CN115655871A - Test fixture and method for rigidity of worm gear of automobile electric steering column - Google Patents
Test fixture and method for rigidity of worm gear of automobile electric steering column Download PDFInfo
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- CN115655871A CN115655871A CN202211307303.9A CN202211307303A CN115655871A CN 115655871 A CN115655871 A CN 115655871A CN 202211307303 A CN202211307303 A CN 202211307303A CN 115655871 A CN115655871 A CN 115655871A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of steering systems, in particular to a fixture and a method for testing rigidity of a worm gear of an electric steering column of an automobile. A test fixture and a method for rigidity of a worm gear and a worm of an automobile electric steering column are characterized in that: a steering column fixing seat is arranged on the sliding platform, and a clamp main frame is arranged on a clamp main seat on the rear side of the sliding platform; the front part of the main clamp frame is connected with a test clamp seat, the front part of the test clamp seat is connected with the rear end of a mandril base through a vertical guide rail, the front end of the mandril base is connected with a test mandril, a displacement sensor is arranged above the test mandril, and the displacement sensor is connected with a sliding platform through a displacement sensor bracket; the upper end of the ejector rod base is connected with one end of a pulling pressure sensor, the other end of the pulling pressure sensor is connected with one end of a force application rod, and the other end of the force application rod penetrates through the speed reducing mechanism. Compared with the prior art, the initial positions of the tension and pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are adjusted by replacing the steering column fixing seat, testing the ejector rod.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steering systems, in particular to a fixture and a method for testing rigidity of a worm gear of an electric steering column of an automobile.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, an electric power steering column is widely used in passenger cars, and a servo unit is an important component thereof. The worm gear mechanism is assembled in the servo shell and plays a role in reducing speed and increasing torque for the power-assisted motor. The two ends of the worm are respectively fixed on the servo shell, and the meshing quality of the worm and the worm gear directly influences the performance of the servo unit and even the performance of the electric steering column. Too tight a worm gear mesh will result in too much friction torque and too loose a mesh will create noise problems.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in order to solve the problem of meshing quality of the worm gear and the worm, a bushing type worm pressing mechanism is provided, wherein a bushing is additionally arranged at one end of the worm, and the bushing has certain elasticity and can press the worm gear to a certain extent; the plug expansion screw type worm pressing mechanism is characterized in that the plug expansion screw type worm pressing mechanism presses the bushing by using the plug and the expansion screw except for the worm bushing, so that the bushing more effectively presses the worm; the spring bushing pin type worm pressing mechanism is characterized in that a sheet spring is additionally arranged on a worm bushing, and meanwhile, the bushing is pressed by a pin, so that the bushing accurately and effectively presses the worm.
For example: the spring bush pin type worm pressing mechanism is a novel pressing mechanism, a sheet spring is arranged on a spring bush and clamped on a shell, and a worm is pressed on a turbine by the deformation force of the sheet spring. The pin presses against the spring bushing by interference fit with the housing. The technical parameters of the pin assembled to the servo shell directly influence the meshing quality of the worm gear and worm, the deformation of the sheet spring is larger when the pin is pressed too deeply, the force of the worm pressing the worm gear is larger, the friction torque of the worm gear and worm is overlarge, the deformation of the sheet spring is smaller when the pin is pressed too shallowly, and the force of the worm pressing the worm gear is smaller, so that the problem of noise caused by too loose meshing is caused. An indirect judgment standard is needed for obtaining a proper pin press-fitting position so as to obtain an ideal deformation of the sheet spring and finally ensure the meshing quality of the worm gear. The rigidity of the worm gear is an important standard for judging the meshing quality of the worm gear, and the optimal pin press fitting process parameters can be obtained through the rigidity test of the worm gear.
