CN115652282A - Composite CVD graphite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Composite CVD graphite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN115652282A
CN115652282A CN202211433398.9A CN202211433398A CN115652282A CN 115652282 A CN115652282 A CN 115652282A CN 202211433398 A CN202211433398 A CN 202211433398A CN 115652282 A CN115652282 A CN 115652282A
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graphite
composite
graphite material
furnace
preform
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CN115652282B (en
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孙逊
李纯勇
杨凌
翟鑫飞
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Hunan Carbon Material Technology Co ltd
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Hunan Carbon Peak Material Technology Co ltd
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention discloses a composite CVD graphite material and a preparation method and application thereof, which are used for surface reinforcement of preforms such as boats, crucibles, furnace tubes and the like used in a high-temperature furnace and endow products with high-temperature oxidation resistance, anti-sticking performance and the like. The method comprises the following steps: purging the graphite preform with inert gas and removing dust; then graphitizing, putting into a chemical vapor deposition furnace, and vacuumizing the furnace until the pressure of a deposition chamber is 50-1000 Pa; and depositing pyrolytic carbon on the surface of the preform by a chemical vapor deposition method to obtain the product of the composite CVD graphite material. In a CVD furnace, natural gas or propylene is used as a carbon source in high-temperature vacuum, pyrolytic carbon is obtained after carbon atoms are stripped and is deposited on a graphite preform in an atomized form, and the high-temperature oxidation-resistant anti-sticking composite material with a uniform structure is formed.

Description

Composite CVD graphite material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention discloses a composite CVD graphite material and a preparation method and application thereof, which are used for surface reinforcement of prefabricated bodies such as boats, crucibles, furnace tubes and the like used in a high-temperature furnace and endow products with high-temperature oxidation resistance, anti-sticking performance and the like.
Background
In the production of cemented carbide, tungsten carbide is the most predominant component of cemented carbide, being the compound formed by the process of tungsten carbide. The industrial production method of the tungsten carbide comprises the following steps: mixing tungsten powder and carbon powder, and heating the mixture to a certain temperature in a graphite tubular furnace or an induction furnace to perform chemical combination reaction; and crushing and dispersing the blocky tungsten carbide powder blank obtained by the reaction to obtain tungsten carbide powder, then sieving the tungsten carbide powder by using a rotary vibrating sieve, separating uncrushed and dispersed tungsten carbide powder agglomerated particles and coarse particles, and packaging the tungsten carbide powder after sieving and separating to obtain a tungsten carbide powder product. The carbon content has an important influence on the magnetic saturation and metallographic structure defects of the hard alloy, so that the detection of total carbon and free carbon in the tungsten carbide is an important quality control point. Free carbon is the residual carbon that is not combined, and total carbon is the total amount of combined carbon and free carbon. In the tungsten carbonization stage, under a certain carbon proportion, the more complete the carbonization is, the higher the combined carbon content is, and the less the free carbon content is.
The graphite material has good high temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance, and the boat used for loading tungsten powder and carbon powder to carry out carbonization reaction in the carbonization furnace is made of the graphite material. Because the carbonization temperature is 1400-2800 ℃, the graphite boat works at a high temperature for a long time, and the boat is in direct contact with materials, graphite particles on the graphite boat are bonded to the surface of a product, so that problems of boat adhesion, carburization and the like are caused; the carbon dropped from the graphite boat participates in the carbonization reaction of the tungsten powder, which also causes the carbon content of the tungsten carbide powder to exceed the standard, and is not beneficial to controlling the product quality.
