CN115642341A

CN115642341A - Automobile battery pack thermal runaway detection device and method based on optical fiber detection

Info

Publication number: CN115642341A
Application number: CN202211387468.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 庄远; 胡波; 娄越
Original assignee: Hefei Detefeisi Information Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hefei Detefeisi Information Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-07
Filing date: 2022-11-07
Publication date: 2023-01-24

Abstract

The invention provides an automobile battery pack thermal runaway detection device and method based on optical fiber detection. Automobile battery package thermal runaway detection device based on optic fibre is surveyed includes: a battery; the detection mechanism comprises a first optical fiber line, a plurality of optocoupler receivers and a second optical fiber line, the optocoupler receivers are arranged in the fixing mechanism, and two ends of the first optical fiber line and the second optical fiber line are respectively connected with the optocoupler receivers; the device and the method for detecting the thermal runaway of the automobile battery pack based on the optical fiber detection have the advantages of quickly and accurately determining the accurate position of the abnormal battery and timely radiating the abnormal battery.

Description

Automobile battery pack thermal runaway detection device and method based on optical fiber detection

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile battery packs, in particular to an automobile battery pack thermal runaway detection device and method based on optical fiber detection.

Background

The power battery can generate heat during operation and is controllable under normal conditions, but when the temperature of the battery is too high or the charging voltage is too high, chemical reactions inside the battery can occur successively to generate chain reactions, so that the internal pressure and the temperature of the battery are increased rapidly, and thermal runaway of the battery is further caused, so that combustion or explosion is caused, changes of external use and environmental problems are avoided, the heat generation reason is closely related to manufacturing materials and processes of the power battery, and the thermal runaway can be caused by problems of too long service time of the battery, uneven temperature of a battery pack, short circuit and the like.

When the battery pack works, the battery is usually detected by ultrasonic waves and optical fibers, but when the battery is detected by the optical fibers to be abnormal, the battery pack is difficult to specifically position to the abnormal battery pack, the abnormal specific abnormal part on the abnormal battery pack can not be determined, and when a certain battery breaks down, the battery can not be processed in time, so that the thermal runaway phenomenon of the whole battery pack is easily caused by the battery, and the safety of people around an automobile is not facilitated.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new device and method for detecting thermal runaway of an automobile battery pack based on optical fiber detection to solve the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automobile battery pack thermal runaway detection device and method based on optical fiber detection, which can quickly and accurately determine the accurate position of an abnormal battery and timely dissipate the heat of the abnormal battery.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an automobile battery pack thermal runaway detection device based on optical fiber detection, which comprises: a battery; the detection mechanism comprises a first optical fiber line, a plurality of optocoupler receivers and a second optical fiber line, the optocoupler receivers are arranged in the fixing mechanism, and two ends of the first optical fiber line and two ends of the second optical fiber line are respectively connected with the optocoupler receivers; the heat dissipation mechanism comprises a header pipe, a first communicating pipe, an installation pipe, a drain pipe, a second communicating pipe, a first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate and a second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate, the hollow second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate and the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate are respectively installed in the inner part and the two ends of the fixing mechanism, the header pipe is installed at the top end of the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate, the first communicating pipe and the plurality of second communicating pipes are respectively installed on the side wall of the header pipe, and the first communicating pipe is communicated with the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate; the drain pipe is installed at the bottom end of the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate, and the installation pipes are respectively installed on the side walls of the drain pipe and the second communication pipe; the adjusting mechanism is connected with the drain pipe and the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate; a blocking mechanism mounted inside the header pipe and the first communication pipe; the cooling mechanism comprises a connecting groove, a rubber sheet, a protrusion and an electromagnetic valve, the side wall of the second communicating pipe is installed on the electromagnetic valve, the side wall of the fixing mechanism is symmetrically provided with the connecting groove, the connecting groove and the side wall of the rubber sheet are respectively provided with the protrusion, and the rubber sheet is fixed in the fixing mechanism.

Preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises a box body, a box cover, a fixing seat, a fixing cylinder, a cylinder cover, a first spring and a bump, the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plates are symmetrically installed on the side wall of the box body, and the box cover is installed at the top end of the box body; the fixing seat is arranged in the box body, the side walls of the fixing seat are equidistantly provided with a plurality of the optocoupler receivers, the inside of the fixing seat is centrally provided with a second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate fixedly connected with the inside of the box body, the side walls of the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate are equidistantly and fixedly connected with a plurality of fixing cylinders and the first springs, and the batteries are placed in the fixing cylinders; the one end of a fixed section of thick bamboo with threaded connection between the cover, just the both ends of battery are contradicted respectively the cover with first spring, the cover is contradicted the lateral wall of first heat conduction silica gel baffle.

Preferably, the fixed cylinders are symmetrically provided with annular connecting grooves inside, and the connecting grooves inside the adjacent fixed cylinders are communicated with each other and communicated with the mounting pipe in the vertical direction; in the horizontal direction, the connecting grooves in the adjacent fixed cylinders are not communicated with each other.

Preferably, the detection mechanism further comprises a through hole, a plurality of through holes are formed in the center of the inner portion of the fixed cylinder, and the first optical fiber line and the second optical fiber line penetrate through the through holes.

Preferably, the through hole and the connecting groove are arranged in the fixed barrel in a staggered manner, and the first optical fiber line and the second optical fiber line are combined into a net structure on the side wall of the fixed barrel.

Preferably, the inside wall symmetry installation lateral wall of a fixed section of thick bamboo is curved the sheet rubber, the inside of a fixed section of thick bamboo with have elasticity the lateral wall of sheet rubber all is equipped with the hemisphere the lug, the lug is contradicted the lateral wall of battery.

Preferably, the adjusting mechanism comprises a fin radiator, a cylinder, a water pump, a piston, a second spring, a limiting block and a connecting pipe, wherein two ends of the fin radiator are respectively connected with the water drain pipe and the cylinder, the water pump is arranged in the cylinder, and two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected with the water pump and the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate; the inside sliding connection of barrel the piston, the internally mounted of barrel the stopper with the second spring, the stopper is contradicted the lateral wall of piston, just the both ends of second spring are contradicted respectively the piston with the barrel.

Preferably, the blocking mechanism comprises an electromagnetic rod, a magnetic block, a third spring, a magnetic rod, a fixed block and a fixed net, the electromagnetic rod is installed inside the main pipe, and the electromagnetic rod adsorbs the funnel-shaped magnetic block at one end; the interior installation of first connecting pipe fixed network and infundibulate the fixed block, the bottom symmetry slope installation of fixed block the magnetic pole, the magnetic pole adsorbs the magnetic path, the both ends of third spring are connected respectively the magnetic path with the fixed network.

Preferably, the top end of the fixed block is hemispherical, the minimum diameter of the magnetic block is smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the fixed block, and the fixed block is in sliding connection with the inside of the fixed block.

Preferably, the method for detecting the thermal runaway of the automobile battery pack based on the optical fiber detection comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: when the battery operates, a detection mechanism positioned in the fixing mechanism monitors the heat emitted by each battery, and transmits the temperature information of the battery to a central processing unit;

step two: when the surface temperature of the battery is lower than 10 ℃, the central processing unit closes the adjusting mechanism, so that the cooling liquid does not operate in the heat dissipation mechanism, and the heat dissipation of the battery is not required to be reduced; when the surface temperature of the battery is 10-30 ℃, the central processing unit operates to open the adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism operates to enable cooling liquid to circularly flow in the heat dissipation mechanism, and heat dissipated by the battery is absorbed by the circularly flowing cooling liquid through the heat-conducting silica gel partition plates at the top and the bottom of the battery to keep the normal operation of the battery; when the surface temperature of the battery is higher than 30 ℃, the central processing unit opens the heat dissipation mechanism and the temperature reduction mechanism, so that cooling liquid can rapidly operate in the temperature reduction mechanism and the heat dissipation mechanism, and refrigerating liquid flows on the side wall and two ends of the battery, so that heat dissipated by the battery can be rapidly taken away, and the operating temperature of the battery is prevented from being too high;

