CN115650672A - Sprayed concrete - Google Patents
Sprayed concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN115650672A CN115650672A CN202211350665.6A CN202211350665A CN115650672A CN 115650672 A CN115650672 A CN 115650672A CN 202211350665 A CN202211350665 A CN 202211350665A CN 115650672 A CN115650672 A CN 115650672A
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- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- OHUHAKQCZVMIOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N OS(O)(=O)=O.[SeH2] Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.[SeH2] OHUHAKQCZVMIOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000007091 Chlorella pyrenoidosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 244000249214 Chlorella pyrenoidosa Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XYRAEZLPSATLHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium methoxy(trioxido)silane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].CO[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] XYRAEZLPSATLHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UQPHVQVXLPRNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N erythrulose Chemical compound OCC(O)C(=O)CO UQPHVQVXLPRNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 11
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N protonated dimethyl amine Natural products CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- DBZHQRFMTPKSST-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium ethoxy(trioxido)silane Chemical compound C(C)O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+] DBZHQRFMTPKSST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001116 FEMA 4028 Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N beta-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011175 beta-cyclodextrine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004853 betadex Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010754 BS 2869 Class F Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to sprayed concrete, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, 2150 to 2200 parts of cement; 925 to 945 parts of fly ash; 6700 to 6820 parts of machine-made sand; 9620 to 9820 parts of macadam; 35 to 45 parts of an additive; 1500 to 1600 portions of water; the additive comprises, by weight, 28-32 parts of a water reducing agent, 4-6 parts of an accelerating agent and 3-7 parts of a reinforcing agent. The invention solves the problems that the existing sprayed concrete is easily affected by blasting to generate micro cracks and is also affected by a reinforcing agent to ensure that the rebound rate in the spraying process is generally higher than 10 percent, and achieves the purposes of reducing the rebound resilience and improving the pressure resistance and the impermeability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to sprayed concrete.
Background
The sprayed concrete is fine stone concrete sprayed and poured by a pressure spray gun, and is commonly used for pouring linings of tunnels, linings of thin-wall structures such as walls and ceilings or linings of other structures and protective layers of steel structures. At present, the sprayed concrete mainly comprises two spraying modes, namely a dry mixing method and a wet mixing method, wherein the dry mixing method is a method of uniformly mixing cement, sand and stone in a dry state, conveying the mixture and an accelerating agent to a nozzle by using compressed air, mixing the mixture with pressure water and then carrying out spray irrigation, the wet mixing method is a method of conveying the mixed concrete to the nozzle by a grouting pump and then carrying out spray irrigation by using the compressed air, and a method of spraying while mixing is preferably adopted during construction so as to reduce the change of consistency.
In the existing railway tunnel construction process, concrete spraying by a wet mixing method is the best support measure for surface contact with surrounding rocks, and is also a second defense line for blocking underground water except grouting and water stopping. Because the primary shotcrete follows the tunnel face, the primary shotcrete can be affected by blasting to generate micro-cracks, and the anti-permeability performance of the primary shotcrete is greatly affected. Therefore, the performance requirements of the shotcrete for high-salt rock tunnel construction need to have good fluidity, high early strength and other properties, and also need to have good impermeability and crack resistance, so as to prevent saline groundwater from entering the structure to damage the structural performance, and even influence later construction. In addition, after the existing concrete reinforcing agent is added, the rebound rate in the spraying process is generally higher than 10%, and the main factor influencing later-stage construction is also realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing shotcrete is easily affected by blasting to generate microcracks and can also be affected by a reinforcer to ensure that the rebound rate in the spraying process is generally higher than 10 percent, and the aims of reducing rebound resilience and improving pressure resistance and impermeability are fulfilled.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the sprayed concrete consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight, cement 2150 to 2200; 925 to 945 parts of coal ash; 6700 to 6820 parts of machine-made sand; 9620 to 9820 parts of macadam; 35 to 45 parts of an additive; 1500 to 1600 portions of water; the additive comprises, by weight, 28-32 parts of a water reducing agent, 4-6 parts of an accelerating agent and 3-7 parts of a reinforcing agent.
