tap water with the temperature of 40 ℃.
(3) And (4) preparing the leacheate. Weighing 1.8g of sodium silicate, and placing the sodium silicate in a beaker; measuring in sequence: adding 120.0mL of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution and 120.0mL of beta-cyclodextrin solution into a beaker, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain 240mL of leacheate.
(4) 15g of high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was weighed and placed in a 250mL Erlenmeyer flask.
(5) And (4) taking 150mL of the leacheate prepared in the step (3), adding the leacheate into the conical flask in the step (4), and covering a bottle stopper. At this time, the total concentration of the surfactant is 6.0g/L, the concentration of the sodium silicate is 7.5g/L, and the volume ratio of the contaminated soil mass to the leacheate is as follows: 1Kg to 10.0L.
(6) And (4) placing the conical flask in the step (4) in a constant-temperature oscillator, and carrying out oscillation washing. The washing conditions were as follows: and oscillating for 8 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200 r/min, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain the washed soil.
Example 8
(1) Preparing a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution. 9.5g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was weighed out and prepared into 1L of an aqueous solution with tap water.
(2) Preparing beta-cyclodextrin solution. 2.5g of beta-cyclodextrin was weighed and prepared into 1L of an aqueous solution with tap water at 40 ℃.
(3) And (4) preparing the leacheate. Weighing 1.8g of sodium silicate, and placing the sodium silicate in a beaker; measuring in sequence: adding 120.0mL of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution and 120.0mL of beta-cyclodextrin solution into a beaker, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain 240mL of leacheate.
(4) 15g of high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was weighed and placed in a 250mL Erlenmeyer flask.
(5) And (4) taking 150mL of the leacheate prepared in the step (3), adding the leacheate into the conical flask in the step (4), and covering a bottle stopper. At this time, the total concentration of the surfactant was 6.0g/L, the concentration of sodium silicate was 7.5g/L, and the volume ratio of the contaminated soil mass to the leacheate was: 1Kg to 10.0L.
(6) And (5) placing the conical flask obtained in the step (4) in a constant-temperature oscillator, and performing oscillation washing. The washing conditions were as follows: and oscillating for 8 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200 r/min, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain the washed soil.
Example 9
High concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil were rinsed essentially as in example 1. The difference is only that: the amount of sodium metasilicate used was 12g.
Example 10
The high concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was subjected to leaching essentially as in example 1. The difference is only that: the amount of sodium metasilicate used was 24g.
Comparative example 1
High concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil were rinsed essentially as in example 1. The difference is only that: and (3) adding no sodium metasilicate.
Comparative example 2
The high concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was subjected to leaching essentially as in example 1. The difference is only that: the leacheate was a TW-60 solution with a concentration of 3.0 g/L.
Comparative example 3
High concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil were rinsed essentially as in example 1. The difference is only that: the leacheate is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution with the concentration of 3.0 g/L.
Comparative example 4
The high concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was rinsed essentially as in example 2. The difference is only that: and (3) adding no sodium metasilicate.
Comparative example 5
The high concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was subjected to leaching essentially as in example 2. The difference is only that: the leacheate was a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution with a concentration of 3.0 g/L.
Comparative example 6
The high concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was subjected to leaching essentially as in example 3. The difference is only that: and (4) adding no sodium silicate in the step (3).
Comparative example 7
The high concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was rinsed essentially as in example 3. The difference is only that: the leacheate is a beta-cyclodextrin solution with the concentration of 5.0 g/L.
Test example 1
According to the formula "petroleum hydrocarbon (C) of soil and sediment 10 -C 40 ) Measurement of (1) gas chromatography (HJ 1021-2019) the results of measuring the content of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil after the soil is rinsed and restored in each of the examples and comparative examples are shown in table 1. Wherein, the removal rate of petroleum hydrocarbon/% = (petroleum hydrocarbon content in soil before remediation-petroleum hydrocarbon content in soil after remediation)/the petroleum hydrocarbon content in soil before remediation is 100%.
