CN115680599A - Zero-residue multistage detonation fracturing method and system - Google Patents
Zero-residue multistage detonation fracturing method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115680599A CN115680599A CN202211351795.1A CN202211351795A CN115680599A CN 115680599 A CN115680599 A CN 115680599A CN 202211351795 A CN202211351795 A CN 202211351795A CN 115680599 A CN115680599 A CN 115680599A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a zero-residue multistage detonation fracturing method and a zero-residue multistage detonation fracturing system, which solve the problems that the existing detonation fracturing device pollutes an oil well, cannot achieve the expected fracturing effect and has low work efficiency; the multistage detonation fracturing method comprises the following steps of 1: preparing deflagration fracturing explosive columns, central pipes and guide tail plugs in the deflagration fracturing system by using a material which can be combusted and can be dissolved when meeting chloride ions; step 2: when the deflagration fracturing system works, the detonator ignites the central tube and the deflagration fracturing explosive column; and step 3: burning the central tube, deflagrating the fracturing explosive column, and simultaneously guiding the tail plug to burn, thereby performing multistage deflagration fracturing; and 4, step 4: after deflagration fracturing is finished, the central pipe, the deflagration fracturing explosive column and the guide tail are used for plugging and burning residues after sintering and dropping into well water, and the residues are completely dissolved under the action of the well water to realize zero residues; in order to realize the method, the invention also provides two zero residue multistage detonation fracturing systems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multistage detonation fracturing system, in particular to a zero-residue multistage detonation fracturing method and a zero-residue multistage detonation fracturing system.
Background
The deflagration fracturing is mostly characterized in that a central aluminum tube with a certain thickness is adopted as a carrier of fracturing powder (fracturing bomb) at present, a plurality of sections of fracturing bombs are connected to form a string, wherein the central aluminum tube is closed, the tube wall of the central tube is broken by high-temperature high-pressure gas formed by deflagration of the igniting powder in the central tube during ignition, then the fracturing bomb outside the central aluminum tube is ignited, the central aluminum tube is also fried into a plurality of fragments during combustion, after the fracturing bomb burns, a large amount of central remains fall into a well tube, an oil well is polluted, and even a bridging blockage accident is caused, the normal operation of the next working procedure is seriously influenced, and the deflagration fracturing device with the structure has the following defects: firstly, because the ignition energy distributes unevenly in the center aluminum pipe or aluminum pipe wall mechanics defect, can cause inconsistent and the uncertain phenomenon in ignition position to fracturing bullet ignition intensity, make pressure rising speed and peak pressure can't obtain effective control, can't reach anticipated fracturing effect: secondly, the fracturing bomb and the central aluminum pipe are smashed in the combustion process and are in a free combustion state in the shaft, so that energy is dispersed, and work efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing deflagration fracturing device pollutes an oil well, cannot achieve the expected fracturing effect and has low work efficiency, and provides a zero-residue multistage deflagration fracturing method and a zero-residue multistage deflagration fracturing system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the zero residue multistage detonation fracturing technology is an effective production and injection increasing measure which is adopted for carrying out re-fracturing modification on an old well with reduced oil field productivity or a new well with low-porosity and low-permeability oil reservoir productivity which can not meet the requirement to restore the productivity, and is characterized in that: except that burning piece burning when can realizing deflagration fracturing, its connecting piece direction tail is stifled, dissolve the energizing tube and also can burn fast when realizing connecting and sealing function, further carry out the fracturing work to the stratum, burn into ashes simultaneously, can also strengthen the efficiency technique of fracturing when not causing the mineshaft junk to pollute, it is stifled to rethread setting up messenger's direction tail, dissolve the catalyst cabin that the energizing tube fully dissolved, make the direction tail stifled, dissolve the energizing tube and dissolve in water under the effect of catalyst fast, guarantee to dissolve fully not have the junk.
