CN115679087A - Laser shock peening rapid coating method - Google Patents
Laser shock peening rapid coating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115679087A CN115679087A CN202210879971.2A CN202210879971A CN115679087A CN 115679087 A CN115679087 A CN 115679087A CN 202210879971 A CN202210879971 A CN 202210879971A CN 115679087 A CN115679087 A CN 115679087A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser shock peening rapid coating method, which comprises the following steps: determining a region to be strengthened of the structural member according to the stress concentration position of the structural member; carrying out metal plating treatment on the area to be strengthened; and performing laser shock strengthening by taking the metal coating as an absorption layer. The rapid coating method for laser shock peening aims to solve the problem that the laser shock peening process is unstable due to the fact that an absorption layer is difficult to stick, easy to wrinkle, bulge and even break.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a laser shock peening rapid coating method.
Background
When the structures such as gears and splines are subjected to impact strengthening, the absorption layer is difficult to adhere, and is easy to wrinkle, bulge and even break, so that the laser impact strengthening process is unstable. Zhang Ling Feng, zhang Yongkang, etc. in order to solve the problem of poor restraint effect in the original technology, the acrylic acid synthetic resin and the polyvinyl chloride glue are adopted to replace silica gel to be used as a restraint layer. Test results show that the constraint effect of the two materials is far better than that of silica gel, the hardness of the impacted material is more than 33HV, the maximum residual compressive stress is about 60MPa and is close to the constraint level of optical glass (the hardness and the residual stress are respectively about 34HV and 70MPa), the problem of poor constraint effect of the silica gel is well solved, the flexible film pasting technology is more close to practicality (research on flexible films for laser impact, the laser technology, 2007 year 01), and meanwhile, the laser impact test of the austenitic stainless steel is carried out by matching a black paint coating with an improved formula with a water constraint layer and the flexible film pasting technology.
The conventional absorption layers comprise black paint, aluminum foil adhesive tapes, electrical adhesive tapes and the like, the parts of the structures such as gears, splines and the like for laser shock strengthening are gear roots, the laser introduction of the parts is difficult, the adhesion of solid absorption layers is difficult, bubbles are easily mixed on complex surfaces such as welding lines with welding ripples, undercuts and splashes for adhesion of the aluminum foil adhesive tapes, and the complex surfaces are damaged during laser shock strengthening. For the laser shock peening of high-strength and high-hardness surface, 10GW/cm is often needed due to high power density 2 In the above, when the laser shock wave reaches the high-strength and high-hardness surface from the aluminum foil tape through the adhesive layer, the three media pass through, and if bubbles exist, the three media are equivalent to four media with different acoustic impedances, so that the aluminum foil tape is more easily bulged and even broken, the aluminum foil tape needs to be pasted again, and the laser shock strengthening effect and efficiency are influenced.
Thus, the inventors provide a laser shock peening rapid coating process.
Disclosure of Invention
(1) Technical problem to be solved
The embodiment of the invention provides a rapid coating method for laser shock peening, which solves the technical problem that the laser shock peening process is unstable due to the fact that an absorption layer is difficult to adhere, easy to wrinkle, bulge and even break.
(2) Technical scheme
The invention provides a laser shock peening rapid coating method, which comprises the following steps:
determining a region to be strengthened of the structural member according to the stress concentration position of the structural member;
carrying out metal plating treatment on the area to be strengthened;
and performing laser shock strengthening by taking the metal coating as an absorption layer.
Further, the determining a region to be reinforced of the structural member according to the stress concentration position of the structural member specifically includes:
and calibrating the region to be strengthened, and determining the position of the absorption layer to be covered according to the set distance value of the extension of the region to be strengthened.
Further, the metal coating is at least one of a silver coating, a zinc coating, a copper coating and an aluminum coating.
Further, the thickness of the metal coating is 10
20μm。
Further, the metal plating treatment is performed on the region to be strengthened, and specifically includes:
carrying out metal plating treatment on the area to be strengthened, and repeatedly strengthening;
wherein, when the strengthening times is more than 4 times, the thickness of the metal plating layer needs to be increased by 3 μm/time.
Further, when the structural part is a thin-wall structure with the thickness of less than 2mm, the thickness of the metal coating is greater than or equal to 0.2mm.
Further, after the metal plating treatment is performed on the region to be strengthened, the method further includes:
and an aluminum foil absorption layer is adhered to the metal plating layer.
Further, after the laser shock peening is performed by using the metal plating layer as an absorption layer, the method further comprises the following steps: and removing the absorption layer.