step three: when the detection mechanism detects that the temperature value of one battery is greater than or equal to 60 ℃ and lasts for more than 3 seconds, and the temperature rise of the highest temperature value of the battery is greater than or equal to 2 ℃ in 5 seconds, the central processing unit operates at the moment, the temperature reduction mechanisms of all the batteries except the battery are closed, a large amount of refrigerating fluid quickly enters the temperature reduction mechanisms around the battery, the volume and the flow rate of the cooling fluid around the battery are increased, the cooling fluid is concentrated to dissipate heat and reduce the temperature of the battery, and the probability of thermal runaway of the battery is reduced; when the temperature of the battery is reduced after the concentrated heat dissipation, the central processing unit operates to slowly recover the normal operation of the heat dissipation mechanism and the temperature reduction mechanism; when the temperature of the battery is not reduced through centralized heat dissipation but is rapidly increased, when the temperature of the surface of the battery is higher than 300 ℃, the surface of the cooling mechanism around the battery is burnt through, at the moment, a refrigerating fluid is contacted with the battery through the burnt through cooling mechanism, the cooling fluid is composed of a fluorinated liquid, the fluorinated liquid has good chemical inertia, electrical insulation performance, heat conductivity and unique low surface tension, the temperature of the surface of the battery is rapidly taken away after the battery is contacted by the fluorinated liquid, and the battery is wrapped by the fluorinated liquid to prevent the battery from spontaneous combustion, so that the probability of thermal runaway of the whole battery pack caused by thermal runaway of the single battery is reduced, the rapid spontaneous combustion of the whole battery pack is avoided, and the safety of the battery is improved; when one of the batteries is out of control due to heat, the batteries are subjected to concentrated heat dissipation, and the batteries are wrapped by cooling liquid when the temperature of the batteries is too high, so that the other batteries can be ensured to normally operate, the vehicle is prevented from losing power suddenly, and meanwhile, the central processing unit operates to enable the alarm in the vehicle to give an alarm to remind a driver of stopping the vehicle quickly and abandoning the vehicle.

