CN115680500A - Broken rock dredging bucket broken chain rock lifting shortcut hole forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to solve the defect problem existing in large-diameter pore-forming, the invention gives full play to the advantages of water swelling (hydraulic) cracking rock, and uses a new process technical method: the method comprises the steps of a plurality of types of construction platforms, supporting the new technology of pipe stabilization and hole protection, rock breaking and drilling, hole washing and slag discharging, expanding and cracking rock, dredging rock, turning into a bucket, discharging out of the bucket, conveying rock by a chain bucket, cleaning bottom and expanding holes, and the like, and the new mode of pile foundation rock embedding is created to become a shortcut hole forming method. During large-diameter pore-forming, small-caliber down-the-hole drilling is adopted, the rock breaking and pore-forming impact is fast, the energy consumption is low, the sliding frame is easy to increase, the drill rod is lengthened, the number of times of connecting and disconnecting the rod is reduced, the operation efficiency is improved, water expansion (hydraulic) rock cracking is adopted, effective rock dredging and crushing are carried out, rock is conveyed by a chain bucket, and the construction method of the original process rock-socketed foundation pile is overturned.

Description

Broken rock dredging bucket broken chain rock lifting shortcut hole forming method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for drilling, reaming and forming holes on rocks, in particular to a method for forming holes on water areas or land areas by adopting down-the-hole and small-sized cluster down-the-hole, and then expanding holes on water expansion cracked rocks, loose rocks, crushed rocks and rock conveying, which is a shortcut hole forming method and can lead foundation piles which are gradually large to be embedded into rocks, particularly in ocean water areas, and belongs to the field of rock drilling engineering construction.

Background

According to the traditional hole forming mode, for the rock with certain compressive strength, an impact drilling or rotary drilling mode is usually adopted for construction; the pore size is advantageous when it is in the range of reasonable or conventional sizes, i.e. less than 500 mm; when the aperture is larger or larger, adopting a down-the-hole and a cluster down-the-hole or a cone or milling rock breaking to form a hole; the rock breaking process has large energy consumption, long pore-forming time consumption, quick cutter abrasion, large total mass of a mechanical system, large stress and serious influence on safety.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defect problem existing in large-diameter pore-forming, the invention fully applies and exerts the advantages of water spalling rock, and spalling rock breaking is completed mechanically; using a new process technology route: the method comprises a plurality of types of construction platforms, and the application of the working procedures of pipe stabilization and hole protection, rock breaking and drilling, hole washing and slag discharging, rock expansion and cracking, rock dredging, rock overturning and entering into a hopper, rock breaking and bucket changing, chain hopper rock conveying, bottom clearing and hole expanding and the like in a new process is supported, so that a new pile foundation rock embedding mode, a new method and a shortcut hole forming construction method are created.

The innovation point of the method is that a series of equipment performances are applied, and holes are formed through shortcut:

1. the sliding frame of the drilling machine is skillfully applied to have a telescopic function and can incline and change the angle to a laying down function, and the matched sleeve has the function of positioning by changing the angle (see ZL.2019 2233808.5);

2. the double-track working function of a drilling machine and a sleeve is ingeniously applied, the drilling machine can move, and a carriage can also move in the same direction of the track (see ZL.2019 2233808.5);

3. the drilling machine is skillfully applied, the drilling machine can be rotated on the platform to change a hole position, and the pipe stabilizing sliding frame can change the hole position along with the rotation (see ZL.2019 2233808.5);

4. the pipe stabilizing carriage is ingeniously applied, and the function of crushing rocks by independently clamping a dredging machine can be realized (see ZL.2019 2233808.5):

5. skillfully applying a combination of a drill carriage rock drilling machine and a swingable scabbling function, and accommodating a rock dredging hopper (see ZL.2019 2233808.5);

6. the hole site is moved out by skillfully applying the rotation mechanism of the drilling machine to translate a certain distance, so that the spalling clamping and positioning device clamps the spalling rod and sends the spalling rod into the spalling hole; the function of lifting and taking out the spalling rod by the spalling rock rear clamping device is improved (see 2022 0552225.8);

