CN115648294A

CN115648294A - Pathological section former

Info

Publication number: CN115648294A
Application number: CN202211234675.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林永顺; 王剑; 陈祎
Original assignee: Guizhou Provincial Peoples Hospital
Current assignee: Guizhou Provincial Peoples Hospital
Priority date: 2022-10-10
Filing date: 2022-10-10
Publication date: 2023-01-31

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of slicing equipment, in particular to pathological section forming equipment which comprises an outer box body, wherein a driving mechanism, an automatic material pushing mechanism and a cutting structure are sequentially arranged in the outer box body from top to bottom; the automatic pushing mechanism is connected with the driving mechanism through a first motor, a first telescopic rod is arranged between the cutting structure and the automatic pushing mechanism, and the first telescopic rod is connected with the end part of an output shaft of the first motor. The device of the invention realizes the relative sliding of the paraffin block and the cutter, and can also obtain the continuous pathological sections with uniform thickness.

Description

Pathological section former

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of slicing equipment, in particular to pathological section forming equipment.

Background

In the conventional tissue slide, the section is one of the most important technologies, and the quality of the section directly influences the observation effect of a specimen; good slicer is the important link of whole preparation process, 1 good section will be prepared, pathology staff must carry out perfect combination with technique, knowledge and skill, the quality of the sample of treating at first is the key factor, and the sample quality depends on the accuracy of preliminary treatment work, including fixed, dehydration, embedding etc., secondly, must select the slicer of correct model and suitable steel sword or disposable blade, need carefully consider sample type, size, thickness during the section, compromise operator's convenience and travelling comfort, visible slicer has extremely important effect.

The pathological section method comprises the following steps: pathological tissue with certain size is prepared into pathological tissue block by histopathology method, usually the pathological tissue is embedded in paraffin block, cut into thin slices by a slicer, stained by hematoxylin-eosin (H-E), examined by microscope for pathological changes, and finally pathological diagnosis is made according to the occurrence and development process of pathological changes.

The currently used biological tissue microtomes are generally of two types, namely a rotary type and a push-and-pull type, and through research surfaces, the two types of tissue microtomes have advantages and disadvantages respectively, the push-and-pull type is of a sliding design, and is characterized in that a tissue block and a slicing knife move simultaneously for rough cutting, the tissue block is fixed after a complete section is achieved, and the slicing knife moves for fine cutting, so that the time consumed for cutting a larger tissue block is short, 2 blades can be simultaneously installed, rough cutting and fine cutting are separated, the rough cutting speed is improved, and the utilization rate of the blades is greatly saved; the feed is carried out at an angle of 45 degrees, which is beneficial to slicing and enables the sliced sheets to be flat,

the device has the advantages of no extrusion, no deformation and uniform thickness, but the flat push microtome can only cut one slice at a time, and is not easy to continuously slice small tissues such as gastroscopes and the like, thereby influencing the slicing speed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide pathological section forming equipment, which realizes the relative sliding of a paraffin block and a cutter and can obtain continuous pathological sections with uniform thickness.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a pathological section forming device comprises an outer box body, wherein a driving mechanism, an automatic pushing mechanism and a cutting structure are sequentially arranged in the outer box body from top to bottom, the driving mechanism drives the automatic pushing mechanism to move up and down, the automatic pushing mechanism penetrates through the outer box body and is connected with a clamping body, the cutting structure penetrates through the outer box body and is connected with a cutter, and the automatic pushing mechanism and the cutting structure are respectively connected with the side wall of the outer box body in a sliding manner; the automatic pushing mechanism drives the clamping body and the cutting structure to drive the cutter to translate, and the clamping body is opposite to the cutter in translation direction;

the automatic material pushing mechanism is arranged in a limiting frame and is connected with the driving mechanism through the limiting frame, and the limiting frame is connected with the inner wall of the outer box body in a sliding manner;

the cutting structure is connected with the automatic pushing mechanism through a first telescopic rod.

Preferably, the limiting frame is a C-shaped frame composed of a longitudinal plate and symmetrically arranged transverse plates, and the longitudinal plate is connected with the inner wall of the outer box body in a sliding mode.

