CN115700977A - Voltage conversion module, power supply system, and base station - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a voltage conversion module, power supply system and basic station, include: the switch capacitor resonance unit comprises a switch unit and a resonance unit, wherein the resonance unit is electrically connected with the switch unit and is used for being matched with the switch unit to receive a first voltage and convert the first voltage into a second voltage, and the first voltage and the second voltage are opposite in electrical property. The switching unit comprises a power switch, the switching duty ratio of the power switch is fixed, and the switching frequency of the power switch is determined according to the resonant frequency of the resonant unit. The application also provides a power supply system and a base station. Therefore, the voltage conversion module, the power supply system and the base station can be fixed by controlling the duty ratio of the power switch, and the switching frequency of the power switch is determined according to the resonant frequency of the resonant unit, so that the current flowing through the resonant unit can resonate to zero, the zero current turn-off of the power switch is realized, and the switching loss of the power switch is reduced.

Description

Voltage conversion module, power supply system and base station

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of circuit technologies, and in particular, to a voltage conversion module, a power supply system, and a base station.

Background

With the rapid development of wireless communication, especially the coming of fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G), the application of 5G base station is becoming more and more widespread. Currently, a non-isolated DC/DC converter is commonly used to power 5G base stations. However, the power switch tube in the non-isolated DC/DC converter cannot achieve zero current turn-off, which results in large switching loss of the power switch tube, and thus the switching frequency of the power switch tube is low and the power loss is large.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present application provides a voltage conversion module, a power supply system, and a base station, which can implement zero-current turn-off of a power switch, thereby reducing switching loss.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a voltage conversion module, comprising: the switch capacitor resonance unit comprises a switch unit and a resonance unit, wherein the resonance unit is electrically connected with the switch unit and is used for being matched with the switch unit to receive a first voltage and convert the first voltage into a second voltage, and the first voltage and the second voltage are opposite in electrical property. The switching unit comprises a power switch, the switching duty ratio of the power switch is fixed, and the switching frequency of the power switch is determined according to the resonant frequency of the resonant unit. The application provides a voltage conversion module can be fixed through control power switch's duty cycle to confirm power switch's switching frequency according to resonant frequency of resonant unit, can be so that the electric current resonance of resonant unit of flowing through to zero, thereby realize power switch's zero current and turn-off, reduce power switch's switching loss.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the switch unit includes a first power switch, a second power switch, a third power switch, and a fourth power switch, the first power switch, the second power switch, the third power switch, and the fourth power switch are sequentially connected in series, and the resonance unit is connected in parallel with the second power switch and the third power switch that are connected in series. The middle node of the second power switch and the third power switch and one end of the fourth power switch are used for receiving the first voltage, and one end of the first power switch is used for outputting the second voltage. The first power switch and the third power switch form one of the two groups of power switches, the second power switch and the fourth power switch form the other of the two groups of power switches, the resonance unit is used for acquiring a first voltage through the conducted second power switch and the conducted fourth power switch and charging, and the resonance unit is also used for discharging through the conducted first power switch and the conducted third power switch. In the voltage conversion module that this application provided, the switch unit includes four power switch, and four power switch constitute two sets ofly, and the resonance unit is used for acquireing first voltage and charging through a set of that switches on to another group through switching on discharges, thereby converts first voltage into the opposite second voltage of electrical property.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the switch unit includes a first power switch, a second power switch, a third power switch, and a fourth power switch, where the first power switch, the second power switch, the third power switch, and the fourth power switch are sequentially connected in series, the resonance unit includes a resonance capacitor and a resonance inductor, the resonance capacitor is connected in parallel with the second power switch and the third power switch after being connected in series, and the resonance inductor is connected to an intermediate node of the second power switch and the third power switch. The middle node of the second power switch and the third power switch and one end of the fourth power switch are used for receiving the first voltage, and one end of the first power switch is used for outputting the second voltage. The first power switch and the third power switch form one of the two groups of power switches, the second power switch and the fourth power switch form the other of the two groups of power switches, the resonance unit is used for acquiring a first voltage through the conducted second power switch and the conducted fourth power switch and charging, and the resonance unit is also used for discharging through the conducted first power switch and the conducted third power switch.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the voltage conversion module further includes a dc conversion unit, where the dc conversion unit is electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonance unit and the load, and is configured to convert the second voltage into a third voltage to supply power to the load. In the voltage conversion module that this application provided, the dc conversion unit is connected between switched capacitor resonance unit and load, can convert the second voltage into the supply voltage who is applicable to the load to can require the third voltage of adjusting the dc conversion unit output according to the supply voltage of load, in order to supply power to the load of difference.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the voltage conversion module further includes a dc conversion unit, where the dc conversion unit is electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonance unit and the dc power supply, and is configured to convert an output voltage of the dc power supply into a first voltage so as to supply power to the switched capacitor resonance unit.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the voltage conversion module further includes two dc conversion units, and one of the two dc conversion units is electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonance unit and the load, and is configured to convert the second voltage into a third voltage to supply power to the load. The other one of the two direct current conversion units is electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonance unit and the direct current power supply and is used for converting the output voltage of the direct current power supply into a first voltage so as to supply power to the switched capacitor resonance unit.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the voltage conversion module further includes a control circuit, where the control circuit is electrically connected to the power switch, and is configured to control a switching duty ratio of the power switch to be fixed, and control a switching frequency of the power switch according to a resonant frequency of the resonant unit. In the voltage conversion module that this application provided, control circuit can control switching frequency and the duty cycle of power switch tube in the switch unit, and control circuit can control the duty cycle of switch unit fixed, and according to the resonant frequency control switch tube's in the resonant frequency control switch unit of resonant unit switching frequency to make the current resonance of flowing through the resonant unit to zero, thereby realize power switch's zero current and turn-off.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the voltage conversion module further includes a control circuit, where the control circuit is electrically connected to the dc conversion unit and is configured to adjust an output voltage of the dc conversion unit. In the voltage conversion module provided by the application, the control circuit can adjust the output voltage of the direct current conversion unit according to the power supply voltage of the load, so that the input voltage of the load is matched with the power supply voltage of the load.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the dc conversion unit includes at least one of a BOOST circuit, a BUCK circuit, and a BUCK-BOOST circuit.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a power supply system. The power supply system comprises the voltage conversion module provided by any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect. The voltage conversion module is electrically connected with the direct current power supply and is used for obtaining a first voltage from the direct current power supply.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a base station. The base station comprises the power supply system provided by any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