7. cleft expansion Dan Jiju is skillfully applied to disengage the clamping mechanism, positioned underwater in a rock expansion waiting combination, hung on a lifting anchor frame and lifted (see 2022 1626422.6);

8. the target rock is easy to burst quickly by skillfully applying a bursting technology;

9. skillfully applying the functions of expanding and breaking through a rock dredging machine and also having the function of turning over rocks and moving positions (see 2022 1140512.4);

10. the crushing function of the hydraulic crushing bucket is skillfully applied, the underwater feeding and installation function is convenient, and the feeding direction is easy to be adjusted slightly by the material port;

11. the function of lifting stone materials by using the chain bucket is ingeniously applied, the distance between the upper guide wheel and the lower guide wheel is adjusted to relatively change the height and the size, and the underwater stone depth change is adapted;

12. skillfully applying the function of the bottom cleaning drilling tool to drive the roughening machine to change the roughening position; all the installation is controlled by the platform to realize the rapid pore-forming of the pile hole.

The working principle is as follows: moving the pore-forming platform, giving way to the position of the hole-protecting sleeve, hoisting the sleeve with the designed and matched size specification, and clamping the sleeve by using a platform pipe clamping tongs mechanism for positioning;

the method comprises the following steps that through a special mechanism arranged on a platform, associated machines are driven by oil pressure or air pressure and water pressure power, drilling, through groove and static splitting rock operation are completed in a mechanical control mode at a set construction station, the loose rock turning rock is completed and sent into a crushing bucket to be crushed, crushed rocks flow to a discharge notch, and the crushed rocks are loaded into a lifting conveying machine and sent into a standby container or the sea; and embedding piles in the formed holes, and pouring cages to grout and fix foundation piles.

The process technical route of the invention is as follows: the method mainly comprises the steps of stabilizing a pipe, protecting a hole, breaking rock, drilling a hole, discharging slag, forming a hole, expanding rock, dredging rock, crushing, lifting, conveying rock, expanding bottom, cleaning a hole and embedding a rock and sinking a pile pipe.

The underwater pipe clamping device is provided with a special platform for underwater positioning and water rotation, and a pipe clamping mechanism arranged on the platform is used for clamping the immersed pipe to position the immersed pipe; two sets of sleeve clamps on the pipe stabilizing sliding frame are driven by a lifting oil cylinder arranged on the drilling rig platform to clamp the hole forming sleeve, and the pipe is stabilized after moving up and down at a preset position or enabling a pipe stabilizing swing oil cylinder to swing to a set position and abutting against rocks.

The drilling machine drives a slewing mechanism and a drilling tool by a power machine which generates electric energy, wind pressure energy, hydraulic energy and water pressure energy, the slewing mechanism and the drilling tool are positioned along a sliding frame with a certain length by matching with a pipe stabilizing protection hole under the action of a pushing mechanism, the drilling tool generates high-frequency vibration impact force and shearing force to be transmitted to underwater rocks, and after the vibration force and the shearing force overcome the resistance of the rocks, the rocks are crushed into particles and small-particle rock powder which are pushed by a wind pressure or water pressure medium to be moved away from the original surface layer position, so that slag is removed and an initial hole is formed.

Arranging expansion cracking holes at the periphery of the leading-in hole, after drilling the expansion cracking holes, moving the drilling tool away from the hole site, installing a matched rock-cracking clamping machine to stretch into the hole, performing time-sharing segmented expansion breaking on target rocks, and controlling the quality of the rock expansion process;

and (4) crushing the target rock which is burst by using a rock dredging mechanical machine, turning over and moving the target hole site rock in the process, and feeding the rock into a feeding port of the crusher.

The large blocky rock Dan Po is crushed into rock blocks with set sizes by using a crusher, and the rock blocks are fed into a conveying gallery material port of a bucket chain conveying mechanism from a material outlet of the crusher.

