CN115218112B - Vertical shaft of gravity compressed air energy storage system for unconsolidated formation and energy storage system - Google Patents
Vertical shaft of gravity compressed air energy storage system for unconsolidated formation and energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115218112B CN115218112B CN202210795079.6A CN202210795079A CN115218112B CN 115218112 B CN115218112 B CN 115218112B CN 202210795079 A CN202210795079 A CN 202210795079A CN 115218112 B CN115218112 B CN 115218112B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/007—Underground or underwater storage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17B—GAS-HOLDERS OF VARIABLE CAPACITY
- F17B1/00—Gas-holders of variable capacity
- F17B1/02—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17B—GAS-HOLDERS OF VARIABLE CAPACITY
- F17B1/00—Gas-holders of variable capacity
- F17B1/02—Details
- F17B1/10—Guiding moving parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/002—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for vessels under pressure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
- H02J15/006—Systems for storing electric energy in the form of pneumatic energy, e.g. compressed air energy storage [CAES]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0176—Shape variable
- F17C2201/018—Shape variable with bladders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
- F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
- F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/031—Air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0142—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed underground
- F17C2270/0144—Type of cavity
- F17C2270/0149—Type of cavity by digging cavities
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a vertical shaft of a gravity compressed air energy storage system for a loose stratum and the energy storage system, which can realize building of a vertical shaft structure under a complex loose water-rich stratum, the structural form of the vertical shaft not only can enhance the bearing capacity of the vertical shaft to upper loads, but also can achieve the purpose of controlling the settlement deformation of the vertical shaft after the frozen soil is invalid, thereby supporting all loads when the gravity compressed air energy storage system runs; and the reserved freezing holes can be subjected to grouting consolidation, so that the damages caused by sedimentation deformation and seepage and piping of the vertical shaft can be further reduced, and the safe and stable operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage vertical shaft structure is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pressure containers and air energy storage, in particular to a vertical shaft of a gravity compressed air energy storage system for a loose stratum and an energy storage system.
Background
The gravity compressed air energy storage system stores redundant electric energy through compressed air, and the gravity pressing block has the characteristics of large volume, large weight and the like. When energy is stored, the compressed air energy storage system consumes electric energy to compress and store air in the air storage chamber, and the top plate of the air storage chamber is lifted to jack up the gravity pressing block; when releasing energy, the high-pressure air is released from the air storage chamber, and the gravity pressing block descends along with the top plate of the air storage chamber. The huge load on the upper part is transferred to the foundation, so the engineering site has higher requirements on the vertical shaft structure and the bearing capacity of the foundation. How to design a reasonable vertical shaft structure and to adopt an effective foundation treatment method to meet the safe operation of a gravity compressed air energy storage system is a difficult problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a vertical shaft of a gravity compressed air energy storage system for a loose stratum and an energy storage system, which can realize building of a vertical shaft structure under a complex loose water-rich stratum, and a plurality of ring beams arranged on the vertical shaft can enhance the bearing capacity of the ring beams to upper loads, and concrete plugs arranged on the bottom and the outer wall of the vertical shaft in a semi-surrounding manner can achieve the purpose of controlling the sedimentation deformation of the vertical shaft after a frozen soil layer fails and prevent the vertical shaft lining from being displaced in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, so that all loads of the gravity compressed air energy storage system in operation are supported; and the reserved freezing holes are reused for grouting consolidation, so that the damage caused by sedimentation deformation and seepage and piping of the vertical shaft can be further reduced, and the safe and stable operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage vertical shaft structure is ensured.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a vertical shaft of a gravity compressed air energy storage system for loose strata, wherein the vertical shaft is of a hollow structure with a certain wall thickness, and the top of the vertical shaft is opened and movably inserted with a gravity assembly in the gravity compressed air energy storage system; the inner wall of the vertical shaft is provided with a vertical shaft lining, and the outer wall of the vertical shaft is provided with an anti-sedimentation component;
The anti-sedimentation assembly comprises a plurality of ring beams which are sequentially arranged in a ring along the outer wall of the vertical shaft in a spacing mode in the vertical direction.
In some embodiments, the anti-settling assembly comprises a concrete plug; the concrete plug is arranged on the bottom and the outer wall of the vertical shaft in a semi-surrounding mode.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method for building a shaft in any one of the foregoing embodiments, including:
planning the shape, size and depth of a vertical shaft on the surface of a soil layer;
at least arranging a group of annular freezing devices surrounded by a plurality of freezing holes on the peripheral side of the planned vertical shaft, and performing frozen soil layer construction; the minimum horizontal distance between the freezing hole and the outer side of the vertical shaft is the minimum horizontal distance between the freezing hole and the outer side of the vertical shaft, and frozen soil needs to be developed;
Building a shaft lining and anti-sedimentation component after excavating earthwork of the shaft; and grouting and solidifying through the freezing holes.