Preferably, the automatic pushing mechanism includes a first operating mechanism, a first motor and a first toothed plate, the first motor is disposed on the transverse plate, the transverse plate is located at the top of the longitudinal plate, the first operating mechanism is connected with the first motor, the first toothed plate is engaged with the first operating mechanism, and the first operating mechanism includes:

the first bevel gear is arranged on the output shaft of the first motor;

a second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear;

the first running wheel is connected with the inner wall of the longitudinal plate in a rotating mode, the first running wheel is in transmission connection with the second bevel gear, and the first running wheel is meshed with the first toothed plate.

Preferably, a supporting plate is arranged on the longitudinal plate, a sliding groove is formed in the supporting plate, the first toothed plate is clamped and connected to the supporting plate in a sliding mode, and the free end of the first toothed plate penetrates through the outer box body and is connected with the clamping body.

Preferably, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are provided with a stable holding frame together, the stable holding frame is an angular frame and is respectively in rotating connection with the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, and the stable holding frame is arranged on the longitudinal plate;

and the second bevel gear is provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the stable holding frame and is in transmission connection with the first running wheel.

Preferably, the output shaft of the first motor penetrates through the transverse plate, and the transverse plate is located at the bottom of the longitudinal plate and fixedly connected with the first telescopic rod.

Preferably, the cutting structure comprises a second operating mechanism, a driving wheel and a second toothed plate, and the second operating mechanism has the same structure as the first operating mechanism and comprises a third bevel gear, a fourth bevel gear and a second operating wheel;

the third bevel gear is arranged on the first telescopic rod;

the transmission wheel is respectively meshed with the second running wheel and the second toothed plate, and the free end of the second toothed plate penetrates through the outer box body and is connected with the cutter.

Preferably, actuating mechanism includes second telescopic link and driver, the second telescopic link set up in the diaphragm with between the outer box roof, the diaphragm is located the longitudinal plate top, the driver includes:

the second motor is arranged on the outer box body, and an output shaft of the second motor is connected with an eccentric wheel;

the sliding body is a T-shaped frame composed of a cross rod and a vertical rod, a limiting block is arranged on the outer box body, the vertical rod penetrates through the limiting block, and a first spring is arranged on the vertical rod between the cross rod and the limiting block.

Preferably, the first telescopic rod is composed of a first outer tube and a first inner tube which are sleeved with each other, a vertical sliding groove is formed in the first outer tube, a first sliding block is arranged on the inner tube, and the first sliding block slides in the sliding groove.

Preferably, the second telescopic rod comprises a second outer tube, a second inner tube and a second sliding block, the connection relationship of the second outer tube, the second inner tube and the second sliding block is the same as that of the first telescopic rod, and a second spring is arranged between the second outer tube and the second inner tube in the second outer tube.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the automatic pushing mechanism is used for pushing the clamping body, the clamping body is used for clamping a paraffin block, the cutting structure is used for pushing the cutter, the cutter is used for cutting pathological sections of the paraffin block, the cutter and the clamping body move relatively after the cutter and the clamping body move relatively, when the cutter and the clamping body are close to each other, uniform cutting is achieved, meanwhile, the paraffin block can be continuously sliced, and the paraffin block slicing machine is convenient to use.

2. The automatic slicing device is also provided with a driving mechanism and a first telescopic rod, the driving mechanism realizes the up-and-down movement of the automatic pushing mechanism, and under the action of the first telescopic rod, the cutting structure is effectively prevented from moving up and down along with the automatic pushing mechanism, at the moment, the translation of the cutter and the up-and-down sliding and translation of the clamping body are simultaneously realized, and then the stable slicing operation is completed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a pathological section molding apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the external structure of a pathological section forming apparatus according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an attachment for a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and a holding fixture of the pathological section molding apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first telescopic rod of the pathological section forming device of the present invention;

description of the reference numerals:

