CN106881311A - A kind of metal surface dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment and its application under water - Google Patents
A kind of metal surface dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment and its application under water Download PDFInfo
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- CN106881311A CN106881311A CN201710197878.2A CN201710197878A CN106881311A CN 106881311 A CN106881311 A CN 106881311A CN 201710197878 A CN201710197878 A CN 201710197878A CN 106881311 A CN106881311 A CN 106881311A
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- laser
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- under water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0035—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like
- B08B7/0042—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by radiant energy, e.g. UV, laser, light beam or the like by laser
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- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of metal surface dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment and its application under water.The water proof equipment includes：The laser worked under terrestrial environment, it is connected with optical fiber with underwater operation equipment；Optical fiber is cladded with bucker, underwater operation equipment includes cleaning parameterses adjustment module and the laser head being attached thereto, laser head front end is encased by one layer of low-laser loss material, form closed cavity, closed cavity is cladded with bucker, bucker is cladded with hard shell, and hard shell is provided with road wheel, convenient to move under water.Cleaning water proof equipment of the invention can under water in environment, and the pulse laser scanning and irradiation that laser is produced makes dirt depart from from metal surface in position to be cleaned, and cleannes are up to more than 90%, and it is glossy to be presented metal, and matrix is not damaged.Present device water resistance is excellent, easy to operate, can be applied to extensive, high-quality, the cleaning operation of the precisely controllable dirt of metal surface under water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underwater laser cleaning dispensing equipment and its application, belong to laser application technique field and under water
Metal surface maintenance clean technologies field.
Background technology
With increasingly highlighting for China's maritime interest importance, the development such as aircraft-carrier battle group, nuclear submarine, deep-sea space station is fast
Speed, as the main carriers that the following "Oceanic" strategy is implemented, its special deep-sea Service Environment is carried to emergency first-aid repair under high-performance water
Great demand is gone out；In addition equipment Service Environment is more severe, its under-water body and parts (rudder blade, propeller, sonar dome
Deng) harm that deepwater high-pressure, sea organism attachment and ocean particulate matter clash into is faced, easily there is corrosion cracking, surface abrasion, biology
Situations such as being failed with corrosion-inhibiting coating is corroded, therefore, on-line maintenance is repaired as naval equipment under the high quality water of key components and parts
One of important means, and paid attention to by various countries, quickly grow.And underwater emergency repairing and on-line maintenance must solve to repair first
The high-quality cleaning problem of complex surface, the success or failure of its cleaning quality direct relation emergency first-aid repair and the quality of on-line maintenance.
It is not good using manual polishing and the underwater cleaning mode inefficiency of mechanical lapping, cleaning performance at present, use
Tool kind is various, and technical ability and the physical efficiency requirement to diver are very high, it is difficult to meet practical application request, in the urgent need to development more
High-quality, efficient underwater cleaning technique.Laser cleaning technique is green, efficient, high-quality, process is simple, low cost, can use
In baroque component surface cleaning technique.Chinese patent CN103100537B discloses a kind of underwater laser cleaning method
And cleaning head, it is that laser is introduced under water through optical fiber, and concentrated lens are cleaned material surface and produce cavitation bubble in distance,
The shock wave produced using cavitation bubble realizes the cleaning to material surface, but cleaning efficiency and effect on driving birds is not good, to some adhesive force
Strong crud layer, such as corrosion layer, surface cleanness after its cleaning should 60%, and cleaning surface water body can be caused muddy, influence
Continuity washing and cleaning operation.The underwater automatic cleaning protective cover that Chinese patent CN102580952A is provided includes waterproof case, protection
Cover slide, supersonic generator, transducer, protective cover slide, supersonic generator, transducer, are installed in waterproof cover
In body, laser cleaning, water-jet technology are combined with ultrasonic technology, but the protection cover structure is excessively complicated, it is difficult to it is full
The convenient cleaning of sufficient underwater complex environment.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention be to provide a kind of metal surface dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment under water and
Its application.The application efficiently, high-quality, green, water resistance is excellent, and process is simple, low cost, can continuously extensive operation
Etc. distinguishing feature, it is adaptable to the cleaning cleaning of metal surface under water.
