CN115657305A - AR display device and wearable AR equipment - Google Patents
AR display device and wearable AR equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN115657305A CN115657305A CN202211190084.0A CN202211190084A CN115657305A CN 115657305 A CN115657305 A CN 115657305A CN 202211190084 A CN202211190084 A CN 202211190084A CN 115657305 A CN115657305 A CN 115657305A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0112—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display
- G02B2027/0114—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display comprising dichroic elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides an AR display device and a wearable AR device, which are provided with a curved surface folding and half-reflecting mirror, wherein the curved surface folding and half-reflecting mirror comprises a curved mirror substrate and a semi-transparent and half-reflecting film, and the semi-transparent and half-reflecting film is positioned on one side of the curved mirror substrate, which is back to a spectroscope, so that the refraction and reflection of the original curved mirror which only reflects once are increased. The number of refraction surfaces is increased on the premise that the system volume is not changed, the design freedom degree is improved, a foundation is provided for reducing aberration and improving optical performance, the imaging system is enabled to be higher in definition and larger in visual angle while the volume is reduced.
Description
The present case is the divisional application, original application number: 201810146912.8, filing date of original application: 12/02/2018.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of augmented reality imaging, in particular to an AR display device and wearable AR equipment.
Background
AR (Augmented Reality) is also called mixed Reality, and its principle is that virtual information is applied to the real world by computer technology, and real environment and virtual object are superimposed on the same picture or space in real time and exist at the same time.
Currently, people can interact with the real world through wearable devices, such as AR glasses or AR helmets. As shown in fig. 1, an optical system of the conventional AR display device includes an image source 11, a beam splitter 3, a curved half mirror 4, and a lens 12 located above the beam splitter 3, the image source 11 is disposed on an upper portion of the optical system, and a distance is provided between the image source 11 and the lens 12, and image light of the image source 11 is incident into the lens 12 from above and downward. Meanwhile, ambient light enters from the right side to the left side (direction of human eyes) of the curved half mirror 4, and disturbance light also enters from the lower side of the spectroscope. Part of the image light rays are reflected to the curved surface semi-reflecting mirror 4 through the spectroscope 3, and part of the image light rays are reflected to the spectroscope 3 through the curved surface semi-reflecting mirror 4. Meanwhile, part of the ambient light sequentially passes through the curved semi-reflecting mirror 4 and the spectroscope 3 to reach human eyes; part of the disturbing light is reflected by the beam splitter 3 to reach the human eye. The partial image light, the partial environment light and the partial interference light finally reach human eyes at the same time, so that the user can see the external real environment and the image of the image source 11 superimposed in the real environment.
The existing AR display device has the following drawbacks:
the system is limited in size and it is difficult to improve the imaging quality and optical performance by increasing the number of lenses.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an AR display device and a wearable AR apparatus.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an AR display apparatus, including an image projection apparatus and an optical path component;
the image projection device comprises an image source;
the light path component comprises a spectroscope and a curved surface folding and semi-reflecting mirror which are sequentially arranged, wherein the curved surface folding and semi-reflecting mirror comprises a curved surface mirror substrate and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film, and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film is positioned on one side of the curved surface mirror substrate, which is far away from the spectroscope.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the curved mirror further includes an antireflection film, and the antireflection film is located on a side of the curved mirror substrate, which is close to the beam splitter.
With reference to the first aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the image projection apparatus further includes a matching mirror and/or a lens.
In combination with the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein when the image projection apparatus includes the image source, the matching lens and the lens, one side of the matching lens is closely attached to the image source; the other side is tightly attached to the lens.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein when the image projection apparatus includes the image source and the lens, the image source and the lens are closely attached to each other.
With reference to the third possible implementation manner or the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the beam splitter is a polarization beam splitter, and the optical path assembly further includes a wave plate assembly, and the wave plate assembly is located between the polarization beam splitter and the curved folding-half mirror.
With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the polarizing beam splitter includes a polarizing splitting film;
the polarization beam splitting film is used for passing the polarized light with the polarization state in the first direction and reflecting the polarized light with the polarization state in the second direction;
the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.
In combination with the sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the polarization beam splitter further includes a beam splitter substrate.