1. an outer case; 2. a clamping body; 3. a cutter; 4. a first motor; 5. a first telescopic rod; 6. a first toothed plate; 7. a first bevel gear; 8. a second bevel gear; 9. a first running wheel; 10. a support plate; 11. a holding and stabilizing frame; 12. a rotating shaft; 13. a slide plate; 14. a driving wheel; 15. a second toothed plate; 16. a third bevel gear; 17. a fourth bevel gear; 18. a second running wheel; 19. a first outer tube; 20. a first inner tube; 21. a first slider; 22. a lifting plate; 23. a second telescopic rod; 24. a second motor; 25. an eccentric wheel; 26. a cross bar; 27. a vertical rod; 28. a limiting block; 29. a first spring; 30. a transverse plate.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods described in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

A pathological section forming device is shown in figures 1-4 and comprises an outer box body 1, wherein a clamping body 2 and a cutter 3 are arranged in the outer box body 1 to be regulated and controlled, a driving mechanism, an automatic pushing mechanism and a cutting structure are sequentially arranged in the outer box body 1 from top to bottom, the driving mechanism drives the automatic pushing mechanism to move up and down, the automatic pushing mechanism penetrates through the outer box body 1 and is connected with the clamping body 2, the automatic pushing mechanism realizes horizontal pushing of the clamping body 2, the clamping body 2 is used for clamping a paraffin block, the cutting structure penetrates through the outer box body 1 and is connected with the cutter 3, the cutting structure realizes horizontal pushing of the cutter 3, the cutter 3 is used for cutting the paraffin block, the clamping body 2 and the cutter 3 are a clamping body and a cutter which are commonly used by conventional slice forming devices, and the automatic pushing mechanism and the cutting structure are respectively connected with the side wall of the outer box body 1 in a sliding mode, and the automatic pushing mechanism and the cutting structure can slide conveniently; the automatic pushing mechanism drives the clamping body 2 and the cutting structure drives the cutter 3 to translate, the clamping body 2 is opposite to the cutter 3 in translation direction, when the clamping body 2 and the cutter 3 are close to each other, uniform cutting is achieved, and meanwhile, wax blocks can be cut continuously, and the automatic pushing mechanism is convenient to use;

the automatic pushing mechanism is arranged in a limiting frame 22 and is connected with the driving mechanism through the limiting frame 22, the limiting frame 22 drives the whole automatic pushing mechanism to slide up and down, the purpose is to drive a paraffin block on the clamping body 2 to slide up and down, after the paraffin block is abutted against a blade of the cutter 3, the blade of the cutter 3 is used for cutting the paraffin block, pathological section operation is carried out, the limiting frame 22 is connected with the inner wall of the outer box body 1 in a sliding mode, a sliding strip is arranged on the limiting frame 22, a sliding groove is arranged on the inner wall of the outer box body 1, and the sliding strip slides in the sliding groove of the outer box body 1;

the cutting structure is connected with the automatic pushing mechanism through the first telescopic rod 5, and after the automatic pushing mechanism slides up and down, the position of the cutting structure is not influenced under the action of the first telescopic rod 5, so that the cutting structure is kept stable.

Further, the limiting frame 22 is a C-shaped frame composed of a longitudinal plate 13 and transverse plates 30 symmetrically arranged, the slide bar and the supporting plate 10 are both arranged on the longitudinal plate 13 and are respectively arranged on the front and the back of the longitudinal plate 13, the two transverse plates 30 are used for keeping the first motor 4 and the first bevel gear 7 stable, and the longitudinal plate 13 is connected with the inner wall of the outer box 1 in a sliding manner.

Further, automatic pushing equipment includes first operating device, first motor 4 and first pinion rack 6, and automatic pushing equipment is used for automatic pushing of paraffin block, is close to the paraffin block to cutter 3 gradually, and first operating device is used for driving 6 horizontal directions of first pinion rack and removes, then pushes away 2 horizontal directions of the cramping body of being connected with first pinion rack 6 and removes, and first motor 4 is the steering wheel, realizes the controllable rotation of angle, first motor 4 set up in on the diaphragm 30, the diaphragm 30 is located 13 tops of vertical plate, and diaphragm 30 keeps first motor 4 stable, first operating device with first motor 4 is connected, first pinion rack 6 with the meshing of first operating device, first operating device includes:

