CN115650797A - Method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and fulvic acid urea by utilizing biological fermentation - Google Patents
Method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and fulvic acid urea by utilizing biological fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
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- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
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- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention belongs to production of agricultural slow-release fertilizers and a biological fermentation nutrient preparation production process, and particularly relates to a method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and fulvic acid urea by utilizing biological fermentation. The invention realizes the effective utilization of crop straws, realizes circular economy, dissolves nutrients in inorganic fertilizer for biological fermentation, fully mixes the nutrients and improves the use effect of the fertilizer. The fertilizer is suitable for planting various crops, and solves the technical problem of low utilization rate of urea caused by leaching loss and volatilization. Because the biological fulvic acid has higher active groups, the biological fulvic acid can form a complex reaction when combined with urea in different forms, so that the fulvic acid urea has a certain slow release effect, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved by more than 15-30%; according to field test data, the yield of crops is not reduced when the use amount of 25% of urea is reduced; under the condition of equal urea dosage, the yield of the biological fulvic acid urea is increased by 5-15% compared with the common urea. The invention discloses a preparation process of urea containing biochemical fulvic acid and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing biochemical fulvic acid through microbial fermentation, (2) uniformly mixing the biochemical fulvic acid with molten urea, and (3) granulating the molten urea containing the biochemical fulvic acid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of production of professional fertilizers, relates to a preparation process of biological fermentation nutrients, and particularly relates to a method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and fulvic acid urea by utilizing biological fermentation.
Background
Urea is a nitrogen fertilizer variety mainly used in agriculture at present, and due to the influence of factors such as leaching, volatilization and the like, the used crops cannot be completely absorbed and utilized, and the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in China is 15-20 percent lower than that in developed countries at present. The chemical nitrogen lost by leaching, volatilization and other ways is about 900-1500 million tons each year, the value is about 350-600 hundred million RMB, and the resource waste, the environment and agricultural product pollution, the quality reduction of agricultural products and the serious damage of ecological environment are caused. The biochemical fulvic acid utilized by the existing fulvic acid urea in China is prepared by chemical reaction of coal and petroleum decomposition, and the raw materials in the preparation process contain various chemical heavy metal components, so that the slow release effect is achieved, but the soil is polluted due to more soil residues after a long time. It is necessary to find a method for producing urea fulvic acid by using biological fermentation to prepare biochemical fulvic acid.
The invention prepares biochemical fulvic acid by biological fermentation of crop straws, produces urea fulvic acid, has simple process and low cost, and can be popularized and popularized.
When the biochemical fulvic acid is combined with urea in different forms, a complex reaction can be formed, so that the fulvic acid urea has a certain slow release effect, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved by more than 15-30%; according to field test data, the yield of crops is not reduced when the use amount of 25% of urea is reduced; under the condition of the same urea dosage, the yield of the biological fulvic acid urea is increased by 5-15% compared with the common urea.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of producing biochemical fulvic acid by fermenting crop straws, realizing the purposes of environmental protection and circular economy and improving the value of the crop straws.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and urea fulvic acid by biological fermentation comprises the following steps: 1.5 wt% -2.5 wt% of fulvic acid and 97.5 wt% -98.5 wt% of urea, and the preparation method of the urea containing fulvic acid comprises the following steps: preparing biochemical fulvic acid by microbial fermentation, uniformly mixing the biochemical fulvic acid with molten urea, and granulating the molten urea containing the biochemical fulvic acid; the preparation process of the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution comprises the following steps: detoxication and crushing crop straws, stacking in a fermentation tank, adding biological humic acid bacteria, wheat bran and white sugar, mixing uniformly, adding water to cover, controlling the water content to be 50-60%, controlling the temperature to be 65-70 ℃, adjusting the pH to be 6-pH6.5, fermenting for 144-192 hours, filtering and evaporating to obtain 30-35% of yellow brown biochemical fulvic acid stock solution.
Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution are as follows: 1.5 percent of biological humic acid bacterial agent, 5 percent of wheat bran, 0.5 percent of white sugar and 50 to 60 percent of water.
