CN115673355A - High-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp - Google Patents
High-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp Download PDFInfo
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- CN115673355A CN115673355A CN202211115876.1A CN202211115876A CN115673355A CN 115673355 A CN115673355 A CN 115673355A CN 202211115876 A CN202211115876 A CN 202211115876A CN 115673355 A CN115673355 A CN 115673355A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp which comprises a base, a linkage centering device, a centering clamping device and a control unit, wherein the base is longitudinally and crossly arranged on a lathe bed rail; the bottom surface of the base is provided with a clamping and positioning device, and the base can be clamped on the lathe bed track in a sliding manner through the clamping and positioning device; the lathe clamp is unique in structure and convenient to use, and after the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece is centered and pre-fixed, the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece is centered and clamped according to the actual distance difference between each clamping jaw on the chuck and the outer surface of the adjacent side of the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece, so that the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece can be centered and fixed, and the problem that the center shaft of the workpiece is deviated from the center shaft of the chuck and the center of the workpiece is difficult to align with the center of the clamp when the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece is clamped by the conventional lathe clamp is effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a high-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp.
Background
A lathe is a machine tool for turning a rotating workpiece mainly with a lathe tool. The lathe is the most important cutting machine in metal cutting machines, and the number of the lathe is the largest in general machine manufacturing factories, and the lathe is also called as a master machine; the lathe jig is a device for fixing a machining object to occupy a correct position for receiving machining or inspection in a machine manufacturing process.
Most lathe fixtures used by a traditional lathe are four-jaw chuck type fixtures or four-jaw chuck type fixtures, when the lathe is used for turning the outer circle or the inner hole of a cylindrical special-shaped workpiece with poor roundness, an operator firstly needs to clamp the workpiece through the lathe fixtures, in the clamping process, because the inward sliding distances of clamping jaws are the same, when the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece with poor roundness is clamped, the clamping jaws on the chuck cannot simultaneously contact with the outer surface of the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece, the precision of the fixture is low, so that when each clamping jaw contacts with the outer surface of the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece for clamping, the central shaft of the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece and the central shaft of the chuck can generate deviation, the operator cannot align the circle center of the workpiece with the circle center of the fixture, the precision of turning of the workpiece can be influenced, when the outer circle of the workpiece is turned, more parts on the workpiece need to be turned, the roundness of the workpiece can be corrected, time and labor are wasted, and the material consumption rate is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The fixture is unique in structure and convenient to use, after the columnar special-shaped workpiece is centered and pre-fixed, when the columnar special-shaped workpiece is centered and clamped, compensation is carried out according to the actual distance difference between each clamping jaw on the chuck and the outer surface of the adjacent side of the columnar special-shaped workpiece, so that the columnar special-shaped workpiece can be centered and fixed, and the problem that when the columnar special-shaped workpiece is clamped by the existing lathe fixture, the center shaft of the workpiece is deviated from the center shaft of the chuck, and the center of the workpiece is difficult to align with the center of the fixture is effectively solved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a high-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp comprises a base, a linkage centering device, a centering clamping device and a control unit, wherein the base is longitudinally and crossly arranged on a lathe bed track, one end of the base extends out of a lathe and is connected with a lifting moving seat; the bottom surface of the base is provided with a clamping and positioning device, and the base can be clamped on a lathe bed rail in a sliding mode through the clamping and positioning device; the linkage centering device comprises a lifting platform, an electric lifting frame, a centering hoop, a calibration assembly and a linkage control mechanism, wherein the lifting platform is installed on a lifting base through the electric lifting frame, the centering hoop is installed on an installation platform in a matching mode, and when the base is clamped on a lathe bed track, the central axis of the centering hoop and the central axis of a tailstock top shaft of a lathe are on the same vertical plane; the electric lifting frame is connected with the control unit, and the control unit can control the aligning lifting mechanism to adjust the height of the centering hoop according to the calibration assembly, so that the centering hoop and a tailstock top shaft of the lathe are coaxially arranged; the left side and the right side of the centering hoop are symmetrically provided with a plurality of supporting cylinders along the circumference, the cylinder bodies of the supporting cylinders are fixed on the centering hoop along the radial direction, the top ends of the piston rods of the supporting cylinders extend into the centering hoop, and the piston rods of the supporting cylinders keep a retraction state in a natural state; the front end and the rear end of the cylinder body of the supporting cylinder are respectively provided with a reset hole and an air vent which are communicated with the front cavity and the rear cavity in the cylinder body, the reset hole and the air vent of the supporting cylinder on the centering hoop are connected with a linkage control mechanism through air pipes, and a controller can synchronously control piston rods of all the supporting cylinders to extend outwards and reset with the same ejection force through the linkage control mechanism; the centering and clamping device comprises a four-jaw chuck which is installed on a lathe spindle box in a matching mode, each jaw on the four-jaw chuck is provided with a mounting hole penetrating through the jaw along the radial direction, a screwing telescopic rod is installed in each mounting hole in a matching mode, the screwing end of the screwing telescopic rod is arranged outwards, and the telescopic end of the screwing telescopic rod is arranged inwards and hinged to a V-shaped clamping end head.