Compared with the related technology, the device and the method for detecting the thermal runaway of the automobile battery pack based on the optical fiber detection have the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides an automobile battery pack thermal runaway detection device based on optical fiber detection, wherein in the operation process of a battery, a first optical fiber line and a second optical fiber line are combined into a net-shaped structure on the side wall of a fixed cylinder, the battery is positioned in the net-shaped structure, when heat is generated in the operation process of the battery, infrared spectrums emitted by the battery are received by the first optical fiber line and the second optical fiber line, the spectrum wavelengths are transmitted to an optical coupler receiver, the infrared wavelength radiated when the temperature of an object is higher is shorter, the infrared spectrum wavelength emitted by a normal battery pack is in a fixed range, and when the battery is heated or deformed, the infrared spectrum wavelength emitted by the battery pack changes; when the temperature of the battery changes, the wavelengths received by the first optical fiber line and the second optical fiber line are different, and the temperature of the surface of the battery is known according to the wavelengths received by the first optical fiber line and the second optical fiber line; when the surface temperature of the battery is 10-30 ℃, the central processing unit operates to turn on the water pump, the water pump operates to enable cooling liquid to circularly flow in the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate, the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate and the fin radiator, the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate and the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate are respectively arranged at the two ends of the battery, the heat conductivity of the heat-conducting silica gel is good, the heat emitted by the battery is absorbed by the circularly flowing cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid absorbing the heat enters the inside of the fin radiator to exchange heat with air and then is cooled to be contacted with the water pump again, so that the normal operation of the battery is maintained; when the surface temperature of the battery is higher than 30 ℃, the central processing unit opens the electromagnetic valve and the blocking mechanism, the blocking mechanism blocks cooling liquid from entering the inside of the first communicating pipe, so that most of the cooling liquid enters the inside of the connecting groove through the second communicating pipe and the mounting pipe, the battery is divided into multiple rows by the fixing mechanism, the cooling liquid flows in the inside of the connecting groove and contacts with the protrusions, the protrusions disturb the cooling liquid, the heat exchange effect of the cooling liquid is improved, the heat of the battery is quickly taken away, and the operation temperature of the battery is prevented from being too high; when the detection mechanism detects that the temperature value of one of the batteries is greater than or equal to 60 ℃ and lasts for more than 3 seconds, and the temperature rise of the highest temperature value of the battery is greater than or equal to 2 ℃ in 5 seconds, the wavelength received by the optical fiber wire closest to the battery is the largest, the wavelengths received by the optical fiber wires around the abnormal battery are changed, but the change strength is different, and according to the strength difference, the position of the abnormal battery and the abnormal part on the abnormal battery can be determined according to a three-point positioning method; the central processing unit operates at the moment, all the electromagnetic valves except the electromagnetic valve corresponding to the battery are closed, a large amount of refrigerating fluid quickly enters the connecting groove around the battery, the volume and the flow rate of cooling fluid around the battery are increased, the elasticity of the rubber sheets on two sides of the battery is better as the surface temperature of the battery is higher, the cooling fluid flowing inside the connecting groove extrudes the rubber sheets, the rubber sheets are gradually changed to be close to the battery, the distance between the cooling fluid and the battery is reduced, the heat dissipated by the battery conveniently enters the cooling fluid, the rubber sheets are close to the battery, the volume of the connecting groove around the battery at the moment is increased, the volume of the cooling fluid contained around the battery is maximized, the heat of the battery at the moment is further dissipated, the cooling fluid is concentrated on the battery at the moment, and the probability of thermal runaway of the battery is reduced; when the temperature of the battery is reduced after centralized heat dissipation, the central processing unit operates to ensure that the heat dissipation mechanism and the cooling mechanism slowly recover to normal operation; when the temperature of the battery is not reduced through centralized heat dissipation but is rapidly increased, when the temperature of the surface of the battery is higher than 300 ℃, the surface of the rubber sheet around the battery is burnt due to overhigh temperature, at the moment, a refrigerating fluid contacts the battery through the burnt rubber sheet, the cooling fluid consists of a fluorinated liquid, the fluorinated liquid has good chemical inertia, electrical insulation performance, heat conductivity and unique low surface tension, the temperature of the surface of the battery is rapidly taken away after the battery is contacted by the fluorinated liquid, and the battery is wrapped by the fluorinated liquid to prevent the battery from spontaneous combustion, so that the probability of thermal runaway of the whole battery pack caused by thermal runaway of a single battery is reduced, the rapid spontaneous combustion of the whole battery pack is avoided, and the safety of the battery is improved; when one of the batteries is out of control due to heat, the batteries are subjected to concentrated heat dissipation, and the batteries are wrapped by cooling liquid when the temperature of the batteries is too high, so that the other batteries can be ensured to normally operate, the vehicle is prevented from losing power suddenly, and meanwhile, the central processing unit operates to enable the alarm in the vehicle to give an alarm to remind a driver of stopping the vehicle quickly and abandoning the vehicle.