Furthermore, the machine-made sand comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight, 0 to 0.5 percent of sand with the particle size of more than 4.75mm, 12.0 to 14.0 percent of sand with the particle size of 4.75 to 2.36mm, 22.0 to 24.0 percent of sand with the particle size of 2.36 to 1.18mm, 19.0 to 21.0 percent of sand with the particle size of 1.18 to 0.60mm, 13.0 to 15.0 percent of sand with the particle size of 0.30 to 0.60mm, and 18.0 to 20.0 percent of sand with the particle size of less than 0.15 mm.
Further, the water reducing agent is a water reducing agent obtained by modifying polycarboxylic acid molecules with beta-cyclodextrin.
The quick-setting agent is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 50% of water-soluble polyester slurry, 10-15% of sodium methylsilicate, 15-20% of sodium ethylsilicate, 5-10% of selenium sulfate and 5-10% of silicon dioxide microspheres.
Furthermore, the preparation process of the accelerator comprises the steps of sequentially atomizing and spraying the solution of sodium methyl silicate, sodium ethyl silicate and selenium sulfate in the water-soluble polyester slurry with the viscosity of 4.8 to 5.8 mPa.s, stirring the water-soluble polyester slurry while spraying, adding silicon dioxide microspheres after spraying, and performing post-treatment to obtain the accelerator.
Most further, in the atomization spraying process, the concentrations of sodium methyl silicate, sodium ethyl silicate and selenium sulfate are controlled to be 5-10mol/L respectively, the atomization particle size is 100-300 mu m, the atomization spraying coverage rate is larger than or equal to 95%, and the stirring rotation speed is 1400-1600r/min.
Most preferably, in the post-treatment process, the mixed solution of the water-soluble polyester slurry is uniformly mixed, vacuum defoamed, extruded out through a spinneret orifice with the diameter of 0.15 to 0.25mm at the speed of 0.08 to 0.10mL/min, cooled to 20 to 25 ℃ by a selenium sulfate solution after air cooling, dried, sheared and crushed to obtain the quick-setting agent.
The enhancer is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 50% of chlorella pyrenoidosa, 10-15% of erythrulose, 15-20% of phytosterol glucoside and 15-25% of soybean oil based dimethylammonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed wheat protein.
Furthermore, the preparation process of the enhancer comprises the steps of crushing, sieving and drying the chlorella pyrenoidosa, adding erythrulose, phytosterol glucoside and soybean oil-based dimethyl ammonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed wheat protein, and uniformly mixing to obtain the enhancer.
Most preferably, in the drying process, the drying temperature is 50 to 60 ℃, and the drying time is 2 to 4h.
In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. by adopting the specific accelerator and the enhancer, the invention can obviously reduce the resilience rate to below 2 percent in the using process and ensure that the 1d compressive strength and the 28d compressive strength of the concrete respectively reach more than 35MPa and 80 MPa;
2. according to the invention, sodium methyl silicate, sodium ethyl silicate and selenium sulfate are adopted to modify the water-based polyester, and then silicon dioxide is introduced to combine with the silicon dioxide to be distributed in the C-S-Si gel, so that the modified accelerator is more uniformly dispersed when being blended with a concrete matrix, the hydration degree of cement can be more improved, and the slurry bulk density of concrete can be effectively improved, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the impermeability and pressure resistance of the concrete;
3. according to the invention, the chlorella pyrenoidosa, erythrulose and phytosterol glucoside are introduced to inhibit the alkali aggregate reaction, so that the rebound rate of the sprayed concrete is reduced, and meanwhile, the soybean oil base dimethyl ammonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed wheat protein is added for doping, so that the doped concrete has lower rebound rate and higher early strength.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description so that the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the present invention are clearer and easier to understand.