With reference to the sixth or seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where an included angle between the reflection plane of the polarizing beam splitter and the optical axis of the curved folding and half-reflecting mirror is α; an included angle between the normal of the image source and the reflecting plane of the polarization spectroscope is beta; the value range of alpha is between beta-10 degrees and beta +10 degrees, and the value range of alpha is more than or equal to 90 degrees and more than or equal to 0 degrees.
In combination with the eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein β is 0 ° to 90 °.
In combination with the eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein β is 40 ° to 50 °.
With reference to the ninth or tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an example of the present invention provides an eleventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein when the polarized light in the first direction and the polarized light in the second direction rotate around the light propagation direction by 0 ° to 360 ° while satisfying the condition of being perpendicular to each other, the polarization splitting film and the wave plate assembly also change the corresponding angles.
With reference to the eleventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, this embodiment of the present invention provides a twelfth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the wave plate assembly is a 1/4 wave plate.
In combination with the twelfth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a thirteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein a 1/4 wave plate is disposed between the polarization beam splitter and the curved transflective mirror.
With reference to the twelfth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, this embodiment of the present invention provides a fourteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the 1/4 wave plate is attached to the inner side of the curved transflective mirror.
With reference to the third or fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fifteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the refractive index of the matching mirror is 1 to 2.7.
With reference to the fifteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a sixteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the matching mirror is made of a liquid material, a liquid crystal material, a semi-solid material, or a solid material.
With reference to the sixteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a seventeenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein when the matching lens is made of a liquid material, a liquid crystal material, or a semi-solid material, the image projection apparatus further includes a sealing structure that seals the matching lens between the image source and the lens.
With reference to the sixteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an eighteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein when the matching lens is made of a solid material, the image source, the matching lens and the lens are directly connected to each other.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nineteenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the image source is an image source of an integrated light source or a single image source.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a wearable device, including a clip member and the AR display apparatus described above.
The basic working principle of the invention is as follows:
the AR display device adopts a polarized light path component, the polarized light path component comprises a polarized spectroscope, a wave plate component and a curved surface refraction and semi-reflection mirror which are sequentially arranged in the horizontal direction, and an image projection device is positioned above the polarized spectroscope. Image light emitted from the image projection device is projected onto the polarization spectroscope, polarized light in a first direction in the image light is emitted to the outside through the polarization spectroscope, and polarized light in a second direction in the image light is reflected onto the wave plate component; the circularly polarized light is converted into circularly polarized light by the wave plate component, enters the curved surface semi-reflecting mirror, one part of light is emitted to the outside, the other part of light is reflected by the curved surface semi-reflecting mirror, then passes through the wave plate component, is converted into polarized light in a first direction by the circularly polarized light, and enters human eyes through the polarized spectroscope. And finally, partial image light is received by human eyes, so that a user can see a virtual image with a large visual angle.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides an AR display device and a wearable AR device, which are provided with a curved surface folding and half-reflecting mirror, wherein the curved surface folding and half-reflecting mirror comprises a curved mirror substrate and a semi-transparent and half-reflecting film, and the semi-transparent and half-reflecting film is positioned on one side of the curved mirror substrate, which is back to a spectroscope, so that the original curved mirror which only reflects once is added into two times of refraction and one time of reflection. The number of refraction surfaces is increased on the premise that the system volume is not changed, the design freedom degree is improved, a foundation is provided for reducing aberration and improving optical performance, the imaging system is enabled to be higher in definition and larger in visual angle while the volume is reduced.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an AR display device in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an AR display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an image projection apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an image projection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a curved mirror according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an AR display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:
1-an image projection device; 11-an image source; 12-a lens; 13-matching the lens; a 3-spectroscope; 4-curved surface half-reflecting mirror; 5-a polarizing beam splitter; 6-a wave plate assembly; 7-curved surface folding half-reflecting mirror; 71-an antireflection film; a 72-curved mirror substrate; 73-transflective film.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to solve the problems that the system of the conventional AR display device is limited in volume and difficult to improve the imaging quality and the optical performance by increasing the number of lenses, an embodiment of the invention provides an AR display device and a wearable AR device.