In order to reduce the problems of oxidation, decarburization and the like of the surface layer of the graphite boat in the carbonization process, the patent application number 201320765035.5 discloses that a piece of disposable carbon paper is laid on the graphite boat, the method prevents the materials from directly contacting with the graphite boat, but graphite ions still adhere to the surface of a product to cause the surface of the product to be dirty, and operators are required to scrape off carbon paper ash and the dirty part of the surface of the product during discharging, so that the waste of the materials is caused, the operation efficiency is reduced, and the production cost is increased; if the scraping is not thorough, graphite particles are mixed into the product, so that the product quality is influenced; and the application number is 202020143799.0, and a special fan-shaped die for a boat pressing machine is provided, wherein a formed W + C material block is compacted tightly, the side wall of a cylinder of the material block is not in contact with a graphite boat, and the formation of graphite particles in the carbonization process can be reduced. However, the bottom of the material block still contacts with the graphite boat, and the method can not completely avoid the problems of oxidation and decarburization of the graphite boat and unfavorable control of the quality of tungsten carbide.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of oxidation, decarburization, material adhesion and the like of a graphite boat or a graphite furnace tube and the like in a high-temperature industrial environment, the invention provides a composite CVD graphite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a composite CVD graphite material comprises the following steps:
s1, blowing inert gas for the graphite preform to blow the surface of the preform to remove dust on the surface; soaking the graphite preform in an organic matter solution, draining, and putting into a high-temperature kiln at 300-1500 ℃ for graphitizing the organic matter; the generated graphite fills the pore diameter of the capillary tube inside, and inert gas is adopted for protection in the graphitization process of the kiln;
s2, placing the prefabricated body graphitized in the step S1 into a chemical vapor deposition furnace, and vacuumizing the furnace until the pressure of a deposition chamber is 50-1000 Pa;
and S3, depositing pyrolytic carbon on the surface of the preform by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method to obtain the product of the composite CVD graphite material.
Among them, the chemical vapor deposition technique is a process for generating a chemical reaction, a transport reaction, etc. on a solid by using a gaseous substance and generating a solid deposit, and has been widely used for purifying substances, developing new crystals, and depositing various single-crystal, polycrystalline, or glassy inorganic thin film materials. However, no report on surface modification and strengthening of graphite preforms by chemical vapor deposition pyrolytic carbon is available at present.
The chemical vapor deposition method uses methane and propylene gases as carbon sources, and the deposition temperature is 600-1500 ℃; the deposition time is 70-100 h.
In the chemical vapor deposition method, argon is used as a diluent gas, and hydrogen is used as a carrier gas.
The graphite preform is machined or compression molded, and the maximum size of the graphite preform is not more than 1.5 m.
The organic solution is a saccharide solution, and the organic solution is at least one of a glucose solution, a sucrose solution and a maltose solution.
The composite CVD graphite material is obtained according to the preparation method of the composite CVD graphite material.
Preparing a boat or a sagger or a heating furnace tube according to the preparation method of the composite CVD graphite material, wherein the boat is used in a hard alloy carbonization link and has the functions of high temperature oxidation resistance and anti-sticking; the sagger is used for producing a lithium battery negative electrode material, can prolong the service life of a product by more than 2 times, and is a mainstream product upgraded in the industry; the heating furnace tube is used as a heating body of a high-temperature furnace, and has a specific high-temperature oxidation resistance function.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts a chemical vapor deposition process, strips carbon atoms through a thermal flow field design to obtain pyrolytic carbon, and deposits the pyrolytic carbon on a graphite prefabricated member in an atomized form to form a composite material product with compact surface structure, high temperature oxidation resistance and adhesion resistance.
Compared with a pure graphite boat, the CVD composite boat has a compact surface structure, high purity and good stability, can greatly improve the boat adhesion problem, does not decarbonize, can realize the standardization of carbon consumption and quality control in tungsten carbide production, is a new product applied in the field of hard alloy powder preparation, and represents a great trend of industry development; the method can help users to greatly reduce defective materials and create better economic benefits; the service life of the composite boat is longer; the degree that the boat was glued to the reduction material is showing, and it is light to unload, alleviates workman intensity of labour or reduces the intelligence and equips the trouble of unloading the boat system.
The CVD composite sagger has better strength, hardness, wear resistance and oxidation resistance than the common graphite sagger and has good heat conductivity. Meanwhile, compared with the traditional product, the service life of the product can be prolonged by more than 80%, and the product is a mainstream product for industry upgrading.