In some embodiments, the circumferential center of the freezing device coincides with the center of gravity of the shaft; the aperture of the freezing hole is 16-20mm; and each set of the freezing devices comprises 8-12 freezing holes; the method for calculating the layout radius of the freezing device comprises the following steps:
R＝0.1T；
Wherein R is the layout radius, and the coefficient 0.1 is the frozen soil development speed 0.1m/d; t is the freezing time d.
In some embodiments, the horizontal distance between freezing holes in adjacent freezing devices in the horizontal direction is equal to the minimum horizontal distance of the freezing holes from the outside of the shaft.
In some embodiments, embodiments of the invention provide a gravity compressed air energy storage system for unconsolidated formations comprising a shaft as in any of the embodiments above, including the gravity assembly; the gravity assembly comprises a gravity assembly, a vertical shaft and a vertical shaft lining, wherein a gap is reserved between the outer wall of the gravity assembly and the inner wall of the vertical shaft lining, a sealing film is arranged in the gap, and the sealing film is in sealing connection with the outer wall of the gravity assembly and the inner wall of the vertical shaft lining, so that the sealing film is located in a space below the sealing film, and an air storage chamber is formed between the gravity assembly in a surrounding mode.
In some embodiments, the gravity assembly comprises a set of gravity blocks and a pressure bearing assembly; wherein the gravity block group is arranged at the top of the pressure-bearing component; the bottom of the pressure-bearing component stretches into the vertical shaft, and the outer wall of the pressure-bearing component is connected with the sealing film; the top of the pressure-bearing component is positioned on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft.
In some embodiments, the pressure bearing assembly comprises a pressure bearing barrel, a pressure bearing base, and a buffer assembly; wherein the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder stretches into the vertical shaft, and the top of the pressure-bearing cylinder is provided with a pressure-bearing base; the gravity block group is positioned above the bearing base, so that the bearing cylinder is supported on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft through the bearing base when moving downwards to the lowest limit; the buffering components are distributed on the periphery of the vertical shaft and are located on the ground outside the top end of the vertical shaft, and the top of the buffering components is connected with the pressure-bearing base.
In some embodiments, the pressure bearing assembly comprises a locking platform; the locking platform is arranged on the periphery of the vertical shaft and is positioned on the ground outside the top end of the vertical shaft, connected with the buffer assembly and positioned on the outer side of the buffer assembly and used for fixing the buffer assembly.
In some embodiments, the energy storage system includes a guide device including a guide slot and a roller; the gravity assembly comprises a gravity assembly, a vertical shaft and a plurality of guide grooves, wherein the plurality of guide grooves are arranged on the periphery of the gravity assembly, and the guide grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the vertical shaft or the outer part of the vertical shaft; the roller is matched with the guide groove and connected with the bottom of the guide groove, so that the roller moves up and down along the bottom of the guide groove when the gravity assembly moves up and down.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of constructing a shaft for a gravity compressed air energy storage system of a unconsolidated formation according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the layout of the freeze holes according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gravity compressed air energy storage system for unconsolidated formations according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a guiding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a buffer assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a gravity pressing block; 2. a turret structure; 3. a guide device; 4. a pressure-bearing base; 5. locking the platform; 51. an elastic pad; 6. a buffer assembly; 61. jacking; 62. a bottom support; 63. a pressure spring; 64. angle steel; 65. an upper center link; 66. a lower center link; 67. an upper annular protection ring; 68. a lower annular protective ring; 7. a soil layer; 8. a sealing film; 9. a ring beam; 10. a pressure-bearing cylinder; 11. an air storage chamber; 12. a shaft; 13. lining a vertical shaft; 14. freezing the wells; 15. and a concrete plug.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. On the contrary, the embodiments of the invention include all alternatives, modifications and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
To achieve the above objective, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a vertical shaft 12 of a gravity compressed air energy storage system for loose strata, wherein the vertical shaft 12 has a hollow structure with a certain wall thickness, and the top of the vertical shaft is open and movably inserted with a gravity component in the gravity compressed air energy storage system; the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12 is provided with a vertical shaft lining 13, and the outer wall of the vertical shaft is provided with an anti-sedimentation component; the anti-settling assembly comprises a plurality of ring beams 9 which are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in a vertical direction along the outer wall of the shaft 12.
