CN115656478B - An anti-seepage shear test device for simulating cyclic shearing of ice particles and its application method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-seepage shear test device and a use method for simulating cyclic shearing of ice particles, and relates to the technical field of debris flow simulation tests. The invention includes a high-speed camera, a digital video camera, a data acquisition instrument, a seismic acceleration acquisition instrument and a simulation test system. The simulation test system includes a driving motor and a rotating shearing disk connected to its output shaft. A central connecting body is fixed on the top of the rotating shearing disk. A central cylinder is installed on the central connecting body, a light material ring is fixed on the central cylinder, a weight layer is set on the light material ring through a guide rod, a transparent acrylic barrel is arranged on the supporting component, and a transparent acrylic barrel is installed on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic barrel. There are miniature pore pressure sensors and normal stress sensors. The invention solves the current problems of insufficient understanding of the drag reduction mechanism caused by ice-water phase transition of glacier-type debris flow, lack of monitoring and analysis of vibration signals during the shearing process, and failure to realize underwater shearing.

Description

An anti-seepage shear test device for simulating cyclic shearing of ice particles and its application method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mud-rock flow simulation tests, in particular to an anti-seepage shear test device and a use method for simulating cyclic shearing of ice particles.

Background technique

Glaciers are indicators of climate change and are important solid reservoirs of freshwater resources. Modern glaciers are found in almost all latitudes around the world. The glaciers on the earth cover about 29 million square kilometers, covering 11% of the continent. Under the influence of climate change, extreme events of temperature increase and rainfall occur frequently in high mountainous areas, which can easily lead to a chain of snow and ice disasters in high mountains, which involves the instability of moraine soil under the action of freeze-thaw cycles-landslide initiation-high-speed movement and large-scale surge-blocking rivers and forming dams- The full dynamic process of barrier lake-burst flood. This kind of alpine ice and snow disaster chain sensitive to climate response has the characteristics of suddenness, wide impact and serious harm, which seriously threatens the life safety of local residents and the security of infrastructure. When an icy debris flow/debris flow disaster occurs, it may wash away infrastructure such as roads and railways, block rivers and form barrier lakes, cause secondary disasters, and even bury entire villages, posing a serious threat to people's lives and property. .

Compared with field monitoring, indoor experiment is a method with controllable experimental conditions, which can systematically study the influence mechanism of ice content on landslide/debris flow/debris flow. The most feasible and most commonly used method is the “resistance” mechanism. Conventional debris flow indoor simulation experiments are usually limited to artificially simulating debris flow and monitoring its formation and movement process, and then measuring the basic data in the process of its formation, movement and development. Basic research on the mechanism of debris flow movement. Qin Shengwu et al. (patent application number: 201610177817.5) disclosed a simulation test system integrating the initiation, movement and accumulation of debris flow; Zhang Wen et al. (patent application number: 201510768066.X) disclosed a debris flow movement and The accumulation simulation experimental system can carry out experiments on the influence of various factors (such as slope, slurry viscosity, friction) on the debris flow movement and accumulation process; Wu Honggang et al. (patent application number: 201710235878.7) announced a debris flow simulation test device and The test method mainly solves the problem of discontinuity of debris flow existing in existing debris flow simulation devices; Tao Zhigang et al. (patent application number: 201510768066. The physical simulation of the whole process of debris flow with different slope angles and scoured fans.