The lifting moving seat comprises a moving base placed on the ground, universal wheels are arranged on the bottom surface of the moving base, a lifting supporting mechanism is arranged on the moving base, and the lifting supporting mechanism is vertically connected with one end, extending out of the lathe, of the base.
The clamping and positioning device comprises inverted L-shaped clamping blocks symmetrically arranged on the bottom surfaces of bases on the left side and the right side of a lathe bed track, clamping driving mechanisms are arranged on the bottom surfaces of the bases above the clamping blocks on the left side in the two clamping blocks and comprise dovetail-shaped track grooves longitudinally arranged, dovetail-shaped anti-falling sliding blocks are installed in the track grooves in a matched mode, the anti-falling sliding blocks extend downwards to form the dovetail-shaped track grooves and be fixedly connected with the tops of the clamping blocks on the adjacent sides, driving screw rods are arranged in the track grooves in a longitudinally rotating mode, the anti-falling sliding blocks are matched and sleeved on the driving screw rods, and the bases extend outwards from the left ends of the driving screw rods and are fixedly connected with handle discs.
The electric lifting frame comprises a lifting screw rod which is fixed on the upper end surface of the base in a longitudinal rotating manner, the directions of the threads of the left section and the right section of the lifting screw rod are opposite, and one end of the lifting screw rod is connected with a lifting motor in a transmission manner, and the lifting motor is connected with the control unit; the left section and the right section of the lifting screw rod are symmetrically sleeved with mounting tables, and the bottom surfaces of the mounting tables are in sliding contact with the upper end surfaces of the bases; two the mount table is gone up along horizontal interval in turn to articulate there are many spinal branchs vaulting poles, and the bracing piece other end on two mount tables all sets up upwards in opposite directions to it is articulated with the bottom surface of elevating platform, thereby constitutes a formula support frame of cutting.
The calibration assembly comprises a centering plate hinged to the upper rear end face of the lifting table on the rear side of the centering hoop, and the centering plate can be turned upwards around the hinged end to stand; the top end of the centering plate is provided with an arc-shaped centering notch, the centering notch at the top end of the centering plate and the centering hoop are coaxially arranged in a standing state, and the diameter size of the centering notch is matched with that of a tailstock jacking shaft of a lathe.
The calibration assembly comprises a centering plate hinged to the upper rear end face of the lifting table on the rear side of the centering hoop, and the centering plate can be turned upwards around the hinged end; the top end of the centering plate is provided with an arc-shaped centering notch, the centering notch at the top end of the centering plate and the centering hoop are coaxially arranged in a standing state, and the diameter size of the centering notch is matched with that of a tailstock jacking shaft of a lathe.
The linkage control mechanism comprises a transition tank, a high-pressure gas source, a hole sealing assembly and a power part, wherein a partition plate is arranged in the middle of the transition tank in a matching manner and divides the internal space of the transition tank into an upper cavity and a lower cavity in a sealing manner, the bottom of the transition tank is upwards provided with an inflation hole and an exhaust hole which are communicated with the lower cavity, the inflation hole is connected with the exhaust end of the high-pressure gas source through an air pipe, an electric control valve is arranged on the exhaust hole in the bottom of the transition tank in a matching manner, and the electric control valve and the high-pressure gas source are both in control connection with a control unit; the annular inward wall of the upper cavity is uniformly provided with gas storage holes with the same number as that of the supporting cylinders along the circumference, and the gas storage holes are communicated with the reset holes on the corresponding supporting cylinders through gas pipes; the annular inner wall of the lower cavity is uniformly provided with air supply holes with the same number as that of the supporting cylinders along the circumference, air supply positions and air storage holes are arranged correspondingly, and all the air supply holes are respectively communicated with the vent holes on the corresponding supporting cylinders through air pipes; the upper cavity and the lower cavity are internally provided with hole sealing components in a matching mode, the two hole sealing components are in transmission connection with a power piece, and the power piece is connected with the control unit.
The power part comprises a stepping motor which is in control connection with the control unit, the middle part of the bottom of the lower cavity is vertically provided with a shaft hole and is rotatably sleeved with a control rotating shaft, and the tail end of the control rotating shaft extends downwards to form a transition tank and is in transmission connection with the stepping motor; the top of control pivot upwards passes the sealed extension of baffle and goes into in the cavity, go up the cavity and all match the hole sealing subassembly in the cavity of resorption and install in the control pivot that corresponds the cavity, can order about the hole sealing subassembly in the cavity through the link and carry out synchronous shutoff to the same kind hole in the cavity when the control pivot rotates.