The discharge port of the conveying mechanism conveying gallery is aligned with the feed hopper port of the lifting conveying mechanism and is respectively loaded into each hopper, and the specification stones are sequentially conveyed to a material throwing place by virtue of the platform in the conveying process.

And (4) installing a chiseling machine with a bottom cleaning drilling tool to chiseling burrs which protrude out of the rock surface, so that the hole is in accordance with the size of the pile diameter.

And (4) hoisting the foundation pile and the cast-in-place pile reinforcement cage into the rock embedding hole, adjusting, checking and installing, conveying the cast-in-place slurry mixture, and performing cast-in-place and solidification molding.

The advantages of the technology are as follows: the equipment is easy to manufacture, the cost is low, and the construction cost is low.

The technology replaces the habit of carrying out a large amount of milling and hole forming on a large-area target body with the compressive strength of the target rock being more than 40MPa in the construction of the prior art; the small-caliber drilling is adopted, the rock-breaking impact hole-forming speed is high, and the energy consumption is low; the sliding frame is easy to increase, the rod connecting and disassembling times are reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved; the cluster drilling tool expands holes of all drilling tools and small apertures, and the cluster is easy to realize in combination with small aperture and relatively high efficiency.

The technology uses the bursting rod to insert into the formed hole, and uses an internal force application method to burst the rock, so that the rock breaking speed is high, and the energy consumption is reduced by multiple times; the technical link of the project implementation is that the drilling rod assembly machine is adopted, rock bursting sequence control, related rock dredging, rock breaking, chain lifting and rock throwing are carried out, a mechanical control system and a construction high-speed circulation flow are adopted, and high efficiency and low consumption of hole forming are realized.

The extent to which this technique has alternatives to the prior art is: the large-diameter hard rock pile hole is almost completely replaced, and other conditions are met.

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process hole composition structure

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rock-socketed process route

The drawings attached to the present specification are for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to limit the scope of implementations, so that the present disclosure will be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art.

Detailed Description

In the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, the outer ring hole is a contour hole in the range of rock-socketed piles, the contour of piles with different specifications are separated by using holes with the diameter of 115mm (or 138 mm), the middle hole and each ring hole are guide holes for rock breaking and lifting which are drilled according to the requirements, the specifications of the diameter of 1200-1800-2400mm and the like can be selected according to the range required by the use, a breaking bucket or a chain bucket and a guide mechanism can be accommodated, and the holes can be drilled in place at one time; and drilling a plurality of spalling holes (omitted in a clear figure for illustration) with the diameter of 115mm (or 138 mm) on the periphery of the leading-in hole, reasonably determining the drilling depth according to geological data, flexibly formulating in actual combat, and solving spalling rock breaking, rock dredging, rock breaking, rock lifting and high-speed final hole forming.

The platform design and manufacture key points are as follows: the drilling machine is matched with a drilling machine for hole forming, and after the drilling machine is installed, the functions of the drilling machine can be reasonably applied and drilling can be completed; the pipe stabilizing device is characterized in that a pipe stabilizing device is arranged on an inner circle and an outer circle of an annular radius, six movable pipe stabilizing sleeves capable of moving inside and outside are arranged on the lower layer of the outer circle of the radius of an installation platform in an average three-equal way, three movable pipe stabilizing sleeves are arranged on the inner circle and the lower platform surface of a slewing bearing, three movable pipe stabilizing pliers are arranged on the upper surface of a middle platform of the installation platform, the pipe stabilizing sleeves can cover all hole sites in moving and slewing, three sets of tracks in three equal ways are arranged on the upper surface of the platform, three drilling machines can move along the radius direction, the three drilling machines can rotate to swing angles, lower pipe stabilizing hole sites can be found respectively, and therefore the hole site full coverage is achieved.