Example 1: the invention discloses a sprayed concrete, which comprises the following raw materials by weight, 2178 parts of cement; 936 parts of fly ash; 6759 parts of machine-made sand; 9720 parts of macadam; 40 parts of an additive; 1557 parts of water. Wherein,
1) Cement: p, II 52.5 portland cement;
2) Fly ash: class F class I fly ash;
3) And (3) sand making by machine: comprises 0.3 percent of sand with the grain diameter of more than 4.75mm, 13.2 percent of sand with the grain diameter of 4.75 to 2.36mm, 22.8 percent of sand with the grain diameter of 2.36 to 1.18mm, 20.5 percent of sand with the grain diameter of 1.18 to 0.60mm, 24.0 percent of sand with the grain diameter of 0.30 to 0.60mm and 19.2 percent of sand with the grain diameter of less than 0.15 mm. Meanwhile, the content of mud blocks in the machine-made sand is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, the content of flaky particles is less than or equal to 10 percent, the maximum single-stage crushing index is less than or equal to 15 percent, the water absorption rate is less than or equal to 2.0 percent, the content of stone powder is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the MB value is less than or equal to 1.0;
4) Crushing stone: consists of 70 percent of large broken stone with the diameter of 10 to 25mm and 30 percent of small broken stone with the diameter of 5 to 10mm, the mud content of the broken stone is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, the mud block content is 0, the needle sheet content is less than or equal to 5 percent, the crushing value is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the apparent density is more than or equal to 2600kg/m 3 The void ratio is less than or equal to 43 percent, and the water absorption is less than or equal to 1.0 percent;
5) Additive: the water reducer is composed of the following raw materials, by weight, 30 parts of a water reducer, 5 parts of an accelerator and 5 parts of a reinforcer;
water reducing agent: the pH value of the water reducing agent modified by beta-cyclodextrin to polycarboxylic acid molecules is 4.0 to 4.7, and the density is 1.02 to 1.06g/cm 3 The fluidity of the cement paste is more than or equal to 180mm, the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 25%, the air content is less than or equal to 6.0%, the time loss of the 1h slump is less than or equal to 80mm, the compressive strength ratio in 7 days is more than or equal to 150%, and the compressive strength ratio in 28 days is more than or equal to 140%;
accelerator (1): the preparation process comprises the following steps of,
s1, preparing raw materials, 50 parts of water-soluble polyester slurry, 12 parts of sodium methyl silicate, 18 parts of sodium ethyl silicate, 10 parts of selenium sulfate and 10 parts of silicon dioxide microspheres;
s2, sequentially atomizing and spraying solutions of sodium methyl silicate, sodium ethyl silicate and selenium sulfate in water-soluble polyester slurry with the viscosity of 4.8-5.8mPa.s, controlling the concentrations of the solutions of the sodium methyl silicate, the sodium ethyl silicate and the selenium sulfate to be 8mol/L respectively, controlling the atomized particle size to be 200 mu m, and controlling the atomizing and spraying coverage rate to be not less than 95%, stirring the water-soluble polyester slurry at the rotating speed of 1500r/min while spraying, and completing spraying to obtain gel;
s3, adding silicon dioxide microspheres into the gel, uniformly mixing, defoaming in vacuum, extruding at the speed of 0.09mL/min through a spinneret orifice with the diameter of 0.20mm, cooling the mixture in air, cooling the cooled mixture to 22 ℃ through a selenium sulfate solution, and drying, shearing and crushing the cooled mixture to obtain an accelerator;
enhancer: the preparation process comprises the following steps of,
s1, preparing raw materials, namely 50 parts of chlorella pyrenoidosa, 12 parts of erythrulose, 18 parts of phytosterol glucoside and 20 parts of soybean oil-based dimethyl ammonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed wheat protein;
s2, crushing and sieving the chlorella pyrenoidosa, controlling the mesh number of a screen to be 80 meshes, drying the chlorella pyrenoidosa at 55 ℃ for 3 hours, controlling the moisture content of the chlorella pyrenoidosa to be less than 10%, adding erythrulose, phytosterol glucoside and soybean oil-based dimethyl ammonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed wheat protein, and uniformly mixing to obtain the enhancer.
The performance test of the sprayed concrete shows that the rebound rate is 1.8 percent, the 1d compressive strength and the 28d compressive strength of the concrete respectively reach 36.8MPa and 82.4MPa, and the permeation resistance pressure is 4.46MPa.
Example 2: the shotcrete disclosed by the invention is different from the shotcrete disclosed by the embodiment 1 in that the shotcrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, 2200 parts by weight of cement; 945 parts of fly ash; 6820 parts of machine-made sand; 9820 parts of gravel; 45 parts of an additive; 1600 parts of water; the admixture comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 32 parts of a water reducing agent, 6 parts of an accelerator and 7 parts of a reinforcing agent.