The hole sealing subassembly includes cowl and link, all is equipped with a cowl on the transition jar inner ring wall between every two adjacent gas storage holes in the epicoele, all is equipped with a cowl on the transition jar inner ring wall between every two adjacent gas supply holes in the cavity of resorption, and the cowl of epicoele and the interior hole sealing subassembly of cavity of resorption all slides closely with energy storage jar inner ring wall and contradicts, the fixed suit of link is in the control pivot that corresponds the cavity indoor, and link and same cavity in cowl inner wall fixed connection all around.
The mounting hole is the square hole, revolve to twist the telescopic link including rotating the screw rod of suit in the mounting hole, the screw rod is equipped with interior hexagonal spanner hole towards outside one end, the screw rod is equipped with the swivel nut towards inside one end matching cover, and the swivel nut other end is articulated with the centre gripping end, and swivel nut shape size and mounting hole match.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a high-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp which is unique in structure, and comprises a base, a linkage centering device, a centering clamping device and a control unit, wherein the base is longitudinally and crossly arranged on a lathe bed track; when the centered workpiece is clamped through the four-jaw chuck, the workpiece is clamped through the matching of the V-shaped clamping end heads in the jaws and the jaws, the distance difference between each jaw and the outer surface of the adjacent workpiece is made up, the workpiece can be centered and fixed, and the accuracy of lathe furniture is effectively improved, so that the redundant part of the outer surface of the workpiece can be accurately cut off in the subsequent turning of the outer circle of the workpiece, the time required by the workpiece processing is effectively reduced, the efficiency of the work transfer is improved, and the loss rate of the raw material processing of the workpiece is reduced.
The invention provides a high-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp which is unique in structure and convenient to use, and can be used for centering and fixing a cylindrical special-shaped workpiece by compensating according to the actual distance difference between each clamping jaw on a chuck and the outer surface of the adjacent side of the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece when the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece is centered and clamped after the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece is centered and pre-fixed, so that the cylindrical special-shaped workpiece can be centered and fixed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the linkage centering device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the electric lifting frame of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the clamping and positioning device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the linkage control mechanism and the support cylinder according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the transition tank of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the internal structure of the lower chamber and the upper chamber according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the screwing telescopic rod according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the mounting position of the auxiliary jaw of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a view of the telescopic cylinder connection control unit of the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1 is a lathe, 11 is a lathe bed track, 12 is a tailstock, 121 is a tailstock top shaft, 13 is a spindle box, 2 is a base, 21 is a lifting moving seat, 211 is a moving base, 212 is a universal wheel, 213 is a lifting support mechanism, 3 is a linkage centering device, 31 is a lifting platform, 32 is an electric lifting frame, 321 is a lifting lead screw, 322 is a lifting motor, 323 is a mounting platform, 324 is a supporting rod, 33 is a centering hoop, 34 is a linkage control mechanism, 341 is a transition tank, 3411 is an upper chamber, 3412 is a lower chamber, 342 is a partition plate, 343 is a gas storage hole, 345 is a gas supply hole, 346 is a stepping motor, 347 is a control rotating shaft, 348 is an arc-shaped baffle plate, 349 is a connecting frame, and 35 is a centering plate, 351 is a centering notch, 36 is a supporting cylinder, 361 is a cylinder body, 362 is a piston rod, 363 is a reset hole, 364 is an air hole, 4 is a centering clamping device, 41 is a four-jaw chuck, 42 is a clamping jaw, 421 is a mounting hole, 43 is a screwing telescopic rod, 431 is a screw rod, 432 is a screw sleeve, 44 is a clamping end, 5 is a clamping and positioning device, 51 is a clamping block, 52 is a track groove, 53 is an anti-dropping slide block, 54 is a driving screw rod, 55 is a handle disc, 6 is a guiding sliding groove, 7 is an auxiliary clamping jaw, 71 is a telescopic cylinder, 72 is an auxiliary clamping end, 73 is an exhaust valve, 74 is a one-way intake valve, 75 is an air pipe quick-inserting joint, 76 is an air supply piston, 761 is an exhaust port, and 77 is an electric push rod.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the drawings.
Example 1
The high-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp provided by the embodiment has a unique structure, and comprises a base 2, a linkage centering device 3, a centering clamping device 4 and a control unit, wherein the base 2 is longitudinally and crosswise placed on a lathe bed rail 11 of a lathe 1 as shown in figures 1-8; as shown in fig. 1 and 2, one end of the base 2 extends out of the lathe 1 and is connected with an L-shaped lifting moving seat 21, the lifting moving seat 21 comprises a moving base 211 placed on the ground, a universal wheel 212 is arranged on the bottom surface of the moving base 211, a lifting support mechanism 213 is arranged on the moving base 211 and is vertically connected with one end of the base extending out of the lathe through the lifting support mechanism 213, the height of the base can be adjusted through the lifting support mechanism, and therefore when the base is not used, the base can be moved to one side through pushing the moving base after the height of the base is lifted upwards through the lifting support mechanism.
The lifting support mechanism is a lifting column or comprises a plate sleeve which is vertically fixed on the upper end face of one side of the movable base, a support plate is sleeved in the plate sleeve along the vertical sliding direction, the top end of the support plate is vertically connected with one end, extending out of the lathe, of the base, a jack is arranged in the plate sleeve below the support plate, the top end of the jack is connected with the bottom end of the support plate, and when the top end of the jack is controlled to lift, the base can be driven to lift synchronously through the support plate.