In water environment, the laser cleaning system to being used in existing natural environment carries out the water proofing property of underwater environment application
Can improve, that is, develop the integrated water-proof flexibility cover body to optical fiber and laser head, meet the requirement of laser underwater cleaning；Will be solid
The pulse laser that body laser is produced is focused on through cavity in the metal surface of attachment dirt, is treated using underwater laser cleaning technique
Continuously scanned cleaning metal surface, you can obtain the metal surface of cleaning.
The method of the present invention is embodied in：In order that the underwater portion of laser cleaning possesses excellent water resistance, water is met
The technical requirements of lower application, develop the integrated water-proof flexibility cover body to optical fiber and laser head；For enhancing underwater environment laser is clear
The reliability washed, develops the hard shell to laser head, closed cavity and its bucker.
Specifically, the dirt laser cleaning of metal surface under water water proof equipment of the invention includes swashing for being worked under terrestrial environment
Light device, it passes through optical fiber and is connected with underwater operation equipment；Optical fiber is cladded with bucker；The underwater operation equipment includes connection
There is the parameter adjustment module of laser head, laser head front end is encased by low-laser loss material, closed cavity is formed, outside closed cavity
Bucker is covered, bucker is cladded with hard shell.
Laser-light transparent " laser head-closed cavity " hard shell, and realize treating the scanning and irradiation at cleaning position, due to
The material of composition cavity structure, hard shell and bucker is laser wavelength transparent material, lossless to laser energy.Laser
Laser beam transparent closed cavity that hair goes out and low-laser loss material irradiation are to surface to be cleaned.
Preferably, the hard shell is provided with road wheel, facilitates underwater installation to move under water.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the hard shell both sides are symmetrically installed with road wheel, are easy to underwater operation process
In laser facula Scan orientation, road wheel can synchronously it is in the same direction 360 ° rotation.
Preferably, closed cavity realizes focusing for laser beam flying cleaning, and has protective effect to laser head.
Preferably, soft waterproof material can be the lightweight transparent folding laminate materials such as transparent flexible PVC, and hard shell material can
It is the hard transparent materials such as lucite (acrylic), the material for encasing laser head formation closed cavity can be laser host glass
Deng laser wavelength low-loss material, road wheel is can 360 ° of miniature wheeled devices of Plane Rotation.
The invention provides the application of the above-mentioned dirt of metal surface under water laser cleaning water proof equipment, i.e., how to carry out under water
The cleaning method of metal surface dirt, specifically projects point to walking using cleaning, laser is focused using the equipment from laser head
The distance (R) of wheel contact crud layer is 10-20cm.
In the above method, the pulse laser wavelength can be in the range of 193nm (ultraviolet light) -10600nm (far infrared)
Any laser species.In view of 1064nm neodymiums-yttrium-aluminium-garnet near infrared laser (abbreviation Nd：YAG/Nd：YLF) there is energy
Conversion efficiency is very high, long service life, the ability with directly modulation, and small volume, lightweight, cheap, generation
The advantages of laser rays width, good beam quality, coherence length long, it is preferable that the present invention is swept using 1064nm ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed lasers
Deep-sea metal surface to be repaired under water is retouched, the metal surface of cleaning is obtained.
The laser pulse width of the pulse laser is that (typical case adjusts Q Nd to 10~200ns：YAG/Nd：The pulsewidth of YLF typically exists
10ns-200ns, depending on repetition rate and tune Q parameters).
The repetition rate of the pulse laser is that (ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser is substantially tune Q to 5~10kHz, and feature is to repeat frequency
Rate is low, usually 0.5kHz~20kHz, and to simplify the operation of underwater laser cleaning process, fixed repetition rate is 5~10kHz
Shelves).
The laser output power be 500~1000W (because there is obvious loss to laser beam energy in underwater environment,
For lifting cleaning efficiency, therefore the laser power for using are convenient higher than 500W；Laser production difficulty more than 1000W is big, into
This height, energy are difficult to control).
Sweep speed 0.5cm/s~the 10cm/s of pulse laser (can be according to cleaning dirt, metal species, pulsewidth, scanning speed
The multiple parameters such as degree, power it is different and different), laser beam with walking crop rotation linear scanning.
Laser cleaning water proof equipment of the invention is applied to various metals, preferably titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, ferrous alloy, copper
Alloy or magnesium alloy.
