CN115700977A - Voltage conversion module, power supply system and base station - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application provides a voltage conversion module, a power supply system, and a base station, including: a switched capacitor resonant unit, including a switch unit and a resonant unit, the resonant unit and the switch unit are electrically connected to cooperate with the switch unit to receive the first voltage, and The first voltage is converted into a second voltage, and the first voltage is electrically opposite to the second voltage. Wherein, the switching unit includes a power switch, the switching duty cycle of the power switch is fixed, and the switching frequency of the power switch is determined according to the resonance frequency of the resonance unit. The present application also provides a power supply system and a base station. Therefore, the voltage conversion module, power supply system and base station provided by the present application can control the duty ratio of the power switch to be fixed, and determine the switching frequency of the power switch according to the resonance frequency of the resonance unit, so that the current flowing through the resonance unit can resonate to Zero, so as to realize the zero current turn-off of the power switch and reduce the switching loss of the power switch.

Description

Voltage conversion module, power supply system and base station

technical field

The present application relates to the field of circuit technology, and in particular to a voltage conversion module, a power supply system and a base station.

Background technique

With the rapid development of wireless communication, especially the arrival of the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G), 5G base stations are more and more widely used. Currently, non-isolated DC/DC converters are usually used to power 5G base stations. However, the power switch tube in the non-isolated DC/DC converter cannot realize zero-current turn-off, resulting in large switching loss of the power switch tube, so the switching frequency of the power switch tube is low, and the power loss is large.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the present application provides a voltage conversion module, a power supply system and a base station, which can realize zero-current shutdown of a power switch, thereby reducing switching loss.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a voltage conversion module, the voltage conversion module includes: a switched capacitor resonant unit, including a switch unit and a resonant unit, the resonant unit is electrically connected to the switch unit, and is used to cooperate with the switch unit to receive the first voltage , and convert the first voltage into a second voltage, the first voltage is electrically opposite to the second voltage. Wherein, the switching unit includes a power switch, the switching duty cycle of the power switch is fixed, and the switching frequency of the power switch is determined according to the resonance frequency of the resonance unit. The voltage conversion module provided by this application can control the duty cycle of the power switch to be fixed, and determine the switching frequency of the power switch according to the resonant frequency of the resonant unit, so that the current flowing through the resonant unit can resonate to zero, thereby realizing the zero of the power switch. The current is turned off, reducing the switching loss of the power switch.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the switch unit includes a first power switch, a second power switch, a third power switch, and a fourth power switch, the first power switch, the second power switch, the third power The switch and the fourth power switch are connected in series in sequence, and the resonant unit is connected in parallel with the second power switch and the third power switch connected in series. An intermediate node between the second power switch and the third power switch and one end of the fourth power switch are used to receive the first voltage, and one end of the first power switch is used to output the second voltage. The first power switch and the third power switch constitute one of the two groups of power switches, the second power switch and the fourth power switch constitute the other group of the two groups of power switches, and the resonant unit is used for passing the second The power switch and the fourth power switch obtain and charge the first voltage, and the resonant unit is also used for discharging through the turned-on first power switch and the third power switch. In the voltage conversion module provided by the present application, the switching unit includes four power switches, and the four power switches form two groups. The group discharges, thereby converting the first voltage to an electrically opposite second voltage.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the switch unit includes a first power switch, a second power switch, a third power switch, and a fourth power switch, the first power switch, the second power switch, the third power The switch and the fourth power switch are connected in series in sequence, the resonant unit includes a resonant capacitor and a resonant inductance, the resonant capacitor is connected in parallel with the second power switch and the third power switch connected in series, and the resonant inductor is connected to the second power switch and the third power switch. middle node. An intermediate node between the second power switch and the third power switch and one end of the fourth power switch are used to receive the first voltage, and one end of the first power switch is used to output the second voltage. The first power switch and the third power switch constitute one of the two groups of power switches, the second power switch and the fourth power switch constitute the other group of the two groups of power switches, and the resonant unit is used for passing the second The power switch and the fourth power switch obtain and charge the first voltage, and the resonant unit is also used for discharging through the turned-on first power switch and the third power switch.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the voltage conversion module further includes a DC conversion unit, the DC conversion unit is electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonance unit and the load, and is used to convert the second voltage into a third voltage, to supply power to the load. In the voltage conversion module provided by this application, the DC conversion unit is connected between the switched capacitor resonant unit and the load, and can convert the second voltage into a power supply voltage suitable for the load, so that the output of the DC conversion unit can be adjusted according to the power supply voltage requirements of the load The third voltage to supply power to different loads.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the voltage conversion module further includes a DC conversion unit, and the DC conversion unit is electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonant unit and the DC power supply, and is used to convert the output voltage of the DC power supply into the first A voltage to power the switched capacitor resonant unit.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the voltage conversion module further includes two DC conversion units, one of the two DC conversion units is electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonant unit and the load, and is used to convert the second The voltage is converted into a third voltage to supply power to the load. The other of the two DC conversion units is electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonance unit and the DC power supply, and is used for converting the output voltage of the DC power supply into a first voltage to supply power to the switched capacitor resonance unit.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the voltage conversion module further includes a control circuit, the control circuit is electrically connected to the power switch, and the duty ratio of the switch used to control the power switch is fixed, and the power is controlled according to the resonance frequency of the resonance unit. switching frequency of the switch. In the voltage conversion module provided by this application, the control circuit can control the switching frequency and duty cycle of the power switch tube in the switch unit, the control circuit can control the duty cycle of the switch unit to be fixed, and control the switching unit in the switch unit according to the resonance frequency of the resonance unit. The switching frequency of the power switch tube is such that the current flowing through the resonance unit resonates to zero, thereby realizing zero-current shutdown of the power switch.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the voltage conversion module further includes a control circuit, and the control circuit is electrically connected to the DC conversion unit for adjusting the output voltage of the DC conversion unit. In the voltage conversion module provided in the present application, the control circuit can adjust the output voltage of the DC conversion unit according to the power supply voltage of the load, so that the input voltage of the load matches the power supply voltage of the load.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the DC conversion unit includes at least one of a BOOST circuit, a BUCK circuit, and a BUCK-BOOST circuit.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a power supply system. The power supply system includes the voltage conversion module provided in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect above. The voltage conversion module is electrically connected to the DC power supply, and is used to obtain the first voltage from the DC power supply.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a base station. The base station includes the power supply system provided in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect above.