The zero-residue multistage detonation fracturing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: preparing a central pipe and a guide tail plug in a deflagration fracturing system by using a combustible material which can be dissolved when meeting chloride ions;
step 2: when the deflagration fracturing system works, the detonator ignites the central tube and the deflagration fracturing explosive column;
and 3, step 3: burning the central pipe, deflagrating the fracturing explosive column, simultaneously guiding the tail plug to burn, and further performing multistage deflagration fracturing;
and 4, step 4: after deflagration fracturing is finished, the central pipe, the deflagration fracturing explosive column and the guide tail block and burn residues after sintering and fall into well water, and the residues are completely dissolved under the action of the well water, so that zero residues are realized.
Further, in the step 1, a catalyst cabin is connected to the existing deflagration fracturing system, a catalyst is stored in the catalyst cabin, the catalyst is a compound containing chloride ions, and the catalyst cabin is made of a material which can be combusted and can be dissolved when meeting chloride ions;
in the step 3, burning the central pipe, deflagrating the fracturing explosive column, simultaneously leading the tail plug and the catalyst cabin to burn, and allowing the catalyst in the catalyst cabin to fall into well water to form catalytic liquid;
in step 4, during the residue that central tube, detonation fracturing powder column, direction tail were stifled and the catalyst cabin fires the back of sintering drops the catalysis liquid, the residue dissolves fast under the effect of catalysis liquid, the compound that contains chloride ion plays the catalytic action to dissolving of central tube, spliced pole, direction tail stifled, catalyst cabin, detonation fracturing powder column, promptly in detonation fracturing, the chloride ion cabin is smashed, chloride ion releases in the pit shaft, for burning the metal provides chloride ion concentration, dissolve totally fast it fully.
Furthermore, the guide tail plug, the central pipe and the catalyst cabin are made of magnesium-aluminum alloy;
the compound containing the chloride ions is magnesium chloride or sodium chloride.
The invention also provides a zero residue multistage detonation fracturing system, which is used for realizing the zero residue multistage detonation fracturing method and comprises a combustion piece, a gun head assembly and a detonator, and is characterized in that:
the device also comprises a guide tail plug, a central pipe and an energizing dissolving unit;
the energizing dissolving unit comprises a deflagration fracturing grain;
the central pipe is arranged inside the deflagration fracturing explosive column, and the outer wall of the central pipe is attached to the inside of the deflagration fracturing explosive column;
the gun head assembly is hermetically arranged at the upper end of the central tube, and the guide tail plug is hermetically arranged at the lower end of the central tube; the upper end of the detonator is connected with the gun head assembly, and the lower end of the detonator is positioned inside the upper end of the central tube;
the combustion piece is arranged in the central tube, and the upper end of the combustion piece is connected with the lower end of the detonator;
the guide tail plug, the central pipe and the deflagration fracturing grain are made of materials which can be burnt and can be dissolved when meeting chloride ions.
Furthermore, in order to accelerate the dissolving speed of the central tube, the deflagration fracturing explosive column, the guide tail plug and the like, the energy-increasing dissolving unit also comprises at least one catalyst cabin; the deflagration fracturing grain is coaxially connected with the catalyst cabin;
a compound containing chloride ions is stored in the catalyst cabin;
the catalyst cabin is made of a material which can be burnt and can be dissolved when meeting chloride ions.
Furthermore, the guiding tail plug, the central pipe and the catalyst cabin are made of magnesium-aluminum alloy;
the compound containing the chloride ions is magnesium chloride or sodium chloride.