However, there are multiple defects in the above-mentioned prior art. First, it is impossible to monitor and accurately control the ice content during the super-strong movement of high-speed and long-distance landslides/ice rock avalanche debris flow/glacial debris flow, and it is impossible to extract key mechanical parameters related to ice content during the disaster movement process. It is impossible to conduct an in-depth analysis of the dynamic mechanism of the large-scale debris flow caused by the reduction of frictional resistance caused by the melting of ice during the high-speed movement of the disaster body, which limits the impact on this extremely destructive ice-bearing landslide debris flow/glacial debris flow The cognition of natural disasters limits the forward modeling and scenario simulation of the whole process of the ice and snow mountain disaster chain in the alpine and valley areas, and limits the accurate prediction of ice and snow mountain disasters; second, it is impossible to monitor the key dynamic and environmental seismological parameters at the same time. Specifically, it includes the lack of monitoring and collection of vibration signals during high-speed movement; the lack of real-time monitoring and collection of ice content during landslide debris flow/debris flow; the lack of basic mechanical parameter measurement modules and synchronous earthquakes during debris flow movement. Therefore, it is impossible to effectively analyze the vibration characteristics of mechanical signals from the perspective of environmental seismology, which limits the means of understanding classical mechanical parameters, and thus cannot further improve the impact of ice content on the super-strong movement process of landslide debris flow/debris flow disasters. Awareness and understanding of kinetic mechanisms. Therefore, we provide an anti-seepage shear test device for simulating cyclic shearing of ice particles and a method of use to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of anti-seepage shearing test device and using method for simulating the cyclic shearing of ice particles, which can realize the ice particle shape, Real-time dynamic monitoring of size and (melting) volume can also realize the shearing of completely submerged underwater particle flow/debris flow, and record the difference between mechanical parameter signals during the shearing process and vibration signals at different shear rates, which solves the problem of incomparable It is better to use the mechanical parameters of debris flow/debris flow and the characteristics of environmental seismic signals to predict and warn the process of debris flow disasters.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The invention is an anti-seepage shearing test device for simulating cyclic shearing of ice particles, comprising a high-speed camera, a digital video camera, a data acquisition instrument, a support assembly, an seismic acceleration acquisition instrument installed on the support assembly, and a simulation test system;

The simulated test system includes a driving motor and a rotating shearing plate connected to its output shaft, the rotating shearing plate is in contact with the motor waterproof support body on the support assembly, and the top of the rotating shearing plate is connected and fixed with a central Connecting body, a central cylinder is installed on the central connecting body, and a light material ring is connected and fixed on the side of the central cylinder with the axis, and a weight layer is set on the light material ring through a guide rod. A transparent acrylic barrel is connected to the assembly through a sealant, and the rotating shear disc, the waterproof support body of the motor, the light material ring and the weight layer are all coaxially arranged inside the transparent acrylic barrel, A miniature pore pressure sensor and a normal stress sensor are installed on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic barrel;

The high-speed camera is used to capture the speed and trajectory of ice particles and solid particulate matter in real time during the shearing process; the digital camera is used to provide video image data during the shearing process as a reference for post-processing analysis; The data acquisition instrument is used to provide multi-channel data synchronous acquisition; the seismic acceleration acquisition instrument is used to provide the vibration signal of the annular shearing device, and real-time dynamic monitoring of the vibration signal difference caused by the melting of ice; the rotating shear disk The pores between the waterproof support body and the motor are anti-seepaged through an oil seal; the weight layer sets different top pressures by adjusting its thickness.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the multi-channel data synchronously collected by the data acquisition instrument includes normal stress and pore water pressure.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, two micro pore pressure sensors are arranged at the same position on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic barrel, and the sensing signals of the micro pore pressure sensors are dynamically collected in real time by a data acquisition instrument.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, two normal stress sensors are arranged at the same position on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic bucket, which are used for real-time dynamic measurement of the side wall pressure in the process of rotating shear, and the transmission of the normal stress sensor The sensing signal is collected dynamically in real time by the data acquisition instrument.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the support assembly includes a bottom support platform installed on a high-strength desktop, a middle support platform is fixed on the bottom support platform through a through screw connection, and the seismic acceleration acquisition instrument and the motor are waterproof The supporting body is installed on the top of the middle supporting platform, the drive motor is installed on the bottom of the middle supporting platform, and the through screw is covered with a top fixing platform connected by fixing screws, and the top fixing platform is used for the transparent acrylic barrel Top seal.

A method for using an anti-seepage shear test device for simulating cyclic shearing of ice particles, comprising the steps of:

S1. Turn on the high-speed camera, digital video camera, data acquisition instrument and seismic acceleration acquisition instrument and adjust them to the synchronous state, ready to start the test calibration;

S2. Perform static calibration and dynamic calibration on the miniature pore pressure sensor and the normal stress sensor respectively, including:

S21. Use the pressure generated by the static water head at different heights to statically calibrate the micro-pore pressure sensor, find the corresponding relationship between the pore water pressure and the voltage signal, and use the same calibration method to perform the static calibration of the normal stress sensor. The normal stress sensor and the micro-pore Mutual verification between pressure sensors;

S22. After the static calibration is completed, install the miniature pore pressure sensor, normal stress sensor and seismic sensor on the designated position of the water tank on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic barrel, and start dynamic calibration;