In addition, for the technical effects brought about by any one of the possible implementations from the second aspect to the third aspect, refer to the technical effects brought about by different implementations in the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a resonant BUCK-BOOST circuit.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a voltage conversion module provided by the present application.

FIG. 3A is a circuit diagram of a switch resonant conversion unit.

FIG. 3B is another circuit diagram of the switch resonant conversion unit.

FIG. 4A is a structural diagram of a voltage conversion module provided in the present application.

FIG. 4B is another structural diagram of the voltage conversion module provided by the present application.

FIG. 5A is a circuit diagram of a DC conversion unit provided in the present application.

FIG. 5B is another circuit diagram of the DC conversion unit provided by the present application.

FIG. 5C is another circuit diagram of the DC conversion unit provided by the present application.

FIG. 6A is a circuit diagram of a voltage conversion module provided by the present application.

FIG. 6B is another circuit diagram of the voltage conversion module provided by the present application.

FIG. 6C is another circuit diagram of the voltage conversion module provided by the present application.

FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of the current, voltage and control signal of the first power switch provided by the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the power supply system provided by the present application.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a base station provided in the present application.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency module provided by the present application.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a baseband module provided by the present application.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

It can be understood that the connection relationship described in this application refers to direct or indirect connection. For example, the connection between A and B may be a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through one or more other electrical components. For example, A and C may be directly connected, and C and B are directly connected, so that A and B are connected through C. It can also be understood that "A is connected to B" described in this application may mean that A and B are directly connected, or A and B may be indirectly connected through one or more other electrical components.

In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "/" means "or", for example, A/B may mean A or B. The "and/or" in this article is just an association relationship describing associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone These three situations.

In the description of this application, words such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects, and do not limit the number and execution order, and words such as "first" and "second" do not limit It must be different. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.

The technical solution of the present application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

With the rapid development of wireless communication, especially the arrival of the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G), 5G base stations are more and more widely used. At present, non-isolated voltage conversion modules are usually used to power 5G base stations. Non-isolated voltage conversion modules usually include a resonant buck-boost circuit, as shown in Figure 1. Wherein, multiple power switch tubes (for example, power switch tubes S1-S4 in FIG. 1 ) in the resonant BUCK-BOOST circuit are controlled by the control signal D1 or the control signal D2, and by dynamically adjusting the duty ratio and frequency of the control signal, To adjust the output voltage of the resonant BUCK-BOOST circuit. However, due to the constant change of the duty cycle and frequency of the control signal, the resonant BUCK-BOOST circuit cannot work in the resonant state, so multiple power switch tubes cannot be turned off at zero current, resulting in large switching losses of the power switch tubes and high power consumption. The switching frequency of the switching tube is low, and the power loss is relatively large. Therefore, the present application provides a voltage conversion module, a power supply system and related equipment, which can realize the zero-current shutdown of the power switch tube, reduce the switching loss of the power switch tube, increase the switching frequency of the power switch tube, reduce the power loss, and simultaneously realize Diversified output voltage regulation.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which shows a schematic diagram of the voltage conversion module 1 provided by the present application.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the voltage conversion module 1 is electrically connected between a negative DC power source 2 and a load 3 . The negative DC power supply 2 is used to provide a negative DC voltage to supply power to the voltage conversion module 1 . Wherein, the negative DC power supply 2 may be an AC/DC (Alternating Current/Direct Current, AC/DC) conversion circuit, which can convert AC power into negative DC power. Alternatively, the negative DC power source 2 can also be a battery (Battery, BATT).

The voltage conversion module 1 is used to convert the output voltage of the negative DC power supply 2 to supply power to the load 3 . In one embodiment, the voltage conversion module 1 includes a switch resonant conversion unit 11 and a DC conversion unit 12 . The DC conversion unit 12 is electrically connected between the switch resonant conversion unit 11 and the load 3 . Wherein, the switch resonant conversion unit 11 is used for converting an input negative voltage (eg -Vin) into a positive voltage (eg first positive voltage +Vo1 ). The DC conversion unit 12 is used to convert the positive voltage (for example, the first positive voltage +Vo1 ), for example, into a second positive voltage +Vo2 , so as to supply power to the load 3 .

Please refer to FIG. 3A . FIG. 3A is a circuit diagram of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 .

As shown in FIG. 3A , the switched resonant conversion unit 11 includes a switch unit 101 and a resonant unit 102 . Wherein, the switch unit 101 includes a plurality of power switches. It can be understood that each power switch may adopt a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), an insulated gate bipolar transistor (insulated gate bipolar transistor, IGBT), and a plurality of MOSFETs Parallel or series switching circuits, multiple IGBTs connected in parallel or in series, switching circuits composed of MOSFETs and reversed diodes in parallel, or switching circuits composed of IGBTs and diodes in parallel, are not mentioned here. Be specific.

It can be understood that the switch unit 101 cooperates with the resonant unit 102 to receive the first voltage (for example -Vin) and convert the first voltage into a second voltage (for example the first positive voltage +Vo1). Obviously, the first voltage and The electrical property of the second voltage is opposite.

Specifically, the power switch is illustrated by taking a parallel connection of a MOSFET and a reversely connected diode as an example.