In addition, for technical effects brought by any possible implementation manner of the second aspect to the third aspect, reference may be made to technical effects brought by different implementation manners of the first aspect, and details are not described here.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a resonant BUCK-BOOST circuit.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a voltage conversion module provided in the present application.

Fig. 3A is a circuit diagram of a switching resonant conversion unit.

Fig. 3B is another circuit diagram of the switching resonant conversion unit.

Fig. 4A is a structural diagram of a voltage conversion module provided in the present application.

Fig. 4B is another structural diagram of the voltage conversion module provided in the present application.

Fig. 5A is a circuit diagram of a dc conversion unit provided in the present application.

Fig. 5B is another circuit diagram of the dc conversion unit provided in the present application.

Fig. 5C is a circuit diagram of a dc conversion unit according to the present application.

Fig. 6A is a circuit diagram of a voltage conversion module provided in the present application.

Fig. 6B is another circuit diagram of the voltage conversion module provided in the present application.

Fig. 6C is a circuit diagram of a voltage conversion module according to the present application.

Fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of current, voltage and control signals of the first power switch provided in the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system provided in the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a base station provided in the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency module provided in the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a baseband module provided in the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

It is to be understood that the connections described herein refer to direct or indirect connections. For example, a and B may be connected directly, or a and B may be connected indirectly through one or more other electrical components. For example, a and C are directly connected, and C and B are directly connected, so that a and B are connected through C. It is also understood that "a is connected to B" described herein may be a direct connection between a and B, or an indirect connection between a and B through one or more other electrical components.

In the description of this application, "/" denotes "or" means, for example, a/B may denote a or B, unless otherwise indicated. "and/or" herein is merely an association describing an associated object, and means that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

In the description of the present application, the words "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing different objects, and do not limit the number and execution order, and the words "first", "second", and the like do not necessarily limit the difference. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

The technical solution of the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

With the rapid development of wireless communication, especially the arrival of fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G), 5G base stations are increasingly widely used. Currently, a non-isolated voltage conversion module is generally adopted to supply power to a 5G base station. The non-isolated voltage conversion module typically includes a resonant BUCK-BOOST circuit, as shown in fig. 1. Wherein, a plurality of power switch tubes (for example, the power switch tubes S1-S4 in fig. 1) in the resonant BUCK-BOOST circuit are controlled by the control signal D1 or the control signal D2, and the output voltage of the resonant BUCK-BOOST circuit is adjusted by dynamically adjusting the duty ratio and the frequency of the control signal. However, since the duty ratio and the frequency of the control signal are constantly changed, the resonant BUCK-BOOST circuit cannot work in a resonant state, and therefore, the plurality of power switching tubes cannot be turned off at zero current, so that the switching loss of the power switching tubes is large, the switching frequency of the power switching tubes is low, and the power loss is large. Therefore, the application provides a voltage conversion module, power supply system and relevant equipment, can realize that power switch tube's zero current cuts off, reduces power switch tube's switching loss, improves power switch tube's switching frequency, reduces power loss, realizes diversified output voltage simultaneously and adjusts.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a voltage conversion module 1 provided in the present application.

As shown in fig. 2, the voltage conversion module 1 is electrically connected between the negative dc power supply 2 and the load 3. The negative dc power supply 2 is used to provide a negative dc voltage to power the voltage conversion module 1. The negative DC power supply 2 may be an Alternating Current/Direct Current (AC/DC) conversion circuit, and may convert AC power into negative DC power. Alternatively, the negative dc power supply 2 may be a Battery (Battery).

The voltage conversion module 1 is configured to convert an output voltage of the negative dc power supply 2 to supply power to the load 3. In one embodiment, the voltage conversion module 1 includes a switching resonant conversion unit 11 and a dc conversion unit 12. The dc conversion unit 12 is electrically connected between the switching resonant conversion unit 11 and the load 3. The switching resonant converting unit 11 is configured to convert an input negative voltage (e.g., -Vin) into a positive voltage (e.g., a first positive voltage + Vo 1). The dc conversion unit 12 is configured to convert the positive voltage (e.g., a first positive voltage + Vo 1), for example, to a second positive voltage + Vo2, so as to supply power to the load 3.

Referring to fig. 3A, fig. 3A is a circuit diagram of the switching resonant converting unit 11.

As shown in fig. 3A, the switching resonant conversion unit 11 includes a switching unit 101 and a resonant unit 102. Wherein the switching unit 101 comprises a plurality of power switches. It is understood that each power switch may be a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), a switch circuit formed by connecting a plurality of MOSFETs in parallel or in series, a switch circuit formed by connecting a plurality of IGBTs in parallel or in series, a switch circuit formed by connecting a MOSFET in parallel with a reverse diode, or a switch circuit formed by connecting an IGBT in parallel with a diode, and is not limited in particular.

It is understood that the switching unit 101 and the resonant unit 102 cooperate to receive a first voltage (e.g., -Vin) and convert the first voltage into a second voltage (e.g., a first positive voltage + Vo 1), and it is obvious that the first voltage and the second voltage are opposite in electrical property.