As shown in fig. 4, a clamping and positioning device 5 is arranged on the bottom surface of a base 2, the base 2 can be clamped on a lathe bed rail 11 of a lathe through the clamping and positioning device 5 and can slide back and forth along a vehicle body guide rail, the clamping and positioning device 5 comprises inverted L-shaped clamping blocks 51 symmetrically arranged on the base ground on the left side and the right side of the lathe bed rail, a clamping and driving mechanism is arranged on the bottom surface of the base 2 above the left side clamping block in the two clamping blocks 51, the clamping and driving mechanism comprises a dovetail-shaped rail groove 52 longitudinally arranged, a dovetail-shaped anti-falling sliding block 53 is arranged in the dovetail-shaped rail groove 52 in a matching manner, the anti-falling sliding block 53 extends downwards to form the dovetail-shaped rail groove and is fixedly connected with the top end of the adjacent side clamping block 51, a threaded hole penetrating through the sliding block is longitudinally formed in the middle part of the anti-falling sliding block 53 in the dovetail-sliding rail groove 52, a driving screw 54 is sleeved in the threaded hole in a matching manner, the left end and the right end of the driving screw are respectively rotatably fixed on the inner wall of the dovetail-shaped rail groove on the adjacent side, the dovetail-shaped rail groove, the driving screw extends outwards to form the base and is fixedly connected with a handle disc 55, and can be driven by a handle disc to drive the dovetail-falling screw to drive the dovetail-sliding block to adjust the size of the dovetail-sliding block, so as to rotate the dovetail-falling block along the dovetail-sliding block; when the clamping block is driven to move towards the right clamping block, the distance between the two clamping blocks is reduced, so that the base is fixed on the guide rail of the lathe bed through the two clamping block sliding clamps.
As shown in fig. 3, the linkage centering device 3 includes a lifting platform 31, an electric lifting frame 32, a centering hoop 33, a calibration component and a linkage control mechanism 34, the lifting platform 31 is installed on the base 2 through the electric lifting frame 32, the centering hoop 33 is installed on the lifting platform in a matching manner, and when the base is clamped on the lathe bed track, the central axis of the centering hoop and the central axis of the tailstock top shaft of the lathe bed are on the same vertical plane; electric crane 32 is connected with the control unit, and the control unit can adjust centering hoop height according to calibration subassembly control aligning elevating system, makes centering hoop and the tailstock apical axis of lathe set up with the axle center, specifically:
the electric lifting frame 32 comprises a lifting screw rod 321 which is fixed on the upper end surface of the base in a longitudinal rotating manner, the directions of the threads of the left section and the right section of the lifting screw rod 321 are opposite, one end of the lifting screw rod 321 is connected with a lifting motor 322 in a transmission manner, the lifting motor is a stepping motor, the lifting motor 322 is connected with a control unit, and the control unit can drive the lifting screw rod to rotate by controlling the lifting motor; the left section and the right section of the lifting screw rod are symmetrically sleeved with mounting platforms 323, and the bottom surfaces of the mounting platforms 323 are in sliding contact with the upper end surface of the base; a plurality of support rods 234 are hinged on the two mounting tables 323 at intervals in the transverse direction, the other ends of the support rods on the two mounting tables are arranged upwards in opposite directions and hinged with the bottom surfaces of the lifting tables, so that a shear type support frame is formed, when the lifting motor drives the lifting screw rods to rotate clockwise, the rotating lifting screw rods drive the two mounting tables to move in opposite directions along the upper end surfaces of the bases, and the shear type support frame is driven to move upwards to be too high; otherwise, the lifting platform descends.
The calibration assembly comprises a centering plate 35 which is hinged on the upper rear end face of the lifting table at the rear side of the centering hoop, and the centering plate can be upwards turned and erected around the hinged end; the top end of the centering plate is provided with an arc-shaped centering notch 351, the centering notch at the top end of the centering plate and the centering hoop are coaxially arranged in the standing state, the diameter size of the centering notch is matched with the diameter size of a tailstock ejector shaft 121 of a lathe, when the centering plate is used, the lathe tailstock is pushed forwards after the centering plate is upwards erected around a hinged end, a handle rotates to drive the ejector shaft of the tailstock to extend forwards and insert into the centering hoop, then the electric lifting frame is controlled by the control unit to drive the lifting plate to lift, the centering plate in the standing state can synchronously lift along with the lifting plate, when the centering notch at the top end of the lifting plate is matched with the tailstock ejector shaft to be in abutting contact, the lifting table stops being lifted, and the centering hoop on the lifting table, the tailstock ejector shaft and the lathe chuck are in the coaxial state in the standing state.