As shown in FIG. 3A , the switch unit 101 includes four power switches, such as a first power switch K1 , a second power switch K2 , a third power switch K3 and a fourth power switch K4 . The first power switch K1 , the second power switch K2 , the third power switch K3 and the fourth power switch K4 are connected in series in sequence. Specifically, the source of the first power switch K1 is connected to the drain of the second power switch K2. The source of the second power switch K2 is connected to the drain of the third power switch K3. The source of the third power switch K3 is connected to the drain of the fourth power switch K4. The intermediate node J1 between the second power switch K2 and the third power switch K3 and the source of the fourth power switch K4 are used to connect to the negative DC power supply 2 to obtain the negative voltage -Vin. Wherein, the negative voltage -Vin may be the negative voltage output by the negative DC power supply 2 or the negative voltage output by the DC converting unit 12 . The drain of the first power switch K1 is used as the output terminal of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 to output the first positive voltage +Vo1.

It can be understood that the four power switches, that is, the gates of the first to fourth power switches K1-K4 are used to connect to the control circuit 4 (refer to FIG. 2) for receiving the control signal, so as to conduct under the control of the control signal and deadline. That is, the on-state and off-state of the first to fourth power switches K1-K4 are configurable. Wherein, it can be understood that the on-off state of the power switch refers to the on-off state of the switching device in the power switch.

The resonant unit 102 is connected in parallel with the second power switch K2 and the third power switch K3 which are connected in series. Wherein, as shown in FIG. 3A , in some embodiments, the resonant unit 102 includes a resonant capacitor Cr and a resonant inductor Lr. The resonant capacitor Cr and the resonant inductance Lr are connected in series, one end of the resonant capacitor Cr is connected to the intermediate node between the first power switch K1 and the second power switch K2, and one end of the resonant inductance Lr is electrically connected to the third power switch K3 and the fourth power switch K4 the middle node.

In some embodiments, the switch resonant conversion unit 11 further includes a first capacitor unit 103 and a second capacitor unit 104 . Wherein, both ends of the first capacitor unit 103 are respectively connected to the output terminal of the switch unit 101 (that is, the drain of the first power switch K1) and the intermediate node J1 between the second power switch K2 and the third power switch K3 (that is, the second between the source of the power switch K2 and the drain of the third power switch K3). Both ends of the second capacitor unit 104 are respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the negative DC power supply 2 .

It can be understood that both the first capacitor unit 103 and the second capacitor unit 104 may include at least one capacitor, or may include at least one capacitor and at least one resistor connected thereto, which are not specifically limited here. For example, in FIG. 3A , the first capacitor unit 103 includes a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 connected in series, and the second capacitor unit 104 includes a resistor R2 and a capacitor C2 connected in series. Both the first capacitor unit 103 and the second capacitor unit 104 have a filtering function, wherein the first capacitor unit 103 is used for filtering the first positive voltage +Vo1. The second capacitor unit 104 is used for filtering the negative voltage -Vin.

It can be understood that the switch unit 101 and the resonant unit 102 may constitute a non-isolated resonant switched capacitor circuit. That is, the switch unit 101 can control charging and discharging of the resonance unit 102 .

Specifically, when the switched resonant conversion unit 11 is working, the first power switch K1 and the third power switch K3 form a group of power switches, and the second power switch K2 and the fourth power switch K4 form another group of power switches. Wherein, the on-off states of the power switches in the same group are the same, and the on-off states of the power switches in different groups are opposite. For example, the on-off states of the first power switch K1 and the third power switch K3 in the same group are the same, but opposite to those of the second power switch K2 and the fourth power switch K4 in another group.

For example, in the first time period, the first power switch K1 and the third power switch K3 are turned off, and the second power switch K2 and the fourth power switch K4 are turned on. At this time, the second power switch K2, the resonant unit 102, the fourth power switch K4 and the circuit of the previous stage form a loop. Wherein, the circuit at the previous stage may be the DC conversion unit 12 or the negative DC power supply 2 . Based on this, the resonant unit 102 can receive and charge the negative voltage -Vin. During this process, current flows through the first capacitor unit 103 , therefore, the first capacitor unit 103 generates and outputs a first positive voltage +Vo1 .

For another example, in the second time period, the first power switch K1 and the third power switch K3 are turned on, and the second power switch K2 and the fourth power switch K4 are turned off. At this time, the first power switch K1, the resonant unit 102, the third power switch K3 and the output end are connected to form a loop. Based on this, the resonant unit 102 can discharge to the output terminal to maintain the first positive voltage +Vo1 at the output terminal.

In the embodiment of the present application, multiple power switches may use switching devices with consistent internal parameters to reduce impurity inductance and distributed capacitance.

In the embodiment of the present application, the switching duty cycle of the multiple power switches is fixed, and the switching frequency of the multiple power switches is determined according to the resonance frequency of the resonance unit 102 .

Specifically, if the power switches in the switch unit 101 (such as the first power switch K1, the second power switch K2, the third power switch K3 and the fourth power switch K4) need to be turned off with zero current, it is necessary to ensure that the resonant unit The current in 102 can resonate to zero. That is, the total impedance of the resonant unit 102 needs to be purely resistive, the working frequency of the resonant unit 102 is the resonant frequency, and the switching duty ratio of the power switch is fixed. Wherein, the operating frequency of the resonant unit 102 is determined by the switching frequency of the power switch in the switch unit 101 , and the resonant frequency is determined by the total impedance of the resonant capacitor Cr and the resonant inductance Lr in the resonant unit 102 . Therefore, by controlling the switching frequency of the power switch in the switching unit 101, the operating frequency of the resonance unit 102 can be made to be the resonance frequency. At the same time, the switching duty ratio of the power switch in the switching unit 101 can also be controlled, so that the switching duty ratio is constant. In this way, the switching loss of the power switch can be reduced, the switching frequency of the power switch can be increased, the voltage conversion efficiency can be improved, and the working efficiency and power density of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 can be further improved. Since the switching frequency of the power switch is increased, the volume and manufacturing cost of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 are also reduced accordingly.