Example 3: the invention discloses a sprayed concrete, which is different from the concrete in the embodiment 1 in that the sprayed concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight, 2150 parts of cement; 925 parts of fly ash; 6700 parts of machine-made sand; 9620 parts of broken stone; 35 parts of an additive; 1500 parts of water; the additive comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 28 parts of a water reducing agent, 4 parts of an accelerator and 3 parts of a reinforcing agent.
Example 4: the shotcrete disclosed by the invention is different from the shotcrete disclosed in example 1 in that the preparation process of the accelerator comprises the following steps,
s1, preparing raw materials, 50 parts of water-soluble polyester slurry, 15 parts of sodium methylsilicate, 20 parts of sodium ethylsilicate, 5 parts of selenium sulfate and 10 parts of silica microspheres;
s2, sequentially atomizing and spraying solutions of sodium methyl silicate, sodium ethyl silicate and selenium sulfate in water-soluble polyester slurry with the viscosity of 4.8-5.8mPa.s, controlling the concentrations of the solutions of the sodium methyl silicate, the sodium ethyl silicate and the selenium sulfate to be 10mol/L respectively, controlling the atomized particle size to be 300 mu m, controlling the atomizing and spraying coverage rate to be more than or equal to 95%, stirring the water-soluble polyester slurry at the rotating speed of 1600r/min while spraying, and completing spraying to obtain gel;
s3, adding the silicon dioxide microspheres into the gel, uniformly mixing, defoaming in vacuum, extruding at the speed of 0.10mL/min through a spinneret orifice with the diameter of 0.20mm, cooling in air, cooling to 20 ℃ through a selenium sulfate solution, drying, shearing and crushing to obtain the accelerator.
Example 5: the shotcrete disclosed by the invention is different from the embodiment 1 in that the preparation process of the accelerator comprises the following steps,
s1, preparing raw materials, 50 parts of water-soluble polyester slurry, 15 parts of sodium methylsilicate, 20 parts of sodium ethylsilicate, 10 parts of selenium sulfate and 5 parts of silicon dioxide microspheres;
s2, sequentially atomizing and spraying solutions of sodium methyl silicate, sodium ethyl silicate and selenium sulfate in water-soluble polyester slurry with the viscosity of 4.8-5.8mPa.s, controlling the concentrations of the solutions of the sodium methyl silicate, the sodium ethyl silicate and the selenium sulfate to be 8mol/L respectively, controlling the atomized particle size to be 100 mu m, and controlling the atomizing and spraying coverage rate to be not less than 95%, stirring the water-soluble polyester slurry at the rotation speed of 1400r/min while spraying, and completing spraying to obtain gel;
s3, adding the silicon dioxide microspheres into the gel, uniformly mixing, defoaming in vacuum, extruding at the speed of 0.08mL/min through a spinneret orifice with the diameter of 0.20mm, cooling in air, cooling to 22 ℃ through a selenium sulfate solution, drying, shearing and crushing to obtain the accelerator.
Example 6: the shotcrete disclosed by the invention is different from the shotcrete disclosed in example 1 in that the preparation process of the reinforcing agent comprises,
s1, preparing raw materials, namely 50 parts of chlorella pyrenoidosa, 10 parts of erythrulose, 15 parts of phytosterol glucoside and 25 parts of soybean oil-based dimethyl ammonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed wheat protein;
s2, crushing and sieving the chlorella pyrenoidosa, wherein the mesh number of the sieve is 80 meshes, drying the chlorella pyrenoidosa at 50 ℃ for 4 hours, controlling the water content of the chlorella pyrenoidosa to be less than 10%, adding erythrulose, phytosterol glucoside and soybean oil-based dimethyl ammonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed wheat protein, and uniformly mixing to obtain the enhancer.
Example 7: the shotcrete disclosed by the invention is different from the shotcrete disclosed in example 1 in that the preparation process of the reinforcing agent comprises,
s1, preparing raw materials, namely 50 parts of chlorella pyrenoidosa, 15 parts of erythrulose, 20 parts of phytosterol glucoside and 15 parts of soybean oil-based dimethyl ammonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed wheat protein;
s2, crushing and sieving the chlorella pyrenoidosa, wherein the mesh number of the sieve is 80 meshes, drying the chlorella pyrenoidosa for 2 hours at 60 ℃, controlling the moisture content of the chlorella pyrenoidosa to be less than 10%, adding erythrulose, phytosterol glucoside and soybean oil-based dimethyl ammonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed wheat protein, and uniformly mixing to obtain the enhancer.
