CN115642379A - Physical low-pass filter of fan low-frequency vibration sensor - Google Patents
Physical low-pass filter of fan low-frequency vibration sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN115642379A CN115642379A CN202211245890.3A CN202211245890A CN115642379A CN 115642379 A CN115642379 A CN 115642379A CN 202211245890 A CN202211245890 A CN 202211245890A CN 115642379 A CN115642379 A CN 115642379A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The invention relates to a physical low-pass filter of a low-frequency vibration sensor of a fan, which comprises: a housing and a natural rubber composition disposed within the housing; the housing is composed of an upper case and a lower case, and the physical low-pass filter is formed by integrally pressing the natural rubber composition. The invention can ensure the output signal of the sensor to be real and effective, solve the false alarm phenomenon of the acceleration fault of the fan, improve the safety of the unit and improve the generating capacity of the unit. The invention can be widely applied in the field of wind power.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power, in particular to a physical low-pass filter of a low-frequency vibration sensor of a fan.
Background
In fan failure judgment, the acceleration overrun fault is a fault which directly influences fan safety, the acceleration overrun fault frequently occurs in units of most whole plants, the acceleration overrun fault is not caused by high turbulence intensity of local wind resources in most time, but output signal distortion is caused by reasons of yaw disc friction, insufficient intensity of sensor installation positions and the like of the units, and then the fan is caused to overrun emergency shutdown due to vibration data, so that the service life of the fan and the generated energy are greatly influenced. In most cases, the output signal of the sensor is distorted due to the interference of external factors, and the distorted signal cannot be effectively restored in software, so that the set frequently gives false alarm to faults. How to ensure the authenticity of the output signal of the sensor becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a physical low-pass filter for a low-frequency vibration sensor of a wind turbine, which can ensure the output signal of the sensor to be real and effective, solve the false alarm phenomenon of the acceleration fault of the wind turbine, improve the safety of the wind turbine, and improve the power generation capacity of the wind turbine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a physical low pass filter of a wind turbine low frequency vibration sensor, comprising: a housing and a natural rubber composition disposed within the housing; the housing is composed of an upper housing and a lower housing, and the natural rubber composition is integrally pressed by the upper housing and the lower housing to form the physical low-pass filter.
Further, the upper shell and the lower shell are both made of aluminum alloy materials.
Further, the inner side surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell are provided with barb structures.
Further, the natural rubber composition has a cutoff frequency characteristic of 250 to 400Hz.
Further, the preparation method of the natural rubber composition comprises the following steps:
mixing natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, tire reclaimed rubber, stearic acid, zinc oxide, paraffin, an anti-aging agent, solid coumarone, rubber oil, carbon black, an accelerator and sulfur into a natural rubber material;
preparing a synthetic finished product from the synthetic natural rubber material according to a preset Shore hardness, wherein the cut-off frequency of the synthetic finished product is between 250 and 400Hz.
Further, the natural rubber material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60 parts of natural rubber, 30 parts of butadiene rubber, 10 parts of styrene-butadiene rubber, 10 parts of tire reclaimed rubber, 3 parts of stearic acid, 4.8 parts of zinc oxide, 1.2 parts of paraffin, 2.3 parts of anti-aging agent, 2.8 parts of solid coumarone, 6 parts of rubber oil, 47 parts of carbon black, 1.7 parts of accelerator, 1.2 parts of sulfur and 180 parts in total.
Further, the preset shore hardness is 67 ± 1.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, by adding low-cost equipment, the frequency of the fault of the unit false alarm acceleration is reduced, the operation efficiency and the generated energy profit of the unit are greatly improved, and the input-output ratio is high.
