CN115681034A - A modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a gravity energy storage system with a modular air damping structure, which includes several gravity energy storage modules. The gravity energy storage module includes a cylindrical structure, a weight and a lifting power generation device. There is a vertically arranged lifting passage, the lifting power generation device is arranged above the lifting passage, and the lifting power generation device drives the weight to lift in the lifting passage through a cable and a pulley assembly; the weight A narrow gap is formed between the inner wall of the lifting channel, and an air channel that penetrates up and down is formed on the weight, and a ventilation valve for opening or closing the air channel is provided in the air channel; when the weight falls When the speed is greater than the set value, the air passage is closed, the air under the weight is compressed, and air damping is formed on the weight in the lifting channel, thereby alleviating the impact force of the weight falling rapidly, avoiding destructive impact on the main structure of the system, and eliminating Potential safety hazards of the gravity energy storage system.

Description

A modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of solid gravity energy storage, in particular to a modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system.

Background technique

In recent years, the development of new energy is in full swing. New energy power generation generally has randomness, intermittency, and volatility problems, which need to be regulated by energy storage technology, and the power grid also urgently needs large-scale peak-shaving and valley-filling to improve the efficiency of the power system. Therefore, the development of energy storage has become an important part of energy transformation. . At present, the commonly used energy storage methods include pumped hydro storage, chemical battery energy storage, flywheel energy storage, capacitor energy storage, superconducting energy storage, etc. Each of the current energy storage methods has certain pain points, or the investment is too large, or the construction period is too long. or the resources are too scarce, or the technical requirements are too high, or the scale cannot be expanded, or the loss is too large, or the risk is too high. Assure.

In recent years, gravity energy storage has gradually attracted attention in the field of energy storage technology and has been applied to a certain extent. Existing gravity energy storage technology can be divided into suspended type, new pumped energy storage and oblique type, such as a scheme that uses a crane to stack concrete blocks into a tower, which uses the lifting and falling of blocks to store and release energy. However, the hoisting block of the crane needs a high-load, high-precision mechanical gripper, which is difficult to manufacture, and there are problems such as difficult positioning of the cable shaking and low stability of the tower. It has a large working space and has high requirements on terrain, land area, and weather conditions, and it is not easy to expand the scale or promote it in the whole area; in addition, the energy density of gravity energy storage is low, and the weight of about 3.7 tons can only be lifted by 100 meters. To store 1 kWh of electricity, if you want to increase the scale of energy storage, you must either increase the weight or increase the height. The disaster is very large, and the above reasons limit the popularization and application of solid gravity energy storage.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention proposes a modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system, which can solve one of the above problems at least to a certain extent.

Technical scheme of the present invention is realized like this:

A modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system, including several gravity energy storage modules, the gravity energy storage module includes a cylindrical structure, a weight and a lifting power generation device, the cylindrical structure is equipped with a vertical The lifting channel is provided, the lifting power generation device is arranged above the lifting channel, and the lifting power generation device drives the weight to lift in the lifting channel through a cable and a pulley assembly; the weight and the A narrow gap is formed between the inner walls of the lifting passage, and an air passage through the upper and lower sides is formed on the weight, and a ventilation valve for opening or closing the air passage is provided in the air passage; when the weight accelerates down And when the speed is greater than the set value, the air passage is closed, the air below the weight is compressed, and the air above is sucked to generate an air pressure difference, forming air damping on the weight in the lifting channel.

As a further optional solution of the gravity energy storage system of the modularized air damping structure, the lifting power generation device is provided with multiple groups, and the multiple groups of lifting power generation devices are equidistantly distributed above the lifting passage along the circumferential direction; the lifting The power generation device includes a hoist and a generator, and the hoist and the generator are integrated or separated.

As a further optional solution of the gravity energy storage system of the modular air damping structure, the ventilation valve includes a mounting bracket arranged in the air passage, and a sliding rod is slidably connected to the mounting bracket, and one end of the sliding rod is connected to There is a baffle for opening or closing the lower end of the air passage, and a tension spring is arranged between the baffle and the mounting bracket; in a normal state, the baffle and the sliding rod resist the The pulling force of the extension spring makes the lower end of the air passage open; when the weight accelerates down and the speed is greater than the set value, the baffle plate is in the position of the air pressure difference between the extension spring and the air passage. Driven together to block the lower end of the airway.