By adopting the CVD composite heating furnace tube, the use performance is comprehensively improved. Compared with the common graphite furnace tube, the strength, the density, the oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance are obviously improved, the bearing performance is better, the service life of the furnace tube is effectively prolonged, and the comprehensive benefit is improved; the furnace tube has compact surface structure, high purity and less volatile matters in the furnace.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a composite CVD graphite material, which comprises the steps of sweeping the surface of a graphite preform by inert gas to remove surface dust; soaking the graphite preform in an organic matter solution, draining, and putting into a high-temperature kiln at 300-1500 ℃ for graphitizing the organic matter; the generated graphite fills the aperture of the capillary tube inside, and inert gas is adopted for protection in the graphitization process of the kiln; putting the graphitized preform into a CVD furnace, taking natural gas or propylene as a carbon source under high-temperature vacuum, stripping carbon atoms to obtain pyrolytic carbon, and depositing the pyrolytic carbon on the graphite preform in an atomized form to form a composite material with a uniform structure, wherein the surface strength, compactness and chemical stability of the material are improved by the method; the geometric shapes of the surface of the graphite preform are a plane, a cylindrical surface, a conical surface and a curved surface, and can be processed by the method; the size of the prefabricated body is not more than 1.5m; the preparation method of the prefabricated body can be machining and compression molding.
Example 2
Graphitizing a machined prefabricated body (graphite carbide boat), such as a semicircular graphite boat, a square graphite boat, a graphite molybdenum wire boat, a graphite intermediate frequency boat and the like, and then putting the graphitized prefabricated body into a CVD furnace, wherein methane is used as a carbon source, the deposition temperature is 1000 ℃, the pressure in the furnace is 0.01MPa, and the deposition time is 80h, so as to prepare the CVD composite boat, such as a composite semicircular carbide boat, a composite square carbide boat, a composite molybdenum carbide wire boat, a composite intermediate frequency carbide boat and the like.
TABLE 1 comparison of CVD composite boat and pure graphite boat
Figure 926139DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Compared with a pure graphite boat, the obtained CVD composite boat has a compact surface structure and good stability, can greatly improve the problem of boat adhesion, does not carburize or decarbonize, can realize the standardization of carbon consumption and quality control in tungsten carbide production, is a new product applied in the field of hard alloy powder preparation, and represents a great trend of industry development; the method can help users to greatly reduce defective materials and create better economic benefits; the service life of the composite boat is longer; show the degree that reduces the material and glue the boat, it is light to unload, alleviates workman intensity of labour or reduces the intelligence and equips the trouble of unloading the boat system, and the antiseized effect of high temperature anti-oxidant is showing.
Example 3
And (3) graphitizing the machined preform (pure graphite sagger), and putting the graphitized preform into a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) furnace, wherein propylene is used as a carbon source, the deposition temperature is 900 ℃, the pressure in the furnace is 0.01MPa, and the deposition time is 80h to obtain the CVD composite sagger.
TABLE 2 comparison table of CVD composite sagger and high-purity graphite sagger
Figure 394292DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The graphite sagger is a necessary consumable in the production of the lithium battery negative electrode material, and as can be seen from the table 2, the CVD composite sagger has better strength, hardness, wear resistance and oxidation resistance than a pure graphite material and has good thermal conductivity. Meanwhile, compared with the traditional product, the service life of the product can be prolonged by more than 2 times. Is a mainstream product for upgrading the industry.
Example 4
After the prefabricated body (graphite furnace tube) is graphitized, the prefabricated body is placed into a CVD chemical vapor deposition furnace, methane is used as a carbon source, the deposition temperature is 1000 ℃, the pressure in the furnace is 0.01MPa, and the deposition time is 80 hours, so that the CAD composite heating furnace tube is obtained. The furnace tube has the advantages of compact surface, better thermal stability and stronger bearing capacity.
