CN115645445A - A processing method of novel cooked Notoginseng radix for preventing and treating Alzheimer disease and related products thereof - Google Patents
A processing method of novel cooked Notoginseng radix for preventing and treating Alzheimer disease and related products thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel processing technology of cooked pseudo-ginseng for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease and related products thereof, and relates to a novel method for processing the cooked pseudo-ginseng. The invention belongs to the field of medicines. The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine with obvious curative effect and good safety for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicines, and relates to a novel processing method of cooked pseudo-ginseng, the cooked pseudo-ginseng produced by the processing method has the effect of preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease, and further relates to other products processed by taking the cooked pseudo-ginseng obtained by the method as a raw material.
Background
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), also called senile dementia, is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system. So far, modern medical research has not been able to fully elucidate the etiology and pathogenesis of AD. According to statistics, more than 200 medicines for treating senile dementia are generated in more than 20 years, and only 3 medicines and one compound preparation are approved by FDA on the market. However, these drugs only serve to relieve some of the symptoms and do not completely cure AD. Therefore, the development of effective drugs for treating AD is always the focus of research in various large drug enterprises.
The traditional Chinese medicine considers that the dementia is located in the brain and closely related to the dysfunction of organs of heart, liver, spleen and kidney. The kidney stores essence, governs bone and produces marrow, and is communicated with the brain, and the brain is the sea of marrow. The basic pathogenesis of the disease is that marrow reduces brain consumption, mental disorder, brain marrow empty deficiency and qi and blood deficiency cause the loss of nourishment of heart spirit. It is marked by deficiency of origin and excess of origin, deficiency of the heart, liver, spleen and kidney, endogenous phlegm and blood stasis. Therefore, the treatment of AD mainly aims at tonifying kidney and replenishing essence, and also aims at strengthening spleen and replenishing qi, and activating blood and dissolving stasis. Pseudo-ginseng was recorded in the book of materia medica Hui Jing Yao of Liu Wen Tai and then widely distributed. Its processing is carried out in Wan Shi Ladies of Ming Dynasty, in which the processing method is "powder", and then in Qing Dynasty, there is a regulation on the particle size of the powder, such as grinding into fine powder. The first known in the "big achievements of surgery" of Qing Dynasty Kenkun institute is cooked with radix Notoginseng, and the radix Notoginseng is baked to make Qizhen paste for treating stick injuries. Steaming has been used in Ben Cao gang mu Shi Yi and in the New edition of the empirical prescription for tonifying qi and blood and treating the diseases of fatigue, weakness and white injury. The radix Notoginseng has sweet taste and warm nature and enhanced nourishing effect, and can be used for treating asthenia, anorexia, neurasthenia, overfatigue, blood loss, anemia, etc. The rare ginsenoside in the cooked panax notoginseng is rich in variety and higher in content, and the rare ginsenoside with lower polarity can be better absorbed, so that the prepared panax notoginseng has stronger pharmacological activity. The traditional cooked pseudo-ginseng multi-purpose steaming method or frying method adopts a steamer to steam for 2 to 3 hours at 90 to 100 ℃ under normal pressure and then naturally dries.
With the development of modern processing technology, the improvement of processing technology and equipment is improved, steaming can be carried out at a steaming temperature of over 100 ℃, and people gradually use high-temperature steaming for preparing cooked pseudo-ginseng. However, when the cooked pseudo-ginseng is steamed at a high temperature, the steaming temperature affects the appearance of the cooked pseudo-ginseng, and the effective ingredients are easily lost due to cracking, so that further research on the processing technology of the cooked pseudo-ginseng is required. At present, the cooked pseudo-ginseng is steamed at high pressure generally for a certain time after the temperature is raised to the steaming temperature once, and the influence of the stage temperature rise in the steaming process and the reasonable control of the temperature rise rate on the curative effect of the cooked pseudo-ginseng is not fully considered. Generally, after the steaming reaches 100 ℃, the temperature rise rate is obviously slowed down. The cooked pseudo-ginseng steaming process is beneficial to controlling the quality of the cooked pseudo-ginseng and improving the curative effect of the cooked pseudo-ginseng.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a novel processing technique for cooked pseudo-ginseng, which is characterized in that the cooked pseudo-ginseng is steamed under the high temperature condition, the temperature rise in two stages is adopted in the steaming process, the middle is constant for a certain time, and the temperature rise rate in each stage is respectively controlled; in the drying stage, drying at high temperature for a certain time and then drying at low temperature; the raw material is radix Notoginseng or fresh radix Notoginseng, and the obtained novel cooked radix Notoginseng and its preparation can be used for preventing and treating Alzheimer disease.