As a further optional solution of the gravity energy storage system of the modular air damping structure, the tension spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, one end of the tension spring is connected to the installation bracket, and the other end is connected to the baffle .

As a further optional solution of the gravity energy storage system with a modular air damping structure, a water and air barrier layer is provided at the bottom of the lift passage.

As a further option for the gravity energy storage system of the modularized air damping structure, a shock dissipating layer located above the water and air barrier layer is also provided in the lifting channel, and the shock dissipating layer is composed of liquid or Solid particles are formed; the bottom of the weight is provided with a grid-shaped impact part.

As a further optional solution of the gravity energy storage system of the modularized air damping structure, sand or/and crushed stone are used for the impact dissipation layer.

As a further optional solution for the gravity energy storage system of the modular air damping structure, multiple sets of guide wheels distributed equidistantly along the circumferential direction are provided on the outer periphery of the weight, and the guide wheels roll against the sides of the lifting channel. inner wall.

As a further option of the modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system, the cylindrical structure is a reinforced concrete structure, and the weight is a reinforced concrete structure or a steel structure.

As a further optional solution for the gravity energy storage system of the modular air damping structure, the upper end of the lifting channel is provided with a cap, and a through hole for the cable to enter and exit is provided on the cap, so that when the weight accidentally falls The air pressure difference between the top and bottom of the weight is increased to further reduce the falling speed of the weight.

As a further alternative to the gravity energy storage system with a modular air damping structure, there may be multiple gravity energy storage modules, and the cylindrical structures of the multiple gravity energy storage modules are close to each other to form a multi-module array distribution.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention have:

1. Each gravity energy storage module can form an air damping structure. Even in the worst case (all the cables are disconnected due to a strong earthquake, etc.), the heavy block falls unexpectedly, and the heavy block accelerates down and the speed is greater than the set value When the air passage is closed, the air below the weight is compressed, and the air above is sucked to generate an air pressure difference, forming an air damper on the weight in the lifting channel, preventing the weight from falling too fast, and relieving the pressure formed by it. The excessive impact force avoids destructive impact on the main structure of the system, and fundamentally eliminates the safety hazard of solid gravity energy storage;

2. The gravity energy storage module has a simple structure, and can only be composed of a simple and mature reinforced concrete structure and simple and mature mechanical equipment. The lifting passage is relatively sealed, and the weight is slow and has no impact. Under normal circumstances, the overall life of the system may reach 100 years; multiple gravity energy storage modules constitute the gravity energy storage system, the scale is easy to expand, and the system is easy to promote; the modular construction of the gravity energy storage system requires much lower investment than other methods Energy storage system; the construction and operation of this gravity energy storage system does not depend on water, does not rely on terrain, does not have too high technical barriers, does not consume any scarce resources, is not afraid of wind, sun, rain, and severe cold, and does not exhaust Carbon does not produce any pollution, so this gravity energy storage system has unparalleled availability, sustainability and safety, and is very friendly to the environment and resources.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting power generation device pulling the weight;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the bottom of the weight;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of described ventilation valve;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of multiple gravity energy storage modules.

In the figure: 100, gravity energy storage module; 1, cylindrical structure; 11, lifting channel; 12, water and air barrier layer; 13, impact dissipation layer; 14, supporting foundation; 2, heavy block; 21, ventilation 22, ventilation valve; 221, mounting bracket; 222, slide bar; 223, baffle plate; 224, extension spring; 23, grid-shaped impact part; 24, guide wheel;

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" etc. indicate an orientation or The positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, Therefore, it should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

Referring to Figures 1-5, a modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system is shown, including several gravity energy storage modules 100, and the gravity energy storage module 100 includes a cylindrical structure 1, a weight 2 and a lifting power generation Device 3, the interior of the cylindrical structure 1 is provided with a vertically arranged lifting passage 11, the lifting power generation device 3 is arranged above the lifting passage 11, and the lifting power generation device 3 passes through the cable 31 and the pulley assembly Drive the weight 2 to move up and down in the lifting passage 11; a narrow gap is formed between the weight 2 and the inner wall of the lifting passage 11, and an air passage 21 penetrating up and down is formed on the weight 2, The air passage 21 is provided with a ventilation valve 22 for opening or closing the air passage 21; when the weight 2 accelerates down and the speed is greater than a set value, the air passage 21 is closed, and the weight 2 The air below is compressed, and the air above is sucked to generate air pressure difference, and air damping is formed on the weight 2 in the lifting channel 11 .