TABLE 3 comparison table of the obtained CAD composite heating furnace tube and the high-purity graphite heating furnace tube
Figure 851818DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Compared with the common graphite furnace tube, the CVD composite heating furnace tube has the advantages that the service performance of the CVD composite heating furnace tube is comprehensively improved, the strength, the density and the oxidation corrosion resistance are obviously improved, the bearing performance is better, the service life of the furnace tube is effectively prolonged, and the comprehensive benefit is improved; the surface structure of the furnace tube is compact, and volatile matters in the furnace are few; the resistivity is low, and the power consumption can be reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and all equivalent structural changes made by applying the contents of the present specification are also intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of a composite CVD graphite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, blowing inert gas for the surface of a graphite preform to remove surface dust; soaking the graphite preform in an organic matter solution, draining, and putting into a high-temperature kiln at 300-1500 ℃ for graphitizing the organic matter; the generated graphite fills the pore diameter of the capillary tube inside, and inert gas is adopted for protection in the graphitization process of the kiln;
s2, placing the prefabricated body graphitized in the step S1 into a chemical vapor deposition furnace, and vacuumizing the furnace until the pressure of a deposition chamber is 50-1000 Pa;
and S3, depositing pyrolytic carbon on the surface of the prefabricated body by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method to obtain a product of the composite CVD graphite material.
2. The method for preparing a composite CVD graphite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chemical vapor deposition method uses methane and propylene gases as carbon sources, and the deposition temperature is 600-1500 ℃; the deposition time is 70-100 h.
3. The method for preparing a composite CVD graphite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the chemical vapor deposition method, argon is used as a diluent gas, and hydrogen is used as a carrier gas.
4. The method for preparing a composite CVD graphite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the graphite preform is machined or compression molded, and the maximum size of the graphite preform is not more than 1.5 m.
5. The method for preparing a composite CVD graphite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the organic solution is one of glucose solution, sucrose solution and maltose solution.
6. A composite CVD graphite material obtained by the method for producing a composite CVD graphite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The method for producing a composite CVD graphite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the composite CVD graphite material is used for a boat in a cemented carbide carbonization step; the sagger is used for producing a lithium battery negative electrode material; the heating furnace tube is used as a heating body of the high-temperature furnace.
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0673900A2 (en) * 1994-03-25 1995-09-27 The B.F. Goodrich Company Carbon/carbon composites and electrical apparatus containing the same
DE102010020193A1 (en) * 2009-05-12 2011-01-20 Hunan Kingbo Carbon-Carbon Composites Co. Ltd., Yiyang Cured thermal insulation material with carbon fiber for a high temperature furnace and a manufacturing method therefor
CN102320853A (en) * 2011-08-24 2012-01-18 中南大学 Preparation method of carbon-based composite cathode material with highly-oriented emission characteristic
CN102660768A (en) * 2012-05-26 2012-09-12 保定顺天新材料股份有限公司 Preparation technology of carbon/carbon composite material crucible for monocrystalline silicon furnace
US20130209891A1 (en) * 2010-10-25 2013-08-15 Christian Neumann Porous carbon product, method for the production thereof, and use of the same
CN109437954A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-03-08 上海康碳复合材料科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of carbon/carbon compound material PECVD bearing frame
CN109503188A (en) * 2018-12-14 2019-03-22 上海康碳复合材料科技有限公司 It is a kind of that carbon/carbon crucible CVI process is prepared based on flow fieldoptimization

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0673900A2 (en) * 1994-03-25 1995-09-27 The B.F. Goodrich Company Carbon/carbon composites and electrical apparatus containing the same
DE102010020193A1 (en) * 2009-05-12 2011-01-20 Hunan Kingbo Carbon-Carbon Composites Co. Ltd., Yiyang Cured thermal insulation material with carbon fiber for a high temperature furnace and a manufacturing method therefor
US20130209891A1 (en) * 2010-10-25 2013-08-15 Christian Neumann Porous carbon product, method for the production thereof, and use of the same
CN102320853A (en) * 2011-08-24 2012-01-18 中南大学 Preparation method of carbon-based composite cathode material with highly-oriented emission characteristic
CN102660768A (en) * 2012-05-26 2012-09-12 保定顺天新材料股份有限公司 Preparation technology of carbon/carbon composite material crucible for monocrystalline silicon furnace
CN109437954A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-03-08 上海康碳复合材料科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of carbon/carbon compound material PECVD bearing frame
CN109503188A (en) * 2018-12-14 2019-03-22 上海康碳复合材料科技有限公司 It is a kind of that carbon/carbon crucible CVI process is prepared based on flow fieldoptimization

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