In addition, since the resonant frequency of the resonant unit 102 is only related to the material properties of the resonant capacitor Cr and the resonant inductor Lr, by changing the capacitive reactance of the resonant capacitor Cr, the inductive reactance of the resonant inductor Lr is also Change accordingly. When the inductance of the resonant inductor Lr is less than the preset threshold, the resonant inductor Lr can be replaced by copper clad on a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB), thereby further simplifying the circuit structure and reducing power dissipation.

It can be understood that the power switches of the switching unit 101 can be divided into two groups, and the two groups of power switches are turned on and off alternately, which is equivalent to two switching power supplies outputting power at the same time, which also makes the output power of the switching resonant conversion unit 11 large. ,high working efficiency.

It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the specific circuit of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 is not limited, as long as the switch resonant conversion unit 11 can realize the voltage polarity conversion of the acquired negative voltage -Vin. For example, referring to FIG. 3B , in a possible implementation manner, the switched resonant conversion unit 11 may also use another non-isolated resonant switched capacitor circuit.

As shown in FIG. 3B , the switched resonant conversion unit 11 includes a switch unit 101 , a resonant unit 102 a , a first capacitor unit 103 and a second capacitor unit 104 . The switch resonant conversion unit 11 in FIG. 3B is similar to the circuit structure and working principle of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 in FIG. 3A, and the difference is that the circuit connection relationship of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 in FIG. 11 have different circuit connections. In FIG. 3B, the resonant unit 102a includes a resonant capacitor Cr and a resonant inductance Lr, wherein one end of the resonant capacitor Cr is connected to the middle node between the first power switch K1 and the second power switch K2, and the other end of the resonant capacitor Cr is connected to the first power switch K1. The middle node of the third power switch K3 and the fourth power switch K4. One end of the resonant inductor Lr is connected to the middle node J1 of the second power switch K2 and the third power switch K3 , and the other end of the resonant inductor Lr is connected to the output end of the switch unit 101 through the first capacitor unit 103 .

Please refer to FIG. 4A . FIG. 4A shows a structural diagram of a voltage conversion module 1a provided by the present application.

As shown in FIG. 4A , the voltage conversion module 1 a is electrically connected between the negative DC power source 2 and the load 3 . The voltage conversion module 1 a is used to convert the output voltage of the negative DC power supply 2 to supply power to the load 3 . The voltage conversion module 1a includes a switch resonant conversion unit 11 and a DC conversion unit 12a. The difference between the voltage conversion module 1a in FIG. 4A and the voltage conversion module 1 in FIG. 1 is that the electrical connection relationship between the DC conversion unit 12a, the negative DC power supply 2 and the switch resonant conversion unit 11 is different. Wherein, in FIG. 4A , the DC conversion unit 12 a is electrically connected between the switched resonant conversion unit 11 and the negative DC power supply 2 . The DC conversion unit 12 a is used to convert the output voltage of the negative DC power supply 2 to supply power to the switched resonant conversion unit 11 .

It can be understood that the switch resonant conversion unit 11 in FIG. 4A may have the circuit structure shown in FIG. 3A or the circuit structure shown in FIG. 3B , which is not specifically limited here.

Please refer to FIG. 4B . FIG. 4B shows a structural diagram of the voltage conversion module 1b provided by the present application.

As shown in FIG. 4B , the voltage conversion module 1 b is electrically connected between the negative DC power source 2 and the load 3 . The voltage conversion module ba is used to convert the output voltage of the negative DC power supply 2 to supply power to the load 3 . The voltage conversion module 1b includes a switch resonant conversion unit 11 and a DC conversion unit 12b. Among them, the difference between the voltage conversion module 1b in FIG. 4B and the voltage conversion module 1 in FIG. 1 is that the number of DC conversion units 12b is two, and one of the DC conversion units 12b is electrically connected to the switch resonant conversion unit 11 and the negative DC power supply 2, used to convert the output voltage of the negative DC power supply 2 to supply power to the switch resonant conversion unit 11. Another DC conversion unit 12 is electrically connected between the switch resonant conversion unit 11 and the load 3 for converting the output voltage of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 to supply power to the load 3 .

It can be understood that the switch resonant conversion unit 11 in FIG. 4B may have the circuit structure shown in FIG. 3A or the circuit structure shown in FIG. 3B , which is not specifically limited here.

It can be understood that the present application does not limit the specific circuits of the DC conversion units 12, 12a, 12b, as long as the DC conversion units 12, 12a, 12b can realize step-up and/or step-down. For the convenience of description, the DC conversion unit 12 in FIG. 1 is taken as an example for illustration.

For example, the DC conversion unit 12 may adopt a boost (BOOST) circuit capable of realizing a boost function, a buck (BUCK) circuit capable of realizing a step-down function, or a step-down-boost function without converting voltage polarity Buck-boost (BUCK-BOOST) circuit. Of course, the DC conversion unit 12 may also be a combination of the above circuits. For example, the DC conversion unit 12 may be a combination of a BUCK circuit and a BOOST circuit, a combination of a BUCK circuit and a BUCK-BOOST circuit, or a combination of a BUCK circuit, a BOOST circuit and a BUCK-BOOST circuit, etc. There is no specific limit to the application.

For example, referring to FIG. 5A , in the first case, the DC conversion unit 12 includes a power switch K5 , a diode VD3 , a capacitor C7 and an inductor L1 .