Specifically, a switching circuit in which a power switch is a MOSFET and a reverse diode are connected in parallel will be described as an example.

As shown in fig. 3A, the switching unit 101 includes four power switches, for example, a first power switch K1, a second power switch K2, a third power switch K3, and a fourth power switch K4. The first power switch K1, the second power switch K2, the third power switch K3 and the fourth power switch K4 are sequentially connected in series. Specifically, the source of the first power switch K1 is connected to the drain of the second power switch K2. The source of the second power switch K2 is connected to the drain of the third power switch K3. The source of the third power switch K3 is connected to the drain of the fourth power switch K4. The middle node J1 between the second power switch K2 and the third power switch K3 and the source of the fourth power switch K4 are used to connect the negative dc power supply 2 to obtain the negative voltage-Vin. The negative voltage-Vin may be a negative voltage output by the negative dc power supply 2, or may be a negative voltage output by the dc conversion unit 12. The drain of the first power switch K1 serves as the output terminal of the switching resonant converting unit 11 to output the first positive voltage + Vo1.

It will be appreciated that the gates of the four power switches, i.e. the first to fourth power switches K1-K4, are adapted to be connected to a control circuit 4 (see fig. 2) for receiving a control signal to be switched on and off under the control of the control signal. I.e. the on-state and the off-state of the first to fourth power switches K1-K4 are configurable. Herein, it is understood that the on-off state of the power switch refers to the on-off state of the switching device in the power switch.

The resonant unit 102 is connected in parallel with the second power switch K2 and the third power switch K3 connected in series. Therein, as shown in fig. 3A, in some embodiments, the resonance unit 102 includes a resonance capacitor Cr and a resonance inductor Lr. The resonant capacitor Cr and the resonant inductor Lr are connected in series, one end of the resonant capacitor Cr is connected to the middle node of the first power switch K1 and the second power switch K2, and one end of the resonant inductor Lr is electrically connected to the middle node of the third power switch K3 and the fourth power switch K4.

In some embodiments, the switched resonant conversion unit 11 further comprises a first capacitance unit 103 and a second capacitance unit 104. Two ends of the first capacitor unit 103 are respectively connected to the output end of the switch unit 101 (i.e., the drain of the first power switch K1) and a middle node J1 of the second power switch K2 and the third power switch K3 (i.e., between the source of the second power switch K2 and the drain of the third power switch K3). Two ends of the second capacitor unit 104 are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the negative dc power supply 2.

It is understood that the first capacitor unit 103 and the second capacitor unit 104 may each include at least one capacitor, and may also include at least one capacitor and at least one resistor connected thereto, which are not limited in particular. For example, in fig. 3A, the first capacitor unit 103 includes a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 connected in series, and the second capacitor unit 104 includes a resistor R2 and a capacitor C2 connected in series. The first capacitor unit 103 and the second capacitor unit 104 both have a filtering function, wherein the first capacitor unit 103 is used for performing filtering processing on the first positive voltage + Vo1. The second capacitor unit 104 is used for filtering the negative voltage-Vin.

It is understood that the switching unit 101 and the resonant unit 102 may constitute a non-isolated resonant switched capacitor circuit. That is, the switching unit 101 may control charging and discharging of the resonance unit 102.

Specifically, when the switching resonance converting unit 11 operates, the first power switch K1 and the third power switch K3 constitute one group of power switches, and the second power switch K2 and the fourth power switch K4 constitute another group of power switches. The power switches in the same group have the same on-off state, and the power switches in different groups have opposite on-off states. For example, the on-off states of the first power switch K1 and the third power switch K3 of the same group are the same, but are opposite to the on-off states of the second power switch K2 and the fourth power switch K4 of the other group.

For example, in the first period, the first power switch K1 and the third power switch K3 are turned off, and the second power switch K2 and the fourth power switch K4 are turned on. At this time, the second power switch K2, the resonant unit 102, and the fourth power switch K4 form a loop with the circuit of the previous stage. The circuit of the previous stage may be the dc conversion unit 12, or may be the negative dc power supply 2. Based on this, the resonant cell 102 may receive a negative voltage-Vin and charge. In this process, a current flows through the first capacitor unit 103, and thus the first capacitor unit 103 generates and outputs a first positive voltage + Vo1.

Further, for example, in the second period, the first power switch K1 and the third power switch K3 are turned on, and the second power switch K2 and the fourth power switch K4 are turned off. At this time, the first power switch K1, the resonant unit 102, the third power switch K3 and the output end are connected to form a loop. Based on this, the resonant unit 102 can discharge to the output terminal to maintain the first positive voltage + Vo1 of the output terminal.

In the embodiment of the application, a plurality of power switches can adopt switching devices with consistent internal parameters so as to reduce impurity inductance and distributed capacitance.

In the embodiment of the present application, the switching duty ratio of the plurality of power switches is fixed, and the switching frequency of the plurality of power switches is determined according to the resonant frequency of the resonant unit 102.

Specifically, if the power switches (e.g., the first power switch K1, the second power switch K2, the third power switch K3, and the fourth power switch K4) in the switch unit 101 are required to be turned off with zero current, it is required to ensure that the current in the resonant unit 102 can resonate to zero. That is, the total impedance of the resonant unit 102 needs to be pure resistive, the operating frequency of the resonant unit 102 is the resonant frequency, and the switching duty cycle of the power switch is fixed. The operating frequency of the resonant unit 102 is determined by the switching frequency of the power switch in the switching unit 101, and the resonant frequency is determined by the total impedance of the resonant capacitor Cr and the resonant inductor Lr in the resonant unit 102. Therefore, by controlling the switching frequency of the power switch in the switching unit 101, the operating frequency of the resonance unit 102 can be made the resonance frequency. Meanwhile, the switching duty ratio of the power switch in the switching unit 101 may also be controlled so that the switching duty ratio is fixed. Therefore, the switching loss of the power switch can be reduced, the switching frequency of the power switch is improved, the voltage conversion efficiency is improved, and the working efficiency and the power density of the switch resonance conversion unit 11 are further improved. As the switching frequency of the power switch is increased, the size and manufacturing cost of the switching resonant conversion unit 11 are reduced.