It will be appreciated that the shaft 12 is conventionally of hollow cylindrical construction having a wall thickness, and is formed by digging down into the earth 7, and that a gravity assembly for the mobile insertion of a gravity compressed air energy storage system is provided in the shaft 12. The present embodiment is exemplified by taking the shaft 12 as a hollow cylindrical structure with an open upper end.
As shown in fig. 1, the vertical shaft 12 is a hollow cylindrical structure with an open upper end, and has a certain wall thickness, and the soil layer 7 around the vertical shaft 12 needs to be reinforced in the loose water-rich soil layer 7, so that the bearing capacity of the vertical shaft 12 and the foundation thereof is improved, and the situation that huge load on the upper part of the gravity compressed air energy storage system can be transferred to the foundation of the vertical shaft 12 is dealt with. The present embodiment thus satisfies the safe operation of the gravity compressed air energy storage system by a well 12 of reasonable design and by employing an effective foundation treatment method. In the embodiment, a shaft lining 13 is arranged on the inner wall of a shaft 12, and an anti-sedimentation component is arranged on the outer wall of the shaft lining; the anti-sedimentation assembly comprises a plurality of annular ring beams 9 which are prepared by adopting sectional materials and have certain strength, wherein the annular ring beams 9 are sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical shaft 12 at equal intervals in the vertical direction, so that the vertical shaft 12 is reinforced, and sedimentation is prevented. Can ensure through shaft brickwork 13 that shaft 12 inner wall is smooth wall, and then can improve sealing performance when realizing sealing membrane 8 and fix on shaft brickwork 13, and the installation of sealing membrane 8 of being convenient for.
In some embodiments, the anti-settling assembly comprises a concrete plug 15, particularly as shown in fig. 1, the concrete plug 15 is arranged on the bottom and the outer wall of the shaft 12 in a semi-surrounding manner, that is, the lower end of the concrete plug 15 is positioned at the bottom of the shaft 12, the upper end of the concrete plug 15 is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the shaft 12, and the concrete plug 15 is in an integral non-detachable structure. The concrete plugs 15 in the embodiment can control the vertical and lateral displacement of the structure of the shaft lining 13, and achieve the purpose of controlling the sedimentation deformation of the shaft 12 after the liquid nitrogen frozen soil layer 7 fails, thereby supporting all loads when the gravity compressed air energy storage system is operated.
In some embodiments, a method of constructing a shaft 12 for a gravity compressed air energy storage system of a loose earth formation is presented, as shown in fig. 2, comprising:
s1: planning the shape, size and depth of a vertical shaft 12 on the surface of the soil layer 7;
S2: at least one group of annular freezing devices surrounded by a plurality of freezing holes 14 are distributed on the peripheral side of the planned vertical shaft 12, and construction of frozen soil layers 7 is carried out; and the minimum horizontal distance between the freezing holes 14 and the outer side of the vertical shaft 12 is the minimum horizontal distance between the outer side of the vertical shaft 12 and the frozen soil needing to be developed;
s3: building a shaft lining 13 and an anti-sedimentation component after excavating earthwork of the shaft 12; and then grouting and solidifying through the freezing holes 14.
Specifically, in the step S1, the size and depth of the vertical shaft 12 are planned on the surface of the soil layer 7 according to the target parameter planning of the gravity compressed air energy storage system; wherein the geological conditions of soil quality, density, water content and the like in the soil layer 7 are surveyed.
In a specific step S2, at least one set of freezing devices is arranged on the peripheral side of the outer wall of the planning shaft 12 as shown in fig. 3; wherein the freezing device comprises a plurality of freezing holes 14 which are arranged around the outer wall of the shaft 12, wherein the circle center of the freezing device in the circumferential direction coincides with the circle center of the shaft 12 in the circumferential direction. Wherein a plurality of sets of freezing devices can be arranged according to the geological condition of the soil layer 7, wherein the minimum horizontal distance between the freezing holes 14 on the freezing devices of the set of freezing devices which are adjacent to the vertical shaft 12 in the horizontal distance and the outer side of the vertical shaft 12 is the minimum horizontal distance between the freezing holes and the outer side of the vertical shaft 12, and the frozen soil needs to be developed. Advantageously, when a plurality of sets of freezing apparatuses are arranged, the distance between the freezing holes 14 in adjacent freezing apparatuses in the horizontal direction is equal to the minimum horizontal distance between the freezing holes 14 and the outside of the shaft 12, in other words, the distance between the freezing holes 14 and the outside of the shaft 12 in the freezing apparatus closest to the outside of the shaft 12 is the distance between the freezing holes 14 in adjacent freezing apparatuses. The exemplary shaft 12 outer side requires a minimum horizontal distance of 2m for development of frozen earth ranging from 2-4m from the outer wall of the shaft 12. Those skilled in the art will further appreciate that the cross-section of the plurality of sets of freezing devices and shaft 12 is a plurality of equally spaced concentric circles.