S3. Put the solid particles and ice particles for the test into the transparent acrylic bucket according to a certain proportion, adjust the thickness of the weight layer to the required pressure, fix the entire experimental device with the fixing screws, and tap the high-strength desktop with an experimental rubber hammer to observe The response of the mechanical sensor and the seismic sensor, when each sensor is tested, start the test;

S4. The acquisition system is turned on in advance and collects a piece of data to calibrate the initial value, then turn on the drive motor with adjustable speed, adjust the speed to the specified range, and use a rubber hammer to hit the high-strength desktop three times to start the test. When the ice in the transparent acrylic bucket After the particles are completely melted, the high-strength desktop is hit again with a rubber hammer three times to end the test.

After the experiment is completed, clean up the test residue in the transparent acrylic barrel, add butter for another oil seal, and re-glue the gap at the bottom of the transparent acrylic barrel to prevent seepage.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention simulates the annular anti-seepage shearing experiment device and method of cyclic shearing of ice particles, and the conception is reasonable. Considering the influence of the volume change of ice particles on the fluid properties during the shearing process, a new addition is specially made for ice particles. After the particles melt, the anti-seepage design of the device is installed, and the seismic sensor is installed to realize the real-time dynamic monitoring of the differential vibration signal during the shearing process, which can measure most of the dynamics, environmental seismology and imaging in the shearing process of the particle flow/debris flow parameters, which is conducive to multi-angle and multi-dimensional analysis of the mechanical mechanism in the process of super-strong debris flow disasters, deepens the understanding of disasters, and focuses on solving the current lack of thorough understanding of the drag reduction mechanism caused by ice-water phase transitions in ice-debris flows. The lack of monitoring and analysis of vibration signals during the shearing process, and the fact that underwater shearing cannot be realized.

, The present invention uses a high-speed camera to shoot continuous high-frequency image sequences during the shearing process, which can be used to analyze the particle velocity field in the depth direction during the shearing process and monitor ice particle shape/volume changes. The synchronous data acquisition system passes high-speed analog Acquisition, real-time continuous sampling, with multi-channel, can meet the synchronous acquisition of multiple micro-pore pressure sensors and normal stress sensor signals at the same time, and can also trigger high-speed cameras synchronously, so as to facilitate image signals and Data signals from other types of sensors are compared synchronously.

Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all the above-mentioned advantages at the same time.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an anti-seepage shear test device for simulating cyclic shearing of ice particles.

Fig. 2 is a waterproof design diagram in the anti-seepage shear test device of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings, the list of parts represented by each label is as follows:

1-high-speed camera, 2-digital video camera, 3-data acquisition instrument, 4-support assembly, 41-bottom support platform, 42-through screw, 43-middle support platform, 44-fixing screw, 45-top fixed platform, 5 -Seismic acceleration acquisition instrument, 6-drive motor, 7-rotary shear disk, 8-motor waterproof support body, 9-central connector, 10-central column, 11-light material ring, 12-weight layer, 13 -Transparent acrylic barrel, 14-miniature pore pressure sensor, 15-positive stress sensor, 16-high strength desktop.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment one

Please refer to Fig. 1-2, the present invention is a kind of anti-seepage shearing test device that simulates the cyclic shearing of ice particles, including a high-speed camera 1, a digital video camera 2, a data acquisition instrument 3, a support assembly 4 and a support assembly 4 Seismic acceleration acquisition instrument 5 and simulation test system;

The simulation test system includes a driving motor 6 and a rotating shear disk 7 connected to its output shaft. The rotating speed of the driving motor 6 is adjustable (0-200 r/min, 10 gears can be adjusted), and a fixed shear rate can be provided as the experimental Independent variable setting, the bottom of the rotating shear disc 7 (roughness can be set) is in contact with the motor waterproof support body 8 (plane bearing) on the support assembly 4, and the internal pores are filled with butter, which can be effectively oil-sealed to prevent internal liquid leakage , the top of the rotary shearing disc 7 is connected and fixed with a central connecting body 9, and a central cylinder 10 is installed on the central connecting body 9, which can ensure that the whole device is in the axial center position during rotary shearing to prevent eccentricity from causing large vibrations, and the central cylinder The light material ring 11 is fixed on the side of the 10th circle coaxially. The top light material layer used by the light material ring 11 is used to set the roughness to prevent the influence caused by the different top roughness during the shearing process. The light material ring 11 A weight layer 12 is set on the top through a guide rod, and the weight layer 12 is used to set different top pressures. The thickness of the upper part is adjustable, and different thicknesses correspond to different pressures. The support component 4 is connected with a transparent acrylic barrel 13 through a sealant. The shear disc 7, the motor waterproof support body 8, the light material ring 11 and the weight layer 12 are all coaxially arranged inside the transparent acrylic barrel 13, and a micro hole pressure sensor 14 and a normal stress sensor 15 are installed on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic barrel 13 ;