The invention also provides another zero residue multistage detonation fracturing system which is used for realizing the zero residue multistage detonation fracturing method and comprises a combustion piece, a gun head assembly and a detonator, and is characterized in that:
the energy-increasing dissolving unit is connected with the guide tail plug in sequence;
the energizing dissolving unit comprises a deflagration fracturing explosive column;
the central pipes are arranged inside the deflagration fracturing explosive column, the outer walls of the central pipes are attached to the inside of the deflagration fracturing explosive column, two adjacent central pipes are connected through connecting columns, and the connecting columns are provided with through holes along the axial direction of the central pipes;
the gun head assembly is hermetically arranged at the upper end of the first central tube, and the guide tail plug is hermetically arranged at the lower end of the last central tube; the upper end of the detonator is connected with the gun head assembly, and the lower end of the detonator is positioned inside the upper end of the first central tube;
the combustion piece is arranged in the central tube, one end of the combustion piece is connected with the detonator, and the other end of the combustion piece sequentially penetrates through the through holes of the connecting column;
the guide tail plug, the central pipe, the deflagration fracturing grain and the connecting column are made of materials which can be combusted and can be dissolved when meeting chloride ions.
Further, the energizing dissolving unit also comprises at least one catalyst cabin; the deflagration fracturing grain is coaxially connected with the catalyst cabin;
a compound containing chloride ions is stored in the catalyst cabin;
the catalyst cabin is made of a material which can be burnt and can be dissolved when meeting chlorine ions.
Furthermore, the guide tail plug, the central pipe, the connecting column and the catalyst cabin are made of magnesium-aluminum alloy;
the compound containing the chloride ions is magnesium chloride or sodium chloride.
Furthermore, the energizing dissolving unit also comprises a catalyst cabin, and the deflagration fracturing explosive column is coaxially connected with the catalyst cabin; the deflagration fracturing explosive columns of two adjacent energizing dissolving units are connected with the catalyst cabin;
the catalyst cabin of the first energizing and dissolving unit is arranged at one end close to the gun head assembly, and the deflagration fracturing explosive column of the last energizing and dissolving unit is arranged at one end close to the guide tail plug.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the guide tail plug, the central pipe and the deflagration fracturing explosive column are made of materials which can be combusted and can be dissolved when meeting chloride ions, so that the guide tail plug, the central pipe and the deflagration fracturing explosive column can be combusted during deflagration operation to generate high-temperature and high-pressure energy; the guide tail plug, the central pipe and the deflagration fracturing grain are guaranteed to be completely dissolved, no metal residue is left in a shaft after deflagration operation, no pollution is caused to an oil well, and the acting time is prolonged, the fracturing effect is further enhanced and the acting efficiency is improved through the combustion function of the guide tail plug, the central pipe and the deflagration fracturing grain;
through the difference of the materials of the central tube, the connecting column, the guide tail plug and the deflagration fracturing explosive column, the burning speed of the central tube, the connecting column and the guide tail plug is slightly lower than that of the deflagration fracturing explosive column (the deflagration fracturing explosive column contains gunpowder), the subsequent energy supplement is provided for the burning of the deflagration fracturing explosive column, the effective operation time is increased for stratum fracturing again, and the multistage work of deflagration fracturing is realized.
2. In the invention, a catalyst cabin is additionally arranged and is made of a material which can be combusted and can be dissolved when meeting chloride ions, and the name of a compound containing the chloride ions is stored in the catalyst cabin, so that the dissolving speed of a central pipe, a deflagration fracturing explosive column, a guide tail plug and the like can be accelerated.
3. In the invention, the guide tail plug, the central pipe, the deflagration fracturing grain and the catalyst cabin form a multi-energy echelon structure, and the combustion gas of the combustion piece, the guide tail plug, the central pipe, the deflagration fracturing grain and the combustion gas of the catalyst cabin are jointly used as power to perform long-time fracturing work on the stratum, so that more radial cracks which are not influenced by ground stress are formed in a near well zone.
4. In the invention, after the deflagration operation, no metal residue falls into the shaft, and the oil well is not polluted, so the well washing equipment is not used for circularly washing the well; the potential operation hazard for subsequent shaft operation can not be caused; the occurrence of bridging and blocking accidents is avoided.