The primary problem that the present invention is solved is that the waterproof of practical operation under water of laser cleaning is improved, using " optical fiber-parameter regulation mould
Block-laser head-closed cavity " integrated water-proof flexibility cover body, " laser head-closed cavity " hard shell, closed cavity three
Partial composite construction, " laser head-closed cavity " hard shell two bottom sides are symmetrically installed with road wheel, are easy to underwater operation
During laser facula focusing and Scan orientation, realize to the transformation of the submerged applications of existing laser cleaning equipment.
Technological core of the invention is the optimization of underwater pulse laser scanning process parameter, it is important that laser power, scanning
Speed, repetition rate, pulsewidth are isoparametric to optimize collaboration, is the key problem in technology for obtaining cleaning metal surface.Cleaned to improve
Efficiency, clean-up performance, and do not injure metallic matrix, it is necessary to select optimize cleaning parameterses, could high-quality, efficiently realize
The removing of metal surface dirt under water.For different metallic matrixes, different dirt and its thickness, present invention solidification is under water
Pulse laser scanning process：Optical maser wavelength is 1064nm, and the repetition rate of pulse laser is 5-10kHz, laser pulse width is 50~
100ns, power output is 500~1000W, and laser scanning speed 0.5cm/s~10cm/s, laser beam is swept with walking crop rotation straight line
Retouch.
The present invention has following remarkable result：
(1) underwater laser cleaning is low to diver's technical requirements, simple to operation, when saving diver's physical efficiency and cleaning
Between, once diving under water, it is few to carry with instrument；And there is corrosion cracking, surface mill by the pulse laser for producing laser
The metal surface scanning and irradiation that erosion, bioerosion and corrosion-inhibiting coating failure etc. needs repairing, does not produce secondary to metallic matrix
Damage, it is adaptable to the portion faces to be repaired pretreatment that naval vessel is damaged.
(2) chemical reagent is not used during pulse laser underwater cleaning, does not produce waste water and waste liquid, belong to green cleaning,
It is adapted to the extra large on-line maintenance of frequency and underwater emergency repairing.
(3) the metal surface cleannes that Fouling surfaces are obtained under the inventive method rinse water are more than 90%, clean rate
Reach as high as 10m2/ h, the matrix to being cleaned material is not damaged.
In a word, metal surface dirt underwater laser cleaning proposed by the present invention and its water proof equipment, can thoroughly overcome laser
The underwater cleaning waterproof problem of device, " mourning in silence " state cleaning is easy to operate, can effectively solve traditional underwater cleaning technology and be difficult to obtain
High-quality clean surface and influence the bottleneck sex chromosome mosaicism of underwater maintenance level.The present invention is high-quality, high efficiency under water, precisely may be used
The metal surface dirt cleaning of control, new water proof equipment and method is provided to obtain cleaning metal surface.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is metal surface dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment structure chart hard under water, and 1 is bucker, and 2 is hard shell
Body, 3 is closed cavity, and 4 is road wheel, and 5 is the laser under terrestrial environment, and 6 is parameter adjustment module, and 7 is optical fiber, and 8 is sharp
Shaven head, 9 is metal material matrix to be cleaned.
Fig. 2 is road wheel and hard shell position side view, and 1 is bucker, and 2 is hard shell, and 3 is closed cavity, and 4 is row
Walk wheel.
Fig. 3 is road wheel and hard shell position top view, and 1 is bucker, and 2 is hard shell, and 3 is closed cavity, and 4 is row
Walk wheel.
Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B are respectively the SEM and element energy spectrum diagram of the underwater laser cleaning iron matrix surface corrosion of embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B are respectively the SEM and element energy spectrum diagram of the underwater cleaning laser iron-based body surface top coat layer of embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B are respectively the SEM and element power spectrum of the underwater laser cleaning oxidation film on titanium alloy surface of embodiment 3
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Example of the invention will be further illustrated the pollution that pulse laser removes metal surface under water, to obtain cleaning metal
The specific embodiment of the method on surface, but the invention is not limited in subordinate's embodiment.
If not specializing, chemical reagent used is conventional commercial reagent in embodiment, skill used in embodiment
The conventional meanses that art means are well known to those skilled in the art.