For example, mechanical drilling may be used to form the freezing holes 14, the depth of the freezing holes 14 is the same as the depth of the shaft 12, in this embodiment, the diameter of the freezing holes may be 26m, and is 16-20mm, preferably 16mm, and 8-12 freezing holes 14 are uniformly distributed in each freezing device, so as to accelerate the freezing construction time of dry ice, and the arrangement radiuses of the plurality of groups of freezing devices from inside to outside are respectively:
R＝0.1T；
wherein R is the layout radius, and the coefficient 0.1 is the frozen soil development speed 0.1m/d at the dry ice temperature; t is the freezing time d.
And inserting freezing pipes into the completed freezing holes 14, uniformly dividing 12 freezing pipes on any freezing device into two groups for liquid nitrogen freezing construction, wherein 6 freezing pipes of one group are connected to a liquid nitrogen supply device through a six-hole joint, and the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is controlled between-210 ℃ and-196 ℃ for freezing the loose water-rich stratum. The soil layer 7 within the range of 6m of the periphery of the freezing shaft 12 has bearing effect, so that the freezing time is calculated according to the required frozen soil radius and the development speed of frozen soil.
The specific excavation, placement of the reinforcement cage and casting of the earth of the shaft 12 in S3 can be exemplarily explained as:
According to the structure of the vertical shaft 12 shown in fig. 1, the vertical shaft 12 is excavated in multiple sections, wherein the specific method is as follows: a vertical grab is used to excavate vertically along the 6m outer diameter of the shaft 12, and a mechanical excavator is used to excavate from the ground to a depth of 6 m. In the case where the depth of the shaft 12 is 26m in the present embodiment, each time 5 to 6m, preferably 6m, is excavated in the vertical direction as one construction stage, the shaft 12 is divided into 4 construction stages, and excavation, reinforcement cage placement, and concrete pouring are sequentially performed in each construction stage. The present embodiment divides the shaft 12 into 4 construction stages, which can prevent large-area construction from generating uneven settlement.
It will be appreciated that the shaft 12 must be provided with reinforcing bars when it is constructed, since the shaft 12 is subjected to all the loads from the gravity components of the gravity compressed air energy storage system on the ground of the earth 7. Immediately placing a reinforcement cage after the earth excavation is completed in each construction stage; it is also preferable that the reinforcement cage be secured to the upper section of the shaft 12 to accommodate the load transfer. After the reinforcement cage is placed, C40 concrete can be used for pouring.
In the process of excavating the earthwork in the vertical shaft 12, a mechanical excavator and a vertical grab bucket machine can be adopted to be matched, the earth excavation depth is controlled to be about 5-6m each time, and the earth excavation is divided into three times, so that the excessive settlement deformation of the soil around the vertical shaft 12 is avoided. Manual excavation cleaning is adopted when the excavation is 300mm away from the bottom of the vertical shaft 12.
In this embodiment, after the vertical shaft 12 is excavated, the vertical shaft lining 13 and the anti-sedimentation component are built, and the preferred anti-sedimentation component is formed by concrete pouring, so that all loads transmitted by the upper portion of the gravity compressed air energy storage system can be borne, and therefore, the concrete plug 15 of the vertical shaft 12 not only bears the weight of the gravity pressing block 1 and the vertical shaft 12 in the gravity component, but also bears the high-pressure gas load of the gas storage chamber 11 in the gravity compressed air energy storage system, and prevents the vertical and lateral displacement of the structure of the vertical shaft lining 13, and the arrangement of the anti-sedimentation component effectively controls the sedimentation of the vertical shaft 12 and the displacement of the vertical shaft lining 13 after the liquid nitrogen freezing construction is finished and after the load is applied.
In some embodiments, the method of grouting consolidation through the freeze holes 14 is: after the construction of the shaft 12 is completed, the freezing pipe is withdrawn in time, grouting consolidation can be carried out again by utilizing the reserved freezing holes 14, slurry is firstly used during grouting, then the consistency of the slurry is gradually increased, and in addition, the soil body is considered to be a loose water-rich stratum, and the grouting pressure is generally 0.2-0.4MPa.
In some embodiments, the present invention contemplates a gravity compressed air energy storage system for unconsolidated formations comprising a shaft 12 and a gravity assembly as in the embodiments described above; the gravity assembly outer wall and the inner wall of the vertical shaft brickwork 13 are provided with gaps, a sealing film 8 is arranged in the gaps, and the sealing film 8 is in sealing connection with the gravity assembly outer wall and the inner wall of the vertical shaft brickwork 13, so that the sealing film 8 and the vertical shaft 12 are positioned in the space below the sealing film 8, and the air storage chamber 11 is defined between the gravity assemblies.