The invention relates to a process for preparing cooked pseudo-ginseng, and the cooked pseudo-ginseng and the processed products thereof prepared by the process have pharmacological action for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease.
The research of the invention finds that the quality of cooked pseudo-ginseng can be obviously improved by slowly raising the temperature (below 100 ℃) in the first stage of steaming, then keeping the temperature for a certain time at 100 ℃ and then quickly raising the temperature (above 100 ℃) in the second stage.
The invention discloses a processing and preparation process of cooked pseudo-ginseng, which is carried out under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, and the steaming temperature is 110-150 ℃.
The invention discloses a processing and preparation process of cooked pseudo-ginseng, which is characterized in that the temperature rise speed of each stage is controlled, the temperature is below 100 ℃ and 1.2-3.0 ℃/min, the interval time is 3-60min, the temperature is above 100 ℃ and 1.0-2.0 ℃/min.
In the pharmacodynamic experiment disclosed by the invention, the treatment effect of the cooked pseudo-ginseng on the transgenic AD drosophila is evaluated by taking the climbing capacity of the AD drosophila as an index.
The processed product of the prepared panax notoginseng comprises extracts and preparations, such as water extracts, alcohol extracts and preparations taking the processed panax notoginseng as main raw materials, and also comprises rare ginsenoside S-Rg extracted or synthesized from the processed panax notoginseng 3 、R-Rg 3 、S-Rh 1 、R-Rh 1 、Rk 1 、Rg 5 、Rk 3 、Rh 4 And cooked notoginseng polysaccharide.
The invention discloses an optimized steaming process of cooked pseudo-ginseng, which comprises the following steps:
placing the pseudo-ginseng in a high-pressure steam pot, raising the temperature to 100 ℃ at a constant speed of 1.2-3.0 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3-60min, then raising the temperature to 110-150 ℃ at a constant speed of 1.0-2.0 ℃/min, steaming for 1-6 ℃, cooling after the steaming, and drying to obtain the pseudo-ginseng health-care food.
The invention discloses a further optimized process for steaming cooked pseudo-ginseng:
placing raw panax notoginseng or fresh panax notoginseng into a high-pressure steam pot, raising the temperature to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 1.8-2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3-20min, then raising the temperature to 120-140 ℃ at the speed of 1.0-1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3-6 hours, cooling after the steaming is finished, taking out the panax notoginseng after the temperature is reduced to 40-60 ℃, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 50-80 ℃ to obtain the panax notoginseng food.
The invention discloses a further optimized process for steaming cooked pseudo-ginseng:
placing the pseudo-ginseng in a high-pressure steam pot, raising the temperature to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.0-2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3-10min, then raising the temperature to 120-130 ℃ at the speed of 1.0-1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3-5 hours, cooling after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 50-60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ to obtain the pseudo-ginseng.
The fresh pseudo-ginseng is cleaned, washed to remove silt and drained; the raw radix Notoginseng is treated by moistening, and the water ratio is 0.3-1.0 times of that of the raw radix Notoginseng.
The study on the prevention and treatment of AD by the cooked pseudo-ginseng in the invention:
firstly, water extraction is used for preparing a cooked panax notoginseng water extract, and the treatment effect of the cooked panax notoginseng on transgenic AD drosophila is evaluated by taking the climbing capability of the AD drosophila as an index.