It can be understood that the power switch K5 in the DC conversion unit 12 can adopt MOSFET, IGBT, a switch circuit formed by connecting multiple MOSFETs in parallel or in series, a switch circuit formed by connecting multiple IGBTs in parallel or in series, or a switch circuit formed by connecting MOSFETs and reversely connected diodes. The switch circuit formed by parallel connection, or the switch circuit formed by parallel connection of IGBT and diode is not specifically limited here. In the following, for convenience of description, the power switch K5 is described as an example in which the power switch K5 is a switching circuit formed by parallel connection of a MOSFET and a reversely connected diode.

In FIG. 5A , the drain of the power switch K5 is connected to the output terminal of the switching resonant conversion unit 11 for receiving the first positive voltage +Vo1 . The source of the power switch K5 is connected to the cathode of the diode VD3 and one end of the inductor L1. The anode of the diode VD3 is connected to the output terminal of the switching resonant conversion unit 11 and one terminal of the capacitor C7. The other end of the capacitor C7 is connected to the other end of the inductor L1, and serves as the output end of the DC conversion unit 12 to output the second positive voltage +Vo2. It can be understood that the gate of the power switch K5 is used to receive the control signal, so as to be turned on and off under the control of the control signal. It can be understood that the diode VD3 can also be replaced by a power switch, which is not specifically limited here.

It can be understood that when the DC conversion unit 12 shown in FIG. 5A is working, when the power switch K5 is turned on, both the capacitor C7 and the inductor L1 are powered. Wherein, the inductor L1 receives the first positive voltage +Vo1 output by the switch resonant conversion unit 11 through the power switch K5 and stores energy. When the power switch K5 is turned off, the inductor L1 releases the stored energy to the capacitor C7 to supply power to the capacitor C7. Since the power supplied by the inductor L1 will gradually decrease, the DC conversion unit 12 can realize the step-down function. Among them, +Vo2=+Vo1*D. D is the switching duty ratio of the power switch K5, that is, the ratio of the conduction time of the power switch K5 to one cycle of the power switch.

For another example, please refer to FIG. 5B , in the second case, the DC conversion unit 12 includes a power switch K6 , a diode VD4 , a capacitor C8 and an inductor L2 . Wherein, one end of the inductor L2 is connected to the output end of the switching resonant conversion unit 11 to receive the first positive voltage +Vo1. The other end of the inductor L2 is connected to the drain of the power switch K6 and the anode of the diode VD4 , and the source of the power switch K6 is connected to the output end of the switching resonant conversion unit 11 and one end of the capacitor C8 . The cathode of the diode VD4 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C8. The other end of the capacitor C8 is used as the output end of the DC converting unit 12 to output the second positive voltage +Vo2. It can be understood that the gate of the power switch K6 is used to receive the control signal, so as to be turned on and off under the control of the control signal. It can be understood that the diode VD4 can also be replaced by a power switch, which is not specifically limited here.

It can be understood that when the DC conversion unit 12 shown in FIG. 5B is working, when the power switch K6 is turned on, the inductor L2 receives the first positive voltage +Vo1 output by the switched resonant conversion unit 11 and stores energy. When the power switch K6 is turned off, the first positive voltage +Vo1 supplies power to the capacitor C8 through the diode VD4, and at the same time, the inductor L2 also releases the stored energy to the capacitor C8 through the diode VD4. Therefore, the DC conversion unit 12 can realize the voltage boosting function. Wherein, +Vo2=+Vo1/(1-D). Wherein, D is the switching duty cycle of the power switch K6, that is, the ratio of the conduction time of the power switch K6 to one cycle of the power switch.

For another example, please refer to FIG. 5C , in the third case, the DC conversion unit 12 includes power switches K7 - K10 , capacitors C9 , C10 and an inductor L3 . The drain of the power switch K7 is connected to the output terminal of the switching resonant conversion unit 11 to receive the first positive voltage +Vo1. The source of the power switch K7 is connected to the drain of the power switch K8, and connected to the source of the power switch K9 through the inductor L3, and the source of the power switch K8 is connected to the output end of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 through the capacitor C9 and connected to the output terminal of the power switch K10. source. The drain of the power switch K10 is connected to the source of the power switch K9, the source of the power switch K10 is connected to one end of the capacitor C10, and the other end of the capacitor C10 is connected to the drain of the power switch K9, and is used as the output end of the DC conversion unit 12 to The second positive voltage +Vo2 is output. It can be understood that the gates of the power switches K7 - K10 are used to receive the control signal, so as to be turned on and off under the control of the control signal.

It can be understood that when the DC conversion unit 12 shown in FIG. 5C is working, when the power switches K7 and K10 are turned on, and the power switches K9 and K8 are turned off, the inductor L3 can receive the first positive voltage +Vo1 output by the switch resonant conversion unit 11 and To store energy. When the power switches K7 and K10 are turned off and the power switches K9 and K8 are turned on, the inductor can release the previously stored energy to the capacitor C10. Wherein, +Vo2=+Vo1*D/(1-D). D is the switching duty cycle of the power switches K7 and K10 that are turned on at the same time, that is, the ratio of the time duration that the power switches K7 and K10 are turned on at the same time to one cycle of the power switches. The DC conversion unit 12 shown in FIG. 5C can realize step-up/step-down by adjusting the size of D.

It can be understood that, in the embodiments shown in FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C , since the switching resonant conversion unit 11 of the previous stage has concentratedly performed voltage polarity conversion. Based on this, the DC conversion unit 12 only needs to step up/down the first positive voltage +Vo1 into the second positive voltage +Vo2 without switching the polarity of the voltage. This makes when the power switch in the DC conversion unit 12 is turned off, for example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5A , the voltage difference between the drain and the source of the power switch K5 is smaller than the first positive voltage +Vo1 , in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5B , the voltage difference between the drain and the source of the power switch K6 is close to the second positive voltage +Vo2 when the power switch K6 is turned off. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5C , the voltage difference between the drain and the source of each power switch is smaller than the first positive voltage +Vo1 when it is turned off. Obviously, the voltage value endured by the power switch in the DC conversion unit 12 does not exceed the input voltage value or the output voltage value. That is, the voltage value endured by the switching device in the DC converting unit 12 is less than the sum of the input voltage value and the output voltage value. In this way, the power parameters of the switching devices used in the DC conversion unit 12 can be reduced.