During the rigidity test of the worm gear, one end of the worm is fixed on the servo shell, the other end of the worm is respectively applied with tensile force and pressure perpendicular to the axis of the worm, the displacement of the worm at the end is measured at the same time, a force-displacement curve (shown in figure 5) is obtained, and the meshing condition of the worm gear and the worm can be analyzed according to the shape and the slope of the curve. In order to realize the rigidity test of the worm gear and the worm of the electric steering column, analysis and research are respectively carried out on the aspects of the fixing mode of the steering column, the force application mode of the worm, the arrangement mode of the force sensor and the displacement sensor and the precision of the test sensor, and special test equipment is generally needed to meet the requirements. In order to efficiently and conveniently realize the rigidity test of the worm wheel and the worm of the electric steering columns of different models, the special equipment has long manufacturing period and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fixture and a method for testing rigidity of a worm gear and a worm of an electric steering column of an automobile, aiming at overcoming the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the worm and gear rigidity test fixture and the method for the automobile electric steering column are designed, and the fixture comprises a fixture main seat, a tension and pressure sensor, a displacement sensor and a speed reducing mechanism, and is characterized in that: the front part of the main clamp seat is connected with a sliding platform through a horizontal guide rail, a steering column fixing seat is arranged on the sliding platform, and a main clamp frame is arranged on the main clamp seat positioned on the rear side of the sliding platform; the front part of the main clamp frame is connected with a test clamp seat, the front part of the test clamp seat is connected with the rear end of a mandril base through a vertical guide rail, the front end of the mandril base is connected with a test mandril, a displacement sensor is arranged above the test mandril, and the displacement sensor is connected with a sliding platform through a displacement sensor bracket; the upper end of the ejector rod base is connected with one end of a tension and pressure sensor, the other end of the tension and pressure sensor is connected with one end of a force application rod, the other end of the force application rod penetrates through a speed reduction mechanism, and the speed reduction mechanism is connected with the clamp main frame; a handle is arranged on one side of the clamp main frame;
the test method of the test fixture comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting a steering column to be tested on a steering column fixing seat;
s2, mounting the steering column fixing seat on the sliding platform;
s3, connecting the sliding platform with the clamp main base through a horizontal guide rail, and locking the position through a locking wrench;
s4, during testing, the head of the testing ejector rod is matched with the worm of the steering column to be tested;
and S5, controlling a handle, driving the force application rod and the pull pressure sensor to move up and down at a low speed through the speed reduction mechanism, further driving the ejector rod base and the test ejector rod to move up and down at a low speed, and acquiring motion data by the displacement sensor and the pull pressure sensor and generating a displacement curve through software.
The steering column fixing seat comprises a rectangular panel, a bushing pin installation module and a shear block installation module, wherein the left side of the rectangular panel is connected with the bushing pin installation module, and the rear side of the rectangular panel is connected with the shear block installation module; the bushing pin installation module and the shearing block installation module are of a U-shaped module structure; the bottom of the rectangular panel is provided with a plurality of waist-shaped bulges.
The middle part of the sliding platform is provided with a waist-shaped hole.
One end of the displacement sensor support is connected with the displacement sensor, and the other end of the displacement sensor support is connected with the sliding platform through the magnetic suction base.
And a locking wrench is arranged on the sliding platform on one side of the steering column fixing seat.
And a first limiting block is arranged on the test fixture seat positioned at the bottom of the vertical guide rail.
The horizontal guide rail be located the left and right sides position on the anchor clamps main tributary seat respectively to the front end that is located horizontal guide rail is equipped with the second stopper.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the fixture and the method for testing the rigidity of the worm gear and the worm of the electric steering column of the automobile.
The rigidity test of the worm and gear of steering columns of different models is realized, and the universality is strong. The test method is convenient and fast, the test precision is high, the product is convenient to mount and dismount, and the test efficiency is effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a worm gear mechanism of an electric power steering column.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bushing type worm pressing mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a plug expansion pin worm hold down mechanism.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a spring bush pin type worm pressing mechanism.
FIG. 5 is a force-displacement curve of a turbine worm during a stiffness test.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the test fixture of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the testing method of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph of turbine worm stiffness without the motor unit, without the pin.
FIG. 9 is a graph of stiffness of a worm gear with a motor unit without a pin.
FIG. 10 is a graph of turbine worm stiffness without a motor unit with a pin.
FIG. 11 is a graph of worm gear stiffness with a motor unit with a pin.
FIG. 12 is a graph of turbine worm stiffness without a motor unit with the turbine running in and the pin.
FIG. 13 is a graph of worm gear stiffness with the motor unit with the worm gear running in and the pin.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the present invention in a test installation.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing a fixing manner of the steering column.
FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing a structure of a steering column fixing base.
Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the sliding platform.
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the test ram engaging a worm screw.
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the test lift pins and the lift pin base.
Fig. 20 is a schematic view of the displacement sensor and the pull/press sensor being fixed.