High-speed camera 1 is used to capture the speed and trajectory of ice particles and solid particles in real time during the shearing process (based on the network particle image velocimetry technology, Particle Image Velocimetry, PIV); digital camera 2 is used to provide Video image data, as a reference for post-processing analysis; data acquisition device 3 is used to provide multi-channel (maximum 24 channels) data synchronous acquisition, including normal stress and pore water pressure; seismic acceleration acquisition device 5 is used to provide annular shearing device Vibration signal, real-time dynamic monitoring of the vibration signal difference caused by ice melting; the hole between the rotating shear disc 7 and the motor waterproof support body 8 is anti-seepage through the oil seal; the weight layer 12 sets different top pressures by adjusting its thickness .

In this embodiment, two micro-pore pressure sensors 14 are arranged at the same position on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic barrel 13, and the sensing signals of the micro-pore pressure sensors 14 are collected dynamically in real time by the data acquisition instrument 3. The diameter of the micro-pore pressure sensor 14 Set to 5 mm.

In this embodiment, two normal stress sensors 15 are arranged at the same position on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic barrel 13, which are used for real-time dynamic measurement of the side wall pressure in the rotation shearing process, and the sensing signals of the normal stress sensors 15 are collected by the data The instrument 3 carries out real-time dynamic acquisition; the transparent acrylic material of the transparent acrylic bucket 13 is wear-resistant and smooth, which can ensure that the high-speed camera 1 and the digital camera 2 can smoothly capture the ice melting and the interaction process between particles during the shearing process.

In this embodiment, the support assembly 4 includes a bottom support platform 41 installed on the high-strength desktop 16. The bottom support platform 41 is connected and fixed with a middle support platform 43 through a through screw 42, and the middle support platform 43 can provide the seismic acceleration sensor 5. Installation and vibration monitoring platform, seismic acceleration acquisition instrument 5 and motor waterproof support body 8 are installed on the top of the middle support platform 43, and the driving motor 6 is installed on the bottom of the middle support platform 43, and the threaded rod 42 is sleeved with a fixed screw 44. The top fixed platform 45 is used for sealing the top of the transparent acrylic barrel 13 .

The annular anti-seepage shear test device for simulating the cyclic shearing of ice particles in the present invention focuses on solving the current simulation process of ice-containing debris flow/ice rock avalanche debris flow/glacial debris flow, which cannot monitor the size, shape, The technical barrier that the ice content cannot be monitored dynamically in real time solves the disadvantage that the traditional annular shear experiment cannot consider underwater shearing due to bottom leakage, and realizes the major expansion of shearing materials from traditional dry particles to underwater saturated materials. breakthrough. The device can measure the traditional dynamic parameters in the shearing process of landslide debris flow/(saturated) glacier debris flow, such as flow velocity distribution, pore water pressure, normal stress, shear stress and effective Simultaneous measurement of stress; at the same time, the seismic accelerometer 5 can effectively capture the vibration signal during the shearing movement of debris flow, and then analyze the vibration difference caused by the melting of ice particles, realizing the high-speed remote landslide-debris flow/debris flow super movement The synchronous monitoring of important dynamic basic parameters and environmental seismic signals in the process organically combines the two disciplines of modern environmental seismology and traditional debris flow dynamics, leading the traditional field of disasters to the field of modern environmental seismology, broadening the research perspective. Through the comparison and analysis of the two signals, it is expected to realize the early warning of ice-debris flow disasters, and also deepen the understanding of the dynamic mechanism of ice-water phase transition in the process of burst flood and mud-rock flow movement, and deepen the understanding of the whole life of the disaster chain of ice and snow mountain disasters. understanding of the whole process.