In other words, lifting the weight 2 by the lifting power generation device 3 can realize energy storage, and when the weight 2 falls under the action of gravity to drive the generator, energy release can be realized; under normal conditions, the When the speed of the weight 2 is lifted and lowered within a certain range, the ventilation valve 22 remains open, and the air above and below the weight 2 can circulate through the air passage 21; and when the cable 31 breaks due to an accident When the weight 2 is opened, the weight 2 falls, and when the weight 2 accelerates down and the speed is greater than the set range, the ventilation valve 22 closes the air passage 21, and when the weight 2 and the lifting passage The narrow gap between 11 is small enough, the air below the weight 2 is compressed, and the air above is sucked to generate an air pressure difference, which forms air damping on the weight 2 in the lifting passage, thereby generating pressure on the weight 2. 2 prevents the heavy block 2 from falling too fast, alleviates the excessive impact force formed by it, and fundamentally eliminates the safety hazard of the modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system.

Preferably in the above solution, the lifting power generation device 3 is provided with multiple groups, and the multiple groups of lifting power generation devices 3 are distributed equidistantly above the lifting passage 11 in the circumferential direction; the lifting power generation device 3 includes a hoist and a generator, The hoist and the generator are integrated or separated, wherein the hoisting power generation device 3 has its own locking mechanism, so as to lock the weight 2 at a certain height without loss. In addition, preferably, the tubular structure 1 is a reinforced concrete structure. In this way, the gravity energy storage module 100 has a simple structure, consisting of a simple and mature reinforced concrete structure and simple and mature mechanical equipment; the upper end of the lifting passage 11 is closed, so that the lifting power generation device 3 and the weight 2 Working under relatively sealed, slow, and shock-free operating conditions, the overall life of the system may reach 100 years; at the same time, the operation and maintenance of the system is simple and the workload is small, so the operation and maintenance cost of the system is extremely low. The energy conversion efficiency of the gravity energy storage system basically depends on the efficiency of the hoist and the generator, and the efficiency of the hoist and the generator is the highest in the power machinery, which can reach more than 97%. Therefore, the comprehensive energy of the gravity energy storage system The conversion efficiency may reach 90% to 95%.

Preferably, the number and power of the lifting power generation device 3 should be redundantly configured. For example, if a weight 2 is 10,000 tons, then 12 hoists each with a capacity of 1200 tons are configured, which can strengthen the reliability of the system and ensure the weight of the weight. Block 2 will not fall due to a broken cable due to a hoist or two failure.

Preferably, the number and power of the lifting power generating devices 3 should be configured redundantly. When one or two lifting generators or cables break down or even break down, the rest of the lifting power generating devices 3 can be quickly switched to the power generation mode. Block 2 provides electromagnetic braking torque to prevent weight block 2 from falling out of control.

In a gravity energy storage module 100, it is calculated that a weight 2 of about 3.7 tons can be lifted 100 meters to store 1Kwh of electricity. If the weight 2 is a cylinder filled with concrete, sand, gravel, soil, etc., it is about 2.5 tons per cubic meter. If its outer diameter is 12 meters and its height is 30 meters, then the weight of the weight 2 is about 8480 tons. If the weight 2 is lifted 100 meters, it can store about 2300 Kwh of electricity; if the outer diameter of the weight 2 is 20 meters, and the height is 30 meters, then the weight of the weight 2 is about 23560 tons. If the weight 2 is lifted 200 meters, it can store about 12700Kwh of electricity; it can be seen that the diameter and thickness of the weight 2 can be adjusted, or the weight of the weight 2 can be increased. Lifting the height can greatly increase the power storage capacity of the block 2; with existing mature materials and technologies, the cylindrical structure 1 can easily achieve an inner diameter of 20 meters and a height of 300 meters, and the block 2 can easily reach 20,000 to 30,000 Tons, based on this calculation, a single module can achieve a power storage scale of more than 15Mwh. The gravity energy storage system can be composed of multiple gravity energy storage modules 100 close to each other to form a multi-module array, which not only makes the system more stable, but also easily expands the power storage scale to 100Mwh level or even Gwh level. The gravitational energy storage module 100 occupies a small area, and it is convenient to form multiple gravitational energy storage modules 100 into a multi-module array, and multiple arrays can form an energy storage power station whose energy storage scale far exceeds that of pumped storage.