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the steering column mounted on the clamp.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 6 to 21, the front part of the main clamp seat 19 is connected to the sliding platform 17 through the horizontal guide rail 16, the steering column fixing seat 13 is arranged on the sliding platform 17, and the main clamp seat 19 located at the rear side of the sliding platform 17 is provided with the main clamp frame 2; the front part of the clamp main frame 2 is connected with a test clamp seat 6, the front part of the test clamp seat 6 is connected with the rear end of a mandril base 9 through a vertical guide rail 8, the front end of the mandril base 9 is connected with a test mandril 10, a displacement sensor 7 is arranged above the test mandril 10, and the displacement sensor 7 is connected with a sliding platform 17 through a displacement sensor bracket 12; the upper end of the ejector rod base 9 is connected with one end of a tension and pressure sensor 5, the other end of the tension and pressure sensor 5 is connected with one end of an application rod 3, the other end of the application rod 3 penetrates through a speed reducing mechanism 4, and the speed reducing mechanism 4 is connected with the clamp main frame 2; a handle 1 is arranged on one side of the clamp main frame 2;
the test method of the test fixture comprises the following steps:
s1, a steering column to be tested is installed on a steering column fixing seat 13;
s2, mounting the steering column fixing seat 13 on the sliding platform 17;
s3, connecting the sliding platform 17 with the clamp main seat 19 through the horizontal guide rail 16, and locking the position through the locking wrench 15;
s4, during testing, the head of the testing ejector rod 10 is matched with a worm of the steering column to be tested;
and S5, controlling the handle 1, driving the force application rod 3 and the pull pressure sensor 5 to move up and down at a low speed through the speed reduction mechanism 4, further driving the ejector rod base 9 and the test ejector rod 10 to move up and down at a low speed, and acquiring motion data by the displacement sensor 7 and the pull pressure sensor 5 and generating a displacement curve through software.
The steering column fixing seat 13 comprises a rectangular panel, a bushing pin installation module and a shear block installation module, wherein the left side of the rectangular panel 13-1 is connected with the bushing pin installation module 13-2, and the rear side of the rectangular panel 13-1 is connected with the shear block installation module 13-3; the bushing pin installation module 13-2 and the shear block installation module 13-3 are in a U-shaped module structure; a plurality of waist-shaped bulges 13-4 are arranged at the bottom of the rectangular panel 13-1.
The middle part of the sliding platform 17 is provided with a waist-shaped hole 17-1.
One end of the displacement sensor support 12 is connected with the displacement sensor 7, and the other end of the displacement sensor support 12 is connected with the sliding platform 17 through the magnetic suction base 14.
And a locking wrench 15 is arranged on the sliding platform 17 positioned on one side of the steering column fixing seat 13.
The test fixture seat 6 positioned at the bottom of the vertical guide rail 8 is provided with a first limiting block 11.
The horizontal guide rail 16 is respectively located at the left and right sides of the main fixture base 19, and a second stopper 18 is arranged at the front end of the horizontal guide rail 16.
In order to obtain accurate and effective worm rigidity test results, rigidity tests are carried out under 6 different test conditions. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, when the pin is not pressed, the rigidity of the worm gear in the state of having or not having the motor unit is respectively tested, and the following results can be obtained: when no pin is available, the worm is in a free state; when an upward constant force is applied, the worm continuously moves upwards; to achieve the same worm displacement, a greater upward pull is required with the motor unit than without it. As shown in fig. 10 and 11, after the pins are pressed, the rigidity of the worm gear in the state of having or not having the motor unit is respectively tested and obtained: when force is applied to the worm upwards and downwards, the displacement of the worm changes linearly, the symmetry is good, and the influence of the existence of the motor unit on the rigidity curve is small. After the worm wheel is engaged and the pin is pressed, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the rigidity of the worm wheel and the worm can be obtained by testing the states of the worm wheel and the worm wheel respectively in the state without the motor unit: when force is applied to the worm upwards and downwards, the displacement of the worm changes linearly, the symmetry is good, compared with a turbine without running-in, the curve is tightened, and the influence of the existence of the motor unit on the rigidity curve is small.
In summary, when the worm gear rigidity test is carried out, the running-in of the worm gear is firstly carried out, then the servo shell presses the pin and the motor unit is installed.
The rigidity testing device can meet the rigidity testing requirement of the turbine and the worm of the automobile electric steering column, is high in testing precision, convenient to operate and strong in universality, and improves the rigidity testing efficiency of the turbine and worm mechanism.