5. The system of the invention is also applicable to the existing detonation operation process.
6. In the invention, the compound containing the chloride ions plays a catalytic role in dissolving the central tube, the connecting column, the guide tail plug, the catalyst cabin and the deflagration fracturing explosive column, namely, the chloride ion cabin is broken down during deflagration fracturing, the chloride ions are released in the shaft, the concentration of the chloride ions is provided for burning metals, and the chloride ions are quickly and fully dissolved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a guide tail plug; 2. a central tube; 3. deflagrating the fracturing grain; 4. a catalyst compartment; 5. connecting columns; 6. a detonator; 7. a combustion member; 8. a gun head assembly.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a zero-residue multistage detonation fracturing system which comprises a gun head assembly 8, a detonator 6, a combustion piece 7, a guide tail plug 1, three energizing dissolving units and three central pipes 2, wherein the three energizing dissolving units are sequentially connected with one another, and the three central pipes correspond to the three energizing dissolving units one by one, as shown in figure 1;
the components are composed and connected in the following way:
the energy-increasing dissolving unit comprises a deflagration fracturing explosive column 3 and a catalyst cabin 4 which are sequentially connected, and the deflagration fracturing explosive columns 3 and the catalyst cabins 4 in the three energy-increasing dissolving units are arranged in a staggered mode;
the guide tail plug 1 comprises a guide column and a base platform which are connected with each other; the catalyst cabin 4 is stored with a catalyst containing a chloride ion solid compound;
the central tube 2 is arranged inside the deflagration fracturing grain 3, the outer wall of the central tube 2 is attached to the inner wall of the deflagration fracturing grain 3, the two connected central tubes 2 are connected through the connecting column 5, and the connecting column 5 is provided with a through hole along the axis of the central tube 2;
one end of the gun head component 8 is connected with external equipment, the other end of the gun head component 8 is hermetically arranged inside the first central pipe 2 through a sealing ring, the catalysis cabin 4 in the first energizing and dissolving unit is arranged on one side close to the gun head component 8, the detonator 6 is arranged at one end of the gun head component 8 arranged in the central pipe 2, namely the gun head component 8 is connected with the upper end of the detonator 6;
the guide post that the direction tail blocked up 1 sets up inside last center tube 2, and the base station setting that the direction tail blocked up 1 is in the outside of last center tube 2 for three inside sealed cavity that forms of center tube 2 through detonator 6, direction tail blocking up 1 and spliced pole 5.
The burning piece 7 is arranged inside the central tube 2, one end of the burning piece is connected with the lower end of the detonator 6, and the other end of the burning piece sequentially penetrates through the through holes of the two connecting columns 5.
The combustion element 7 may be a detonating cord or a combustion stick.
The guiding tail plug 1, the central pipe 2, the deflagration fracturing grain 3, the connecting column 5 and the catalyst cabin 4 are made of magnesium-aluminum alloy.
The compound containing chloride ions is magnesium chloride or sodium chloride.
In order to ensure the stability of the whole system, the base station of the guide tail plug 1 is attached to the end face of the last energizing dissolution unit, so that the energizing dissolution unit is supported, and the axial movement is prevented.
The catalyst cabin 4 is arranged, and compounds containing chloride ions are stored in the catalyst cabin 4, so that the dissolving speeds of the guide tail plug 1, the central pipe 2, the deflagration fracturing powder column 3 and the connecting column 5 are accelerated.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when in operation, the zero residue multistage detonation fracturing system is conveyed into an oil and gas well by a cable or a pipe column and is positioned, well water contains chloride ions, a detonator 6 in the zero residue multistage detonation fracturing system is detonated by the cable and a gun head assembly 8, the detonator 6 detonates a detonating cord or a combustion explosive strip, the detonating cord or the combustion explosive strip detonates or generates explosion or deflagration gas after detonation or deflagration to ignite and crack a central pipe 2 and a connecting column 5, and the deflagration fracturing explosive column 3, a catalyst cabin 4 and a guide tail plug 1 are further ignited to deflagrate the deflagration fracturing explosive column 3, establish a high-pressure environment in a shaft and further perform fracturing work on a stratum;
solid chlorine ion compounds in the catalyst cabin 4 are dissolved in liquid to release chlorine ions, and residues of the central pipe 2, the connecting column 5, the deflagration fracturing powder column 3, the catalyst cabin 4 and the guide tail plug 1 after combustion are dissolved rapidly.