a first bevel gear 7 provided on an output shaft of the first motor 4;

the second bevel gear 8 is meshed with the first bevel gear 7, the first bevel gear 7 is driven to rotate after the first motor 4 operates, and the second bevel gear 8 meshed with the first bevel gear 7 is driven to rotate by the first bevel gear 7;

the first running wheel 9 is connected with the inner wall of the longitudinal plate 13 in a rotating mode, the longitudinal plate 13 keeps the first running wheel 9 to rotate stably, the first running wheel 9 is in transmission connection with the second bevel gear 8, the first running wheel 9 is meshed with the first toothed plate 6, the second bevel gear 8 rotates to drive the first running wheel 9 to rotate synchronously, and the first running wheel 9 drives the first toothed plate 6 meshed with the first running wheel to move horizontally.

Further, be provided with backup pad 10 on the vertical plate 13, the spout has been seted up on the backup pad 10, first pinion rack 6 joint and sliding connection in on the backup pad 10, backup pad 10 keeps first pinion rack 6 stable, and first pinion rack 6 can slide in backup pad 10 simultaneously, the free end of first pinion rack 6 runs through outer box 1, and with clamping body 2 is connected, and first motor 4 drives first bevel gear 7, and first bevel gear 7 drives second bevel gear 8, and second bevel gear 8 drives first running wheel 9 rotatory, and first running wheel 9 drives first pinion rack 6 and slides in the horizontal plane, realizes then driving clamping body 2 and slides in the horizontal plane.

Further, a stabilizing frame 11 is arranged on the first bevel gear 7 and the second bevel gear 8 together, the stabilizing frame 11 is an angular frame and is respectively rotatably connected with the first bevel gear 7 and the second bevel gear 8, the stabilizing frame 11 realizes stable meshing of the first bevel gear 7 and the second bevel gear 8, the stabilizing frame 11 is arranged on the longitudinal plate 13, the first bevel gear 7 and the second bevel gear 8 are kept stable through the stabilizing frame 11 and the longitudinal plate 13, and the first bevel gear 7 and the second bevel gear 8 are driven to synchronously displace after the longitudinal plate 13 displaces up and down;

the second bevel gear 8 is provided with a rotating shaft 12, the rotating shaft 12 penetrates through the stable holding frame 11 and is in transmission connection with the first running wheel 9, on one hand, the rotating shaft 12 realizes that the second bevel gear 8 rotates stably, on the other hand, the rotating shaft 12 realizes transmission connection with the first running wheel 9, so that the first running wheel 9 can rotate, and the rotating shaft is also arranged between the first bevel gear 7 and the stable holding frame 11.

Further, the output shaft of the first motor 4 penetrates through the transverse plate 30, the transverse plate 30 is located at the bottom of the longitudinal plate 13 and is fixedly connected with the first telescopic rod 5, and the first motor 4 drives the first telescopic rod 5 to rotate.

Further, the cutting structure comprises a second operating mechanism, a transmission wheel 14 and a second gear plate 15, wherein the second operating mechanism has the same structure as the first operating mechanism and comprises a third bevel gear 16, a fourth bevel gear 17 and a second operating wheel 18;

the third bevel gear 16 is arranged on the first telescopic rod 5;

the transmission wheel 14 is respectively engaged with the second running wheel 18 and the second toothed plate 15, the free end of the second toothed plate 15 penetrates through the outer box 1 and is connected with the cutter 3, the first motor 4 drives the first telescopic rod 5, the first telescopic rod 5 drives the third bevel gear 16, the third bevel gear 16 drives the fourth bevel gear 17, the fourth bevel gear 17 drives the second running wheel 18 to rotate, the second running wheel 18 drives the transmission wheel 14 to rotate, the rotation directions of the second running wheel 18 and the transmission wheel 14 are opposite, similarly, the rotation directions of the transmission wheel 14 and the first running wheel 9 are also opposite, the displacement directions of the first toothed plate 6 and the second toothed plate 15 which are respectively engaged with the first running wheel and the second running wheel are opposite, and accordingly, the clamping body 2 is opposite to the translation direction of the cutter 3.