The left side and the right side of the centering hoop 33 are symmetrically provided with a plurality of supporting cylinders 36 along the circumference, cylinder bodies 361 of the supporting cylinders are fixed on the centering hoop 33 along the radial direction, the top ends of piston rods 362 of the supporting cylinders 36 extend into the centering hoop, and the piston rods of the supporting cylinders keep a retraction state in a natural state; the front and back end of the cylinder body of the supporting cylinder is respectively provided with a reset hole 363 and an air vent 364 which are communicated with the front cavity and the back cavity in the cylinder body, the reset hole and the air vent of the supporting cylinder on the centering hoop are connected with a linkage control mechanism through air pipes, and a controller can synchronously control the piston rods of all the supporting cylinders to extend outwards and reset with the same ejection force through the linkage control mechanism, specifically:
as shown in fig. 5, the linkage control mechanism 34 includes a transition tank 341, a high-pressure air source, a hole sealing assembly and a power part, the transition tank is installed on the moving base of the lifting moving seat along the vertical direction at intervals, a partition plate 342 is provided in the middle of the transition tank 341 in a matching manner, the partition plate hermetically divides the internal space of the transition tank into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, an inflation hole and an exhaust hole communicated with the lower chamber are provided upwards at the bottom of the transition tank 341, the inflation hole is connected with the exhaust end of the high-pressure air source through an air pipe, the high-pressure air source is of various types, for example, the high-pressure air source is a high-pressure air pump in this embodiment; an electric control valve is installed on the exhaust hole at the bottom of the transition tank 341 in a matching manner, the electric control valve and the high-pressure air source are both connected with the control unit, and the opening and closing of the electric control valve and the high-pressure air source can be controlled through the control unit.
The annular inward wall of the upper chamber 3411 is uniformly provided with gas storage holes 343 the same as the number of the supporting cylinders along the circumference, and the gas storage holes 343 are communicated with the reset holes 363 on the corresponding supporting cylinders through gas pipes; the annular inner wall of the lower chamber 3412 is uniformly provided with air supply holes 345 with the same number as the supporting cylinders along the circumference, the positions of the air supply holes 345 correspond to the positions of the air storage holes, and all the air supply holes are respectively communicated with the corresponding air holes 364 on the supporting cylinders through air pipes; the upper cavity 3411 and the lower cavity 3412 are internally provided with hole sealing assemblies in a matched mode, the two hole sealing assemblies are connected with a power part in a transmission mode, the power part is connected with a control unit, and the control unit can drive the hole sealing assemblies in the two cavities to synchronously seal and open the air supply hole and the air storage hole.
The power part comprises a stepping motor 346 which is in control connection with the control unit, the middle part of the bottom of the lower cavity is vertically provided with a shaft hole and is rotatably sleeved with a control rotating shaft 347, and the tail end of the control rotating shaft 347 extends downwards to form a transition tank and is in transmission connection with the stepping motor 346; the top end of the control rotating shaft upwards penetrates through the partition plate to extend into the upper cavity in a sealing mode, and the hole sealing assemblies in the upper cavity and the lower cavity are installed on the control rotating shaft of the corresponding cavity in a matching mode.
The hole sealing assembly comprises arc-shaped baffles 348 and a connecting frame 349, an arc-shaped baffle 348 is arranged on the inner annular wall of the transition tank between every two adjacent air storage holes 343 in the upper chamber, an arc-shaped baffle 348 is arranged on the inner annular wall of the transition tank between every two adjacent air supply holes in the lower chamber, the arc-shaped baffles of the hole sealing assembly in the upper chamber and the lower chamber slide and tightly abut against the inner annular wall of the energy storage tank, the arc-shaped baffles in the chambers are uniformly distributed, the connecting frame 349 is fixedly sleeved on the control rotating shaft 347 in the corresponding chamber, the connecting frame 347 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the arc-shaped baffle around the same chamber, and when the control rotating shaft rotates, the arc-shaped baffles can be driven by the connecting frame to rotate along the inner annular wall of the transition tank to seal inner orifices of the holes.
The control unit comprises a controller and a power supply, the controller is connected with the stepping motor and the high-pressure air source and used for controlling the stepping motor and the high-pressure air source to work, and the controller is connected with the power supply and used for supplying electric energy to the stepping motor and the high-pressure air source.
The centering and clamping device comprises a four-jaw chuck which is installed on a lathe spindle box 13 in a matching mode, the four-jaw chuck is an existing four-jaw chuck, each jaw 42 on the four-jaw chuck 41 is provided with a mounting hole 421 penetrating through the jaw along the radial direction, a screwing telescopic rod 43 is installed in each mounting hole 421 in a matching mode, the screwing end of the screwing telescopic rod is arranged outwards, the screwing end of the screwing telescopic rod is arranged inwards, and a V-shaped clamping end 44 is hinged to the screwing telescopic rod in a hinged mode, specifically:
the mounting hole is the square hole, revolves to twist telescopic link 43 including rotating the screw rod 431 of suit in the mounting hole, and six arris spanner holes in the screw rod 431 is equipped with towards outside one end, and the screw rod 431 is equipped with swivel nut 432 towards inside one end matching cover, and the swivel nut 432 other end is articulated with the centre gripping end, and swivel nut 432 shape size and mounting hole match, can order about the swivel nut and slide in the mounting hole when rotating the screw rod through the spanner to stretching out and returning of hole centre gripping end.