The positioning and guiding transmission device for the clamping shell column object is perfectly manufactured according to the reasonable quality and the outline dimension determined by construction practice;

performing perfect manufacturing research on a machine clamp expansion rock burst Dan Xin machine clamp according to the water depth and the thickness of a rock-socketed layer;

carrying out process optimization on a novel mechanical tool for dredging rocks according to the thickness of the spalled rocks; carrying out perfect design and manufacturing research according to the size range of the crack, combining a crushing bucket and a chain bucket conveyor with a platform and forming a hole and selecting a type, and leading the system to be coordinately matched and installed;

the reasonability of the bursting area, the rock cracking amount and the rock dredging amount to the feeding of the crushing hopper is controlled in a key mode, a better configuration parameter relation is found out, each procedure is intelligently controlled, and the construction is rapidly and stably progressed;

the novel technology endows the water swelling cracking rod rock breaking principle and application practice to a project reaming process, and is realized by a novel technology of 'multiple deformation of a drilling machine, traditional process, down-the-hole small drill bit, full-position working procedure, repeated expansion of swelling cracking, half-time conservation of broken rocks, expansion crushing and dredging chains drilling, and bottom expansion and slag removal of rocks': making a near-empty hole or a near-empty surface on a target rock by using an impact drilling method, selecting a drill bit with the diameter of 400mm to perform initial hole forming operation (a down-the-hole small drill bit) according to the efficacy of products supplied and demanded by the current professional market, expanding holes by using a cluster drill, selecting a range with a common specification (the down-the-hole small drill bit) to expand holes, and easily installing a specification hydraulic crushing bucket or a chain bucket mechanism, wherein the depth is preferably 2m deeper than the spalling depth; selecting the specification of 115mm (or 138 mm) of the diameter of a spalling hole; the hole distribution density is different, when the hole distribution is dense for opening a large-diameter communication groove, other spalling Kong Bukong are evacuated properly (the working procedure is full), a static water-swelling rock cracking method is adopted, a plurality of drilled holes with certain specifications are loaded into a machine-clamped spalling rod (spalling and re-expanding diameter) according to set requirements, spalling cannot be carried out simultaneously after the spalling rod is loaded, and batch sequencing spalling (rock breaking and half-time maintaining) is considered; the special technology of a rock dredging mechanical machine is applied to simply crushing the spalled rock, the rock at the hole part of the rock dredging groove is firstly emphasized, and the rock is loaded into a hydraulic crushing bucket to crush the rock and a chain bucket to transmit and throw the rock to a set storage position (drilling and spalling a dredging chain) during overturning; the hole is formed at the target rock, and in order to expand the bottom according to the hole-forming specification rule, the hole is trimmed by the combination of the chiseling drill bits to reach the rock-socketed pile requirement parameters (bottom expansion slag removal rock), so that the construction difficulty of the wind power pile or the pier pile is reduced, the construction cost is reduced, potential safety hazards are eliminated, and the problem of excavation of various large pile holes is solved subversively.

The marine operation, sea water increases the anticorrosive requirement of the product, the application requirement of the existing land product to the water area construction needs to be perfected, the reasonable material of the product is selected, the reasonable cost of the research is reduced under the condition of guaranteeing the quality, and the problem that the service life of the product is seriously influenced is solved.

The drilling machine in the technology is a drilling machine to be developed in the market and related patents, and further description is not provided.

The drilling tool in the technology is a drilling tool to be developed in the market and related patents, and is not further described here.

The bursting tool in the technology is a market tool and a to-be-developed bursting tool of related patents, and is not further described herein.

The rock dredging mechanical tool is a commercial rock dredging mechanical tool and a tool to be developed in a related patent, and is not further described herein.

The crusher bucket in the technology is a crusher bucket of a market crusher bucket and a to-be-developed machine tool of a related patent, and further description is not provided.

The bucket chain machine in the technology is a market bucket chain machine and a pending bucket chain machine of related patents, and further description is not provided.

The hydraulic system of the present invention is a conventional normal system and will not be further described herein.

The invention is characterized in that: the method is suitable for excavating various large-diameter holes and overturns the inherent rock-socketing process.