Further, the removing the absorption layer specifically includes: and removing the absorption layer by adopting an acid liquor soaking mode.
Further, the structural member is at least one of a complex structural member, a thin-wall structural member, a high-hardness structural member and a high-strength structural member.
(3) Advantageous effects
In conclusion, the metal coating is used as the absorption layer, so that the high-strength steel gear and other complex structures can be quickly coated and cleaned, parts are not damaged, and the purposes of convenience, quickness, safety, effectiveness and convenience in popularization and use are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a laser shock peening rapid coating method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another laser shock peening method for rapid coating according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers any modifications, alterations and improvements in the parts, components and connection means, without departing from the spirit of the invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a laser shock peening rapid coating method provided by an embodiment of the invention, which may include the following steps:
s100, determining a region to be strengthened of the structural member according to the stress concentration position of the structural member;
s200, performing metal plating treatment on an area to be strengthened;
and S300, performing laser shock strengthening by taking the metal coating as an absorption layer.
In the embodiment, the surface of the workpiece is not damaged, and laser shock waves can reach the surface of a metal structural part without barriers through the metal coating, so that the laser shock strengthening method is suitable for laser shock strengthening of complex ferrous metals such as high-strength steel gears and the like, is safe and effective, and is convenient to popularize and use.
The metal coating and the metal matrix are tightly combined, the influence of unstable manual pasting quality is avoided, the metal coating can be cleaned or not after laser shock strengthening, and the laser shock strengthening device is convenient, rapid, safe and effective.
As a preferred embodiment, in step S100, the region to be strengthened of the structural member is determined according to the stress concentration position of the structural member, specifically:
and calibrating the area to be strengthened, and determining the position of the absorption layer to be covered according to the set distance value of the extension of the area to be strengthened.
In the above embodiment, 2mm is extended depending on the laser shock peening position
5mm determines where the absorbent layer needs to be covered.
In a preferred embodiment, the metal plating layer is any one of a silver plating layer, a zinc plating layer, a copper plating layer, and an aluminum plating layer.
The specific type of the metal coating is not limited, a mixed plating mode can be adopted, corresponding requirements can be met, and the metal coating is adopted because the metal coating is tightly combined with the surface of the metal structural member, other media do not exist, and the shock wave energy is smoothly transmitted to the surface of the metal structural member, so that a good strengthening effect is achieved. The preferred principle is to have an off-the-shelf plating or deplating process in the factory to make the part to reduce process difficulties, with the plating being selected to have an acoustic impedance close to and no greater than that of the base material from a reinforcement standpoint.
In a preferred embodiment, the metal coating has a thickness of 10 a
20 μm. Wherein the metal coating with the thickness can bear the laser power density of 10GW/cm 2 The above
As a preferred embodiment, in step S200, the metal plating treatment is performed on the region to be strengthened, specifically:
carrying out metal plating treatment on the area to be strengthened and repeatedly strengthening;
wherein, when the number of times of strengthening is more than 4, the thickness of the metal plating layer needs to be increased by 3 μm/time.
The repeated strengthening is to improve the overall performance of the structural member, and to avoid damage to the outer surface of the structural member due to multiple strengthening, the thickness of the metal plating layer needs to be increased.
In a preferred embodiment, when the structural member has a thin-walled structure of 2mm or less, the thickness of the metal plating layer is 0.2mm or more. In consideration of the possibility of the back surface having the spalling, the back surface needs to be plated with a wave-absorbing layer or adhered with the wave-absorbing layer, and the thickness of the wave-absorbing metal coating serving as the reinforced back surface is greater than or equal to 0.2mm.
As a preferred embodiment, after the metal plating treatment is performed on the region to be strengthened, the method further includes: and an aluminum foil absorption layer is adhered on the metal plating layer.
Wherein, the metal coating is mainly used for absorbing wave on the back surface.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, after performing laser shock peening using a metal plating layer as an absorption layer, the method further includes: step S400, removing the absorption layer.
Specifically, the metal coating and the metal substrate are combined tightly, the influence of unstable manual pasting quality is avoided, the metal coating can be cleaned or not after laser shock strengthening, and the laser shock strengthening device is convenient, rapid, safe and effective.
As a preferred embodiment, the removing absorption layer is specifically: and removing the absorption layer by soaking in acid liquor. Specifically, when the aluminum film is adopted, the absorption layer can also be removed by adopting an alkali liquor soaking method.