Example one
The present embodiment provides an AR display device, as shown in fig. 2, which includes an image projection device 1 and an optical path component;
the image projection device 1 comprises an image source 11, wherein the image source 11 is used for displaying an image to be projected into a human eye, and the image source 11 can be a planar image source, including but not limited to an integrated light source or a single image source. For example, electronic devices based On Display principles such as OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode), LCOS (Liquid Crystal On Silicon), LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), MEMS (Micro electro mechanical Systems), DMD (Digital Micro-mirror Device), and the like. Wherein, OLED and LCD are the image source of the integrated light source; LCOS, MEMS and DMD are single image sources, and additional auxiliary light sources are required.
The optical path assembly comprises a spectroscope 3 and a curved-surface folding and reflecting mirror 7 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the curved-surface folding and reflecting mirror 7 comprises a curved-surface mirror substrate 72 and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film 73, and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film 73 is positioned on one side of the curved-surface mirror substrate 72, which is far away from the spectroscope. The transflective film 73 may reflect a portion of the incident light back to the beam splitter 3.
If the curved mirror 7 includes an antireflection film 71, a curved mirror substrate 72 and a transflective film 73, the antireflection film 71 is located on a side close to the dichroic mirror 3, and the transflective film 73 is located on a side away from the dichroic mirror 3. That is, the antireflection film, the curved mirror substrate, and the semi-transparent film may be arranged in the thickness direction in the order of the antireflection film, the curved mirror substrate, and the semi-transparent film from the inside to the outside as shown in fig. 5. Here, the side close to the spectroscope 3 is the inner side, and the side far from the spectroscope 3 is the outer side. Because the curved surface refraction and reflection mirror comprises the antireflection film positioned at the inner side and the semi-transmission and semi-reflection film positioned at the outer side, the curved surface mirror which only reflects once originally is increased into two times of refraction and one time of reflection. The number of the refraction surfaces is increased on the premise that the volume of the system is not changed, the design freedom degree is improved, a foundation is provided for reducing aberration and improving optical performance, and the imaging system has higher definition and larger visual angle while the volume is reduced.
Example two
The present embodiment provides an AR display device, as shown in fig. 3, which includes an image projection device 1 and an optical path component;
the image projection device 1 includes an image source 11, a matching mirror 13, and a lens 12. It should be noted that the image projection device may include only the image source and the matching mirror. Wherein, the image source 11 is used for displaying the image to be projected into human eye, and the image source 11 can be a planar image source, including but not limited to an integrated light source or a single image source. For example, an electronic Device having a Display principle such as an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode), an LCOS (Liquid Crystal On Silicon), an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), an MEMS (Micro electro mechanical Systems), and a DMD (Digital Micro-mirror Device) is known. Wherein, OLED and LCD are the image source of the integrated light source; LCOS, MEMS and DMD are single image sources, and additional auxiliary light sources are needed.
The matching lens 13 is positioned between the image source 11 and the lens 12, one side of the matching lens 13 is attached to the image source 11, and the other side is attached to the lens 12. The matching mirror 13 has a high light transmittance and a certain refractive index, and the refractive index of the matching mirror 13 is larger than that of air. The matching lens 13 may be made of a transparent liquid material, such as water, alcohol, etc.; or made of transparent solid materials, such as glass, resin, etc.; it can also be made of liquid crystal or semisolid material.
When the material of the matching lens 13 is liquid, an external sealing structure, for example, a sealing frame, is arranged between the lens 12 and the image source 11, so that a sealing cavity is formed between the lens 12 and the image source 11, thereby preventing the material loss of the matching lens. When the matching lens 13 is made of a solid material, the matching lens 13 can be directly connected between the image source 11 and the lens 12 without a frame. I.e. the image source 11 and the matching mirror 13 are directly connected or glued, and the matching mirror 13 and the lens 12 are directly connected or glued.
The lens 12 may be a single lens or a group of lenses. Each lens in the lens or the lens group can be a convex lens, a concave lens or any combination of the convex lens and the concave lens, etc., the surface type of the lens can be a spherical surface, an aspherical surface, a free-form surface, etc., and the lens 12 refracts light rays and cooperates with a polarized light path component to jointly complete imaging.
As shown in fig. 1, since there is a gap between the image source and the lens of the conventional AR display device and the gap is too large, on one hand, the size of the AR display device is too large, the distribution of elements is too dispersed, and the optical system structure is too large, which is difficult to adjust and is easy to damage. On the other hand, because the image source is in the air, the refractive index is low, the numerical aperture is difficult to improve, the system limit resolution is limited, and the design difficulty is high. And because the difference of the refractive indexes of the air and the lens interface is large, the reflectivity of the surface is high, and stray light such as ghost images and the like is easily caused to a subsequent system. The ghost image is an additional image generated near the focal plane of the optical system by reflection on the lens surface, and the additional image is generally dark in brightness and is displaced from the original image.