Embodiment two

The present invention is used for simulating the annular shearing process of icy debris flow/debris flow (underwater), and specifically includes the following steps:

(1) Experimental device layout

According to the sequence of accompanying drawing 1, install each component of the experimental device, use glass glue to carry out anti-seepage treatment to the gap around the transparent acrylic barrel 13, and prevent seepage between the motor waterproof support body 8 and the rotary shearing disk 7 in the accompanying drawing 2 Designed for oil seal anti-seepage. Prepare solid granular materials, ice granular materials, and clean water for backup, turn on the acquisition equipment, seismic signal monitoring equipment, and image acquisition equipment and adjust them to a synchronized state, ready to start the experimental calibration.

(2) Calibrate the sensor

Before carrying out the experiment, the static and dynamic calibration of each sensor should be carried out first. In the static calibration, the pressure generated by static water heads at different heights is used to calibrate the micro-pore pressure sensor 14 to find the corresponding relationship between pore water pressure and voltage signals; at the same time, the water heads at different heights can calibrate the normal stress sensor 15, the normal stress sensor 15 and the micro pore pressure sensor 14 for mutual verification; the micro pore pressure sensor 14 needs a vacuum pump to first evacuate the air inside the permeable stone, and then soak it into the water quickly, so that the water is sucked back into the permeable stone to make it saturated, and the water permeable has been eliminated The purpose of the air in the stone. After repeating this operation dozens of times, the calibration of the micro-hole pressure sensor 14 in the normal process can be started, which will not be described again as described above. After the static calibration is completed, install all the sensors in the specified position of the tank, including the seismic sensors that have not been calibrated (only dynamic calibration), and perform dynamic calibration. The so-called dynamic calibration is to use a fixed shear rate (fixed rotational speed) for cyclic shearing of granular materials, turn on all the acquisition and monitoring equipment, and convert the actual normal stress and pore water pressure through the results of static calibration, which can be mutually verified Estimate error. The vibration signal collected by the geoacoustic equipment can be used as a basic environmental noise signal to compare and analyze the vibration signal of debris flow.

(3) Experiment preparation

Put the solid particles and ice particles used in the experiment into the transparent acrylic barrel 13 according to a certain ratio, adjust the thickness of the weight layer 12 to the required pressure, and fix the whole experimental device by the fixing screw 44 . Hit the desktop with an experimental rubber hammer to observe the response of the mechanical sensor and the seismic sensor. After all the sensors are tested, the experiment can begin.

(4) Experimental process

At the beginning of the experiment, the acquisition system is turned on in advance and collects a piece of data to calibrate the initial value; then the drive motor 6 with adjustable speed is turned on, the speed is adjusted to the specified range, and the high-strength desktop 16 is hit with a rubber hammer three times, marking the official start of the experiment . Subsequently, the experiment operator stood still in place to prevent additional vibration signal interference; waited for the ice particles in the transparent acrylic bucket 13 used as a shear bucket to completely melt, and then the experimenter hit the high-strength desktop 16 three times with a rubber hammer, and the sign At the end of the experiment, the three sets of acquisition equipment were turned off.

(5) Experiment cleaning

After the experiment is completed, the experimental materials accumulated inside the barrel need to be cleaned up. After the equipment stops, remove the fixing screw 44 on the top, lift the top fixing platform 45, and clean up the experimental residue in the transparent acrylic barrel 13; Add butter to the gaps in the design for another oil seal, and glue the gaps at the bottom of the transparent acrylic barrel 13 again for anti-seepage reinforcement; after the experimental equipment is dried, the next set of experiments can be carried out.