In addition, since the resonant frequency of the resonant unit 102 is only related to the material characteristics of the resonant capacitor Cr and the resonant inductor Lr, by changing the capacitive reactance of the resonant capacitor Cr, the inductive reactance of the resonant inductor Lr changes with the resonant frequency unchanged. When the inductance of the resonant inductor Lr is smaller than a preset threshold, the resonant inductor Lr may be replaced by copper-clad on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), thereby further simplifying the Circuit structure and reducing power dissipation.

It can be understood that the power switches of the switching unit 101 may be divided into two groups, and the two groups of power switches are alternately turned on and off in turn, which is equivalent to that two switching power supplies output power simultaneously, which also makes the power output by the switching resonance converting unit 11 large and the working efficiency high.

It is understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the specific circuit of the switching resonant conversion unit 11 is not limited as long as the switching resonant conversion unit 11 can perform voltage polarity conversion on the acquired negative voltage-Vin. For example, referring to fig. 3B, in one possible implementation, the switched resonant converting unit 11 may also employ another non-isolated resonant switched capacitor circuit.

As shown in fig. 3B, the switching resonance converting unit 11 includes a switching unit 101, a resonance unit 102a, a first capacitance unit 103, and a second capacitance unit 104. The switching resonance converting unit 11 in fig. 3B is similar to the switching resonance converting unit 11 in fig. 3A in circuit structure and operation principle, and is different in that the circuit connection relationship of the switching resonance converting unit 11 in fig. 3B is different from the circuit connection relationship of the switching resonance converting unit 11 in fig. 3A. In fig. 3B, the resonant unit 102a includes a resonant capacitor Cr and a resonant inductor Lr, wherein one end of the resonant capacitor Cr is connected to an intermediate node of the first power switch K1 and the second power switch K2, and the other end of the resonant capacitor Cr is connected to an intermediate node of the third power switch K3 and the fourth power switch K4. One end of the resonant inductor Lr is connected to the intermediate node J1 of the second power switch K2 and the third power switch K3, and the other end of the resonant inductor Lr is connected to the output terminal of the switching unit 101 through the first capacitor unit 103.

Referring to fig. 4A, fig. 4A shows a structural diagram of a voltage conversion module 1a provided in the present application.

As shown in fig. 4A, the voltage conversion module 1a is electrically connected between the negative dc power supply 2 and the load 3. The voltage conversion module 1a is used for converting the output voltage of the negative dc power supply 2 to supply power to the load 3. The voltage conversion module 1a includes a switching resonance conversion unit 11 and a dc conversion unit 12a. The voltage conversion module 1a in fig. 4A is different from the voltage conversion module 1 in fig. 1 in that the dc conversion unit 12a is different from the negative dc power supply 2 and the switching resonant conversion unit 11 in the electrical connection relationship. In fig. 4A, the dc conversion unit 12a is electrically connected between the switching resonance conversion unit 11 and the negative dc power supply 2. The dc conversion unit 12a is configured to convert the output voltage of the negative dc power supply 2 to supply power to the switching resonant conversion unit 11.

It is to be understood that the switching resonant converting unit 11 in fig. 4A may have a circuit structure shown in fig. 3A, and may also have a circuit structure shown in fig. 3B, and is not limited in particular.

Referring to fig. 4B, fig. 4B shows a structural diagram of a voltage conversion module 1B provided in the present application.

As shown in fig. 4B, the voltage conversion module 1B is electrically connected between the negative dc power supply 2 and the load 3. The voltage conversion module ba is configured to convert an output voltage of the negative dc power supply 2 to supply power to the load 3. The voltage conversion module 1b includes a switching resonance conversion unit 11 and a dc conversion unit 12b. The voltage conversion module 1B in fig. 4B is different from the voltage conversion module 1 in fig. 1 in that the number of the dc conversion units 12B is two, and one of the dc conversion units 12B is electrically connected between the switching resonant conversion unit 11 and the negative dc power supply 2, and is configured to convert the output voltage of the negative dc power supply 2 to supply power to the switching resonant conversion unit 11. The other dc conversion unit 12 is electrically connected between the switching resonant conversion unit 11 and the load 3, and is configured to convert an output voltage of the switching resonant conversion unit 11 to supply power to the load 3.

It is understood that the switching resonant converting unit 11 in fig. 4B may have the circuit structure shown in fig. 3A or the circuit structure shown in fig. 3B, and is not limited herein.

It is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the specific circuits of the dc conversion units 12, 12a, 12b, as long as the dc conversion units 12, 12a, 12b can achieve voltage boosting and/or voltage reducing. For convenience of description, the dc conversion unit 12 in fig. 1 is taken as an example for illustration.

For example, the dc conversion unit 12 may employ a BOOST (BOOST) circuit that can implement a BOOST function, a BUCK (BUCK) circuit that can implement a BUCK function, or a BUCK-BOOST (BUCK-BOOST) circuit that can implement a BUCK-BOOST function without switching the voltage polarity. Of course, the dc conversion unit 12 may be a combination of the above circuits. For example, the dc conversion unit 12 may be a combination of a BUCK circuit and a BOOST circuit, a combination of a BUCK circuit and a BUCK-BOOST circuit, a combination of a BUCK circuit, a BOOST circuit and a BUCK-BOOST circuit, and the like, which is not limited in this application.