Preferably, the preparation method of the urea fulvic acid comprises the following steps:
(1) Building a fermentation tank:
detoxication and crushing crop straws, uniformly mixing the detoxified and crushed crop straws with a biological humic acid microbial inoculum which is soaked into concentrated water solution 8-12 hours in advance, adding 5% of wheat bran and 0.5% of white sugar as fermentation initiating materials, adding 50-60% of water, and covering;
(2) Fermentation of biochemical fulvic acid stock solution:
gradually heating the fermentation tank to about 65 ℃, adjusting the pH to 6-pH6.5 by using slaked lime, uncovering the covering material and spraying a small amount of water mist to cool if the stack temperature exceeds 70 ℃, fermenting for 144-192 hours until the stack temperature is reduced to about 35 ℃, completing fermentation, filtering and evaporating to obtain 30-35% of gray black biochemical fulvic acid solution;
(3) Spraying slurry and granulating in a high tower mixed production process of urea containing biochemical fulvic acid:
the advanced carbon dioxide stripping urea process device is utilized, 99.5 percent of fused urea liquid generated by a system is sprayed, mixed and granulated, firstly, the 99.5 percent of fused urea liquid at 136 ℃ is injected into a mixer in a granulation room of a high tower, biochemical fulvic acid stock solution is injected into the mixer for stirring according to 3 to 5 percent of fused urea flow by utilizing a metering pump, continuous stirring and continuous feeding are carried out, continuous discharging is carried out, the liquid level of the stirrer is controlled to be between 50 and 60 percent, a discharge port directly enters a top rotary type granulation device for granulation, the natural cooling height of granulation is 85 meters, the fused liquid state is changed into granules after cooling, and the urea containing the biochemical fulvic acid is obtained, and the granularity of the urea containing the biochemical fulvic acid is yellow brown.
It is preferable that: building a fermentation tank (1), detoxifying and crushing crop straws, mixing the detoxified and crushed crop straws with 1.5% biological humic acid microbial inoculum concentrated aqueous solution uniformly, adding 5% of wheat bran and 0.5% of white sugar, adding 50-60% of water, building a pile and covering.
Preferably, in the step (2) of fermentation of the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution, the fermentation tank is gradually heated to about 65 ℃, slaked lime is used for adjusting the pH to 6-pH6.5, if the pile temperature exceeds 70 ℃, the covering is uncovered, a small amount of water mist is sprayed for cooling, the fermentation is carried out for 144 hours-192 hours, the fermentation is finished when the pile temperature is reduced to about 35 ℃, and a 30% -35% fulvic brown biochemical fulvic acid solution is obtained after filtration and evaporation.
Preferably, the biochemical fulvic acid-containing urea spraying granulation (3) is produced by mixing in a high tower, the mixed granulation of the molten urea and the biochemical fulvic acid is carried out, the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution is pumped into a mixer by a metering pump according to 3% -5% of the flow of the molten urea to be stirred, the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution is continuously stirred and continuously fed after being stirred, the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution is continuously discharged, the liquid level of the stirrer is controlled to be between 50% -60%, and the discharge port directly enters a top rotary type granulation device to be granulated.
Preferably, the biochemical fulvic acid-containing urea is produced by high tower mixing, sprayed, granulated (3) and cooled to obtain the biochemical fulvic acid-containing urea with yellow brown granularity and color.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the biochemical fulvic acid urea is prepared by biological fermentation, and consists of biological fulvic acid and urea, wherein the mass content of the biological fulvic acid is 1.5-2.5%, and the mass content of the urea is 97.5-98.5%.
The application method of the biochemical fulvic acid urea is the same as that of the common urea, and the biochemical fulvic acid urea is used for planting grains, vegetables, economic crops and fruits.
The biochemical fulvic acid can better improve the drought resistance of crops; can better improve the activity of various enzymes and the chlorophyll content of the plant body, and ensure vigorous metabolism; the absorption and running capacity of the plant to the trace elements can be better improved; compared with organic-inorganic compound fertilizer compounded by chemical fertilizers, the fertilizer efficiency can be obviously increased, the fixation and loss of the chemical fertilizers are reduced, the utilization rate of the chemical fertilizers is improved, and the effect of improving soil is achieved.