In the description of this specification, descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example" and the like mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are only to help illustrate the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive in all detail, nor are the inventions limited to specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made based on the contents of this specification. This description selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The invention is to be limited only by the claims, along with their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. An anti-seepage shearing test device simulating the cyclic shearing of ice particles is characterized in that: it comprises a high-speed camera, a digital video camera, a data acquisition instrument, a support assembly and a seismic acceleration acquisition instrument installed on the support assembly and an analog test system; The simulated test system includes a driving motor and a rotating shearing plate connected to its output shaft, the rotating shearing plate is in contact with the motor waterproof support body on the support assembly, and the top of the rotating shearing plate is connected and fixed with a central Connecting body, a central cylinder is installed on the central connecting body, and a light material ring is connected and fixed on the side of the central cylinder with the axis, and a weight layer is set on the light material ring through a guide rod. A transparent acrylic barrel is connected to the assembly through a sealant, and the rotating shear disc, the waterproof support body of the motor, the light material ring and the weight layer are all coaxially arranged inside the transparent acrylic barrel, A miniature pore pressure sensor, a normal stress sensor and an earthquake sensor are installed on the specified position of the water tank on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic barrel, and the response of the micro pore pressure sensor, the normal stress sensor and the earthquake sensor is observed by tapping the desktop with an experimental rubber hammer; The high-speed camera is used to capture the speed and trajectory of ice particles and solid particulate matter in real time during the shearing process; the digital camera is used to provide video image data during the shearing process as a reference for post-processing analysis; The data acquisition instrument is used to provide multi-channel data synchronous acquisition; the seismic acceleration acquisition instrument is used to provide the vibration signal of the annular shearing device, and real-time dynamic monitoring of the vibration signal difference caused by the melting of ice; the rotating shear disk The pores between the waterproof support body and the motor are anti-seepaged through an oil seal; the weight layer sets different top pressures by adjusting its thickness. 2 . The anti-seepage shear test device for simulating cyclic shearing of ice particles according to claim 1 , wherein the multi-channel data collected synchronously by the data acquisition instrument includes normal stress and pore water pressure. 3 . 3. A kind of anti-seepage shearing test device simulating the cyclic shearing of ice particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, two miniature pore pressure sensors are arranged at the same position on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic barrel, and the The sensing signal of the miniature pore pressure sensor is collected dynamically in real time by the data acquisition instrument. 4. A kind of anti-seepage shearing test device simulating the cyclic shearing of ice particles according to claim 1, characterized in that, two normal stress sensors are arranged at the same position on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic barrel, which are used for Real-time dynamic measurement of the side wall pressure during the rotational shearing process, the sensing signal of the normal stress sensor is dynamically collected in real time by the data acquisition instrument. 5. A kind of anti-seepage shear test device simulating ice particle cyclic shearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, the support assembly includes a bottom support platform installed on a high-strength desktop, and the bottom support platform The middle support platform is connected and fixed through the through screw, the seismic acceleration acquisition instrument and the motor waterproof support body are installed on the top of the middle support platform, the driving motor is installed at the bottom of the middle support platform, and the through screw is sleeved with The top fixing platform connected by fixing screws is used for sealing the top of the transparent acrylic bucket. 6. A method for using an anti-seepage shear test device simulating cyclic shearing of ice particles, comprising the steps of: S1. Turn on the high-speed camera, digital video camera, data acquisition instrument and seismic acceleration acquisition instrument and adjust them to the synchronous state, ready to start the test calibration; S2. Perform static calibration and dynamic calibration on the miniature pore pressure sensor and the normal stress sensor respectively, including: S21. Use the pressure generated by the static water head at different heights to statically calibrate the micro-pore pressure sensor, find the corresponding relationship between the pore water pressure and the voltage signal, and use the same calibration method to perform the static calibration of the normal stress sensor. The normal stress sensor and the micro-pore Mutual verification between pressure sensors; S22. After the static calibration is completed, install the miniature pore pressure sensor, normal stress sensor and seismic sensor on the designated position of the water tank on the inner wall of the transparent acrylic barrel, and start dynamic calibration; S3. Mix solid particles and ice particles for the test into a transparent acrylic bucket, adjust the thickness of the weight layer to the required pressure, fix the entire experimental device with fixing screws, and use an experimental rubber hammer to hit the high-strength desktop to observe the micro-holes The response of the pressure sensor, normal stress sensor and seismic sensor, and start the test after the test of each sensor is completed; S4. The acquisition system is turned on in advance and collects a piece of data to calibrate the initial value, then turn on the drive motor with adjustable speed, adjust the speed to the specified range, and use a rubber hammer to hit the high-strength desktop three times to start the test. When the ice in the transparent acrylic bucket After the particles are completely melted, the high-strength desktop is hit again with a rubber hammer three times to end the test. 7. The method for using an anti-seepage shear test device simulating cyclic shearing of ice particles according to claim 6, further comprising step S5: After the experiment is completed, clean up the test residue in the transparent acrylic barrel, add butter for another oil seal, and re-glue the gap at the bottom of the transparent acrylic barrel to prevent seepage.

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