Compared with switching devices with high power parameters, switching devices with low power parameters have better performance, smaller power loss, and smaller volume. Therefore, when the DC conversion unit 12 adopts switching devices with smaller power parameters, the power loss and voltage conversion efficiency of the DC conversion unit 12 can be improved, and the power density can be increased.

In addition, since the cost and supply risk of the switching device with low power parameter is smaller than that of the switching device with high power parameter, the cost and supply risk of the DC conversion unit 12 are also reduced.

It can be understood that the voltage conversion modules 1 , 1 a , and 1 b provided in this application may include any switch resonant conversion unit 11 in FIGS. 3A-3B , and any DC conversion unit 12 in FIGS. 5A-5C . For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, the voltage conversion module 1 includes the switch resonant conversion unit 11 in FIG. 3A and the DC conversion unit 12 in FIG. 5A. For another example, as shown in FIG. 6B , the voltage conversion module 1 a includes the switch resonant conversion unit 11 in FIG. 3A and the DC conversion unit 12 in FIG. 5A . For another example, as shown in FIG. 6C , the voltage conversion module 1 b includes the switch resonant conversion unit 11 in FIG. 3A and the DC conversion unit 12 in FIG. 5A .

To sum up, the voltage conversion modules 1, 1a, and 1b of the present application are provided with a switch resonant conversion unit 11 and a DC conversion unit 12, and the switch resonant conversion unit 11 performs voltage polarity conversion in a concentrated manner, and the resonant unit 102 in the switch resonant conversion unit 11 The negative voltage is obtained through a set of turned-on power switches, and then the negative voltage -Vin is converted into the first positive voltage +Vo1. The DC conversion unit 12 can be configured to convert the output voltage of the negative DC power supply 2 into a negative voltage -Vin, and can also be configured to convert the first positive voltage +Vo1 into a corresponding second positive voltage +Vo2. Based on such a design, the voltage values borne by the switching devices in the switch resonant conversion unit 11 and the switching devices in the DC conversion unit 12 can be less than the sum of the input voltage value and the output voltage value. In this way, the power parameters of the switching devices used in the switching resonant conversion unit 11 and the DC conversion unit 12 of the embodiment of the present application can be smaller.

When switching resonant conversion unit 11 and DC conversion unit 12 both use switching devices with smaller power parameters, since the power loss of switching devices with low power parameters is smaller than that of switching devices with high power parameters, the volume is also smaller. Therefore, The power loss and volume of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 and at least one DC conversion unit 12 can be effectively reduced. Furthermore, since the power density can be improved due to the small power loss and the small size, the power density of the voltage conversion module 1 in the embodiment of the present application can be effectively improved.

In addition, the response speed of the switching device with low power parameter can be faster than the response speed of the switching device with high power parameter. Therefore, when the switching resonant conversion unit 11 and at least one DC conversion unit 12 both use switching devices with smaller power parameters, The working efficiency of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 and at least one DC conversion unit 12 can also be higher. Moreover, the switching resonant conversion unit 11 of the previous stage can work in an open loop without closed-loop adjustment, which further improves the working efficiency. Therefore, the efficiency of the entire voltage conversion module 1 can be effectively improved.

Please refer to FIG. 2 again, the control circuit 4 is electrically connected to the switching resonant conversion unit 11 and the DC conversion unit 12 . The control circuit 4 is used to control the duty cycle and switching frequency of the power switches in the switch resonant conversion unit 11 and the DC conversion unit 12 . For example, the control circuit 4 can control the switching frequency of the power switch in the switch resonant conversion unit 11, so that the power switch works at the resonant frequency. Wherein, the resonant frequency is determined by the impedance of the resonant circuit (the resonant circuit 102 shown in FIG. 3A ) in the switch resonant transformation unit 11 . For another example, the control circuit 4 can control the duty ratio of the power switch in the DC conversion unit 12 to adjust the output voltage value of the DC conversion unit 12 .

In some embodiments, the control circuit 4 can perform open-loop control on the switch resonant conversion unit 11 , and the control circuit 4 can also control at least one DC conversion unit 12 in an open-loop or closed-loop manner. Wherein, the open-loop control means that the control circuit 4 controls the duty ratio and switching frequency of the power switch in the switch resonant conversion unit 11 or at least one DC conversion unit 12 to be fixed, and the closed-loop control means that the control circuit 4 controls the switch resonant conversion unit 11 Or the duty cycle and switching frequency of the power switch in the at least one DC conversion unit 12 are dynamically changed to adjust the output voltage of the switched resonant conversion unit 11 or the at least one DC conversion unit 12 .

For example, when the control circuit 4 controls the switching resonant conversion unit 11 in open loop, the control circuit 4 can control the switching duty cycle of the switching device in the switch resonant conversion unit 11 to be fixed, so that the output voltage value of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 is fixed. The first positive voltage +Vo1. For example, the control circuit 4 can control the duty cycle of the switching device in the switch resonant conversion unit 11 to be fixed at about 50%, so that the voltage value of the first positive voltage +Vo1 output by the switch resonant conversion unit 11 is equal to the voltage value of its input voltage.