Compared with the prior art, as shown in fig. 4, the image light emitted by the image source of the embodiment firstly enters the matching mirror, and the matching mirror has high light transmittance and a certain refractive index, so that compared with an air medium, the refractive index difference of the interface when the light enters the lens is reduced, the transmittance of the upper surface of the lens is improved, the light efficiency is increased, and the generation of stray light and ghost images is suppressed. Furthermore, the refractive index of air is 1, the refractive index of a matched mirror material can be 1-2.7, and according to the formula of R = (0.61 x lambda)/(n x sin theta) (R is the radius of a diffraction spot, lambda is the optical wavelength, n is the refractive index of an image plane, and theta is the incident aperture angle), the refractive index of the medium is improved, so that a smaller diffraction spot can be provided, and the imaging resolution is improved. By improving the image space refractive index, a larger numerical aperture is realized with a relatively small aperture angle, the deflection angle of edge light is reduced, and the design difficulty is reduced.
The optical path assembly comprises a spectroscope and a curved-surface folding and reflecting mirror 7 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the curved-surface folding and reflecting mirror 7 comprises a curved-surface mirror substrate 72 and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film 73, and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film 73 is positioned on one side of the curved-surface mirror substrate 72, which is far away from the spectroscope. The transflective film 73 may reflect a portion of the incident light back to the image assembly 6.
If the curved mirror 7 includes an antireflection film 71, a curved mirror substrate 72, and a half-mirror 73, the antireflection film 71 is located on the side close to the wave plate assembly 6, and the half-mirror 73 is located on the side away from the wave plate assembly 6. That is, the antireflection film, the curved mirror substrate, and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film may be arranged in the order of the antireflection film, the curved mirror substrate, and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film in the thickness direction, as shown in fig. 5. Here, the side close to the wave plate assembly 6 is the inner side, and the side far from the wave plate assembly 6 is the outer side. Because the curved surface refraction and reflection mirror comprises the antireflection film positioned at the inner side and the semi-transmission and semi-reflection film positioned at the outer side, the curved surface mirror which only reflects once originally is increased into two times of refraction and one time of reflection. The number of the refraction surfaces is increased on the premise that the volume of the system is not changed, the design freedom degree is improved, a foundation is provided for reducing aberration and improving optical performance, and the imaging system has higher definition and larger visual angle while the volume is reduced.
Alternatively, the beam splitter in this embodiment may be a common beam splitter, or may be a polarization beam splitter 5. When the spectroscope is a polarization spectroscope 5, the light path component comprises a polarization spectroscope 5, a wave plate component 6 and a curved surface refraction and half-reflection mirror 7 which are sequentially arranged in the horizontal direction. The polarizing beam splitter 5 is located below or above the image projection device 1. The wave plate component 6 is positioned between the polarization beam splitter 5 and the curved surface refraction-half mirror 7.
The polarization beam splitter 5 includes a beam splitter substrate and a polarization beam splitting film. The polarization splitting film is used for passing the polarized light with the polarization state in the first direction and reflecting the polarized light with the polarization state in the second direction. The polarizing beam splitter 5 is obliquely arranged.
Wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. For example, the first direction polarized light may be polarized light having a polarization state of P direction, and the second direction polarized light may be polarized light having a polarization state of S direction. Considering that the P-polarized light and the S-polarized light can rotate around the light propagation direction on the premise of being perpendicular to each other, the first-direction polarized light may also be polarized light with a polarization state forming a certain angle with the P direction, and the second-direction polarized light may also be polarized light with a polarization state forming a certain angle with the S direction.
Alternatively, the polarizing beam splitter 5 may not include a beam splitter substrate, and only include a polarizing beam splitting film.