The biochemical fulvic acid has higher active groups, so that when the biological fulvic acid is combined with urea in different forms, a complex reaction can be formed, the fulvic acid urea has a certain slow release effect, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved by more than 15-30%; according to field test data, the yield of crops is not reduced when the use amount of 25% of urea is reduced; under the condition of equal urea dosage, the yield of the biological fulvic acid urea is increased by 5-15% compared with the common urea.
The invention relates to a method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid by biological fermentation to produce urea of fulvic acid, which can better improve the drought resistance of crops; can better improve the activity of various enzymes and the chlorophyll content of the plant body, and ensure vigorous metabolism; the absorption and running capacity of the plant to the trace elements can be better improved; reduce the fixation and loss of the fertilizer, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and improve the soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a process flow diagram of a production process for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and fulvic acid urea by biological fermentation.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
FIG. 1 shows a simplified process flow diagram of a process for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and fulvic acid urea by biological fermentation according to the present invention.
The implementation process and the fertilizing effect of the invention are explained in detail by the examples below.
A method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and urea fulvic acid by biological fermentation comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the urea containing fulvic acid comprises the following steps: preparing biochemical fulvic acid by microbial fermentation, uniformly mixing the biochemical fulvic acid with molten urea, and granulating the molten urea containing the biochemical fulvic acid; the preparation process of the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution comprises the following steps: detoxication and crushing crop straw, stacking in a fermentation tank, adding biological humic acid bacteria, wheat bran and white sugar, mixing, covering with water, controlling the water content to be 50-60%, adjusting the pH value to 6.5 at 65-70 ℃, fermenting for 144-192 hours, filtering and evaporating to obtain 30-35% of yellow brown biochemical fulvic acid stock solution.
Preparing raw materials of biochemical fulvic acid stock solution: 1.5 percent of biological humic acid bacterial agent, 5 percent of wheat bran, 0.5 percent of white sugar and 50 to 60 percent of water.
The preparation method of the fulvic acid urea comprises the following steps:
(1) Building a fermentation tank:
detoxication and crushing crop straws, uniformly mixing with a biological humic acid microbial inoculum which is soaked into concentrated water solution 8-12 hours in advance, adding 5% of wheat bran and 0.5% of white sugar as fermentation initiating materials, adding 50-60% of water, and covering;
(2) Fermentation of biochemical fulvic acid stock solution:
gradually heating the fermentation tank to about 65 ℃, adjusting the pH to 6-pH6.5 by using hydrated lime, uncovering the covering material and spraying a small amount of water mist to cool if the pile temperature exceeds 70 ℃, fermenting for 144-192 hours, filtering and evaporating after the pile temperature is reduced to about 35 ℃ and fermentation is finished, and obtaining 30-35% gray black biochemical fulvic acid solution;
(3) Spraying slurry and granulating in a high tower mixed production process of urea containing biochemical fulvic acid:
the advanced carbon dioxide stripping urea process device is utilized, 99.5% molten urea liquid generated by the system is sprayed, mixed and granulated, firstly, the molten urea liquid with the temperature of 136 ℃ and the temperature of 99.5% is injected into a mixer in a granulation room of a high tower, biochemical fulvic acid stock solution is injected into the mixer for stirring according to 3% -5% of the flow rate of the molten urea by utilizing a metering pump, continuous stirring and continuous feeding are carried out, continuous discharging is carried out, the liquid level of the stirrer is controlled to be between 50% -60%, a discharge port directly enters a top rotary type granulation device for granulation, the granulation height is 85 meters naturally cooled, the molten liquid state is changed into granules after cooling, and the urea containing the biochemical fulvic acid is obtained, and the granularity of the urea containing the biochemical fulvic acid is yellow brown.
Building a fermentation tank (1), detoxifying and crushing crop straws, mixing the detoxified and crushed crop straws with 1.5% biological humic acid microbial inoculum concentrated aqueous solution uniformly, adding 5% of wheat bran and 0.5% of white sugar, adding 50-60% of water, building a pile and covering.