2. The invention can solve the problem of sensor signal output distortion caused by high-frequency interference of the unit at the lowest cost on the premise of not changing the performance of the sensor, and can not change the unit vibration value acquired by the sensor due to the addition of the product, and the problem of signal output distortion of a matched vibration sensor can be solved through verification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ADXL356 sensor configuration;
FIG. 2 is a plot of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of ADXL 356;
FIG. 3 is a frequency plot of yaw sound from normal to abnormal;
FIG. 4a is a time domain diagram of the unit dither
FIG. 4b is a frequency domain analysis of the high frequency vibration of the unit;
FIG. 5a is a diagram of a spectrum analysis of a physical low pass filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5b is a diagram of a physical low pass filter spectrum analysis in another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a physical low-pass filter in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The vibration sensor in the fan is generally a low-frequency acceleration sensor, the linear undamped response frequency range of the vibration sensor is generally lower than 200Hz, and the performances of different sensors are not consistent. The fan can generate high-frequency signals due to friction of other systems of the unit and the like, and the high-frequency signals have large side effects on a sensor analog amplifying circuit with poor performance, so that the phenomena of frequency, amplitude, phase distortion and the like of output data of the sensor occur, and the judgment of a fan control system on the safety of the fan is influenced.
Generally, an acceleration sensor is used for measuring a vibration value of a fan, and sensing equipment for detecting acceleration change in object displacement is divided into low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency according to a frequency range capable of being detected by the acceleration sensor, but the limit is not clear. The vibration sensor in the set is generally a low-frequency acceleration sensor, the linear undamped response frequency range of the vibration sensor is generally lower than 200Hz, and the performances of different sensors are not consistent.
If the amplifying circuit has different gain amplitudes for different frequency components of the signal, the output waveform will be distorted, which is called amplitude distortion; if the relative phase shift changes, it is referred to as phase distortion, both of which are collectively referred to as frequency distortion. The distortion occurring in the low frequency band is called low frequency distortion, and the distortion occurring in the high frequency band is called high frequency distortion.
Frequency distortion is caused by the linear reactive components of the circuit and is characterized by distortion of the output signal compared to the input signal, the generation of new frequency components in the output signal that are not present in the input signal, or the magnitude of the output signal being significantly different from the input signal.
The vibration detection requirements dictate the sensor performance requirements, with high performance sensors representing high cost, from a demand point of view forward design. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the linear response range of the ADXL356 chip manufactured by Analog Devices inc. (ADI for short) is defined as ± 3dB, so that the linear response range of the ADXL356 chip is 0 to 11.5kHz, and the linearity required by the wind turbine application is not less than 0.2% (the ratio of the deviation of the measurement signal to the actual signal is less than 0.2%), so that the linear response range is only about 0-500 Hz.
In data characteristics, the vibration value drifts away from a zero position in a single direction for a long time (namely 'zero drift') or returns to the zero position soon after being offset from the zero position, but the reverse vibration value does not exist (namely 'jump'). Normal vibration values, typically manifested as apparent oscillatory divergence or impact vibration, fluctuate many times above and below the zero position, similar to simple pendulum motion. Therefore, most data of the field false alarm unit with the acceleration exceeding limit are characterized as abnormal vibration data, and are not the possibility of fan control instability and impact vibration.
The phenomenon can be reproduced on site because friction between the brake pad and the brake disc is accompanied by high-frequency vibration and generates harsh noise in the yaw process, the high-frequency inhibition capability of the sensor is broken through, and the high-frequency distortion of the sensor is caused.
When the yaw is normal, the frequency components are concentrated between 500Hz and 2000Hz, the prominent frequencies are 1295Hz, 1728Hz and the like, but the maximum amplitude is far smaller than that when the yaw sound is abnormal, and the amplitude in the Z direction is maximum. In combination with the data analysis of the fault analysis and the comparative tests, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) The root cause of the fault of 'acceleration overrun' in the field is high-frequency distortion and data abnormity of the sensor caused by high-frequency vibration in the yaw process, and the secondary cause is insufficient high-frequency resistance of the sensor; 2) The sensors of different manufacturers have the problem of high-frequency distortion, the high-frequency distortion resisting capability of each manufacturer is different, the phenomena of high-frequency distortion are different, and zero drift distortion and oscillation distortion are common.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a physical low-pass filter of a low-frequency vibration sensor of a fan, which is designed in the most economical mode on the premise of not changing the configuration of the existing unit, so that the output signal of the sensor is ensured to be real and effective, the false alarm phenomenon of the acceleration fault of the fan is further solved, the safety of the unit is improved, and the generating capacity of the unit is improved.