The included angle between the reflecting plane of the polarizing beam splitter 5 and the optical axis of the curved reflecting-reflecting mirror 7 is equal to the included angle between the optical axis of the lens 12 and the reflecting plane of the polarizing beam splitter 5. As shown in fig. 3, the reflection plane of the polarization beam splitter 5 and the optical axis of the curved transflective mirror 7 form an angle α, and the included angle between the normal of the image source and the reflection plane of the polarization beam splitter is β; the value range of alpha is between beta-10 degrees and beta +10 degrees, and the value range of alpha is more than or equal to 90 degrees and more than or equal to 0 degrees. Beta is between 0 deg. and 90 deg., preferably 40 deg. to 50 deg., at which the field of view of the image light is at its maximum and the visible range of the image light is at its maximum.
The wave plate assembly 6 can adopt a 1/4 wave plate. The 1/4 wave plate is used for converting the incident second polarized light into circularly polarized light. The 1/4 wave plate can be a plane structure or a curved surface structure; the 1/4 wave plate can also be a cylindrical surface structure; the 1/4 wave plate can also be of a spherical or aspherical structure. The 1/4 wave plate can be arranged between the polarization beam splitter 5 and the curved transflective mirror 7, as shown in FIG. 3. The 1/4 wave plate can also be attached to the inner side of the curved transflective mirror 7, namely, the side adjacent to the polarizing beam splitter 5.
The image light emitted from the lens 12 enters the polarization beam splitter 5, the image light first contacts the polarization beam splitting film 53, and at this time, part of the polarized light with the second polarization direction in the image light is reflected to the wave plate assembly 6. Polarized light with the polarization direction in the second direction passes through the wave plate assembly 6 and is converted into circularly polarized light, and then the circularly polarized light enters one side of the antireflection film 71 of the curved refraction and reflection mirror 7, and the light is refracted for the first time; then, the light enters the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 73 side of the curved surface half-reflecting mirror, and at this time, the image light is split, and a part of the split light is emitted to the outside, and the other part is reflected by the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 73. The reflected image light is incident again on one side of the antireflection film 71, refracted for the second time, and then incident again on the 1/4 wave plate, and the circularly polarized light is changed into the first polarized light, that is, the polarized light with the first polarization state. The converted first polarized light is incident to the polarizing beam splitter 5 again, and because the polarization direction is the first direction, the light ray will pass through the polarizing beam splitting film and the beam splitter substrate and enter human eyes, so that a user can see a virtual image with a large visual angle.
The first polarized light and the second polarized light can rotate around the light transmission direction by 0-360 degrees on the premise of being perpendicular to each other, and the corresponding angles of the polarization light splitting film and the 1/4 wave plate are changed. Therefore, the installation angle of the polarization beam splitter and the wave plate assembly can be determined according to the angles of the first direction polarized light and the second direction polarized light during production.
Considering that the theoretical energy efficiency of the image light of the prior art AR device is only about 12.5%, the brightness of the image light is severely limited; and the volume of the system is limited, and the imaging quality and the optical performance are difficult to improve by increasing the number of lenses.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention adopts the polarized light path component, so that the light energy utilization rate can be improved by more than 1 time, the energy efficiency of the image light can be improved to about 25 percent, the brightness of the image light is improved, the power consumption is saved, and the heat productivity of the system is reduced.
When the ambient light enters the curved surface refraction and reflection mirror 7, a part of the ambient light penetrates through the curved surface refraction and reflection mirror 7, the wave plate assembly 6 and the polarization spectroscope 5 to enter human eyes, so that a user can see a real external environment, and the effect of enhancing reality is achieved through superposition display of a virtual image and the real environment.
In summary, the AR display device provided in this embodiment has the following advantages:
firstly, the image source is attached to or does not have a gap with the lens, so that the optical system has the advantages of more compact structure, smaller volume, lighter weight and comfortable wearing;
secondly, by improving the image space refractive index, a larger numerical aperture is realized by a relatively small aperture angle, the deflection angle of edge light is reduced, and the design difficulty is reduced;
thirdly, the refractive index difference of the lens interface is reduced, the transmittance of marginal rays is improved, ghost images are reduced, and the brightness is enhanced;
fourthly, the elements are compact in arrangement, convenient to install and adjust and high in system strength;
fifthly, the polarized beam splitter removes interference light, and the contrast ratio of image light and environment light is improved;
sixthly, the energy efficiency of image light is improved to about 25%, and the brightness is obviously improved;
seventh, under the condition of the same image light brightness requirement, the AR display device can save energy consumption and reduce the heat productivity of equipment;
and eighthly, the original curved mirror with only one reflection is increased into two-refraction one-reflection by designing parameters such as surface types, thicknesses, materials and the like of two surfaces of the curved refraction and half-reflection mirror. The number of the refraction surfaces is increased on the premise that the volume of the system is not changed, the design freedom degree is improved, a foundation is provided for reducing aberration and improving optical performance, and the imaging system has higher definition and larger visual angle while the volume is reduced.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment provides an AR display device, as shown in fig. 6, including an image projection device 1 and an optical path component.