The mechanical tool has simple structure, is convenient to produce, manufacture, use and maintain; the device can be installed on a water area drilling machine to complete the drilling, pore-forming and rock-dredging operation of water area rocks; the method can also be applied to large-scale drilling equipment to complete hole sites of large-diameter deep-hole rock holes in land areas.

The invention has the advantages that: the rock-socketed construction cost is low, and the speed is accelerated.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. In order to solve the defect problem existing in large-diameter hole forming, the invention gives full play to the advantages of water swelling cracking rocks and uses a new process technical route; the construction method comprises a plurality of types of construction platforms, supports the application of the working procedures of stabilizing pipes and protecting holes, breaking rocks, drilling holes, washing holes and discharging slag, expanding and cracking rocks, turning the rocks into a hopper, discharging the crushed rocks out of the hopper, conveying the rocks by a chain hopper, cleaning bottoms, reaming and the like, and becomes a shortcut hole-forming construction method;

the working principle is as follows: moving the pore-forming platform to give way to the position of the protective hole immersed tube, hoisting the immersed tube with the designed size specification, and clamping the immersed tube by the platform through a tube clamp mechanism for positioning;

the method comprises the following steps that through a special mechanism arranged on a platform, associated machines are driven by oil pressure or air pressure and water pressure power, at a set construction station, the operations of drilling, groove cutting and static splitting of rocks are completed in a mechanical control mode, the loose rock turning rock blocks are sent into a crushing bucket to be crushed, crushed rocks flow to a discharge notch, and the crushed rocks are loaded into a lifting conveying machine and sent into a standby container or the sea; embedding piles in the formed holes, and placing cages for grouting to fix foundation piles;

the process route of the invention is as follows: stabilizing pipes, protecting holes, breaking rocks, drilling holes, discharging slag, forming holes, expanding rocks, crushing, lifting various machines into place, expanding cracks, dredging rocks, turning over, crushing rocks, lifting and conveying rocks, expanding holes, cleaning bottoms and sinking pipe piles;

the underwater positioning overwater rotating special platform is provided, and the immersed tube is clamped and positioned by a tube clamping mechanism arranged on the platform; two sets of sleeve clamps on the pipe stabilizing carriage are driven by a lifting oil cylinder arranged on the drilling rig platform to clamp the hole forming sleeves, and the pipe stabilizing carriage moves up and down in a prepositioned position or enables a pipe stabilizing swing oil cylinder to swing to a set position to stabilize the pipes after propping against rocks;

the drilling machine drives a swing mechanism and a drilling tool by a power machine which generates electric energy, wind pressure energy, hydraulic energy and water pressure energy, the swing mechanism and the drilling tool are driven by the power machine to be positioned along a sliding frame with a certain length under the action of a pushing mechanism in a matching way with a pipe stabilizing hole protecting way, the drilling tool generates high-frequency vibration impact force and shearing force to be transmitted to underwater rocks, after the vibration force and the shearing force overcome the resistance of the rocks, the rocks are crushed into particles and small-particle rock powder, the particles are moved away from the original surface layer under the pushing action of wind pressure or water pressure media, slag is removed, initial holes are formed, and the holes enable a crushing hopper to be easily and accurately filled, so that the rock dredging and feeding are guaranteed; the hole enables the bucket chain to be easily and accurately loaded, and ensures the feeding of the bucket chain;

after the expansion crack hole drilling is completed, the drilling tool is moved away from the hole site, and a matched rock cracking clamping machine is installed, so that the expansion crack rod extends into the hole, the target rock is subjected to time-sharing segmented expansion, and the quality of the rock expansion process is controlled;

the large blocky rock Dan Po is crushed into rock blocks with set sizes by using a crusher, and the rock blocks are fed into a conveying gallery material port of a bucket chain conveying mechanism from a material outlet of the crusher.