The invention also provides a fracturing method based on the system, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: when the deflagration fracturing system works, the detonator 6 ignites the central tube 2 and the deflagration fracturing explosive column 3;
step 2: burning the central pipe 2, deflagrating the fracturing explosive column 3, and simultaneously burning the guide tail plug 1, thereby performing multistage deflagration fracturing;
and step 3: after deflagration fracturing is completed, the central tube 2, the deflagration fracturing grain 3 and the guide tail plug 1 burn residues after sintering and fall into well water, and the residues are completely dissolved under the action of the well water, so that zero residues are realized.
Claims (10)
1. A zero-residue multi-stage deflagration fracturing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: preparing a central pipe (2) and a guide tail plug (1) in a deflagration fracturing system by using a combustible material which can be dissolved when meeting chloride ions;
step 2: when the deflagration fracturing system works, the detonator (6) ignites the central tube (2) and the deflagration fracturing explosive column (3);
and 3, step 3: burning the central pipe (2), deflagrating the fracturing explosive column (3), and simultaneously burning the guide tail plug (1) so as to perform multistage deflagration fracturing;
and 4, step 4: after deflagration fracturing is completed, residues after combustion of the central pipe (2) and the guide tail plug (1) fall into well water, and the residues are completely dissolved under the action of the well water, so that zero residues are realized.
2. The zero-residue multi-stage deflagration fracturing method of claim 1, wherein:
in the step 1, a catalyst cabin (4) is connected to the deflagration fracturing system, a catalyst is stored in the catalyst cabin (4), the catalyst is a compound containing chloride ions, and the catalyst cabin (4) is made of a material which can be burnt and can be dissolved when meeting chloride ions;
in the step 3, the central pipe (2) burns, the deflagration fracturing explosive column (3) deflagrates, the guide tail plug (1) and the catalyst cabin (4) burn at the same time, and the catalyst falls into well water to form catalytic liquid;
in the step 4, the residues generated after the central pipe (2), the deflagration fracturing explosive column (3), the guide tail plug (1) and the catalyst cabin (4) are combusted fall into the catalytic liquid, and the residues are quickly dissolved under the action of the catalytic liquid.
3. The zero-residue multi-stage deflagration fracturing method of claim 2, wherein:
in the step 1, the guide tail plug (1), the central pipe (2) and the catalyst cabin (4) are made of magnesium-aluminum alloy;
the compound containing the chloride ions is magnesium chloride or sodium chloride.
4. A zero-residue multistage detonation fracturing system for implementing the zero-residue multistage detonation fracturing method of any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a combustion member (7), a gun head assembly (8) and a detonator (6), characterized in that:
the device also comprises a guide tail plug (1), a central pipe (2) and an energizing dissolving unit;
the energizing dissolving unit comprises a deflagration fracturing grain (3);
the central tube (2) is arranged inside the deflagration fracturing grain (3), and the outer wall of the central tube (2) is attached to the inside of the deflagration fracturing grain (3);
the gun head assembly (8) is hermetically arranged at the upper end of the central tube (2), and the guide tail plug (1) is hermetically arranged at the lower end of the central tube (2); the upper end of the detonator (6) is connected with the gun head assembly (8), and the lower end of the detonator is positioned inside the upper end of the central tube (2);
the combustion piece (7) is arranged inside the central tube (2), and the upper end of the combustion piece (7) is connected with the lower end of the detonator (6);
the guide tail plug (1), the central tube (2) and the deflagration fracturing grain (3) are made of materials which can be burnt and can be dissolved when meeting chloride ions.