As shown in particular in fig. 4, a gravity compressed air energy storage system for a loose formation includes a shaft 12 and a gravity assembly; the gravity assembly comprises a gravity block group and a pressure bearing assembly; wherein the gravity block group is arranged at the top of the pressure-bearing component; the bottom of the pressure-bearing component stretches into the vertical shaft 12, and the outer wall of the pressure-bearing component is connected with the sealing membrane 8; the top of the pressure bearing assembly is located on the ground at the top of the shaft 12; the gravity block group comprises a plurality of gravity pressing blocks 1 which are overlapped layer by layer in the vertical direction, and the gravity pressing blocks 1 are always in the same horizontal and vertical directions. The gravity assembly is divided into the ground gravity block group and the bearing assembly, wherein the bottom end of the bearing assembly extends into the vertical shaft 12, the sealing film 8 is directly connected with the bottom end of the outer wall of the bearing assembly, the gravity block group is positioned outside the vertical shaft 12, when large energy storage is realized, all gravity blocks are not required to be concentrated in the vertical shaft 12, the height of the vertical shaft 12 can be reduced, and the excavation engineering quantity and engineering difficulty of the vertical shaft 12 are greatly reduced.
In addition, the gravity block group includes a plurality of gravity briquetting 1 that overlap the setting layer upon layer in vertical direction, through setting up the gravity block group into a plurality of superimposed gravity briquetting 1, and then reduced the weight of every gravity briquetting 1, reduce the hoist and mount degree of difficulty when satisfying big energy storage for in the hoist and mount work progress, hoist and mount pressure-bearing component to shaft 12 earlier, pressure-bearing component upper end supports subaerial at shaft 12 week side, then hoist and mount gravity briquetting 1 layer upon layer at pressure-bearing component's top.
In some embodiments, the pressure bearing assembly comprises a pressure bearing cartridge 10 and a pressure bearing base 4; wherein the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 extends into the vertical shaft 12 and the top thereof is provided with a pressure-bearing base 4; the gravity block group is located above the bearing base 4, and the bearing base 4 is supported on the ground at the top of the shaft 12 when the bearing cylinder 10 moves down to the lowest limit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the bearing assembly comprises a bearing cylinder 10 and a bearing base 4, wherein the bottom end of the bearing cylinder 10 extends into the vertical shaft 12, the sealing film 8 is directly connected with the bottom end of the outer wall of the bearing cylinder 10, the top of the bearing cylinder 10 is positioned on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft 12 and is connected with the bearing base 4, and a plurality of gravity pressing blocks 1 which are overlapped layer by layer in the vertical direction are arranged above the bearing base 4, so that the gravity pressing blocks 1 are always in the same horizontal and vertical directions.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the pressure bearing assembly includes a cushioning assembly 6; the buffer assembly 6 includes a plurality of pressure springs 63, the plurality of pressure springs 63 are distributed on the circumference side of the shaft 12 and are located on the ground outside the top end of the shaft 12, and the top of the pressure springs 63 is connected with the bottom of the pressure-bearing base 4, and in this embodiment, the buffer assembly 6 slows down jolt in the rising or falling process of the gravity assembly, and can limit the falling displacement of the gravity assembly.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the buffer assembly 6 includes a top support 61 and a bottom support 62 that are oppositely disposed, and a pressure spring 63 that is connected between the top support 61 and the bottom support 62, wherein the top end and the bottom end of the pressure spring 63 are respectively connected to the top support 61 and the bottom support 62, an upper center connecting rod 65 is disposed in the middle of the bottom surface of the top support 61, a lower center connecting rod 66 is disposed in the middle of the top surface of the bottom support 62, the upper center connecting rod 65 and the lower center connecting rod 66 are both disposed in the middle of the pressure spring 63, a slide hole that is disposed along the vertical direction is opened in the middle of the top surface of the lower center connecting rod 66, and the bottom end of the upper center connecting rod 65 is disposed in the slide hole and can move up and down along the slide hole.
It can be understood that, by moving the upper center link 65 up and down in the sliding hole in the lower center link 66, the limit of the lower center link 66 to the upper center link 65 is achieved, because the top end and the low end of the pressure spring 63 are respectively connected to the jacking 61 and the jacking 62, the pressure spring 63 can jack up the jacking 61 upwards under the action of elastic force, and under the downward action of the gravity assembly, a certain acting force is applied to the jacking 61, the pressure spring 63 compresses and buffers, and slides downwards in the sliding hole in the lower center link 66 through the upper center link 65 until the pressure spring 63 compresses to the limit, and the buffering action to the gravity assembly is achieved through a plurality of buffering assemblies 6 in this embodiment.