TABLE 1
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. The present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, but the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. The invention can be modified, as prescribed, within the scope of the claims and without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein, but rather extends to all other methods and applications having the same functionality.
Claims (10)
1. A leacheate comprising the following components or the reaction product of the following components: anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, electrolytes and solvents; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the anionic surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by formula (1) and a compound represented by formula (2),
the non-ionic surfactant is at least one selected from Tween surfactants and cyclodextrin surfactants,
in the formula (1), R 1 Is selected from C 8 -C 16 Straight chain alkyl of (2), M 1 Is sodium or potassium; in the formula (2), R 2 Is selected from C 8 -C 16 Straight chain alkyl, M 2 Is sodium or potassium.
2. An eluate according to claim 1,
the anionic surfactant is selected from at least one of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium hexadecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium tetradecyl sulfate and sodium hexadecyl sulfate, and is preferably selected from at least one of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate; and/or
The nonionic surfactant is selected from at least one of TW-20, TW-40, TW-60, TW-80, alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin and gamma-cyclodextrin, preferably at least one of TW-60 and beta-cyclodextrin.
3. The rinse liquor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrolyte is selected from at least one of silicate and metasilicate, preferably at least one of sodium silicate, potassium silicate, aluminum silicate, sodium metasilicate, potassium metasilicate and aluminum metasilicate, more preferably at least one of sodium silicate and sodium metasilicate.
4. The rinse of any of claims 1-3, wherein the solvent is water.
5. The leacheate of any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the concentration of said anionic surfactant in said leacheate is from 0.6g/L to 1.5g/L; the concentration of the nonionic surfactant is 3.0g/L-4.0g/L; the concentration of the electrolyte is 7.5g/L-12.5g/L.
6. The eluent according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the mass ratio of the anionic surfactant to the nonionic surfactant in the eluent is 1 (1-6), preferably 1 (2-5).
7. A method of making the leacheate of any one of claims 1 to 6 comprising:
mixing the anionic surfactant, the nonionic surfactant, the electrolyte and the solvent to prepare the leacheate.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 7, comprising:
s1, dissolving the anionic surfactant in a first part of solvent to obtain an anionic surfactant solution;
s2, dissolving the nonionic surfactant in a second part of solvent to obtain a nonionic surfactant solution;
s3, mixing the anionic surfactant solution, the nonionic surfactant solution, electrolyte and optionally a third part of solvent to obtain leacheate;
preferably, the concentration of the anionic surfactant in the anionic surfactant solution is 2g/L-5g/L; in the nonionic surfactant solution, the concentration of the nonionic surfactant is 6g/L-10g/L.
9. The method of manufacturing according to claim 7, comprising:
1) Dissolving the anionic surfactant in a first portion of solvent to obtain an anionic surfactant solution;
2) Dissolving the nonionic surfactant in a second part of the solvent to obtain a nonionic surfactant solution;
3) Mixing the anionic surfactant solution, the nonionic surfactant solution and optionally a third portion of solvent to obtain a mixed solution;
4) Mixing the mixed solution, an electrolyte and optionally a fourth part of solvent to obtain the leacheate;
preferably, the concentration of the anionic surfactant in the anionic surfactant solution is 2g/L-5g/L; in the non-ionic surfactant solution, the concentration of the non-ionic surfactant is 6g/L-10g/L;
in the step 3), the volume ratio of the anionic surfactant solution, the nonionic surfactant solution and the third part of solvent is (2-5) to (3-5) to (0-5).
10. Use of the leacheate according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 7 to 9 in remediation of high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil, preferably, the high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil is subjected to leaching treatment by using the leacheate, wherein the amount of the leacheate is 6L to 10L per kilogram of the high-concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil.
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| CN114133933A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-03-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Eluting agent for restoring petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN114133933A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-03-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Eluting agent for restoring petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil and preparation method and application thereof |
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