Further, actuating mechanism includes second telescopic link 23 and driver, second telescopic link 23 set up in diaphragm 30 with between 1 roof of outer box, diaphragm 30 is located vertical plate 13 top, second telescopic link 23 are used for driving spacing frame 22 and reset, and the driver is used for the application of force to spacing frame 22 for spacing frame 22 can slide from top to bottom, the driver includes:

a second motor 24 disposed on the outer case 1, an output shaft of the second motor 24 being connected to an eccentric wheel 25;

the runner, it is the T shape frame that constitutes by horizontal pole 26 and montant 27, be provided with stopper 28 on the outer box, montant 27 runs through stopper 28, just horizontal pole 26 with between the stopper 28 be provided with spring 29 on the montant 27, it is rotatory that the drive eccentric wheel 25 after the second motor 24 is rotatory, after eccentric wheel 25 is rotatory to convex surface and horizontal pole 26 butt, produce extruded effort to horizontal pole 26, drive montant 27 and move down after the displacement takes place at horizontal pole 26, adopt the tip of montant 27 to the spacing 22 application of force for spacing 22 moves down, again along with second motor 24 drive eccentric wheel 25 rotatory to not the butt horizontal pole 26 after, make the runner reset under the effect of spring 29, realize that spacing 22 resets under the effect of second telescopic link 23 this moment.

Furthermore, the first telescopic rod 5 is composed of a first outer tube 19 and a first inner tube 20 which are sleeved with each other, a vertical sliding groove is formed in the first outer tube 19, a first sliding block 21 is arranged on the inner tube, the first sliding block 21 slides in the sliding groove, and the first inner tube 20 can only slide vertically in the first outer tube 19, so that the first inner tube 20 is driven to slide after the limiting frame 22 slides vertically without affecting the position of the first outer tube 19, and then the displacement of the whole cutting structure is not affected.

Further, the second telescopic rod 23 comprises a second outer tube, a second inner tube and a second sliding block, the connection relationship of the second outer tube, the second inner tube and the second sliding block is the same as that of the first telescopic rod 5, a second spring is arranged between the second outer tube and the second inner tube, and the second telescopic rod 23 is designed in such a way that the second inner tube can only slide vertically and drives the limiting frame 22 to reset under the action of the second spring.

The using method comprises the following steps:

when the pathological section cutting machine is used, firstly, a paraffin block is clamped on the clamping body 2, then switches of the first motor 4 and the second motor 24 are turned on, when pathological section cutting is carried out, the first motor 4 rotates for a specific angle, the pathological paraffin block and the cutter 3 are enabled to be close to each other, then the second motor 24 rotates for a circle and stops, at the moment, after the first toothed plate 6 moves up and down under the action of the vertical rod 27, the pathological paraffin block is driven to slide on the surface of the blade of the cutter 3, and the blade of the cutter 3 is adopted to carry out pathological section on the paraffin block; the paraffin block is roughly cut, fine cutting operation is continued after rough cutting is carried out until pathology is exposed, and the obtained pathological section is directly placed into a solution for dispersion and observation after sampling by medical staff.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. The pathological section forming equipment is characterized by comprising an outer box body (1), wherein a driving mechanism, an automatic pushing mechanism and a cutting structure are sequentially arranged in the outer box body (1) from top to bottom, the driving mechanism drives the automatic pushing mechanism to move up and down, the automatic pushing mechanism penetrates through the outer box body (1) and is connected with a clamping body (2), the cutting structure penetrates through the outer box body (1) and is connected with a cutter (3), and the automatic pushing mechanism and the cutting structure are respectively in sliding connection with the side wall of the outer box body (1); the automatic pushing mechanism drives the clamping body (2) and the cutting structure drives the cutter (3) to translate, and the clamping body (2) is opposite to the cutter (3) in the translation direction;

the automatic material pushing mechanism is arranged in a limiting frame (22) and is connected with the driving mechanism through the limiting frame (22), and the limiting frame (22) is connected with the inner wall of the outer box body (1) in a sliding mode;

the cutting structure is connected with the automatic pushing mechanism through a first telescopic rod (5).