In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the jacking 61 is provided with an upper annular protection ring 67, the surface of the bottom support 62 is provided with a lower annular protection ring 68, the lower annular protection ring 68 is sleeved in the upper annular protection ring 67, the pressure spring 63 is positioned in the lower annular protection ring 68, and the outer diameter of the lower annular protection ring 68 is equal to the inner diameter of the upper annular protection ring 67. It will be appreciated that when the pressure spring 63 pushes the jacking 61 to the highest, at this time, a part of the top end of the lower annular protection ring 68 is located inside the upper annular protection ring 67, so that when the pressure spring 63 is compressed downward, the upper annular protection ring 67 is ensured to be sleeved outside the lower annular protection ring 68 along with the jacking 61 in the downward moving process, and is connected with the inner wall of the lower annular protection ring 68 to move, and the upper annular protection ring 67 cannot move downward any more, and in this embodiment, the limiting effect of the lower annular protection ring 68 can restrict the compression direction of the pressure spring 63, and prevent foreign matters from entering the inside of the buffer assembly 6 to cause that the foreign matters cannot work normally.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the pressure bearing assembly includes a further locking platform 5; the locking platform 5 is annularly fixed on the periphery of the vertical shaft 12 and is positioned on the ground outside the top end of the vertical shaft 12, and the inner side of the locking platform 5 is fixedly connected with the buffer assembly 6, is positioned on the outer side of the buffer assembly 6 and is positioned below the pressure-bearing base 4 in the vertical direction.
As shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the locking platform 5 is fixedly connected with the buffer assembly 6 by setting angle steel 64; one end of angle steel 64 is arranged on the inner wall of locking platform 5, and the other end is fixed at the bottom of buffer assembly 6. It can be understood that under accident condition, the impact load that the free fall of gravity subassembly produced evenly disperses and transmits to each buffer module 6, and furthest's performance buffer module 6's buffering effect, buffer module 6 performance are to the limit state after, and gravity subassembly can realize buffering absorbing effect with locking platform 5's top conflict. Preferably, an elastic pad 51 may be provided on top of the locking platform 5, and a certain buffering and vibration-damping effect may be performed again through the elastic pad 51. The locking platform 5 in this embodiment is used for fixing the buffering component 6, and it is guaranteed that the buffering component 6 dampens and buffers the gravity component in the vertical direction, and meanwhile, the descending displacement of the gravity component is limited in the vertical direction, and the lowest position of the downward movement of the gravity component, namely, the pressure-bearing base 4 is in contact with the upper end of the locking platform 5.
In some embodiments, the energy storage system comprises a guide 3 comprising a guide channel and rollers; wherein a plurality of guide grooves are arranged, the plurality of guide grooves are distributed on the periphery of the gravity assembly, and the guide grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12 or the outer part of the vertical shaft 12; the roller is matched with the guide groove and connected with the bottom of the guide groove, so that the roller moves up and down along the bottom of the guide groove when the gravity assembly moves up and down.
The guide grooves of the specific guide device are multiple, the guide grooves are distributed on the periphery of the gravity assembly, and the guide grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the vertical shaft 12 or the outer part of the vertical shaft 12, that is, the guide grooves can be arranged in the vertical shaft 12 or the outer part of the vertical shaft 12. The plurality of rollers are arranged, the plurality of rollers are respectively arranged on the periphery of the gravity assembly through rotating shafts, and the rollers are connected with the bottoms of the guide grooves, so that the rollers move up and down along the bottoms of the guide grooves when the gravity assembly moves up and down, wherein the rollers and the guide grooves are matched for sliding, which is a common means in the mechanical field, and the details are not described.
It will be appreciated that when the gravity assembly is located in the shaft 12 and moves during the energy storage process, a plurality of guide grooves may be formed in the circumferential side of the inner wall of the shaft 12, for example, four guide grooves may be formed, 4 guide grooves may be formed in the inner wall of the shaft 12 at equal angles, and since the rollers on the gravity assembly are mounted on the circumferential side of the gravity assembly through the rotating shafts, the rollers may rotate on the gravity assembly, when the rollers are connected with the bottoms of the guide grooves, the rollers not only can limit the movement direction of the gravity assembly through the guide grooves, but also can cooperate with the rollers to restrict the movement direction of the gravity assembly, and simultaneously the gravity assembly moves vertically upwards or downwards along the direction of the guide grooves at a certain speed, and lubricant such as butter and graphite is periodically added to the contact position of the guide grooves and the rollers, so that friction is reduced and the conversion rate of gravitational potential energy is improved.