When the control circuit 4 close-loop controls the DC conversion unit 12, the control circuit 4 can dynamically adjust the switching duty cycle or switching frequency of the switching device in the DC conversion unit 12 according to the voltage output by the DC conversion unit 12, so that the DC conversion unit 12 The voltage value of the output second positive voltage +Vo2 is adjusted to reach a preset voltage value. In this way, the output voltage of the DC conversion unit 12 can be ensured to be stable, so as to realize more reliable power supply.

It can be understood that, as mentioned above, the switch resonant conversion unit 11 in the switch resonant conversion unit 11 works in an open loop, and no closed-loop adjustment is required. Therefore, the working efficiency of the entire voltage conversion module 1 can be improved.

It can be understood that the control circuit 4 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the program execution of the above solutions.

It can be understood that the control circuit 4 can generate a control signal based on a pulse width modulation (Pulse Width Modulation, PWM) method, a pulse frequency modulation (Pulse Frequency Modulation, PFM) method, or a combination of PWM and PFM, to drive the switch resonant conversion unit 11 and the switching device in the DC conversion unit 12 are turned on or off. For example, the switching devices in the switch resonant conversion unit 11 and the DC conversion unit 12 are turned on when receiving a high level in the control signal, and turned off when receiving a low level in the control signal.

Taking the first power switch K1 shown in FIG. 3A as an example, the working waveform diagram of the resonant unit 102 will be introduced below.

Please refer to FIG. 7 , which shows a waveform diagram of the current, voltage and control signal of the first power switch K1 .

As shown in FIG. 7 , at time t1 , the voltage of the first power switch K1 is zero, the control signal is at a high level, and the first power switch K1 is turned on, thereby realizing zero-voltage conduction.

At time t1-t2, during the conduction period of the first power switch K1, the current of the first power switch K1 resonates.

At time t2, after the current of the first power switch K1 resonates to zero, the control signal becomes low level, and the first power switch K1 is turned off, thereby realizing zero-current shutdown.

In this way, the first power switch K1 can realize zero voltage switch (Zero Voltage Switch, ZVS) and zero current switch (Zero Current Switch, ZCS), which can reduce the switching loss of the power switch, increase the switching frequency of the power switch, and improve the voltage conversion efficiency , and further improve the working efficiency and power density of the switch resonant conversion unit 11 .

It can be understood that the embodiment of the present application also provides a power supply system.

Please refer to FIG. 8 , which is a schematic diagram of a power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8 , the power supply system 100 includes a negative DC power supply 2 and a voltage conversion module 1d.

The voltage conversion module 1d is electrically connected to the negative DC power supply 2 and the load 3, and the voltage conversion module 1d is used to convert the negative voltage -Vin provided by the negative DC power supply 2 into the power supply voltage +Vo2 required by the load 3.

It can be understood that the negative DC power supply 2 may be an AC/DC (Alternating Current/Direct Current, AC/DC) conversion circuit, which can convert AC power (for example, 220V commercial power) into negative DC power. The negative DC power supply 2 may also be a battery (Battery, BATT), which is not specifically limited here.

It can be understood that the voltage conversion module 1d can be the above-mentioned voltage conversion modules 1, 1a, and 1b. For details, please refer to the descriptions in FIG. 1, FIG. 4A to FIG. 4B, which will not be repeated here.

In some implementations, the negative DC power supply 2 can output negative DC power through a DC common-mode loop (direct current-return common, DC-C) or a DC isolation loop (direct current-returnisolate, DC-I). The voltage conversion module 1d may be a power module, for example, a power converter or the like. The load 3 can be a power amplifier, a tertiary power supply, etc.

It can be understood that the embodiments of the present application also provide a base station.

Please refer to FIG. 9 , which is a schematic diagram of a base station 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9 , the base station 200 includes a radio frequency unit (Remote Radio Unit, RRU) 5, a baseband unit (Bandwidth Based Unit, BBU) 6, an antenna 7, a feeder 8 and a power supply system 100a.

The radio frequency unit 5 is communicatively connected with the baseband unit 6 through an optical fiber, and the radio frequency unit 5 is connected with the antenna 7 through a feeder 8 . It can be understood that the radio frequency unit 5 can receive digital signals and control information from the baseband unit 6, the radio frequency unit 5 modulates the digital signals into radio frequency signals and amplifies them, and then transmits the amplified radio frequency signals to the antenna 7 through the feeder 8, and the antenna 7 transmits the radio frequency signals to the antenna 7. The radio frequency signal is emitted. The radio frequency unit 5 can also receive the radio frequency signal from the antenna 7 through the feeder 8, demodulate the radio frequency signal, and transmit the demodulated signal to the baseband unit 6, and the baseband unit 6 processes the demodulated signal returned by the baseband unit 6.

The power supply system 100a is connected to the radio frequency unit 5 and/or the baseband unit 6 through a cable, and the radio frequency unit 5 and/or the baseband unit 6 are used as a load of the power supply system 100a, and the power supply system 100a can provide corresponding power supply for the radio frequency unit 5 and/or the baseband unit 6 Voltage.

It can be understood that the power supply system 100a may be the power supply system 100 shown in FIG. 8 .

It can be understood that the installation position of the power supply system 100a may be the same as that of the radio frequency unit 5 or the baseband unit 6, which is not specifically limited here, and can be set according to the needs of the application scenario. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 9 , the base station 200 is a distributed base station. Wherein, the radio frequency unit 5 , the antenna 7 and the feeder 8 can be installed on the top of the tower body 9 . Certainly, the radio frequency unit 5, the antenna 7 and the feeder 8 can also be installed on a high mountain, on a roof or other high places. The power supply system 100a and the baseband unit 6 are installed at the bottom of the tower body 9 or in a remote machine room.