The construction of the metal surface dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment under water of embodiment 1
Metal surface dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment includes the laser worked under terrestrial environment under water, and it passes through optical fiber
It is connected with underwater operation equipment；Optical fiber is cladded with bucker；The underwater operation equipment includes being connected with the parameter of laser head
Adjustment module, laser head front end is encased by low-laser loss material, forms closed cavity, and closed cavity is cladded with bucker, waterproof
The overcoating hard shell of cover.
Laser-light transparent " laser head-closed cavity " hard shell, and realize treating the scanning and irradiation at cleaning position, due to
The material of composition cavity structure, hard shell and bucker is laser wavelength transparent material, lossless to laser energy.Laser
Laser beam transparent closed cavity that hair goes out and low-laser loss material irradiation are to surface to be cleaned.
Hard shell both sides are symmetrically installed with road wheel, facilitate underwater installation to move under water.It is easy to underwater operation process
In laser facula Scan orientation, road wheel can synchronously it is in the same direction 360 ° rotation.Closed cavity realizes determining for laser beam flying cleaning
Jiao, and have protective effect to laser head.
Bucker is soft waterproof material, can be the lightweight transparent folding laminate materials, hard shell material such as transparent flexible PVC
Can be the hard transparent materials such as lucite (acrylic), the material for encasing laser head formation closed cavity can be laser host glass
The laser wavelength low-loss material such as glass, road wheel is can 360 ° of miniature wheeled devices of Plane Rotation.
Following examples are operated from the dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment of metal surface under water of embodiment 1.
The pulse laser underwater cleaning iron matrix surface corrosion of embodiment 2
Step 1：Strobe pulse laser parameter：Power output is the 1064nm neodymiums-yttrium-aluminium-garnet near-infrared laser of 500W
Device, pulsewidth 70ns, repetition rate are 6kHz.
Step 2：Strobe pulse Laser Scanning Parameters：Sweep speed is 5cm/s.
Step 3：Pulse laser cleans surface corrosion：Environment under water, to iron matrix surface corrosion laser cleaning, laser from
Laser head injection point to the distance (R) of road wheel contact crud layer is 10cm, is made a round trip with road wheel linear scanning, you can obtain
Obtain clean surface.
Fig. 4 A are the iron matrix surface SEM figures of the present embodiment cleaning, and the iron matrix surface of laser cleaning is smooth, and are not cleaned
Region is compared, and the micro- molten bath point in cleaning area is obvious；Fig. 4 B are the element energy spectrum diagram of the iron matrix surface of the present embodiment cleaning, clean table
Face is Mn/Fe/C alloys, illustrates that above-described embodiment cleaning iron alloy surface is very clean, and cleannes are 90%.Clean rate can
Up to 12m2/h。
Surface composition after table 1 is cleaned is analyzed
The pulse laser underwater cleaning iron-based body surface surface damage enamelled coating of embodiment 3
Step 1：Strobe pulse laser parameter：Power output is the 1064nm neodymiums-yttrium-aluminium-garnet near-infrared laser of 500W
Device, pulsewidth 65ns, repetition rate are 8kHz.
Step 2：Strobe pulse Laser Scanning Parameters：Sweep speed is 4cm/s.
Step 3：Pulse laser cleans surface damage enamelled coating：Environment, clear to iron-based body surface surface damage enamelled coating laser under water
Wash, it is 20cm reciprocal twice with road wheel linear scanning apart from R that laser projects point to road wheel contact crud layer from laser head,
Clean surface can be obtained.
Fig. 5 A are the iron matrix surface SEM figures of above-described embodiment cleaning, and the iron matrix surface of laser cleaning is smooth, presents bright
Metallic luster, micro- molten bath point close-packed arrays；Fig. 5 B are the element energy spectrum diagram of the iron matrix surface of above-described embodiment cleaning, clean table
Face is Mn/Fe/C alloys, and cleaning iron alloy surface is very clean, and cleannes are 100%.Clean rate is up to 8m2/h。
Surface composition after table 2 is cleaned is analyzed
The pulse laser underwater cleaning oxidation film on titanium alloy surface of embodiment 4
Step 1：Strobe pulse laser parameter：Power output is the 1064nm neodymiums-yttrium-aluminium-garnet near-infrared laser of 500W
Device, pulsewidth 85ns, repetition rate are 10kHz.