And (2) fermenting the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution, gradually heating the fermentation tank to about 65 ℃, adjusting the pH to 6-6.5 by using slaked lime, if the pile temperature exceeds 70 ℃, uncovering the covering material, spraying a small amount of water mist to cool, fermenting for 144-192 hours, after the pile temperature is reduced to about 35 ℃, completing fermentation, and filtering and evaporating to obtain 30-35% of a fulvic acid solution.
High tower mixed production contains biochemical fulvic acid urea spraying granulation (3), and the mixed granulation of melting urea and biochemical fulvic acid utilizes the measuring pump to squeeze into the blender biochemical fulvic acid stoste through 3% -5% according to melting urea flow and stirs in, and the stirring back is through lasting stirring and lasting feeding, lasts the ejection of compact, and control agitator liquid level is between 50% -60%, and the discharge gate directly gets into top rotation type prilling granulator, carries out the granulation.
Spraying slurry and granulating (3) granulating and cooling to obtain the urea containing biochemical fulvic acid with yellow brown granularity.
The method comprises the steps of utilizing a 40-ten thousand-ton carbon dioxide stripping urea process device of Shandong silver-moistening biochemical industry Co., ltd, and producing small molecular urea as a test by using 99.5% molten urea liquid generated by a system, wherein the molten urea is obtained by measurement, and the molten urea contains biuret which is less than or equal to 0.86wt% and methylene diurea which is less than or equal to 01wt% (calculated as HCHO) and is subjected to spraying, mixing and granulating.
Firstly, the molten urea is heated to 136.0 ℃, the concentration reaches 99.5%, the molten urea pump is used for pumping the urine into a mixer in a high tower granulation room, the model is used as a metering pump for pumping biochemical fulvic acid stock solution into the mixer according to the flow of the molten urea, the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution is stirred, the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution is continuously stirred and continuously fed, the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution is continuously discharged, the liquid level of the stirrer is controlled to be between 50% and 60%, and the discharge port enters a top rotary type granulation device for granulation.
The granulation device sprays by centrifugation, the spraying height of the spray head is 85.6 meters, the sprayed liquid is naturally cooled, and the state of the cooled molten liquid is changed into particles, thus obtaining the flower special urea containing biological fermentation nutrients.
The biochemical fulvic acid-containing urea is yellow brown in granularity and is packaged industrially.
The packaged urea was analyzed for the following components:
two 10-mu vegetable plantation in Pengzhou Zhenghua in Dongping county of Shandong province are tested for two years, (1) common fertilizer is applied to one vegetable plantation, (2) the fertilizer of the invention is applied to one vegetable plantation, 60 kg/mu of the fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, and 35 kg/mu of the fertilizer is used as additional fertilizer; the vegetables mainly comprise the following components: eggplant, tomato and cucumber, the invention uses the raw material of fulvic acid prepared by biological fermentation to produce fulvic acid urea, and the amount of fulvic acid urea is applied according to the proportion. The fertilizer efficiency after application is compared as follows:
| control of | Kg/mu of eggplant | Tomato kg/mu | Cucumber kg/mu |
| The first year (1) | 3380 | 3760 | 3490 |
| Year one (2) | 3420 | 3800 | 3520 |
| The second year (1) | 3379 | 3761 | 3489 |
| The second year (2) | 3425 | 3804 | 3523 |
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and urea fulvic acid by utilizing biological fermentation is characterized in that the urea fulvic acid: 1.5 wt% -2.5 wt% of fulvic acid and 97.5 wt% -98.5 wt% of urea, wherein the preparation method of the fulvic acid urea comprises the following steps: preparing biochemical fulvic acid by microbial fermentation, uniformly mixing the biochemical fulvic acid with molten urea, and granulating the molten urea containing the biochemical fulvic acid; the preparation process of the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution comprises the following steps: detoxication and crushing crop straws, stacking in a fermentation tank, adding biological humic acid bacteria, wheat bran and white sugar, mixing uniformly, adding water to cover, controlling the water content to be 50-60%, controlling the temperature to be 65-70 ℃, adjusting the pH to be 6-pH6.5, fermenting for 144-192 hours, filtering and evaporating to obtain 30-35% of yellow brown biochemical fulvic acid stock solution.