Detailed Description
Comparative example 1:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeable, placing the pseudo-ginseng in an autoclave, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3min, then heating to 100 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at a speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, and drying at 60 ℃.
Comparative example 2:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeable, placing the pseudo-ginseng in an autoclave, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3min, then heating to 110 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at a speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, and drying at 60 ℃.
Example 1:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeable, placing the pseudo-ginseng in an autoclave, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3min, then heating to 120 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at a speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, and drying at 60 ℃.
Example 2:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water for moistening until the medicine is completely water-permeable, placing the mixture in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the mixture after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 60 ℃.
Example 3:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water for moistening until the medicine is completely water-permeable, placing the mixture in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3min, then heating to 140 ℃ at the speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, taking out the mixture after the steaming is finished, taking the mixture out after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, and drying the mixture at 60 ℃.
Comparative example 3:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeable, placing the pseudo-ginseng in an autoclave, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3min, then heating to 150 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at a speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, and drying at 60 ℃.
Comparative example 4:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, placing the raw pseudo-ginseng in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping for 5min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping for half an hour, cooling, and drying at 70 ℃.
Example 4:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 300ml of water for moistening until the medicine is completely water-permeable, placing the mixture in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 5min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the mixture after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at 70 ℃.
Example 5:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeable, placing the pseudo-ginseng in an autoclave, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 5min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at 70 ℃.
Example 6:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 700ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeated, placing the pseudo-ginseng in an autoclave, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 5min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, and drying at 70 ℃.
Example 7:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 1000ml of water for moistening until the medicine is completely water-permeable, placing the mixture in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 5min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the mixture after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at 70 ℃.
Comparative example 5
Taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 1300ml of water to moisten until the medicine is thoroughly permeated, placing the mixture in an autoclave, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping for 5min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the mixture after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 70 ℃. Comparative example 6:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 700ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeated, placing the pseudo-ginseng in an autoclave, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 1 hour, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 80 ℃.
Comparative example 7:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 700ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeated, placing the pseudo-ginseng in an autoclave, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 2 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 80 ℃.
Example 8:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 700ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeated, placing the pseudo-ginseng in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min, then heating to 130 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, and drying at 80 ℃.
Example 9:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 700ml of water for moistening until the medicine is completely water-permeable, placing the mixture in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 4 hours, taking out the mixture after the steaming is finished, taking the mixture out after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, and drying the mixture at 80 ℃.
Example 10:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 700ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeated, placing the pseudo-ginseng in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min, then heating to 130 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 5 hours, after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, and drying at 80 ℃.
Example 11:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 700ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeated, placing the pseudo-ginseng in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min, then heating to 130 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 6 hours, after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, and drying at 80 ℃.
Comparative example 8:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 700ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeated, placing the pseudo-ginseng in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min, then heating to 130 ℃ at a speed of 1.0 ℃/min, steaming for 7 hours, after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, and drying at 80 ℃.
Example 12:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeable, placing the pseudo-ginseng in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 10min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, and drying at 60 ℃.
Example 13:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeable, placing the pseudo-ginseng in an autoclave, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 20min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 60 ℃.
Comparative example 9:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water for moistening until the medicine is completely water-permeable, placing the mixture in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 60min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the mixture after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 60 ℃.
Example 14:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water for moistening until the medicine is completely water-permeable, placing the mixture in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 4 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the mixture after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 60 ℃.
Comparative example 10:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeable, placing the pseudo-ginseng in an autoclave, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 2.0 ℃/min, steaming for 4 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 60 ℃.
Example 15:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water for moistening until the medicine is completely water-permeable, placing the mixture in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the mixture after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 50 ℃.
Example 16:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water for moistening until the medicine is completely water-permeable, placing the mixture in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the mixture after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at 70 ℃.
Example 17:
taking 1kg of raw pseudo-ginseng, adding 500ml of water to moisten the pseudo-ginseng until the medicine is thoroughly permeated, placing the pseudo-ginseng in an autoclave, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3min, then heating to 130 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at the speed of 0.5 ℃/min after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and keeping the temperature for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 80 ℃.