In addition, there is another possibility that the ground outside the top end of the shaft 12 is provided with a plurality of tower structures 2, as shown in fig. 4, the plurality of tower structures 2 are distributed on the periphery side of the shaft 12 and are located on the outer side of the locking platform 5, a plurality of guide grooves are respectively installed on the plurality of tower structures 2, that is, 4 tower structures 2 can be arranged, then 4 guide grooves are arranged on the 4 tower structures 2 outside the shaft 12, in the energy storage process, a part of the gravity component is located outside the shaft 12, a part of the gravity component is located inside the shaft 12, and the gravity component outer wall located inside the shaft 12 is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the shaft 12 through the sealing film 8.
In some embodiments, the plurality of gravity compacts 1 are each provided with a guide device 3 on a peripheral side thereof, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the guide devices 3 being mounted on the peripheral side of the gravity compacts 1 and located between the gravity compacts 1 and the turret structure 2 opposite the gravity compacts 1. The outer side wall of the gravity block 1 and the inner side wall of the tower are provided with gaps, as shown in fig. 5, a plurality of rollers are respectively arranged on the circumference of the gravity block group and the circumference of the outer wall of the top end of the pressure-bearing cylinder 10, so that the ground gravity block group and the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 move up and down along the guide groove through the rollers in the up and down moving process.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the circumference side of each gravity pressing block 1 is provided with a mounting groove, a steel plate groove is mounted in the mounting groove, a roller is positioned in the steel plate groove, a rotating shaft connected with the roller is mounted between the side walls of the two opposite sides of the steel plate groove, and the arrangement of the common structure is omitted.
In addition, the pressure cylinder 10 is filled with sand.
It can be appreciated that the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 can be a cylindrical structure surrounded by steel plates, the inside is a hollow structure, the weight reduction is convenient for hoisting, and in addition, the sand filling in the pressure-bearing cylinder 10 can increase the gravity of energy storage.
In addition, the gravity compressed air energy storage system further comprises an air compression unit, an air expansion unit and a generator; an inlet of the air compression unit is connected with an air inlet device, an outlet of the air compression unit is connected with an inlet of the air storage chamber 11 through an energy storage pipeline, an outlet of the air storage chamber 11 is connected with an inlet of the air expansion unit through an energy release pipeline, and an outlet of the air expansion unit is connected with a generator; a heat exchange unit is arranged between the energy storage pipeline and the energy release pipeline. The air compression unit can be provided with a plurality of stages of air compressors according to actual requirements; the air expansion unit can be provided with a plurality of stages of expansion machines according to actual needs.
The energy release pipeline is provided with a flow detection device, a pressure detection device and a regulating valve, and the flow detection device, the pressure detection device and the regulating valve are respectively connected with a control unit of the gravity compressed air energy storage system to monitor and control key parameters of the system in real time.
The gravity compressed air energy storage system in this embodiment is in operation:
The gravity compressed air energy storage system in the electricity consumption valley period of the power grid stores energy, an energy storage pipeline is closed, an energy storage pipeline is opened, air enters an air compression unit through an air inlet device to be compressed to become compressed air, the generated heat is stored in a heat exchange unit, the compressed air enters an air storage chamber 11 through the energy storage pipeline, the volume of the air storage chamber 11 is increased, a gravity pressing block 1 is lifted by the compressed air under a constant pressure, and electric energy is converted into compressed air energy and gravitational potential energy of the gravity pressing block 1;
In the peak period of power utilization of the power grid, the compressed air energy storage system releases energy, the energy release pipeline is opened, the energy storage pipeline is closed, the gravity pressing block 1 descends, the volume of the air storage chamber 11 is reduced, compressed air is heated by the heat exchange unit, and then enters the air expansion unit through the energy release pipeline to do work at constant pressure and drive the generator to generate power, so that the compressed air energy and the gravitational potential energy of the gravity pressing block 1 are converted into electric energy.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and further implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. A gravity compressed air energy storage system for a unconsolidated formation comprising a shaft; the vertical shaft is of a hollow structure with a certain wall thickness, and the top of the vertical shaft is opened and movably inserted with a gravity assembly in the gravity compressed air energy storage system; the inner wall of the vertical shaft is provided with a vertical shaft lining, and the outer wall of the vertical shaft is provided with an anti-sedimentation component; the anti-sedimentation assembly comprises a plurality of ring beams which are sequentially arranged in a spacing ring along the outer wall of the vertical shaft in the vertical direction; a gap is formed between the outer wall of the gravity assembly and the inner wall of the shaft lining, a sealing film is arranged in the gap, and the sealing film is in sealing connection with the outer wall of the gravity assembly and the inner wall of the shaft lining, so that an air storage chamber is formed by the sealing film, the space, below the sealing film, of the shaft and the gravity assembly;