As shown in fig. 14, when the rigidity of the worm gear and worm is tested, a steering column is required to be installed on the fixture, the steering column fixing seat 13 simulates the installation point position of the whole vehicle, two steering column installation points are arranged, and the steering column fixing seat can be accurately matched with a shear block and a bush of the steering column, so that the fixing mode is high in positioning accuracy and good in positioning consistency. Different steering column fixing seats are switched, so that rigidity tests of the worm and worm gears of steering columns of different models can be realized.
As shown in fig. 21, the steering column fixing seat 13 is installed on the sliding platform 17, the sliding platform 17 is provided with a waist-shaped hole 17-1, the steering column fixing seat 13 is provided with a waist-shaped protrusion 13-4, and the waist-shaped protrusion 13-4 can be finely adjusted in position on the sliding platform 17, so that the assembling size deviation of the steering column can be compensated. The matching mode of the steering column fixing seat 13 and the sliding platform 17 is standardized, and the universality is good.
As shown in fig. 17, the sliding platform 17 is connected to the main holder 19 via the horizontal rail 16, and the sliding platform 17 can slide on the main holder 19 along the horizontal rail 16 and can be locked at any position by the locking wrench 15.
As shown in fig. 18, the head of the test ejector rod 10 is provided with an ejector pin capable of tightly matching with the worm, and is connected with a displacement sensor 7 and a pull pressure sensor 5, and the worm can be driven to move up and down by applying a pull pressure to the test ejector rod 10. When the sliding platform 17 is pulled out, the testing ejector rod 10 is separated from the worm, and when the sliding platform 17 is pushed in, the testing ejector rod 10 is matched with the worm.
As shown in fig. 19, the test ejector rod 10 is fixed on the ejector rod base 9 through a tightening screw, and the corresponding test ejector rod can be conveniently replaced for different worms, so that the universality is good. The first limiting block 11 is arranged on the test fixture seat 6, the sensor can be prevented from being damaged due to exceeding of the displacement stroke, and the ejector rod base 9 can slide up and down along the vertical guide rail 8 on the test fixture seat 6.
As shown in fig. 20, one end of the tension and pressure sensor 5 is fixed on the force application rod 3, and the other end is fixed on the top rod base 9, so that the rigidity test of the worm and gear with different test ranges and test precision can be realized by replacing the tension and pressure sensors with different ranges. The displacement sensor 7 is fixed on the sensor bracket 12 and can finely adjust the position of the sensor up and down, and the probe of the displacement sensor is propped against the test ejector rod 10 to obtain the up-and-down displacement data of the ejector rod. The sensor support 12 is fixed on the main fixture through the magnetic base 14, and the adjustability is strong.
As shown in fig. 14, the operating handle 1 is controlled to drive the force application rod 3 and the pull pressure sensor 5 to move up and down at a slow speed through the speed reduction mechanism 4, so as to drive the ejector rod base 9 and the test ejector rod 10 to move up and down, and the probe of the displacement sensor 7 is also stretched and contracted, at this time, the displacement and pull pressure data of the sensor are collected, and a force-displacement curve is generated.
According to the type of the steering column, selecting a steering column fixing seat, installing the steering column fixing seat on the sliding platform, selecting a proper test ejector rod, and installing the test ejector rod on the ejector rod base. And adjusting the pull pressure sensor and the displacement sensor to proper initial positions.
By replacing the steering column fixing seat, testing the ejector rod and adjusting the initial positions of the tension pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, the invention can be suitable for different types of products, improves the universality of the invention and reduces the rigidity testing cost of the worm gear of the product.
Through changing the steering column fixing base, testing the ejector rod and adjusting the initial positions of the tension pressure sensor and the displacement sensor, the rigidity test of the worm gears and the worms of the steering columns of different models can be realized, and the universality is strong.
The test method is convenient and fast, the test precision is high, the product is convenient to mount and dismount, and the test efficiency is effectively improved.