When the lathe is used, when a worker needs to use the lathe to carry out turning on a columnar special-shaped workpiece, firstly, the base is moved to the position above a lathe bed rail through the lifting moving seat, then, the base is driven to move downwards to be erected on the lathe bed rail through the lifting support mechanism, then, the base is clamped on the lathe bed rail through the clamping and positioning device, then, the centering plate at the tail end of the lifting table is upwards erected around the hinged end of the centering plate, the lathe tailstock is pushed forwards, the rear handle of the lathe tailstock is rotated to drive the jacking shaft of the tailstock to extend forwards and be inserted into the centering hoop ring, then, the lifting plate is driven to lift through the control unit to control the jacking of the centering hoop and the jacking of the tailstock to be in a coaxial state;
then after the tailstock is controlled to reset, the centering plate is turned over and put down, then the workpiece is inserted into the centering hoop, the high-pressure air source is started to be started through the controller of the control unit, high-pressure air can be discharged into the lower cavity of the transition tank through the air pipe after the high-pressure air source is started, the high-pressure air entering the lower cavity of the transition tank can be shunted and discharged into the rear cavity of the supporting cylinder on the centering hoop through the pressure supply hole in the lower cavity, the piston in the cylinder body of the supporting cylinder can be pushed to move forwards along with the rise of the pressure in the rear cavity of the supporting cylinder, so that the piston rod of each supporting cylinder is driven to extend towards the inside of the centering hoop and is in abutting contact with the outer surface of the workpiece to clamp the workpiece, the pressure in the rear cavity of each supporting cylinder is the same as the pressure of the transition tank in the process, and when the piston rod of each supporting cylinder extends to push the workpiece, the clamping device can extend outwards with the same ejection force to be abutted against the outer surface of a workpiece, the workpiece is quickly centered and pre-fixed, then the wrench drives four clamping jaws on the four-jaw chuck to move to clamp the end part of the workpiece, in the clamping process, although the workpiece and the four-jaw chuck are in a concentric state after the workpiece and the four-jaw chuck are centered and pre-fixed through the linkage centering device, the four clamping jaws in the four-jaw chuck cannot be simultaneously abutted against the outer surface of the workpiece due to the fact that the surface of the workpiece is irregular, therefore, after the four clamping jaws are abutted against the outer surface of the workpiece in the moving process, the clamping jaws stop moving, then the wrench is switched to screw a screwing telescopic rod which is not abutted against the workpiece, the V-shaped clamping end is driven to extend inwards to be abutted against the workpiece, the workpiece is centered and fixed through the combination of the clamping jaws and the V-shaped clamping end, and then the workpiece is centered and fixed;
then after the electric control valve is controlled and controlled to be opened through the controller, the controller can control the stepping motor to reversely reset to open the hole in the transition tank, at the moment, high-pressure gas in the rear cavity of the supporting cylinder can be discharged out of the transition tank through the opened electric control valve, air which is extruded by the piston and discharged into the upper cavity can be discharged along with the high-pressure gas in the rear cavity of the supporting cylinder, enters the front cavity of the supporting cylinder again to drive the piston to reset, and the piston rod is retracted and reset; after the support cylinder is reset, the base centering hoop is pushed backwards along the lathe bed track to be pulled out of the workpiece, so that the linkage centering device can be moved out of the lathe, and then the workpiece clamped by the centering hoop can be turned.
Compared with the mode that the conventional lathe clamps the columnar special-shaped workpiece with poor roundness, the high-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp provided by the embodiment can be used for centering and pre-fixing the columnar special-shaped workpiece with poor roundness through the linkage centering device, so that the columnar special-shaped workpiece is coaxial with the tailstock top shaft and the lathe chuck; when the centered workpiece is clamped by the four-jaw chuck, the workpiece is clamped by matching the V-shaped clamping end heads in the jaws with the jaws, so that the distance difference between each jaw and the outer surface of the adjacent workpiece is compensated, the workpiece can be centered and fixed, the accuracy of lathe furniture is effectively improved, redundant parts on the outer surface of the workpiece can be accurately cut when the outer circle of the subsequent workpiece is turned, the time required by the workpiece is effectively shortened, the efficiency of work transfer is improved, and the loss rate of the workpiece raw material processing is reduced.
Example 2
The difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that, as shown in fig. 3, dovetail-shaped guide chutes 6 are symmetrically formed in the upper end surfaces of the bases on the front side and the rear side of the lifting screw rod, a dovetail-shaped slider is mounted in each guide chute in a matching manner, and the two dovetail-shaped sliders in the same guide chute are fixedly connected with the mounting tables on the adjacent sides respectively, so that when the driving screw rod rotates to drive the two mounting tables to slide along the upper end surfaces of the bases in opposite directions or opposite directions, the sliding track according to the state is further restrained, the supporting of the shear type supporting frame can be firmer without urgency, and the expanding and retracting processes of the shear type supporting frame can be more stable.