The difference from the second embodiment is that: the image projection apparatus 1 of this embodiment includes an image source 11 and a lens 12. The image source 11 is closely attached to the lens 12.
Because the image source 11 is tightly attached to the lens 12, the image light emitted by the image source 11 directly enters the lens 12, so that the difference of the refractive indexes of the interfaces when the light enters the lens is reduced, the transmittance of the upper surface of the lens is improved, the light efficiency is increased, and the generation of stray light and ghost images can be inhibited.
The AR display device provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the image source is tightly attached to the lens, so that the optical system has a more compact structure, a smaller volume, a lighter weight and is comfortable to wear.
For brevity, the contents of the third embodiment are the same as those of the second embodiment, and reference is made to the second embodiment, which is not described herein again.
Example four
The embodiment of the invention further provides wearable AR equipment which comprises a clamp piece and the AR display device described in the first embodiment, the second embodiment or the third embodiment.
The wearable AR device may be, but is not limited to, AR glasses, an AR helmet, or an AR mask. When wearing formula AR equipment is AR glasses, the card hoop spare is the picture frame, and AR display device installs on the picture frame, is equivalent to the position of two lenses. When the wearable AR device is an AR helmet, the band member may be a helmet shell, and the AR display device is mounted on a window portion on a front side of the helmet shell.
The wearing formula AR equipment of this embodiment is provided with foretell AR display device, and AR display device adopts polarization light path subassembly, and polarization light path subassembly is including the polarization spectroscope, wave plate subassembly and the curved surface of arranging in proper order and rolls over half mirror, and image projection unit is located polarization spectroscope's top. Projecting image light emitted from the image projection device onto the polarizing beam splitter, wherein light with a first polarization state in the image light passes through the polarizing beam splitter and enters human eyes, and part of light with a second polarization state in the image light is reflected onto the wave plate component; the light is converted into circularly polarized light by the wave plate component, enters the curved surface semi-reflecting mirror, one part of light is emitted to the outside, the other part of light is reflected by the curved surface semi-reflecting mirror and then passes through the wave plate component, the circularly polarized light is converted into light with a polarization state in a first direction, and the light penetrates through the polarization spectroscope and enters human eyes. The user can see the virtual image with a large visual angle, the light energy utilization rate is improved, and the image light brightness is improved. Under the condition of the same image light brightness requirement, the AR display device can save energy consumption and reduce the heat productivity of equipment.
Simultaneously, still have following advantage: by improving the image space refractive index, a larger numerical aperture is realized by using a relatively small aperture angle, the deflection angle of edge light is reduced, and the design difficulty is reduced; the refractive index difference of the lens interface is reduced, the transmittance of marginal rays is improved, ghost images are reduced, and the brightness is enhanced; the elements are arranged compactly, the adjustment is convenient, the system strength is high, the weight is lighter, and the wearing is comfortable; the polarized beam splitter removes the interference light, the image has no stray light, the contrast is high; the energy efficiency of image light is improved to about 25%, and the brightness is obviously improved; by designing the parameters of surface type, thickness, material and the like of the two surfaces of the curved surface refraction and half reflection mirror, the curved surface mirror which only reflects once originally is increased into two times of refraction and one time of reflection. The number of the refraction surfaces is increased on the premise that the volume of the system is not changed, the design freedom degree is improved, a foundation is provided for reducing aberration and improving optical performance, and the imaging system has higher definition and larger visual angle while the volume is reduced.
The AR display device and the wearable AR equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention have the same technical characteristics, so the same technical problems can be solved, and the same technical effect is achieved.
It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" in the description of the embodiments of the present invention are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the following descriptions are only illustrative and not restrictive, and that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (21)
1. An AR display device comprising an image projection device and an optical path assembly;
the image projection device comprises an image source;
the light path component comprises a spectroscope and a curved surface folding and semi-reflecting mirror which are sequentially arranged, wherein the curved surface folding and semi-reflecting mirror comprises a curved surface mirror substrate and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film, and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film is positioned on one side of the curved surface mirror substrate, which is far away from the spectroscope.