In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 5 , multiple gravity energy storage modules 100 are close to each other to form a multi-module array distribution, which not only has a compact area, but also has a more reasonable and firm structure, and the scale of energy storage can be expanded infinitely.

Preferably, referring to Fig. 2, the weight 2 is a reinforced concrete structure or a steel structure. More preferably, the inside of the weight 2 is provided with a cavity, which can be filled with any heavy objects, such as waste slag and other wastes, which not only protects the environment but also reduces construction costs. The cylindrical structure 1, the weight 2 and the lifting power generation device 3 of this embodiment can be modularized to facilitate the expansion and promotion of the gravity energy storage system.

In the above scheme, a plurality of gravity energy storage modules 100 constitute the gravity energy storage system, and the scale is easy to expand; a large number of gravity energy storage modules 100 are modularized, and the investment is much lower than that of other energy storage systems; this gravity energy storage The construction and operation of the system does not depend on water, does not rely on terrain, does not consume any scarce resources, is not afraid of wind, sun, rain, or severe cold, and does not emit carbon or produce any pollution. Availability, sustainability and safety, very friendly to the environment and resources.

In the above scheme, with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the upper end of the lifting passage is provided with a cap (not marked in the figure), and a through hole (not marked in the figure) for the entry and exit of the cable is provided on the cap. When falling, the air pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the weight is increased to further reduce the falling speed of the weight.

Preferably, referring to FIG. 3 , the outer periphery of the weight 2 is provided with multiple groups of guide wheels 24 equidistantly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the guide wheels 24 roll against the inner wall of the lifting passage 11 . In this way, through the guidance of the guide wheel 24 , contact and friction between the weight 2 and the inner wall of the lifting passage 11 is avoided.

In some specific embodiments, in order to simply realize the function of the ventilation valve 22, referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 221 is slidably connected to a slide bar 222, and one end of the slide bar 222 is connected with a baffle plate 223 for opening or closing the lower end of the air passage 21, and an extension spring 224 is arranged between the baffle plate 223 and the mounting bracket 221. ; Under normal conditions, that is, the speed of the weight 2 is within a certain range, the baffle plate 223 and the slide bar 222 resist the pulling force of the extension spring 224 under the action of gravity, so that the air passage 21 The lower end is opened; when the weight 2 falls accidentally, accelerates the descent and the speed is greater than the set value, the pulling force of the extension spring 224 is greater than the dynamic weight of the baffle plate 223 and the slide bar 222 when accelerating the descent, and the baffle plate 223 is jointly driven by the tension spring 224 and the air pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the air passage 21 to block the lower end of the air passage 21 . The ventilation valve 22 in this embodiment has a simple structure, and the working process is reliable and stable; further preferably, the tension spring 224 is sleeved on the slide rod 222, and one end of the tension spring 224 is connected to the mounting bracket 221, and the other One end is connected to the baffle plate 223; in this way, the structure of the extension spring 224 is stable, preventing the extension spring 224 from being easily bent and deformed.

Preferably, with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the bottom of the lifting channel 11 is provided with a water and air barrier layer 12, and the water and gas barrier layer 12 is used to isolate the air to prevent when the weight 2 is falling rapidly. The air under the weight 2 is pressed into the ground to be deflated; the water and air barrier 12 can be, for example, a concrete cushion, or other materials capable of isolating air and water.