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for detecting thermal runaway of a battery pack of an automobile based on optical fiber detection according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the internal structure of the fastening mechanism shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the internal structure of the case shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at A shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the inner structure of the fixed cylinder shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure shown at C in FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the fixed cylinder shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure provided by the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures: 1. the battery comprises a battery, 2, a detection mechanism, 21, a first optical fiber line, 22, an optical coupler receiver, 23, a through hole, 24, a second optical fiber line, 3, a fixing mechanism, 31, a box body, 32, a box cover, 33, a fixing seat, 34, a fixing barrel, 35, a barrel cover, 36, a first spring, 37, a bump, 4, an adjusting mechanism, 41, a fin radiator, 42, a barrel, 43, a water pump, 44, a piston, 45, a second spring, 46, a limiting block, 47, a connecting pipe, 5, a radiating mechanism, 51, a header pipe, 52, a first communicating pipe, 53, a mounting pipe, 54, a drain pipe, 55, a second communicating pipe, 56, a first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate, 57, a second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate, 6, a blocking mechanism, 61, an electromagnetic rod, 62, a magnetic block, 63, a third spring, 64, a magnetic rod, 65, a fixing block, 66, a fixing net, 7, a cooling mechanism, 71, a connecting groove, 73, a protrusion, 74 and an electromagnetic valve.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8 and fig. 9 in combination, wherein fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of an apparatus for detecting a thermal runaway of an automotive battery pack based on optical fiber detection according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a side view of the internal structure of the fastening mechanism shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a top view of the internal structure of the case shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at A shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 2; FIG. 6 is a front view of the inner structure of the fixed cylinder shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure shown at C in FIG. 2; FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the fixed cylinder shown in FIG. 1; fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure provided by the present invention. The car battery package thermal runaway detection device based on optical fiber detection includes: a battery 1; a fixing mechanism 3, the battery 1 is installed inside the fixing mechanism 3; the detection mechanism 2 comprises a first optical fiber line 21, an optocoupler receiver 22 and a second optical fiber line 24, the optocoupler receivers 22 are installed inside the fixing mechanism 3, and two ends of the first optical fiber line 21 and two ends of the second optical fiber line 24 are respectively connected with the optocoupler receivers 22; the heat dissipation mechanism 5 comprises a header pipe 51, a first communication pipe 52, an installation pipe 53, a drain pipe 54, a second communication pipe 55, a first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 56 and a second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 57, the inside and two ends of the fixing mechanism 3 are respectively provided with the hollow second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 57 and the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 56, the header pipe 51 is arranged at the top end of the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 57, the first communication pipe 52 and a plurality of second communication pipes 55 are respectively arranged on the side wall of the header pipe 51, and the first communication pipe 52 is communicated with the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 56; the drain pipe 54 is installed at the bottom end of the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 56, and the installation pipe 53 is installed on the side walls of the drain pipe 54 and the second communication pipe 55 respectively; the adjusting mechanism 4 is connected with the drain pipe 54 and the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 57; a blocking mechanism 6, wherein the blocking mechanism 6 is installed inside the main pipe 51 and the first communication pipe 52; cooling mechanism 7, cooling mechanism 7 includes connecting groove 71, sheet rubber 72, arch 73 and solenoid valve 74, the second is installed communicating pipe 55's lateral wall solenoid valve 74, fixed establishment 3's lateral wall symmetry is equipped with connecting groove 71, connecting groove 71 with the lateral wall of sheet rubber 72 is equipped with respectively arch 73, just sheet rubber 72 is fixed in fixed establishment 3's inside.