2. The method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and urea fulvic acid by biological fermentation according to claim 1, wherein the raw material of the biochemical fulvic acid solution is: 1.5 percent of biological humic acid bacterial agent, 5 percent of wheat bran, 0.5 percent of white sugar and 50 to 60 percent of water.
3. The method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and urea fulvic acid by biofermentation according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the urea fulvic acid comprises the following steps:
(1) Fermentation tank building
Detoxication and crushing crop straws, uniformly mixing the detoxified and crushed crop straws with a biological humic acid microbial inoculum which is soaked into concentrated water solution 8-12 hours in advance, adding 5% of wheat bran and 0.5% of white sugar as fermentation initiating materials, adding 50-60% of water, and covering;
(2) Fermentation of the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution,
gradually heating the fermentation tank to about 65 ℃, adjusting the pH to 6-pH6.5 by using slaked lime, uncovering the covering material and spraying a small amount of water mist to cool if the stack temperature exceeds 70 ℃, fermenting for 144-192 hours until the stack temperature is reduced to about 35 ℃, completing fermentation, filtering and evaporating to obtain 30-35% of gray black biochemical fulvic acid solution;
(3) Spraying slurry and granulating for biochemical fulvic acid-containing urea produced by mixing in a high tower,
the advanced carbon dioxide stripping urea process device is utilized, 99.5% molten urea liquid generated by the system is sprayed, mixed and granulated, firstly, the molten urea liquid with the temperature of 136 ℃ and the temperature of 99.5% is injected into a mixer in a granulation room of a high tower, biochemical fulvic acid stock solution is injected into the mixer for stirring according to 3% -5% of the flow rate of the molten urea by utilizing a metering pump, continuous stirring and continuous feeding are carried out, continuous discharging is carried out, the liquid level of the stirrer is controlled to be between 50% -60%, a discharge port directly enters a top rotary type granulation device for granulation, the granulation height is 85 meters naturally cooled, the molten liquid state is changed into granules after cooling, and the urea containing the biochemical fulvic acid is obtained, and the granularity of the urea containing the biochemical fulvic acid is yellow brown.
4. The method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and urea fulvic acid by biological fermentation according to claim 3, further comprising:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) building a fermentation tank, detoxifying and crushing crop straws, uniformly mixing the detoxified and crushed crop straws with 1.5% of biological humic acid microbial inoculum concentrated aqueous solution, adding 5% of wheat bran and 0.5% of white sugar, adding 50-60% of water, building a pile and covering.
5. The method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and urea fulvic acid by biological fermentation according to claim 4, further comprising:
and (2) fermenting the biochemical fulvic acid stock solution, gradually heating the fermentation tank to about 65 ℃, adjusting the pH to 6-6.5 by using slaked lime, uncovering a covering material and spraying a small amount of water mist to cool if the stack temperature exceeds 70 ℃, fermenting for 144-192 hours, filtering and evaporating after the stack temperature is reduced to about 35 ℃ to obtain 30-35% of fulvic acid solution.
6. The method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and urea fulvic acid by biological fermentation according to claim 5, further comprising:
the high tower mixing production contains biochemical fulvic acid urea guniting granulation (3), and the mixed granulation of molten urea and biochemical fulvic acid utilizes a metering pump to pump biochemical fulvic acid stock solution into a mixer for stirring through 3% -5% according to the flow of the molten urea, and continuously performs discharging through continuous stirring and continuous feeding after stirring, wherein the liquid level of the stirrer is controlled to be between 50% -60%, and a discharge port directly enters a top rotary type granulation device for granulation.
7. The method for preparing biochemical fulvic acid and urea fulvic acid by biological fermentation according to claim 6, further comprising:
spraying and granulating the urea containing the biochemical fulvic acid produced by the high tower mixing (3) granulating and cooling to obtain the urea containing the biochemical fulvic acid with yellow brown granularity.
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| CN116514611A (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-08-01 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for producing fulvic acid fertilizer by agricultural wastes in cooperation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116514611A (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-08-01 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for producing fulvic acid fertilizer by agricultural wastes in cooperation |
| CN116514611B (en) * | 2023-07-03 | 2023-09-12 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Method for producing fulvic acid fertilizer by agricultural wastes in cooperation |
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