In some specific implementations, in order to further eliminate the impact force of the weight 2 from accidental drop to stop motion, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, there is also a water and air barrier located in the lifting channel 11. The impact dissipation layer 13 above the layer 12 is formed of liquid or solid particles; the bottom of the weight 2 is provided with a grid-like impact portion 23 . In this way, even if the weight 2 falls in a major earthquake, the air damping structure formed by the weight 2 and the cylindrical structure 1 and the air pressure difference formed between the upper and lower sides of the weight 2 will greatly slow down the final movement of the weight 2. the falling speed, and the grid-shaped impact part 23 at the bottom of the weight 2 will be inserted into the impact dissipation layer 13 to avoid direct strong collision, and the final impact force will be dissipated through the impact dissipation layer 13 to ensure safety . In this embodiment, the impact dissipation layer 13 is preferably made of sand or/and gravel, which is low in cost and basically has no limitation on service life, which is conducive to improving the availability and reliability of the system.

The above solution is preferred, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, in this embodiment, the supporting foundation 14 (such as piles) of the cylindrical structure 1 is distributed outside the lifting passage 11, and the grid at the bottom of the weight 2 The impact part 23 is located on the inner side of the bottom of the weight 2 and is vertically staggered with the support base 14, so as to prevent the impact force caused by the accidental drop of the weight 2 from directly acting on the support base 14, making the support base 14 more stable and ensuring the The cylindrical structure 1 is arranged vertically and the structure is not damaged.

In addition, the cylindrical structure 1 is provided with conventional configurations such as maintenance doors for workers to enter and exit, which will not be described in detail here.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. A modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system is characterized by comprising a plurality of gravity energy storage modules, wherein each gravity energy storage module comprises a cylindrical structure, a weight block and a lifting power generation device, a lifting channel is vertically arranged in the cylindrical structure, the lifting power generation device is arranged above the lifting channel, and the lifting power generation device drives the weight block to lift in the lifting channel through a cable and a pulley assembly; a narrow gap is formed between the heavy block and the inner wall of the lifting channel, an up-and-down through air channel is formed on the heavy block, and an air valve for opening or closing the air channel is arranged in the air channel; when the weight block is accelerated and descended and the speed is higher than the set value, the air passage is closed, air below the weight block is compressed, air above the weight block is pumped, air pressure difference is generated, and air damping is formed on the weight block in the lifting channel.

2. The modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of sets of lifting power generation devices distributed circumferentially and equidistantly over the lifting channel; the lifting power generation device comprises a lifting machine and a power generator, and the lifting machine and the power generator are integrated or split.

3. The modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the vent valve comprises a mounting bracket arranged in the air duct, a slide rod is slidably connected to the mounting bracket, a baffle plate for blocking the lower end of the air duct is connected to one end of the slide rod, and a tension spring is arranged between the baffle plate and the mounting bracket; under the normal state, the baffle and the sliding rod resist the tension of the tension spring under the action of gravity, so that the lower end of the air duct is opened; when the weight block is accelerated to descend and the speed is greater than a set value, the baffle is driven by the tension spring and the air pressure difference between the upper side and the lower side of the air duct to block the lower end of the air duct.

4. The modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein a water and gas barrier is provided at the bottom of the lifting channel.

5. The modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system according to claim 4, wherein an impact dissipation layer is further provided in the lifting channel above the water and gas barrier layer, the impact dissipation layer being formed of liquid or solid particles; the bottom of the weight is provided with a latticed impact part.

6. The modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein the impact dissipation layer is made of sand or/and crushed stones.

7. The modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the weight is provided with a plurality of groups of guide wheels distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on the periphery, and the guide wheels are in rolling contact with the inner wall of the lifting channel.

8. The modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical structure is a reinforced concrete structure and the weight is a reinforced concrete structure or a steel structure.

9. The modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the lifting channel is provided with a cap, the cap is provided with a through hole for the cable to pass in and out, when the weight is dropped accidentally, the air pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the weight is increased, and the dropping speed of the weight is further reduced.

10. The modular air damping structure gravity energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the gravity energy storage module is provided in plurality, and the cylindrical structures of the gravity energy storage modules abut against each other to form a multi-module array distribution.

Images