Example 18:
cleaning 1kg of fresh pseudo-ginseng, washing silt on the surface, properly controlling water, placing in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping for 5min, then heating to 130 ℃ at a speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3 hours, cooling at 0.5 ℃/min after steaming, taking out after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and preserving heat for half an hour, cooling, and drying at 70 ℃.
Example 19:
cleaning 1kg of fresh pseudo-ginseng, washing silt on the surface, properly controlling water, placing in a high-pressure steam sterilization pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a speed of 2.4 ℃/min, keeping for 5min, then heating to 140 ℃ at a speed of 1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 4 hours, cooling at 0.5 ℃/min after steaming, taking out after the temperature is reduced to 60 ℃ and preserving heat for half an hour, cooling, and drying at 70 ℃.
Example 20:
the samples of cooked notoginseng prepared in the above examples were taken for pharmacodynamic studies.
Therapeutic effect of extract of cooked notoginseng on transgenic AD drosophila
1.1 Drosophila feeding
The fruit fly is bred in a fruit fly culture medium, and the preparation mode of the culture medium is as follows: adding 80g of corn flour, 70g of cane sugar and 7g of agar powder into 1L of deionized water, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring and heating, boiling for 2min, cooling to 60-70 ℃, adding 2ml of each of 15% benzoic acid and propionic acid, continuously stirring, cooling to 50-60 ℃, adding 20g of yeast, and uniformly mixing.
1.2 grouping and administration
The virgin virgins of WT and AD type are collected and divided into blank group (WT fruit fly), model group (AD fruit fly), positive drug group (AD fruit fly) and administration group (AD fruit fly), wherein the blank group and the model group are added with normal culture medium, the positive drug group is added with 20 mu M donepezil hydrochloride, the administration group is added with the extract of the cooked pseudo-ginseng of the embodiment of the invention and fed for 8 days, and each group contains 30.
1.3 determination of the climbing ability of Drosophila
The fruit flies have the behavior of being driven to the ground, namely, the fruit flies can move upwards spontaneously in a vertical space, and the climbing ability experiment of the fruit flies utilizes the characteristic to investigate the movement ability of the fruit flies. Putting the fruit flies into a vertically placed hollow glass tube, adapting for 2min, shaking the glass tube to enable the fruit flies to reach the bottom of the glass tube, timing for 10s, counting the number (C) of the fruit flies climbing over 10cm, testing for 5 times for each group of fruit flies, and calculating the climbing index CI = C/total number of the fruit flies. The average climbing index for each concentration was recorded.
Table 1 therapeutic effect of cooked notoginseng on transgenic AD drosophila (n =3,%,
)
note: control: blank control, M: a model group; # in comparison with the blank set, the results, # P＜0.05； * in comparison with the set of models, * P＜0.05
comparative example 1 is a conventional cooked notoginseng steaming method, in which a sample of a general cooked notoginseng is prepared and steamed under normal pressure. Comparative example 2, examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 3 were conducted by steaming under pressurized conditions, and for the preparation of samples of cooked pseudo-ginseng of different steaming temperatures, the influence of steaming temperature (110 to 150 ℃) on the quality of cooked pseudo-ginseng under high pressure conditions was examined; comparative example 4, examples 4 to 7 and comparative example 5 are the preparation of cooked pseudo-ginseng samples with different moistening processes, and the influence of the moistening process (the moistening water addition amount is 0 to 130 percent) on the quality of the cooked pseudo-ginseng is examined; comparative examples 6 to 7, examples 8 to 11, and comparative example 8 were prepared for samples of cooked notoginseng of different steaming times, and the influence of steaming time (1 to 7 hours) on the quality of cooked notoginseng under high pressure conditions was examined; example 2, examples 12-13 and comparative example 9 are the preparation of samples of cooked pseudo-ginseng of different residence times, examining the effect of the intermediate residence time (3-60 min) on the quality of the cooked pseudo-ginseng; example 2, example 14 and comparative example 10 are prepared for cooked pseudo-ginseng samples with different heating rates, and the influence of the second heating rate (1.0-2.0 ℃/min) on the quality of the cooked pseudo-ginseng is examined; example 2 and examples 15-17 are for the preparation of cooked pseudo-ginseng samples with different drying temperatures, and the influence of the drying temperature (50-80 ℃) on the quality of the cooked pseudo-ginseng is examined. In examples 18 and 19, fresh panax notoginseng was directly steamed, and the influence of raw medicinal materials on the quality of cooked panax notoginseng was examined. The mature panax notoginseng sample prepared by the invention has obvious therapeutic effect on transgenic AD drosophila by adopting drosophila as a model organism evaluation.