For example, referring to fig. 5A, in a first case, the dc conversion unit 12 includes a power switch K5, a diode VD3, a capacitor C7 and an inductor L1.

It is understood that the power switch K5 in the dc conversion unit 12 may be a MOSFET, an IGBT, a switching circuit formed by connecting a plurality of MOSFETs in parallel or in series, a switching circuit formed by connecting a plurality of IGBTs in parallel or in series, a switching circuit formed by connecting a MOSFET in parallel with a reverse diode, or a switching circuit formed by connecting an IGBT in parallel with a diode, and is not limited in particular. For convenience of description, a switching circuit in which a power switch K5 is a MOSFET and a reverse diode are connected in parallel will be described as an example.

In fig. 5A, the drain of the power switch K5 is connected to the output terminal of the switching resonant converting unit 11 for receiving the first positive voltage + Vo1. The source of the power switch K5 is connected to the cathode of the diode VD3 and one end of the inductor L1. The anode of the diode VD3 is connected to the output terminal of the switching resonant converting unit 11 and one end of the capacitor C7. The other end of the capacitor C7 is connected to the other end of the inductor L1, and serves as an output end of the dc conversion unit 12 to output a second positive voltage + Vo2. It is understood that the gate of the power switch K5 is used for receiving the control signal to turn on and off under the control of the control signal. It is understood that the diode VD3 may be replaced by a power switch, and is not limited herein.

It can be understood that when the dc conversion unit 12 shown in fig. 5A operates, when the power switch K5 is turned on, both the capacitor C7 and the inductor L1 are charged. The inductor L1 receives the first positive voltage + Vo1 output by the switching resonant converting unit 11 through the power switch K5 and stores energy. When the power switch K5 is turned off, the inductor L1 discharges the previously stored energy to the capacitor C7 to power the capacitor C7. Since the power supplied by the inductor L1 is gradually reduced, the dc conversion unit 12 can perform the step-down function. Where, + Vo2= + Vo1 × D. D is a switching duty ratio of the power switch K5, that is, a duration of the power switch K5 being turned on accounts for a ratio of one period of the power switch.

For another example, referring to fig. 5B, in the second case, the dc conversion unit 12 includes a power switch K6, a diode VD4, a capacitor C8 and an inductor L2. One end of the inductor L2 is connected to the output end of the switching resonant converting unit 11 to receive the first positive voltage + Vo1. The other end of the inductor L2 is connected to the drain of the power switch K6 and the anode of the diode VD4, and the source of the power switch K6 is connected to the output end of the switch resonance converting unit 11 and one end of the capacitor C8. The cathode of the diode VD4 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C8. The other end of the capacitor C8 serves as an output end of the dc conversion unit 12 to output a second positive voltage + Vo2. It is understood that the gate of the power switch K6 is used for receiving the control signal to turn on and off under the control of the control signal. It is understood that the diode VD4 can be replaced by a power switch, and is not limited herein.

It can be understood that when the dc conversion unit 12 shown in fig. 5B is in operation, when the power switch K6 is turned on, the inductor L2 receives the first positive voltage + Vo1 output by the switching resonant conversion unit 11 and stores energy. When the power switch K6 is turned off, the first positive voltage + Vo1 supplies power to the capacitor C8 through the diode VD4, and at the same time, the inductor L2 also discharges the previously stored energy to the capacitor C8 through the diode VD 4. Therefore, the dc conversion unit 12 can realize a boosting function. Where, + Vo2= + Vo 1/(1-D). Wherein D is a switching duty ratio of the power switch K6, that is, a time period during which the power switch K6 is turned on accounts for a period of the power switch.

For another example, referring to fig. 5C, in the third case, the dc conversion unit 12 includes power switches K7 to K10, capacitors C9 and C10, and an inductor L3. The drain of the power switch K7 is connected to the output of the switching resonant converting unit 11 to receive the first positive voltage + Vo1. The source of the power switch K7 is connected to the drain of the power switch K8 and to the source of the power switch K9 via the inductor L3, and the source of the power switch K8 is connected to the output of the switch resonance converting unit 11 and to the source of the power switch K10 via the capacitor C9. The drain of the power switch K10 is connected to the source of the power switch K9, the source of the power switch K10 is connected to one end of the capacitor C10, and the other end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the drain of the power switch K9 and serves as the output end of the dc conversion unit 12 to output a second positive voltage + Vo2. It is understood that the gates of the power switches K7 to K10 are used for receiving the control signal to be turned on and off under the control of the control signal.

It can be understood that when the dc conversion unit 12 shown in fig. 5C operates, when the power switches K7 and K10 are turned on, and the power switches K9 and K8 are turned off, the inductor L3 may receive the first positive voltage + Vo1 output by the switching resonant conversion unit 11 and store energy. When the power switches K7 and K10 are turned off and the power switches K9 and K8 are turned on, the inductor may discharge the previously stored energy to the capacitor C10. Wherein, + Vo2= + Vo1 × D/(1-D). D is a switching duty ratio of the power switches K7 and K10 that are turned on simultaneously, that is, a time period during which the power switches K7 and K10 are turned on simultaneously accounts for a ratio of one period of the power switches. The dc conversion unit 12 shown in fig. 5C can implement voltage boosting/voltage reducing by adjusting the size of D.