2. The AR display device of claim 1, wherein the curved mirror further comprises an antireflection film on a side of the curved mirror substrate adjacent to the beam splitter.
3. The AR display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the image projection device further comprises a matching mirror and/or lens.
4. The AR display device of claim 3, wherein when the image projection device includes an image source, a matching mirror, and a lens, a side of the matching mirror is in close proximity to the image source; the other side is tightly attached to the lens.
5. The AR display device of claim 3, wherein when the image projection device includes an image source and a lens, the image source and the lens are in close proximity.
6. The AR display device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the beam splitter is a polarizing beam splitter, the optical path assembly further comprising a wave plate assembly positioned between the polarizing beam splitter and the curved transflective mirror.
7. The AR display device of claim 6, wherein the polarizing beam splitter comprises a polarizing beam splitting film;
the polarization beam splitting film is used for passing the polarized light with the polarization state in the first direction and reflecting the polarized light with the polarization state in the second direction;
the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.
8. The AR display device of claim 7, wherein the polarizing beamsplitter further comprises a beamsplitter substrate.
9. The AR display device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein an angle between a reflection plane of the polarizing beam splitter and an optical axis of the curved transflective mirror is α; an included angle between the normal of the image source and the reflecting plane of the polarization beam splitter is beta; the value range of alpha is between beta-10 degrees and beta +10 degrees, and the value range of alpha is more than or equal to 90 degrees and more than or equal to 0 degrees.
10. The AR display device of claim 9, wherein β is 0 ° to 90 °.
11. The AR display device according to claim 9, wherein β is 40 ° to 50 °.
12. The AR display device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein when the first direction polarized light and the second direction polarized light are rotated about the light propagation direction by 0 ° to 360 ° while satisfying the condition of being perpendicular to each other, the polarization splitting film and the wave plate assembly are changed in angle.
13. The AR display device of claim 12, wherein the wave plate assembly is a 1/4 wave plate.
14. The AR display device according to claim 13, wherein the 1/4 wave plate is disposed between the polarizing beam splitter and the curved transflective mirror.
15. The AR display device of claim 13, wherein the 1/4 wave plate is attached to an inner side of the curved transflective mirror.
16. The AR display device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the refractive index of the matching mirror is 1 to 2.7.
17. The AR display device of claim 16, wherein the matching lens is comprised of a liquid material, a liquid crystal, a semi-solid material, or a solid material.
18. The AR display device of claim 17, wherein when the matching mirror is a liquid, liquid crystal, or semi-solid material, the image projection device further comprises a sealing structure that seals the matching mirror between the image source and the lens.
19. The AR display device of claim 17, wherein the image source, the matching mirror and the lens are directly connected to each other when the matching mirror is a solid material.
20. The AR display device of claim 1, wherein the image source is an integrated light source image source or a single image source.
21. A wearable AR device comprising a clip and an AR display apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 20.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211190084.0A CN115657305A (en) | 2018-02-12 | 2018-02-12 | AR display device and wearable AR equipment |
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| CN202211190084.0A CN115657305A (en) | 2018-02-12 | 2018-02-12 | AR display device and wearable AR equipment |
| CN201810146912.8A CN110161686A (en) | 2018-02-12 | 2018-02-12 | AR display device and wearable AR equipment |
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| CN111965828A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-20 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Wearable device and image projection method |
| CN114994079B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-12-02 | 苏州高视半导体技术有限公司 | Optical assembly and optical system for wafer detection |
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| CN101042461A (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-26 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Compound lens |
| CN102540465A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-07-04 | 中航华东光电有限公司 | Optical system of helmet displayer |
| CN203277499U (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2013-11-06 | 杭州华普永明光电股份有限公司 | LED module group |
| CN205539729U (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-31 | 北京亮亮视野科技有限公司 | Miniature display system |
| CN107422480A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-01 | 深圳市汇龙天成科技有限公司 | A kind of semi-transparent semi-reflecting toroidal lens shows structure and display methods |
| CN206990935U (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-02-09 | 杭州太若科技有限公司 | For realizing the device of augmented reality |
| CN107589546A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-16 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Optical system and augmented reality glasses |
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