As can be seen from Table 1, the drosophila melanogaster model group and the drosophila melanogaster blank group have obvious difference in climbing index, and after treatment by adopting a positive control drug (donepezil hydrochloride), the transgenic AD drosophila melanogaster is better in conversion, and the climbing index is improved; transgenic AD fruit flies are transformed better after all cured pseudo-ginseng samples in the administration group are treated, the climbing index is improved, but the cured pseudo-ginseng prepared under the pressure steaming condition (comparative example 2, examples 1-3 and comparative example 3) has better drug effect than the cured pseudo-ginseng prepared under the normal pressure steaming condition (comparative example 1), and the influence of different steaming temperatures under the pressure steaming condition on the quality of the cured pseudo-ginseng can be seen, the cured pseudo-ginseng samples prepared under the condition that the steaming temperature is 110-150 ℃ have remarkable treatment effect on the transgenic AD fruit flies, wherein the effect is more remarkable at 120-140 ℃; the influence of the moistening water addition amount (comparative example 4, examples 4-7 and comparative example 5) on the cooked pseudo-ginseng can be seen, along with the increase of the moistening water addition amount, the conversion speed of a large amount of saponins to rare saponins in the pseudo-ginseng steaming process is correspondingly increased, but the moistening water addition amount is not too high, so that the phenomena of stickiness, mildew and the like of medicinal materials can be caused by the excessive moistening water addition amount, and even the loss of effective components can be caused, so that the appearance and the internal quality of the prepared pseudo-ginseng decoction pieces are influenced; the influence of the steaming time of the cooked pseudo-ginseng (comparative examples 6-7, examples 8-11 and comparative example 8) on the quality of the cooked pseudo-ginseng can be seen, the cooked pseudo-ginseng sample prepared under the steaming condition of 1-7h has a remarkable treatment effect on transgenic AD drosophila, wherein the cooked pseudo-ginseng sample has a remarkable effect under the condition of 3-6 h; the influence of the intermediate retention time (example 2, examples 12 to 13 and comparative example 9) in the steaming process of the cooked pseudo-ginseng on the quality of the cooked pseudo-ginseng can be seen, the cooked pseudo-ginseng sample prepared under the condition of the retention time of 3 to 60min has a remarkable treatment effect on transgenic AD drosophila, wherein the cooked pseudo-ginseng sample has a remarkable effect under the condition of 3 to 10 min; the influence of the second temperature rise rate (example 2, example 14 and comparative example 10) on the quality of the cooked pseudo-ginseng can be seen, the cooked pseudo-ginseng sample prepared under the condition of the temperature rise rate of 1.0-2.0 ℃/min has a remarkable treatment effect on transgenic AD drosophila, wherein the cooked pseudo-ginseng sample has a very remarkable effect under the condition of 1.0-1.5 ℃/min; the influence of the drying temperature (example 2 and examples 15-17) of the cooked pseudo-ginseng after steaming on the quality of the cooked pseudo-ginseng can be seen, and the cooked pseudo-ginseng sample prepared under the condition of the drying temperature of 50-80 ℃ has a remarkable treatment effect on the transgenic AD fruit flies. The influence of the raw medicinal materials (example 18 and example 19) on the quality of the cooked pseudo-ginseng can be seen, and the cooked pseudo-ginseng steamed by the fresh pseudo-ginseng or the raw pseudo-ginseng has a remarkable treatment effect on the transgenic AD drosophila.