5. The zero-residue multi-stage deflagration fracturing system of claim 4, wherein:
the energized dissolving unit further comprises at least one catalyst compartment (4); the deflagration fracturing grain (3) is coaxially connected with the catalyst cabin (4);
a compound containing chloride ions is stored in the catalyst cabin (4);
the catalyst cabin (4) is made of a combustible material which can be dissolved in the presence of chlorine ions.
6. The zero-residue multi-stage deflagration fracturing system of claim 5, wherein:
the guide tail plug (1), the central pipe (2) and the catalyst cabin (4) are made of magnesium-aluminum alloy;
the compound containing the chloride ions is magnesium chloride or sodium chloride.
7. A zero-residue multi-stage deflagration fracturing system for implementing a zero-residue multi-stage deflagration fracturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a combustion element (7), a gun head assembly (8) and a detonator (6), characterized in that:
the energy-increasing and dissolving device also comprises a guide tail plug (1), at least two energy-increasing and dissolving units which are sequentially connected and central pipes (2) which are the same in number as the energy-increasing and dissolving units and correspond to the energy-increasing and dissolving units one by one;
the energizing dissolving unit comprises a deflagration fracturing grain (3);
the central pipes (2) are arranged inside the deflagration fracturing explosive columns (3), the outer walls of the central pipes (2) are attached to the inside of the deflagration fracturing explosive columns (3), two adjacent central pipes (2) are connected through connecting columns (5), and the connecting columns (5) are provided with through holes along the axial direction of the central pipes (2);
the gun head assembly (8) is hermetically arranged at the upper end of a first central tube (2), and the guide tail plug (1) is hermetically arranged at the lower end of a last central tube (2); the upper end of the detonator (6) is connected with the gun head assembly (8), and the lower end of the detonator is positioned inside the upper end of the first central tube (2);
the combustion piece (7) is arranged in the central tube (2), one end of the combustion piece (7) is connected with the detonator (6), and the other end of the combustion piece (7) sequentially penetrates through the through holes of the connecting columns (5) and is positioned in the last central tube (2);
the guide tail plug (1), the central tube (2), the deflagration fracturing grain (3) and the connecting column (5) are made of materials which can be burnt and can be dissolved when meeting chloride ions.
8. The zero-residue multi-stage deflagration fracturing system of claim 7, wherein:
the energized dissolving unit further comprises at least one catalyst compartment (4); the deflagration fracturing grain (3) is coaxially connected with the catalyst cabin (4);
a compound containing chloride ions is stored in the catalyst cabin (4);
the catalyst cabin (4) is made of a combustible material which can be dissolved in the presence of chlorine ions.
9. The zero-residue multi-stage deflagration fracturing system of claim 8, wherein:
the guide tail plug (1), the central pipe (2), the connecting column (5) and the catalyst cabin (4) are made of magnesium-aluminum alloy;
the compound containing the chloride ions is magnesium chloride or sodium chloride.
10. The zero-residue multi-stage deflagration fracturing system of claim 9, wherein:
the energizing dissolving unit comprises a catalyst cabin (4), and the deflagration fracturing grain (3) is coaxially connected with the catalyst cabin (4); the deflagration fracturing explosive columns (3) of two adjacent energizing dissolving units are connected with the catalyst cabin (4);
the catalyst cabin (4) of the first energizing dissolving unit is arranged at one end close to the gun head assembly (8), and the deflagration fracturing powder column (3) of the last energizing dissolving unit is arranged at one end close to the guide tail plug (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211351795.1A CN115680599A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Zero-residue multistage detonation fracturing method and system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211351795.1A CN115680599A (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2022-10-31 | Zero-residue multistage detonation fracturing method and system |
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| CN115680599A true CN115680599A (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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