In one embodiment of the invention, a physical low pass filter of a low frequency vibration sensor of a wind turbine is provided. In this embodiment, this physics low pass filter sets up in fan low frequency vibration sensor's signal input front portion, and the fan vibration signal that will wait to detect is handled the back through physics low pass filter, with the range that fan low frequency vibration sensor can normally work of high-frequency vibration composition signal attenuation, avoids appearing the high-frequency distortion. According to the invention, the physical low-pass filter is added in front of the signal input end of the fan low-frequency vibration sensor, so that the authenticity of the output signal of the fan low-frequency vibration sensor is effectively ensured, as shown in fig. 3 to 4 b.
As shown in fig. 6, the physical low-pass filter in the present embodiment includes: a housing and a natural rubber composition disposed within the housing. The housing is composed of an upper housing and a lower housing, and the upper housing and the lower housing press-fit a natural rubber composition into a single body to form a physical low-pass filter.
In the above embodiment, the upper shell and the lower shell of the housing are made of aluminum alloy material, and the inner side surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell have barb structures to prevent the natural rubber composition from separating from the aluminum alloy plate.
Two self-made structure aluminum alloy plates (with barb structures for preventing the rubber composition from being separated from the aluminum alloy plates) are adopted to press and condense the natural rubber composition in the upper shell and the lower shell together to form a final product.
In the embodiment, the natural rubber composition has a cut-off frequency characteristic of 250-400Hz, and the cut-off frequency is not only in the linear response interval of the fan low-frequency vibration sensor, but also far lower than the resonance frequency of the fan low-frequency vibration sensor and the abnormal vibration frequency generated by the unit, so that high-frequency information in an input signal can be effectively filtered, and the real vibration value of the unit acquired by the fan low-frequency vibration sensor is restored.
In the above examples, the preparation method of the natural rubber composition comprises the following steps:
1) Mixing natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, tire reclaimed rubber, stearic acid, zinc oxide, paraffin, an anti-aging agent, solid coumarone, rubber oil, carbon black, an accelerator and sulfur into a natural rubber material;
2) Preparing a synthetic finished product from the synthetic natural rubber material according to a preset Shore hardness, wherein the cut-off frequency of the synthetic finished product is between 250 and 400Hz.
In the step 1), in this embodiment, the preferable mixture ratio is: 60 parts of natural rubber, 30 parts of butadiene rubber, 10 parts of styrene butadiene rubber, 10 parts of tire reclaimed rubber, 3 parts of stearic acid, 4.8 parts of zinc oxide, 1.2 parts of paraffin, 2.3 parts of anti-aging agent, 2.8 parts of solid coumarone, 6 parts of rubber oil, 47 parts of carbon black, 1.7 parts of accelerator and 1.2 parts of sulfur, wherein the total amount is 180 parts.
In the step 2), the preset shore hardness is 67 ± 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for different types of vibration sensors (different from the physical/mechanical interfaces of the vibration sensors), the housing structure of the physical low-pass filter may be modified accordingly, and will not be described herein again, and the adaptation of individual components using the principle of the present invention is included in the scope of the present invention.