Claims (10)
1. A cooked pseudo-ginseng for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease is characterized by being prepared by the following steps: placing pseudo-ginseng in a high-pressure steam pot, uniformly heating to 100 ℃ at a speed of 1.2-3.0 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3-60min, then uniformly heating to 110-150 ℃ at a speed of 1.0-2.0 ℃/min, steaming for 1-6 hours, cooling after the steaming is finished, and drying to obtain the pseudo-ginseng.
2. The cooked pseudo-ginseng according to claim 1, which is prepared by the following method: placing the pseudo-ginseng in a high-pressure steam pot, raising the temperature to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 1.8-2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3-20min, then raising the temperature to 120-140 ℃ at the speed of 1.0-1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3-6 hours, cooling after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 40-60 ℃ and preserving the heat for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 50-80 ℃ to obtain the pseudo-ginseng.
3. The cooked pseudo-ginseng according to claim 1, which is prepared by the following method: placing the pseudo-ginseng in a high-pressure steam pot, raising the temperature to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at the speed of 2.0-2.4 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3-10min, then raising the temperature to 120-130 ℃ at the speed of 1.0-1.5 ℃/min, steaming for 3-5 hours, cooling after the steaming is finished, taking out the pseudo-ginseng after the temperature is reduced to 50-60 ℃ and preserving the heat for half an hour, cooling, and drying at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ to obtain the pseudo-ginseng.
4. The processed notoginseng according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the notoginseng may be raw notoginseng or fresh notoginseng, the raw notoginseng is subjected to a moistening treatment after being cleaned, and the water addition ratio thereof is 0.3 to 1.0 times of that of the raw notoginseng; fresh radix Notoginseng should be cleaned.
5. A cooked notoginseng preparation, characterized by comprising the cooked notoginseng or its extract according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
6. Use of the processed notoginseng according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the processed notoginseng according to claim 5 for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention and treatment of alzheimer's disease.
7. A preparation method of cooked pseudo-ginseng for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease is characterized by placing pseudo-ginseng in a high-pressure steam pot, raising the temperature to 100 ℃ at a constant speed of 1.2-3.0 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3-60min, then raising the temperature to 110-150 ℃ at a constant speed of 1.0-2.0 ℃/min, steaming for 1-6 hours, cooling after the steaming is finished, and drying to obtain the finished product.
8. The preparation method of cooked pseudo-ginseng as claimed in claim 7, wherein pseudo-ginseng is taken and placed in a high pressure steam boiler, the temperature is raised to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at a rate of 1.8-2.4 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 3-20min, then the temperature is raised to 120-140 ℃ at a rate of 1.0-1.5 ℃/min, the pseudo-ginseng is steamed for 3-6h, the pseudo-ginseng is cooled after the steaming is finished, the temperature is kept for half an hour after the temperature is lowered to 40-60 ℃, the pseudo-ginseng is taken out for cooling, and the pseudo-ginseng is dried at 50-80 ℃ to obtain the cooked pseudo-ginseng.
9. The method for preparing cooked notoginseng according to claim 7, wherein notoginseng is put into a high pressure steam cooker, heated to 100 ℃ at a constant speed at a rate of 2.0 to 2.4 ℃/min, kept for 3 to 10min, then heated to 120 to 130 ℃ at a rate of 1.0 to 1.5 ℃/min, steamed for 3 to 5 hours, cooled after the steaming is finished, cooled to 50 to 60 ℃, kept for half an hour, taken out, cooled, and dried at 50 to 70 ℃ to obtain the cooked notoginseng.
10. The method for preparing cooked notoginseng according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the notoginseng can be raw notoginseng or fresh notoginseng, the raw notoginseng is subjected to a moistening treatment after being cleaned, and the water ratio thereof is 0.3 to 1.0 times that of the raw notoginseng; fresh radix Notoginseng should be cleaned.
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