It is understood that in the embodiment shown in fig. 5A to 5C, the polarity conversion of the voltage has been intensively performed by the switching resonant conversion unit 11 at the previous stage. Based on this, the dc conversion unit 12 only needs to boost/buck the first positive voltage + Vo1 into the second positive voltage + Vo2 without switching the voltage polarity. This is so that when the power switch in the dc conversion unit 12 is turned off, for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 5A, the voltage difference of the drain and the source of the power switch K5 at the time of turning off is smaller than the first positive voltage + Vo1, and in the embodiment shown in fig. 5B, the voltage difference of the drain and the source of the power switch K6 at the time of turning off is close to the second positive voltage + Vo2. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5C, each power switch has a drain and source voltage difference less than the first positive voltage + Vo1 when turned off. Obviously, the voltage value endured by the power switch in the dc conversion unit 12 does not exceed the input voltage value or the output voltage value. That is, the voltage value applied to the switching device in the dc conversion unit 12 is smaller than the sum of the input voltage value and the output voltage value. In this way, the power parameter of the switching device used in the dc conversion unit 12 can be reduced.

Compared with a high-power parameter switching device, the switching device with the low-power parameter has better performance, lower power loss and smaller volume. Therefore, when the dc conversion unit 12 employs a switching device with smaller power parameters, the power loss and the voltage conversion efficiency of the dc conversion unit 12 can be improved, and the power density can be increased.

In addition, since the switching device with small power parameter is smaller in cost and supply risk than the switching device with large power parameter, the cost and supply risk of the dc conversion unit 12 are also reduced.

It is understood that the voltage conversion module 1, 1a, 1B provided in the present application may include any one of the switching resonant conversion unit 11 in fig. 3A-3B, and any one of the dc conversion unit 12 in fig. 5A-5C. For example, as shown in fig. 6A, the voltage conversion module 1 includes a switching resonant conversion unit 11 in fig. 3A and a dc conversion unit 12 in fig. 5A. For another example, as shown in fig. 6B, the voltage conversion module 1a includes a switching resonance conversion unit 11 in fig. 3A and a dc conversion unit 12 in fig. 5A. For another example, as shown in fig. 6C, the voltage conversion module 1b includes a switching resonant conversion unit 11 in fig. 3A and a dc conversion unit 12 in fig. 5A.

In summary, in the voltage conversion modules 1, 1a, and 1b of the present application, the switching resonant conversion unit 11 and the dc conversion unit 12 are arranged, the switching resonant conversion unit 11 performs voltage polarity conversion in a centralized manner, the resonant unit 102 in the switching resonant conversion unit 11 obtains a negative voltage through the turned-on group of power switches, and then converts the negative voltage-Vin into the first positive voltage + Vo1. The dc conversion unit 12 may be configured to convert the output voltage of the negative dc power source 2 into a negative voltage-Vin, and may also be configured to convert the first positive voltage + Vo1 into a corresponding second positive voltage + Vo2. Based on such a design, the voltage values borne by the switching devices in the switching resonance conversion unit 11 and the switching devices in the direct current conversion unit 12 can be smaller than the sum of the input voltage value and the output voltage value. In this way, the power parameters of the switching devices used in the switching resonance converting unit 11 and the dc converting unit 12 according to the embodiment of the present application can be smaller.

When the switching resonant converting unit 11 and the dc converting unit 12 both use the switching device with smaller power parameter, the power loss of the switching device with small power parameter is smaller than the power loss of the switching device with large power parameter, and the size is smaller, so the power loss and the size of the switching resonant converting unit 11 and the at least one dc converting unit 12 can be effectively reduced. Further, since the power density can be improved due to small power loss and small size, the power density of the voltage conversion module 1 in the embodiment of the present application can be effectively improved.

In addition, the response speed of the switching device with small power parameter can be faster than the response speed of the switching device with large power parameter, so when the switching resonant converting unit 11 and the at least one dc converting unit 12 both use the switching device with smaller power parameter, the working efficiency of the switching resonant converting unit 11 and the at least one dc converting unit 12 can also be higher. Moreover, the switch resonance conversion unit 11 at the front stage can work in an open loop mode without closed loop regulation, so that the working efficiency is further improved. Therefore, the efficiency of the entire voltage conversion module 1 can be effectively improved.

Referring to fig. 2 again, the control circuit 4 is electrically connected to the switch resonant converting unit 11 and the dc converting unit 12. The control circuit 4 is configured to control a duty ratio and a switching frequency of power switches in the switching resonance converting unit 11 and the dc converting unit 12. For example, the control circuit 4 may control the switching frequency of the power switch in the switched resonant transforming unit 11 such that the power switch operates at the resonant frequency. Wherein the resonance frequency is determined by the impedance of the resonant tank (resonant tank 102 shown in fig. 3A) in the switched resonant transformation unit 11. For another example, the control circuit 4 may control a duty ratio of a power switch in the dc conversion unit 12 to adjust an output voltage value of the dc conversion unit 12.

In some embodiments, the control circuit 4 may perform open-loop control on the switch resonant converting unit 11, and the control circuit 4 may also perform open-loop or closed-loop control on the at least one dc converting unit 12. The open-loop control means that the control circuit 4 controls the duty ratio and the switching frequency of the power switch in the switching resonant conversion unit 11 or the at least one dc conversion unit 12 to be fixed, and the closed-loop control means that the control circuit 4 controls the duty ratio and the switching frequency of the power switch in the switching resonant conversion unit 11 or the at least one dc conversion unit 12 to dynamically change so as to adjust the output voltage of the switching resonant conversion unit 11 or the at least one dc conversion unit 12.

Illustratively, when the control circuit 4 controls the switching resonant converting unit 11 in an open loop manner, the control circuit 4 may control the switching duty ratio of the switching device in the switching resonant converting unit 11 to be fixed, so that the switching resonant converting unit 11 outputs the voltage value of the fixed first positive voltage + Vo1. For example, the control circuit 4 may control the duty ratio of the switching device in the switching resonant conversion unit 11 to be fixed at about 50% so that the voltage value of the first positive voltage + Vo1 output by the switching resonant conversion unit 11 is equal to the voltage value of the input voltage thereof.