When the invention is used, through the sweep test of the CNAS laboratory, the product frequency spectrum is shown in fig. 5a and 5 b. Aiming at the phenomenon that the output signal of a sensor is distorted due to high-frequency interference generated by external factors of a low-frequency acceleration sensor configured in a wind power plant, the physical low-pass filter disclosed by the invention can ensure the output signal of the sensor to be real and reliable, reduce the fault rate of a unit and improve the generating capacity of the unit; the cut-off frequency of the product is changed by controlling the structural shape and material parameters of the product, the shape and structure of the product are mainly adjusted under the conditions of field practical application (conditions such as mechanical interfaces, the shape of a vibration sensor, operation and installation, space size and the like), the material hardness of the product is adjusted according to a mechanical mechanism, and after the mechanical interface, the vibration sensor, the operation and the installation, the space size and the like are combined, the cut-off frequency of the whole product is ensured to reach 250-400 Hz.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A physical low pass filter of a fan low frequency vibration sensor, comprising:
a housing and a natural rubber composition disposed within the housing;
the housing is composed of an upper housing and a lower housing, and the natural rubber composition is integrally pressed by the upper housing and the lower housing to form the physical low-pass filter.
2. The physical low pass filter for a low frequency vibration sensor of a wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein said upper housing and said lower housing are made of aluminum alloy.
3. The physical low pass filter of a low frequency vibration sensor of a blower as claimed in claim 2, wherein said inner side surfaces of said upper housing and said lower housing have a barb structure.
4. The physical low pass filter of a low frequency vibration sensor of a blower as claimed in claim 1 wherein said rubber composition has a cutoff frequency characteristic of 250 to 400Hz.
5. The physical low pass filter of a low frequency vibration sensor of a wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein said natural rubber composition is prepared by a method comprising:
mixing natural rubber, butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, tire reclaimed rubber, stearic acid, zinc oxide, paraffin, an anti-aging agent, solid coumarone, rubber oil, carbon black, an accelerator and sulfur into a natural rubber material;
preparing a synthetic finished product from the synthetic natural rubber material according to a preset Shore hardness, wherein the cut-off frequency of the synthetic finished product is between 250 and 400Hz.
6. The physical low-pass filter of the fan low-frequency vibration sensor as claimed in claim 5, wherein the natural rubber material is prepared from the following materials in percentage by weight: 60 parts of natural rubber, 30 parts of butadiene rubber, 10 parts of styrene butadiene rubber, 10 parts of tire reclaimed rubber, 3 parts of stearic acid, 4.8 parts of zinc oxide, 1.2 parts of paraffin, 2.3 parts of anti-aging agent, 2.8 parts of solid coumarone, 6 parts of rubber oil, 47 parts of carbon black, 1.7 parts of accelerator and 1.2 parts of sulfur, wherein the total amount is 180 parts.
7. The physical low pass filter of the low frequency vibration sensor of the wind turbine as claimed in claim 5, wherein the predetermined shore hardness is 67 ± 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211245890.3A CN115642379B (en) | 2022-10-12 | 2022-10-12 | Physical low-pass filter of fan low-frequency vibration sensor |
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| CN202211245890.3A CN115642379B (en) | 2022-10-12 | 2022-10-12 | Physical low-pass filter of fan low-frequency vibration sensor |
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| CN115642379B CN115642379B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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| CN102914359A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-02-06 | 江苏银佳企业集团有限公司 | Wind driven generator vibrator monitoring device and monitoring method |
| DE102011082995A1 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-03-21 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Arrangement for monitoring tower oscillation at wind power plant, has sensors arranged in common housing, and filter element filtering sensor signals such that frequency ranges detected by sensors do not overlap with each other |
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- 2022-10-12 CN CN202211245890.3A patent/CN115642379B/en active Active
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| JP2005065196A (en) * | 2003-08-20 | 2005-03-10 | Sony Corp | Filter, signal processor, signal processing method, recording medium, and program |
| CN1855458A (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2006-11-01 | 索尼株式会社 | Jet generating device and electronic apparatus |
| CN101614581A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2009-12-30 | 长沙全程数字机电科技有限公司 | Low-frequency structure vibration monitor |
| DE102011082995A1 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-03-21 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Arrangement for monitoring tower oscillation at wind power plant, has sensors arranged in common housing, and filter element filtering sensor signals such that frequency ranges detected by sensors do not overlap with each other |
| CN102914359A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-02-06 | 江苏银佳企业集团有限公司 | Wind driven generator vibrator monitoring device and monitoring method |
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