Example 3
Example 4
Embodiment 4 is different from embodiment 3 in that the centering hoop includes a left half hoop and a right half hoop which are symmetrically arranged, the left half hoop is directly fixed on the lifting table through a bolt, the right half hoop is transversely slidably mounted on the lifting table, and top ends of the left half hoop and the right half hoop are provided with bolt seats in a matching manner, when the bolt seats at the top ends of the left half hoop and the right half hoop are overlapped, the left half hoop and the right half hoop can be fixed together through a bolt, so that a complete hoop is formed; compared with the embodiment 3, when the device provided by the embodiment is used, the right half hoop and the left half hoop are pushed to be separated at first, so that when a workpiece is placed, the workpiece can be placed longitudinally, after the workpiece is placed between the two half hoops through the gap between the right half hoop and the left half hoop, the workpiece is placed transversely, the two half hoops are fixed together after the right half hoop and the left half hoop are aligned, and then the workpiece can be centered and fixed; compared with the mode that the centering hoop is inserted from one side, the workpiece is installed through dislocation separation of the left half hoop and the right half hoop, the position of the tailstock does not need to be adjusted, and time and labor are saved.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like which are made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or the equivalents of such scope and boundary.
Claims (10)
1. A high-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp comprises a base which is longitudinally and crossly placed on a lathe bed track of a lathe, wherein one end of the base extends out of the lathe and is connected with a lifting moving seat; the bottom surface of the base is provided with a clamping and positioning device, and the base can be clamped on the lathe bed track in a sliding manner through the clamping and positioning device; the linkage centering device comprises a lifting platform, an electric lifting frame, a centering hoop, a calibration assembly and a linkage control mechanism, wherein the lifting platform is installed on a lifting base through the electric lifting frame, the centering hoop is installed on an installation platform in a matching mode, and when the base is clamped on a lathe bed track, the central axis of the centering hoop and the central axis of a tailstock top shaft of a lathe are on the same vertical plane; the electric lifting frame is connected with the control unit, and the control unit can control the aligning lifting mechanism to adjust the height of the centering hoop according to the calibration assembly, so that the centering hoop and a tailstock top shaft of the lathe are coaxially arranged; the left side and the right side of the centering hoop are symmetrically provided with a plurality of supporting cylinders along the circumference, the cylinder bodies of the supporting cylinders are fixed on the centering hoop along the radial direction, the top ends of the piston rods of the supporting cylinders extend into the centering hoop, and the piston rods of the supporting cylinders keep a retraction state in a natural state; the front end and the rear end of the cylinder body of the supporting cylinder are respectively provided with a reset hole and an air vent which are communicated with the front cavity and the rear cavity in the cylinder body, the reset hole and the air vent of the supporting cylinder on the centering hoop are connected with a linkage control mechanism through air pipes, and a controller can synchronously control piston rods of all the supporting cylinders to extend outwards and reset with the same ejection force through the linkage control mechanism; the centering and clamping device comprises a four-jaw chuck which is installed on a lathe spindle box in a matching mode, each jaw on the four-jaw chuck is provided with a mounting hole penetrating through the jaw along the radial direction, a screwing telescopic rod is installed in each mounting hole in a matching mode, the screwing end of the screwing telescopic rod is arranged outwards, and the telescopic end of the screwing telescopic rod is arranged inwards and hinged to a V-shaped clamping end.
2. The high-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lifting moving seat comprises a moving base placed on the ground, universal wheels are arranged on the bottom surface of the moving base, and a lifting support mechanism is arranged on the moving base and is vertically connected with one end, extending out of the lathe, of the base through the lifting support mechanism.
3. The special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp for the high-precision lathe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping and positioning device comprises inverted L-shaped clamping blocks symmetrically arranged on the bottom surfaces of the bases on the left and right sides of the lathe bed rail, the bottom surface of the base above the left clamping block in the two clamping blocks is provided with a clamping driving mechanism, the clamping driving mechanism comprises a dovetail-shaped rail groove longitudinally arranged, a dovetail-shaped anti-disengaging slider is fittingly arranged in the rail groove, the anti-disengaging slider extends downwards to form the dovetail-shaped rail groove to be fixedly connected with the top end of the adjacent side clamping block, a driving screw rod is longitudinally rotatably arranged in the rail groove, the anti-disengaging slider is fittingly sleeved on the driving screw rod, and the left end of the driving screw rod extends outwards to form the base and is fixedly connected with a handle disc.