When the control circuit 4 controls the dc conversion unit 12 in a closed-loop manner, the control circuit 4 may dynamically adjust a switching duty cycle or a switching frequency of a switching device in the dc conversion unit 12 according to the voltage output by the dc conversion unit 12, so as to adjust the voltage value of the second positive voltage + Vo2 output by the dc conversion unit 12 to reach a preset voltage value. In this way, the output voltage of the dc conversion unit 12 can be stabilized, and more reliable power supply can be realized.

It will be appreciated that as described above, the switching resonant conversion unit 11 of the switching resonant conversion unit 11 operates in an open loop without the need for closed loop regulation. Therefore, the operation efficiency of the entire voltage conversion module 1 can be improved.

It will be appreciated that the control circuit 4 may be a general purpose Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of programs according to the above schemes.

It is understood that the control circuit 4 may generate the control signal based on a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) mode, a Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) mode, or a mixed mode of the PWM and the PFM to drive the switching devices in the switching resonant converting unit 11 and the dc converting unit 12 to be turned on or off. For example, the switching devices in the switching resonance converting unit 11 and the dc converting unit 12 are turned on when receiving a high level in the control signal and turned off when receiving a low level in the control signal.

The operation waveform diagram of the resonant unit 102 will be described by taking the first power switch K1 shown in fig. 3A as an example.

Referring to fig. 7, a waveform diagram of the current, the voltage and the control signal of the first power switch K1 is shown.

As shown in fig. 7, at time t1, the voltage of the first power switch K1 is zero, the control signal is at a high level, and the first power switch K1 is turned on, so that zero-voltage conduction is realized.

During the time t1-t2 when the first power switch K1 is turned on, the current of the first power switch K1 resonates.

At the time t2, after the current of the first power switch K1 resonates to zero, the control signal changes to a low level, and the first power switch K1 is turned off, so that zero current turn-off is realized.

Thus, the first power Switch K1 can implement Zero Voltage Switch (ZVS) and Zero Current Switch (ZCS), which can reduce the switching loss of the power Switch, improve the switching frequency of the power Switch, improve the Voltage conversion efficiency, and further improve the working efficiency and power density of the switching resonance converting unit 11.

It can be understood that the embodiment of the application also provides a power supply system.

Please refer to fig. 8, which is a schematic diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 8, the power supply system 100 includes a negative dc power supply 2 and a voltage conversion module 1d.

The voltage conversion module 1d is electrically connected to the negative dc power supply 2 and the load 3, and the voltage conversion module 1d is configured to convert the negative voltage-Vin provided by the negative dc power supply 2 into a power supply voltage + Vo2 required by the load 3.

It is understood that the negative DC power source 2 may be an Alternating Current/Direct Current (AC/DC) conversion circuit, and may convert AC power (e.g. 220V commercial power) into negative DC power. The negative dc power supply 2 may also be a Battery (Battery), and is not limited herein.

It can be understood that the voltage conversion module 1d may be the voltage conversion modules 1, 1a, and 1B, and specifically refer to the description of fig. 1 and fig. 4A to 4B, which are not described herein again.

In some embodiments, the negative DC power supply 2 may output the negative DC power through a direct-current common-mode (DC-C) or a direct-current isolation (DC-I) circuit. The voltage conversion module 1d may be a power module, such as a power converter. The load 3 may be a power amplifier, a tertiary power supply, etc.

It can be appreciated that embodiments of the present application also provide a base station.

Please refer to fig. 9, which is a schematic diagram of a base station 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 9, the base station 200 includes a Radio frequency Unit (RRU) 5, a baseband Unit (BBU) 6, an antenna 7, a feeder 8, and a power supply system 100a.

The radio frequency unit 5 is in communication connection with the baseband unit 6 through an optical fiber, and the radio frequency unit 5 is connected with the antenna 7 through a feeder 8. It can be understood that the radio frequency unit 5 can receive the digital signal and the control information from the baseband unit 6, the radio frequency unit 5 modulates the digital signal into a radio frequency signal and amplifies the radio frequency signal, then transmits the amplified radio frequency signal to the antenna 7 through the feeder 8, and the antenna 7 then transmits the radio frequency signal. The rf unit 5 may further receive an rf signal from the antenna 7 through the feeder 8, demodulate the rf signal, and transmit the demodulated signal to the baseband unit 6, and the baseband unit 6 processes the demodulated signal returned by the baseband unit 6.

The power supply system 100a is connected to the radio frequency unit 5 and/or the baseband unit 6 through a cable, the radio frequency unit 5 and/or the baseband unit 6 serve as a load of the power supply system 100a, and the power supply system 100a can provide a corresponding power supply voltage for the radio frequency unit 5 and/or the baseband unit 6.

It is understood that the power supply system 100a may be the power supply system 100 shown in fig. 8.

It is understood that the installation position of the power supply system 100a may be the same as the radio frequency unit 5 or the baseband unit 6, and is not limited in detail herein, and may be set according to the needs of the application scenario. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 9, the base station 200 is a distributed base station. Wherein, the radio frequency unit 5, the antenna 7 and the feeder line 8 can be arranged on the tower top of the tower body 9. Of course, the radio unit 5, the antenna 7 and the feeder line 8 may be installed on a mountain, a roof or other high place. The power supply system 100a and the base band unit 6 are installed at the tower bottom of the tower body 9 or in a remote machine room.