The gravity assembly comprises a gravity block group and a pressure bearing assembly; wherein the gravity block group is arranged at the top of the pressure-bearing component; the bottom of the pressure-bearing component stretches into the vertical shaft, and the outer wall of the pressure-bearing component is connected with the sealing film; the top of the pressure-bearing component is positioned on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft; the pressure-bearing assembly comprises buffer assemblies which are distributed on the periphery of the vertical shaft and are positioned on the ground outside the top end of the vertical shaft.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the anti-settling assembly comprises a concrete plug; the concrete plug is arranged on the bottom and the outer wall of the vertical shaft in a semi-surrounding mode.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the shaft is constructed comprising:
planning the shape, size and depth of a vertical shaft on the surface of a soil layer;
At least arranging a group of annular freezing devices surrounded by a plurality of freezing holes on the peripheral side of the planned vertical shaft, and performing frozen soil layer construction; the minimum horizontal distance between the freezing hole and the outer side of the vertical shaft is the minimum horizontal distance between the freezing hole and the outer side of the vertical shaft, and frozen soil needs to be developed;
Building a shaft lining and anti-sedimentation component after excavating earthwork of the shaft; and grouting and solidifying through the freezing holes.
4. A system according to claim 3, wherein the circumferential centre of the freezing device coincides with the centre of gravity of the shaft; the aperture of the freezing hole is 16-20mm; and each set of the freezing devices comprises 8-12 freezing holes; the method for calculating the layout radius of the freezing device comprises the following steps:
R＝0.1T；
Wherein R is the layout radius, and the coefficient 0.1 is the frozen soil development speed 0.1m/d; t is the freezing time d.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein a horizontal distance between freezing holes in adjacent freezing devices in a horizontal direction is equal to a minimum horizontal distance of the freezing holes from outside the shaft.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the pressure bearing assembly comprises a pressure bearing cartridge and a pressure bearing base; wherein the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder stretches into the vertical shaft, and the top of the pressure-bearing cylinder is provided with a pressure-bearing base; the gravity block group is located above the bearing base, so that the bearing cylinder is supported on the ground at the top of the vertical shaft through the bearing base when moving downwards to the lowest limit, and the top of the buffer assembly is connected with the bearing base.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the damping assembly comprises a plurality of pressure springs distributed around the circumference of the shaft on the ground outside the top end of the shaft, and wherein the top of the pressure springs is connected to the bottom of the pressure base.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the cushioning assembly comprises a jacking and a jacking which are oppositely arranged, and the pressure spring is connected between the jacking and the jacking, an upper center connecting rod is arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the jacking, a lower center connecting rod is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the jacking, the upper center connecting rod and the lower center connecting rod are both positioned in the middle of the pressure spring, a sliding hole which is arranged along the vertical direction is formed in the middle of the top surface of the lower center connecting rod, and the bottom end of the upper center connecting rod is positioned in the sliding hole and can move up and down along the sliding hole.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein an upper annular guard ring is disposed on a bottom surface of the top support, a lower annular guard ring is disposed on a surface of the bottom support, the lower annular guard ring is sleeved in the upper annular guard ring, the pressure spring is located in the lower annular guard ring, and an outer diameter of the lower annular guard ring is equal to an inner diameter of the upper annular guard ring.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein the pressure bearing assembly comprises a locking platform; the locking platform is arranged on the periphery of the vertical shaft and is positioned on the ground outside the top end of the vertical shaft, connected with the buffer assembly and positioned on the outer side of the buffer assembly and used for fixing the buffer assembly.
11. The system of claim 10, wherein the locking platform is fixedly connected to the cushioning assembly by a set angle; one end of the angle steel is arranged on the inner wall of the locking platform, and the other end of the angle steel is fixed at the bottom of the buffer assembly.
12. The system of claim 6, wherein the energy storage system comprises a guide device comprising a guideway and rollers; the gravity assembly comprises a gravity assembly, a vertical shaft and a plurality of guide grooves, wherein the plurality of guide grooves are arranged on the periphery of the gravity assembly, and the guide grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the vertical shaft or the outer part of the vertical shaft; the roller is matched with the guide groove and connected with the bottom of the guide groove, so that the roller moves up and down along the bottom of the guide groove when the gravity assembly moves up and down.
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| CN202210795079.6A CN115218112B (en) | 2022-07-07 | 2022-07-07 | Vertical shaft of gravity compressed air energy storage system for unconsolidated formation and energy storage system |
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