Comparative example 1: the shotcrete disclosed by the invention is different from the shotcrete disclosed in embodiment 1 in that an accelerator is not used. The performance test of the sprayed concrete shows that the rebound rate is 1.9 percent, the 1d compressive strength and the 28d compressive strength of the concrete respectively reach 20.6MPa and 56.8MPa, and the permeation resistance pressure is 2.05MPa.
Comparative example 2: the shotcrete disclosed by the invention is different from the shotcrete disclosed by the embodiment 1 in that a reinforcing agent is not used. The performance test of the sprayed concrete shows that the rebound rate is 4.8 percent, the 1d compressive strength and the 28d compressive strength of the concrete respectively reach 13.5MPa and 76.8MPa, and the permeation resistance pressure is 3.70MPa.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A shotcrete, comprising: the cement consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight, cement is 2150 to 2200; 925 to 945 parts of coal ash; 6700 to 6820 parts of machine-made sand; 9620 to 9820 parts of broken stones; 35 to 45 parts of an additive; 1500 to 1600 portions of water; the admixture comprises, by weight, 28-32 parts of a water reducing agent, 4-6 parts of an accelerating agent and 3-7 parts of a reinforcing agent.
2. A shotcrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the machine-made sand comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 0-0.5% of sand with the particle size of more than 4.75mm, 12.0-14.0% of sand with the particle size of 4.75-2.36mm, 22.0-24.0% of sand with the particle size of 2.36-1.18mm, 19.0-21.0% of sand with the particle size of 1.18-0.60mm, 13.0-15.0% of sand with the particle size of 0.30-0.60mm and 18.0-20.0% of sand with the particle size of less than 0.15 mm.
3. A shotcrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water reducing agent is a water reducing agent obtained by modifying polycarboxylic acid molecules with beta-cyclodextrin.
4. A shotcrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the accelerator is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 50% of water-soluble polyester slurry, 10-15% of sodium methylsilicate, 15-20% of sodium ethylsilicate, 5-10% of selenium sulfate and 5-10% of silica microspheres.
5. A shotcrete as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the preparation process of the accelerator comprises the steps of sequentially atomizing and spraying the solution of sodium methyl silicate, sodium ethyl silicate and selenium sulfate in water-soluble polyester slurry with the viscosity of 4.8-5.8mPa.s, stirring the water-soluble polyester slurry while spraying, adding silicon dioxide microspheres after spraying, and carrying out post-treatment to obtain the accelerator.
6. A shotcrete as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in the atomization spraying process, the concentrations of sodium methyl silicate, sodium ethyl silicate and selenium sulfate are respectively controlled to be 5-10mol/L, the atomization particle size is 100-300 mu m, the atomization spraying coverage rate is more than or equal to 95%, and the stirring rotating speed is 1400-1600r/min.
7. A shotcrete as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in the post-treatment process, the mixed solution of the water-soluble polyester slurry is uniformly mixed, vacuum defoamed, extruded out through a spinneret orifice with the diameter of 0.15-0.25mm at the speed of 0.08-0.10mL/min, cooled to 20-25 ℃ by a selenium sulfate solution after air cooling, dried, sheared and crushed to obtain the accelerating agent.
8. A shotcrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the enhancer is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 50% of chlorella pyrenoidosa, 10-15% of erythrulose, 15-20% of phytosterol glucoside and 15-25% of soybean oil-based dimethylammonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed wheat protein.
9. A shotcrete according to claim 8, wherein: the preparation process of the enhancer comprises the steps of crushing, sieving and drying the chlorella pyrenoidosa, adding erythrulose, phytosterol glucoside and soybean oil-based dimethyl ammonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed wheat protein, and uniformly mixing to obtain the enhancer.
10. A shotcrete according to claim 9, wherein: in the drying process, the drying temperature is 50 to 60 ℃, and the drying time is 2 to 4 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN112777986A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-11 | 浙江交工集团股份有限公司 | Machine-made sand ultrahigh-performance concrete and preparation method thereof |
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