Claims (7)
1. A worm gear rigidity test fixture and method for an automobile electric steering column comprise a fixture main seat, a pull pressure sensor, a displacement sensor and a speed reducing mechanism, and are characterized in that: the front part of the clamp main seat (19) is connected with a sliding platform (17) through a horizontal guide rail (16), a steering column fixing seat (13) is arranged on the sliding platform (17), and a clamp main frame (2) is arranged on the clamp main seat (19) positioned at the rear side of the sliding platform (17); the front part of the clamp main frame (2) is connected with a test clamp seat (6), the front part of the test clamp seat (6) is connected with the rear end of a mandril base (9) through a vertical guide rail (8), the front end of the mandril base (9) is connected with a test mandril (10), a displacement sensor (7) is arranged above the test mandril (10), and the displacement sensor (7) is connected with a sliding platform (17) through a displacement sensor bracket (12); the upper end of the ejector rod base (9) is connected with one end of a tension and pressure sensor (5), the other end of the tension and pressure sensor (5) is connected with one end of a force application rod (3), the other end of the force application rod (3) penetrates through a speed reduction mechanism (4), and the speed reduction mechanism (4) is connected with the clamp main frame (2); a handle (1) is arranged on one side of the clamp main frame (2);
the test method of the test fixture comprises the following steps:
s1, a steering column to be tested is installed on a steering column fixing seat (13);
s2, mounting the steering column fixing seat (13) on the sliding platform (17);
s3, connecting the sliding platform (17) with a clamp main seat (19) through a horizontal guide rail (16), and locking the position through a locking wrench (15);
s4, during testing, the head of the testing ejector rod (10) is matched with the worm of the steering column to be tested;
and S5, the control handle (1) drives the force application rod (3) and the pull pressure sensor (5) to move up and down at a low speed through the speed reduction mechanism (4), further drives the ejector rod base (9) and the test ejector rod (10) to move up and down at a low speed, and the displacement sensor (7) and the pull pressure sensor (5) collect motion data and generate a displacement curve through software.
2. The clamp and the method for testing the rigidity of the worm gear and the worm of the automobile electric steering column according to the claim 1 are characterized in that: the steering column fixing seat (13) comprises a rectangular panel, a bushing pin installation module and a shear block installation module, wherein the left side of the rectangular panel (13-1) is connected with the bushing pin installation module (13-2), and the rear side of the rectangular panel (13-1) is connected with the shear block installation module (13-3); the bushing pin installation module (13-2) and the shear block installation module (13-3) are in a U-shaped module structure; a plurality of waist-shaped bulges (13-4) are arranged at the bottom of the rectangular panel (13-1).
3. The clamp and the method for testing the rigidity of the worm gear and the worm of the automobile electric steering column according to claim 1 are characterized in that: a waist-shaped hole (17-1) is arranged in the middle of the sliding platform (17).
4. The clamp and the method for testing the rigidity of the worm gear and the worm of the automobile electric steering column according to claim 1 are characterized in that: one end of the displacement sensor support (12) is connected with the displacement sensor (7), and the other end of the displacement sensor support (12) is connected with the sliding platform (17) through the magnetic suction base (14).
5. The clamp and the method for testing the rigidity of the worm gear and the worm of the automobile electric steering column according to claim 1 are characterized in that: a locking wrench (15) is arranged on the sliding platform (17) which is positioned on one side of the steering column fixing seat (13).
6. The clamp and the method for testing the rigidity of the worm gear and the worm of the automobile electric steering column according to the claim 1 are characterized in that: a first limiting block (11) is arranged on the test fixture seat (6) positioned at the bottom of the vertical guide rail (8).
7. The clamp and the method for testing the rigidity of the worm gear and the worm of the automobile electric steering column according to the claim 1 are characterized in that: the horizontal guide rail (16) is respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the clamp main seat (19), and a second limiting block (18) is arranged at the front end of the horizontal guide rail (16).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211307303.9A CN115655871A (en) | 2022-10-25 | 2022-10-25 | Test fixture and method for rigidity of worm gear of automobile electric steering column |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211307303.9A CN115655871A (en) | 2022-10-25 | 2022-10-25 | Test fixture and method for rigidity of worm gear of automobile electric steering column |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115655871A true CN115655871A (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211307303.9A Pending CN115655871A (en) | 2022-10-25 | 2022-10-25 | Test fixture and method for rigidity of worm gear of automobile electric steering column |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117450255A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-01-26 | 沈阳仪表科学研究院有限公司 | Testing device and testing method for double-sided horizontal pressurized sealing |
-
2022
- 2022-10-25 CN CN202211307303.9A patent/CN115655871A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117450255A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-01-26 | 沈阳仪表科学研究院有限公司 | Testing device and testing method for double-sided horizontal pressurized sealing |
| CN117450255B (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-15 | 沈阳仪表科学研究院有限公司 | Testing device and testing method for double-sided horizontal pressurized sealing |
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