Exemplarily, when the radio frequency unit 5 is installed on the tower body 9, and the radio frequency unit 5 contains power amplifier circuits of 4 different frequency bands, so when power supply voltages of 12V, 28V, 50V and 65V are required, the power supply system 100a can use the negative DC power supply 2 The provided negative voltage -Vin (such as -48V DC voltage, the allowable fluctuation range is -36V ~ -63V) is first converted into the first positive voltage +Vo1 (such as +48V DC voltage), and then the first positive voltage +Vo1 converted into a plurality of second positive voltages +Vo2, respectively 12V, 28V, 50V and 65V. The plurality of second positive voltages +Vo2 can be transmitted to the corresponding power amplifier circuits of the radio frequency unit 5 through cables respectively. After the power amplifier circuit of the radio frequency unit 5 obtains the power supply voltage, it can be powered on and work normally.

It can be understood that the embodiments of the present application also provide a radio frequency module.

Referring to FIG. 10 , the radio frequency module 300 may include a voltage conversion module 1e and a radio frequency unit 5a. The voltage conversion module 1e is electrically connected to the radio frequency unit 5a to provide power for the radio frequency unit 5a.

It can be understood that, for the structure and working process of the radio frequency unit 5a, refer to the description of the radio frequency unit 5 in the base station 200 shown in FIG. 9 above, which will not be repeated here.

It can be understood that the voltage conversion module 1e may be the above-mentioned voltage conversion modules 1, 1a, and 1b. For details, please refer to the descriptions in FIG. 1, FIG. 4A to FIG.

It can be understood that the embodiments of the present application also provide a baseband module.

Referring to FIG. 11 , the baseband module 400 may include a voltage conversion module 1f and a baseband unit 6a. The voltage conversion module 1f is electrically connected to the baseband unit 6a to provide power for the baseband unit 6a.

It can be understood that, for the working process of the baseband unit 6a, reference may be made to the description of the baseband unit 6 in the base station shown in FIG. 9 above, which will not be repeated here.

It can be understood that the voltage conversion module 1f can be the above-mentioned voltage conversion modules 1, 1a, and 1b. For details, please refer to the descriptions in FIG. 1, FIG. 4A to FIG.

Each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be fully integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be used as a single unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integrated unit It can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

If the integrated units mentioned above in this application are implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for Make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes such as removable storage devices, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks or optical disks.

Those of ordinary skill in the art should recognize that the above implementations are only used to illustrate the present application, and are not used as a limitation to the present application. Alterations and variations are within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims (11)

1. A voltage conversion module, characterized in that the voltage conversion module comprises:

the resonant unit comprises a switch unit and a resonant unit, the resonant unit is electrically connected with the switch unit and is used for being matched with the switch unit to receive a first voltage and convert the first voltage into a second voltage, and the first voltage and the second voltage are opposite in electrical property;

the switching unit comprises a power switch, the switching duty ratio of the power switch is fixed, and the switching frequency of the power switch is determined according to the resonant frequency of the resonant unit.

2. The voltage conversion module according to claim 1, wherein the switching unit includes a first power switch, a second power switch, a third power switch, and a fourth power switch, the first power switch, the second power switch, the third power switch, and the fourth power switch are sequentially connected in series, and the resonant unit is connected in parallel with the second power switch and the third power switch that are connected in series;

an intermediate node between the second power switch and the third power switch and one end of the fourth power switch are used for receiving the first voltage, and one end of the first power switch is used for outputting the second voltage;

the first power switch and the third power switch form one of two groups of power switches, the second power switch and the fourth power switch form the other of the two groups of power switches, the resonance unit is used for acquiring the first voltage and charging through the conducted second power switch and the conducted fourth power switch, and the resonance unit is also used for discharging through the conducted first power switch and the conducted third power switch.

3. The voltage conversion module of claim 1, wherein the switching unit comprises a first power switch, a second power switch, a third power switch, and a fourth power switch, the first power switch, the second power switch, the third power switch, and the fourth power switch are sequentially connected in series, the resonant unit comprises a resonant capacitor and a resonant inductor, the resonant capacitor is connected in parallel with the second power switch and the third power switch after being connected in series, and the resonant inductor is connected to an intermediate node of the second power switch and the third power switch;

a middle node between the second power switch and the third power switch and one end of the fourth power switch are used for receiving the first voltage, and one end of the first power switch is used for outputting the second voltage;

the first power switch and the third power switch form one of two groups of power switches, the second power switch and the fourth power switch form the other of the two groups of power switches, the resonance unit is used for acquiring the first voltage and charging through the conducted second power switch and the conducted fourth power switch, and the resonance unit is also used for discharging through the conducted first power switch and the conducted third power switch.

4. A voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a dc conversion unit electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonant unit and a load for converting the second voltage to a third voltage for powering the load.

5. A voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a dc conversion unit electrically connected between the switched-capacitor resonance unit and a dc power supply for converting an output voltage of the dc power supply into the first voltage to power the switched-capacitor resonance unit.

6. A voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising two dc conversion units, one of which is electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonance unit and a load for converting the second voltage into a third voltage for powering the load;

the other one of the two direct current conversion units is electrically connected between the switched capacitor resonance unit and the direct current power supply, and is used for converting the output voltage of the direct current power supply into the first voltage so as to supply power to the switched capacitor resonance unit.

7. The voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a control circuit electrically connected to the power switch for controlling the switching duty ratio of the power switch to be fixed and controlling the switching frequency of the power switch according to the resonant frequency of the resonant unit.

8. The voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 4 to 6, further comprising a control circuit electrically connected to the DC conversion unit for regulating an output voltage of the DC conversion unit.

9. The voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the direct current conversion unit comprises at least one of a BOOST circuit, a BUCK circuit, and a BUCK-BOOST circuit.

10. A power supply system, characterized in that it comprises a direct current power supply and a voltage conversion module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, electrically connected to said direct current power supply for obtaining said first voltage from said direct current power supply.

11. A base station, characterized in that the base station comprises a power supply system according to claim 10.

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