For example, when the tower body 9 is provided with the rf unit 5, and the rf unit 5 includes 4 power amplifier circuits with different frequency bands, so that a power supply voltage of 12V, 28V, 50V and 65V is required, the power supply system 100a may convert the negative voltage-Vin (e.g., -48V dc voltage, and the allowable fluctuation range is-36V to-63V) provided by the negative dc power source 2 into a first positive voltage + Vo1 (e.g., +48V dc voltage), and then convert the first positive voltage + Vo1 into a plurality of second positive voltages + Vo2, which are 12V, 28V, 50V and 65V, respectively. The plurality of second positive voltages + Vo2 may be respectively transmitted to the power amplifier circuits corresponding to the radio frequency units 5 through the cables. After the power amplifier circuit of the radio frequency unit 5 obtains the power supply voltage, the power supply can be powered on to work normally.

It can be appreciated that embodiments of the present application also provide a radio frequency module.

Referring to fig. 10, the rf module 300 may include a voltage conversion module 1e and an rf unit 5a. The voltage conversion module 1e is electrically connected to the rf unit 5a to supply power to the rf unit 5a.

It is understood that the structure and operation of the radio unit 5a can refer to the description of the radio unit 5 in the base station 200 shown in fig. 9, and are not described herein again.

It can be understood that the voltage conversion module 1e may be the voltage conversion modules 1, 1a, and 1B, and specifically refer to the description of fig. 1 and fig. 4A to 4B, which are not described herein again.

It can be understood that embodiments of the present application also provide a baseband module.

Referring to fig. 11, the baseband module 400 may include a voltage conversion module 1f and a baseband unit 6a. The voltage conversion module 1f is electrically connected to the baseband unit 6a to supply power to the baseband unit 6a.

It can be understood that the operation process of the baseband unit 6a can refer to the description of the baseband unit 6 in the base station shown in fig. 9, and is not described herein again.

It can be understood that the voltage conversion module 1f may be the voltage conversion modules 1, 1a, and 1B, and specifically refer to the description of fig. 1 and fig. 4A to 4B, which are not repeated herein.

All functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be separately regarded as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of hardware plus a software functional unit.

The integrated unit described above in the present application may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if it is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a separate product. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may be essentially implemented or portions thereof contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, and including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a removable storage device, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic or optical disk, or various other media that can store program code.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present application and are not used as limitations of the present application, and that suitable modifications and changes of the above embodiments are within the scope of the claims of the present application as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims (11)

1. A voltage conversion module, characterized in that the voltage conversion module comprises:

the resonant unit comprises a switch unit and a resonant unit, the resonant unit is electrically connected with the switch unit and is used for being matched with the switch unit to receive a first voltage and convert the first voltage into a second voltage, and the first voltage and the second voltage are opposite in electrical property;

the switching unit comprises a power switch, the switching duty ratio of the power switch is fixed, and the switching frequency of the power switch is determined according to the resonant frequency of the resonant unit.

2. The voltage conversion module according to claim 1, wherein the switching unit includes a first power switch, a second power switch, a third power switch, and a fourth power switch, the first power switch, the second power switch, the third power switch, and the fourth power switch are sequentially connected in series, and the resonant unit is connected in parallel with the second power switch and the third power switch that are connected in series;

an intermediate node between the second power switch and the third power switch and one end of the fourth power switch are used for receiving the first voltage, and one end of the first power switch is used for outputting the second voltage;

the first power switch and the third power switch form one of two groups of power switches, the second power switch and the fourth power switch form the other of the two groups of power switches, the resonance unit is used for acquiring the first voltage and charging through the conducted second power switch and the conducted fourth power switch, and the resonance unit is also used for discharging through the conducted first power switch and the conducted third power switch.

3. The voltage conversion module of claim 1, wherein the switching unit comprises a first power switch, a second power switch, a third power switch, and a fourth power switch, the first power switch, the second power switch, the third power switch, and the fourth power switch are sequentially connected in series, the resonant unit comprises a resonant capacitor and a resonant inductor, the resonant capacitor is connected in parallel with the second power switch and the third power switch after being connected in series, and the resonant inductor is connected to an intermediate node of the second power switch and the third power switch;

a middle node between the second power switch and the third power switch and one end of the fourth power switch are used for receiving the first voltage, and one end of the first power switch is used for outputting the second voltage;

the first power switch and the third power switch form one of two groups of power switches, the second power switch and the fourth power switch form the other of the two groups of power switches, the resonance unit is used for acquiring the first voltage and charging through the conducted second power switch and the conducted fourth power switch, and the resonance unit is also used for discharging through the conducted first power switch and the conducted third power switch.

4. A voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a dc conversion unit electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonant unit and a load for converting the second voltage to a third voltage for powering the load.

5. A voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a dc conversion unit electrically connected between the switched-capacitor resonance unit and a dc power supply for converting an output voltage of the dc power supply into the first voltage to power the switched-capacitor resonance unit.

6. A voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising two dc conversion units, one of which is electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonance unit and a load for converting the second voltage into a third voltage for powering the load;

the other one of the two direct current conversion units is electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonance unit and the direct current power supply, and is used for converting the output voltage of the direct current power supply into the first voltage so as to supply power to the switched capacitor resonance unit.

7. The voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a control circuit electrically connected to the power switch for controlling the switching duty ratio of the power switch to be fixed and controlling the switching frequency of the power switch according to the resonant frequency of the resonant unit.

8. The voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 4 to 6, further comprising a control circuit electrically connected to the DC conversion unit for regulating an output voltage of the DC conversion unit.

9. The voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the direct current conversion unit comprises at least one of a BOOST circuit, a BUCK circuit, and a BUCK-BOOST circuit.

10. A power supply system, characterized in that it comprises a direct current power supply and a voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, electrically connected to said direct current power supply for obtaining said first voltage from said direct current power supply.

11. A base station, characterized in that the base station comprises a power supply system according to claim 10.

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