In a preferred embodiment, the structural member is at least one of a complex structural member (e.g. screw thread, gear), a thin-walled structural member, a high-hardness structural member, and a high-strength structural member. In particular, the structural component may also be a complex uneven surface (e.g. weld beads, undercuts, spattered weld seams).
Examples
The high-strength steel gear is subjected to laser shock strengthening due to high strength and high hardness of the surface of the high-strength steel gearThe laser shock peening power density needs 10GW/cm 2 In addition, the aluminum foil adhesive tape can generate wrinkles after one-time laser shock strengthening, and can be cracked more than two times because a thin adhesive tape is arranged between the aluminum foil and the high-strength steel, for metals such as common aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, stainless steel and the like, laser shock wave can be transmitted to a colloidal layer from the aluminum foil and then reaches a metal of the base alloy, although a small amount of reflection exists, the effect is basically not influenced, but for the surface of a high-strength and high-hardness gear, the laser shock wave can be transmitted to the colloidal layer from the aluminum foil to generate stronger reflection, so that the gear is degummed and further swells, subsequent shock waves cannot be transmitted to the surface of the gear to be strengthened, the good strengthening effect cannot be achieved, and then the absorption layer can be cracked due to the laser shock strengthening.
After the silver coating is adopted as the absorption layer, the silver coating is tightly combined with the surface of the gear, no other medium exists, impact wave energy is smoothly transmitted to the metal surface, a good strengthening effect is achieved, and the silver coating thickness and the method of acid cleaning or not cleaning have adaptability and effectiveness.
After the residual stress test and the same laser parameters, the residual compressive stress obtained by using the silver coating as the absorbing layer is obviously higher than the effect of using the aluminum foil adhesive tape and the black paint as the absorbing layer. For uneven surfaces such as welding seams, the laser shock strengthening adopts an aluminum foil tape which has a local non-strengthening region, and a plating layer is a whole strengthening region, so that the residual compressive stress is more uniform and is higher than 20%.
It should be clear that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Numerous modifications and variations could be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A laser shock peening rapid coating method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a region to be strengthened of the structural member according to the stress concentration position of the structural member;
carrying out metal plating treatment on the area to be strengthened;
and performing laser shock strengthening by taking the metal coating as an absorption layer.
2. The laser shock peening rapid coating method according to claim 1, wherein the region to be strengthened of the structural member is determined according to the stress concentration position of the structural member, specifically:
and calibrating the area to be strengthened, and determining the position of the absorption layer to be covered according to the set distance value of the extension of the area to be strengthened.
3. The laser shock peening rapid coating method of claim 1, wherein the metal plating layer is at least one of a silver plating layer, a zinc plating layer, a copper plating layer, and an aluminum plating layer.
4. The laser shock peening method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the metal coating is 10A
20μm。
5. The laser shock peening rapid coating method according to claim 1, wherein the metal plating treatment is performed on the region to be strengthened, specifically:
carrying out metal plating treatment on the area to be strengthened, and repeatedly strengthening;
wherein, when the strengthening times is more than 4 times, the thickness of the metal plating layer needs to be increased by 3 μm/time.
6. The laser shock peening rapid coating method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the metal coating is greater than or equal to 0.2mm when the structural member is a thin-walled structure of 2mm or less.
7. The laser shock peening rapid coating method according to claim 6, further comprising, after the metal plating treatment of the region to be strengthened:
and an aluminum foil absorption layer is adhered on the metal plating layer.
8. The laser shock peening rapid coating method according to claim 1, wherein after the laser shock peening is performed with the metal plating layer as an absorption layer, the method further comprises: and removing the absorption layer.
9. The laser shock peening rapid coating method according to claim 8, wherein the removing the absorption layer is specifically: and removing the absorption layer by adopting an acid liquor soaking mode.
10. The laser shock peening rapid coating method of claim 1, wherein the structural member is at least one of a complex structural member, a thin-walled structural member, a high-hardness structural member, and a high-strength structural member.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210879971.2A CN115679087A (en) | 2022-07-25 | 2022-07-25 | Laser shock peening rapid coating method |
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| CN202210879971.2A CN115679087A (en) | 2022-07-25 | 2022-07-25 | Laser shock peening rapid coating method |
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| CN115679087A true CN115679087A (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116640471A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-08-25 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Laser shock reinforced constraint layer material, preparation method and use method |
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2022
- 2022-07-25 CN CN202210879971.2A patent/CN115679087A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116640471A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-08-25 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Laser shock reinforced constraint layer material, preparation method and use method |
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