Step 2：Strobe pulse Laser Scanning Parameters：Sweep speed is 6cm/s.
Step 3：Pulse laser cleans oxidation film on titanium alloy surface：Environment under water, to oxidation film on titanium alloy surface laser
Cleaning, it is 15cm apart from R that laser projects point to road wheel contact crud layer from laser head, with road wheel linear scanning reciprocal 1
It is secondary, clean surface can be obtained.
Fig. 6 A are the titanium alloy surface SEM figures of above-described embodiment cleaning, and the titanium alloy surface of laser cleaning is smooth, presents bright
Metallic luster, surface has no substantially impact molten bath point；Fig. 6 B are the titanium alloy surface element energy spectrum diagram of above-described embodiment cleaning, clearly
Clean surface is titanium alloy substrate, and non-oxidation situation, clean surface is very clean, and cleannes are 100%.Clean rate is reachable
15m2/h。
Surface composition after table 3 is cleaned is analyzed
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, on the premise of the technology of the present invention principle is not departed from, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
Also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind metal surface dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment under water, it is characterised in that it includes what is worked under terrestrial environment
Laser, it passes through optical fiber and is connected with underwater operation equipment；Optical fiber is cladded with bucker；The underwater operation equipment includes connecting
The parameter adjustment module of laser head is connected to, laser head front end is encased by one layer of low-laser loss material, forms closed cavity, it is closed
Cavity is cladded with bucker, and bucker is cladded with hard shell.
2. metal surface dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment under water as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the hard shell
Body is provided with road wheel, facilitates underwater installation to move under water.
3. metal surface dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment under water as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that hard shell
The material of body and bucker is laser wavelength transparent material, lossless to laser energy.
4. the application of any described dirt laser cleaning water proof equipments of metal surface under water of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that
Using cleaning is focused, it is 10-20cm that laser projects a distance for contacting crud layer to road wheel from laser head.
5. application as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the laser is 193nm ultraviolet light -10600nm far infrared models
Enclose interior any laser.
6. application as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The laser pulse width of the pulse laser is 10~200ns.
7. application as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the repetition rate of the pulse laser is 5~10kHz.
8. application as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the laser output power is 500~1000W.
9. application according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the sweep speed 0.5cm/s~10cm/s of pulse laser, swashs
Light beam is with walking crop rotation linear scanning.
10. according to any described applications of claim 4-9, it is characterised in that the metal is titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, iron-based
Alloy, copper alloy or magnesium alloy.
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| CN201710197878.2A CN106881311B (en) | 2017-03-29 | 2017-03-29 | A kind of underwater metal surface dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment and its application |
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| CN201710197878.2A CN106881311B (en) | 2017-03-29 | 2017-03-29 | A kind of underwater metal surface dirt laser cleaning water proof equipment and its application |
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| CN106881311A true CN106881311A (en) | 2017-06-23 |
| CN106881311B CN106881311B (en) | 2019-04-23 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107931258A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-04-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of optical-fiber laser cleaning system Handheld laser output device |
| CN109226103A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-18 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of laser cleaning device and method suitable for underwater environment |
| CN109772820A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-21 | 天津欧泰激光科技有限公司 | A kind of welding wire surface dirt laser cleaning method |
| CN109967458A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of marine microorganism is stained laser cleaning decontamination anti-fouling method |
| CN112657954A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-04-16 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for underwater laser cleaning for ocean engineering equipment |
| CN114515730A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-05-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Method for carrying out underwater laser detonation cleaning based on tapered optical fiber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107931258A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-04-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of optical-fiber laser cleaning system Handheld laser output device |
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| CN109772820A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-21 | 天津欧泰激光科技有限公司 | A kind of welding wire surface dirt laser cleaning method |
| CN109967458A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of marine microorganism is stained laser cleaning decontamination anti-fouling method |
| CN109967458B (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2022-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Laser cleaning, decontaminating and antifouling method for fouling of marine microorganisms |
| CN112657954A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-04-16 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for underwater laser cleaning for ocean engineering equipment |
| CN112657954B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2022-08-23 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for underwater laser cleaning for ocean engineering equipment |
| CN114515730A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-05-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Method for carrying out underwater laser detonation cleaning based on tapered optical fiber |
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| CN106881311B (en) | 2019-04-23 |
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