4. The special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp for the high-precision lathe according to claim 1, wherein the electric lifting frame comprises a lifting screw rod which is fixed on the upper end surface of the base in a longitudinal rotating mode, the thread directions of the left section and the right section of the lifting screw rod are opposite, and one end of the lifting screw rod is in transmission connection with a lifting motor which is connected with a control unit; the left section and the right section of the lifting screw rod are symmetrically sleeved with mounting tables, and the bottom surfaces of the mounting tables are in sliding contact with the upper end surface of the base; two it has many spinal branchs poles to articulate along horizontal alternate interval on the mount table, and the bracing piece other end on two mount tables all sets up upwards in opposite directions to it is articulated with the bottom surface of elevating platform, thereby constitutes one and cuts formula support frame.
5. The high-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calibration assembly comprises a centering plate hinged on the rear end face of the lifting platform on the rear side of the centering hoop, and the centering plate can be turned upwards and erected around the hinged end; the top end of the centering plate is provided with an arc-shaped centering notch, the centering notch at the top end of the centering plate and the centering hoop are coaxially arranged in a standing state, and the diameter size of the centering notch is matched with that of a tailstock jacking shaft of a lathe.
6. The high-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calibration assembly comprises a centering plate hinged on the rear end face of the lifting platform on the rear side of the centering hoop, and the centering plate can be turned upwards and erected around the hinged end; the top end of the centering plate is provided with an arc-shaped centering notch, the centering notch at the top end of the centering plate and the centering hoop are coaxially arranged in a standing state, and the diameter size of the centering notch is matched with the diameter size of a tailstock jacking shaft of a lathe.
7. The high-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the linkage control mechanism comprises a transition tank, a high-pressure air source, a hole sealing assembly and a power part, a partition plate is arranged in the middle of the transition tank in a matching manner and hermetically divides the internal space of the transition tank into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, an inflation hole and an exhaust hole communicated with the lower cavity are formed in the bottom of the transition tank, the inflation hole is connected with the exhaust end of the high-pressure air source through an air pipe, an electric control valve is arranged on the exhaust hole in the bottom of the transition tank in a matching manner, and the electric control valve and the high-pressure air source are both in control connection with a control unit; the annular inward wall of the upper cavity is uniformly provided with gas storage holes with the same number as that of the supporting cylinders along the circumference, and the gas storage holes are communicated with the reset holes on the corresponding supporting cylinders through gas pipes; air supply holes corresponding to the air storage holes are uniformly formed in the annular inner wall of the lower cavity along the circumference, and all the air supply holes are respectively communicated with the air holes in the corresponding supporting cylinders through air pipes; the upper cavity and the lower cavity are internally provided with hole sealing components in a matching mode, the two hole sealing components are in transmission connection with a power piece, and the power piece is connected with the control unit.
8. The special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp for the high-precision lathe according to claim 7, wherein the power part comprises a stepping motor in control connection with the control unit, a shaft hole is vertically formed in the middle of the bottom of the lower cavity and rotatably sleeved with a control rotating shaft, and the tail end of the control rotating shaft extends downwards to form a transition tank and is in transmission connection with the stepping motor; the top of control pivot upwards passes the sealed extension of baffle and goes into in the upper chamber, go up the hole sealing subassembly in cavity and the lower chamber and all match and install in the control pivot that corresponds the cavity.
9. The high accuracy lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp according to claim 8, wherein the hole sealing assembly comprises an arc-shaped baffle and a connecting frame, an arc-shaped baffle is arranged on the inner ring wall of the transition tank between every two adjacent gas storage holes in the upper chamber, an arc-shaped baffle is arranged on the inner ring wall of the transition tank between every two adjacent gas supply holes in the lower chamber, the arc-shaped baffles of the hole sealing assemblies in the upper chamber and the lower chamber are in sliding tight contact with the inner ring wall of the energy storage tank, the connecting frame is fixedly sleeved on the control rotating shaft in the corresponding chamber, and the connecting frame is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the arc-shaped baffle around the same chamber.
10. The special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp for the high-precision lathe according to claim 1, wherein the mounting hole is a square hole, the screwing telescopic rod comprises a screw rod rotatably sleeved in the mounting hole, an outward end of the screw rod is provided with an inner hexagonal wrench hole, an inward end of the screw rod is matched and sleeved with a threaded sleeve, the other end of the threaded sleeve is hinged with the clamping end, and the shape and the size of the threaded sleeve are matched with those of the mounting hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211115876.1A CN115673355A (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | High-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211115876.1A CN115673355A (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | High-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115673355A true CN115673355A (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211115876.1A Pending CN115673355A (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | High-precision lathe special-shaped rod centering linkage clamp |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116532675A (en) * | 2023-05-13 | 2023-08-04 | 佛山市顺德区高行电器有限公司 | Water pump shaft machining lathe capable of quickly changing materials and method |
-
2022
- 2022-09-14 CN CN202211115876.1A patent/CN115673355A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116532675A (en) * | 2023-05-13 | 2023-08-04 | 佛山市顺德区高行电器有限公司 | Water pump shaft machining lathe capable of quickly changing materials and method |
| CN116532675B (en) * | 2023-05-13 | 2024-01-19 | 湘潭铵达机电科技有限公司 | Water pump shaft machining lathe capable of quickly changing materials and method |
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