The discharge port of the conveying mechanism conveying gallery is aligned with the feed hopper port of the lifting conveying mechanism and is respectively loaded into each hopper, and the specification stones are sequentially conveyed to a material throwing place by virtue of the platform in the conveying process.

And (4) installing a chiseling machine by using a bottom cleaning drilling tool, wherein the chiseling protrusion does not conform to the rock surface, so that the hole conforms to the size of the pile diameter.

2. According to claim 1, there is a dedicated platform for underwater positioning and overwater rotation, the immersed tube is clamped and positioned by a tube clamping mechanism mounted on the platform; two sets of sleeve clamps on the pipe stabilizing carriage are driven by a lifting oil cylinder arranged on the drill stand platform to clamp the hole forming sleeve, and the pipe stabilizing carriage moves up and down in a prepositioned manner or enables a pipe stabilizing swing oil cylinder to swing to a set position to support a rock and then stabilize the pipe;

after the expansion crack hole drilling is completed, the drilling tool is moved away from the hole site, and a matched rock cracking clamping machine is installed, so that the expansion crack rod extends into the hole, the target rock is subjected to time-sharing segmented expansion, and the quality of the rock expansion process is controlled;

and (4) crushing the target rock which is burst by using a rock dredging mechanical machine, turning over and moving the target hole site rock in the process, and feeding the rock into a feeding port of the crusher.

3. According to the claim 1, the drilling machine is characterized in that the power machine generating electric energy, wind pressure energy, hydraulic energy and hydraulic energy drives the rotary mechanism and the drilling tool to enable the rotary mechanism and the drilling tool to be positioned along the sliding frame with a certain length in a matched manner with the pipe stabilizing hole protecting hole under the action of the pushing mechanism, the drilling tool generates high-frequency vibration impact force and shearing force to be transmitted to the underwater rock, and after the vibration force and the shearing force overcome the resistance of the rock, the rock is crushed into particles and small-particle rock powder, and the particles are moved away from the original surface position under the pushing of the wind pressure or water pressure medium, so that slag is removed and an initial hole is formed. The hole enables the crushing bucket to be easily and accurately loaded, and guarantees the rock dredging and feeding; the hole enables the bucket chain to be easily and accurately loaded, and feeding of the bucket chain is guaranteed.

4. According to the claim 1, after the hole is drilled in the expansion crack hole, the drilling tool is moved away from the hole site, and a matched rock cracking clamping machine is installed, so that the expansion crack rod extends into the hole, the target rock is subjected to time-sharing segmented expansion, and the quality of the rock expansion process is controlled.

5. According to claim 1, the target rock is crushed by using a rock crushing machine, and the target hole site rock is turned over and moved in the process and enters a feeding port of the crusher.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the crusher is used to crush the large blocky rocks Dan Po into rock pieces of a predetermined size, and the rock pieces are fed from the discharge port of the crusher to the port of the hopper chain conveyor gallery.

7. According to claim 1, the discharge opening of the conveying mechanism conveying gallery is aligned with the feed hopper opening of the lifting conveying mechanism and is respectively loaded into each hopper, and the specification stones are sequentially conveyed to the material throwing place by the platform in the conveying process.

8. According to claim 1, the chiseling machine is installed with a bottom-clearing drill, the chiseling protruding out of the rock face so that the hole conforms to the pile diameter.

9. The stable pipe is arranged on the inner circle and the outer circle of the annular radius, six sets of movable stable pipes capable of moving inside and outside are arranged on the lower layer of the outer circle of the radius of the mounting platform in an average three equal parts, three sets are arranged on the inner ring and the lower platform surface of the slewing bearing, three sets are arranged on the upper platform surface of the outer ring, the large stable pipe is arranged on the middle platform of the mounting platform, the stable pipe covers all hole sites in moving and slewing, three sets of tracks in three equal parts are arranged on the upper platform surface, three drilling machines move along the radius direction, the three drilling machines can rotate and swing, the hole sites of the lower stable pipe are respectively found, and therefore the hole site full coverage is achieved.

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