2. The pathological section forming device according to claim 1, wherein the limiting frame (22) is a C-shaped frame consisting of a longitudinal plate (13) and symmetrically arranged transverse plates (30), and the longitudinal plate (13) is slidably connected with the inner wall of the outer box body (1).

3. The pathological section forming device of claim 2, wherein the automatic pushing mechanism comprises a first operating mechanism, a first motor (4) and a first toothed plate (6), the first motor (4) is disposed on the transverse plate (30), the transverse plate (30) is located on top of the longitudinal plate (13), the first operating mechanism is connected with the first motor (4), the first toothed plate (6) is engaged with the first operating mechanism, and the first operating mechanism comprises:

a first bevel gear (7) arranged on an output shaft of the first motor (4);

a second bevel gear (8) which meshes with the first bevel gear (7);

a first running wheel (9) which is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the longitudinal plate (13), the first running wheel (9) is in transmission connection with the second bevel gear (8), and the first running wheel (9) is meshed with the first toothed plate (6).

4. The pathological section forming device of claim 3, wherein a supporting plate (10) is disposed on the longitudinal plate (13), a sliding groove is disposed on the supporting plate (10), the first toothed plate (6) is clamped and slidably connected to the supporting plate (10), and a free end of the first toothed plate (6) penetrates through the outer box (1) and is connected to the clamping body (2).

5. The pathological section forming device according to claim 4, wherein the first bevel gear (7) and the second bevel gear (8) are provided with a holding frame (11), the holding frame (11) is an angular frame and is rotatably connected with the first bevel gear (7) and the second bevel gear (8), respectively, and the holding frame (11) is arranged on the vertical plate (13);

and a rotating shaft (12) is arranged on the second bevel gear (8), and the rotating shaft (12) penetrates through the stability holding frame (11) and is in transmission connection with the first running wheel (9).

6. The pathological section forming device of claim 5, wherein the output shaft of the first motor (4) penetrates through the transverse plate (30), and the transverse plate (30) is located at the bottom of the longitudinal plate (13) and is fixedly connected with the first telescopic rod (5).

7. Pathological section forming equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that the cutting structure comprises a second operating mechanism, a transmission wheel (14) and a second toothed plate (15), the second operating mechanism is the same as the first operating mechanism in structure and comprises a third bevel gear (16), a fourth bevel gear (17) and a second operating wheel (18);

the third bevel gear (16) is arranged on the first telescopic rod (5);

the transmission wheel (14) is respectively meshed with the second running wheel (18) and the second toothed plate (15), and the free end of the second toothed plate (15) penetrates through the outer box body (1) and is connected with the cutter (3).

8. Pathological section forming apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the driving mechanism includes a second telescopic rod (23) and a driver, the second telescopic rod (23) is disposed between the horizontal plate (30) and the top wall of the outer box body (1), the horizontal plate (30) is located on top of the vertical plate (13), the driver includes:

a second motor (24) arranged on the outer box body (1), wherein an output shaft of the second motor (24) is connected with an eccentric wheel (25);

the sliding body is a T-shaped frame composed of a cross rod (26) and a vertical rod (27), a limiting block (28) is arranged on the outer box body, the vertical rod (27) penetrates through the limiting block (28), and a first spring (29) is arranged on the vertical rod (27) between the cross rod (26) and the limiting block (28).

9. The pathological section forming device of claim 8, wherein the first telescopic rod (5) is composed of a first outer tube (19) and a first inner tube (20) which are sleeved with each other, a vertical sliding groove is formed in the first outer tube (19), a first sliding block (21) is arranged on the inner tube, and the first sliding block (21) slides in the sliding groove.

10. The pathological section forming device of claim 9, wherein the second telescopic rod (23) comprises a second outer tube, a second inner tube and a second sliding block, the connection relationship of the second outer tube, the second inner tube and the second sliding block is the same as that of the first telescopic rod (5), and a second spring is arranged between the second outer tube and the second inner tube in the second outer tube.