The fixing mechanism 3 comprises a box body 31, a box cover 32, a fixing seat 33, a fixing cylinder 34, a cylinder cover 35, a first spring 36 and a bump 37, wherein the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plates 56 are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the box body 31, and the box cover 32 is arranged at the top end of the box body 31; the fixing seat 33 is installed inside the box body 31, the plurality of optical coupler receivers 22 are installed on the side wall of the fixing seat 33 at equal intervals, the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 57 is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixing seat 33 in the middle, the plurality of fixing cylinders 34 and the first springs 36 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 57 at equal intervals, and the batteries 1 are placed inside the fixing cylinders 34; the one end of a fixed section of thick bamboo 34 with threaded connection between the cover 35, just conflict respectively at the both ends of battery 1 the cover 35 with first spring 36, the cover 35 is contradicted the lateral wall of first heat conduction silica gel baffle 56, for convenient will battery 1 is put into the inside of a fixed section of thick bamboo 34 uses the cover 35 will battery 1 is fixed the inside of a fixed section of thick bamboo 34 will every battery 1 all separates each other, improves the security that battery 1 used.

The fixed cylinders 34 are symmetrically provided with annular connecting grooves 71 inside, and in the vertical direction, the connecting grooves 71 inside the adjacent fixed cylinders 34 are communicated with each other, and the connecting grooves 71 are communicated with the mounting pipe 53; in order to arrange the batteries 1 and the fixed cylinders 34 in multiple rows in the vertical direction, when the batteries 1 are radiated, the cooling liquid moves from top to bottom in each row of the fixed cylinders 34 to radiate the batteries, and the connecting grooves 71 in the adjacent fixed cylinders 34 are not communicated with each other in the horizontal direction, so that the cooling liquid in each row is prevented from streaming mutually, and the batteries 1 in one row can be radiated in a centralized manner independently.

The detection mechanism 2 further comprises a through hole 23, a plurality of through holes 23 are formed in the fixed cylinder 34 in the center, the first optical fiber line 21 and the second optical fiber line 24 penetrate through the through holes 23, and infrared rays emitted by the battery 1 are received by the first optical fiber line 21 and the second optical fiber line 24 through the through holes 23; the through hole 23 and the connecting groove 71 are arranged in a staggered manner inside the fixed cylinder 34, so that the cooling liquid inside the connecting groove 71 is prevented from entering the through hole 23; and the first optical fiber 21 and the second optical fiber 24 are combined into a net structure on the side wall of the fixing cylinder 34, when the battery 1 is abnormal, the wavelength received by the optical fiber closest to the battery changes the largest, and the wavelengths received by the optical fibers around the abnormal battery change but the strength of the change is different, and according to the strength of the change, the position of the abnormal battery 1 and the abnormal part on the abnormal battery 1 can be determined according to a three-point positioning method.

The inside wall symmetry installation lateral wall of solid fixed cylinder 34 is curved sheet rubber 72, the inside of solid fixed cylinder 34 with have elasticity the lateral wall of sheet rubber 72 all is equipped with the hemisphere lug 37, lug 37 conflicts the lateral wall of battery 1, in order to make lug 37 will battery 1 jack-up is convenient for the heat that battery 1 gived off gets into the inside of solid fixed cylinder 34.

The adjusting mechanism 4 comprises a fin radiator 41, a cylinder 42, a water pump 43, a piston 44, a second spring 45, a limiting block 46 and a connecting pipe 47, wherein two ends of the fin radiator 41 are respectively connected with the water drain pipe 54 and the cylinder 42, the water pump 43 is installed inside the cylinder 42, and two ends of the connecting pipe 47 are respectively connected with the water pump 43 and the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 57; the inside sliding connection of barrel 42 piston 44, the internally mounted of barrel 42 stopper 46 with second spring 45, stopper 46 contradicts piston 44's lateral wall, just contradict respectively at the both ends of second spring 45 piston 44 with barrel 42, for the convenience water pump 43 function will pass through the coolant liquid after the heat dissipation of fin radiator 41 is carried and is got into connecting pipe 47 with the inside of second heat conduction silica gel baffle 57, just inside the barrel 42 second spring 45 is in compression state, in case when the inside coolant liquid volume of circulating line reduces, second spring 45 extension promotes piston 44 upward movement extrusion the inside coolant liquid of barrel 42 makes the coolant liquid in time supply the inside refrigerant liquid of pipeline.

The blocking mechanism 6 comprises an electromagnetic rod 61, a magnetic block 62, a third spring 63, a magnetic rod 64, a fixed block 65 and a fixed net 66, the electromagnetic rod 61 is installed inside the manifold 51, and the magnetic rod 61 adsorbs the magnetic block 62 with one funnel-shaped end; the internally mounted of first communicating pipe 52 fixed network 66 and infundibulate fixed block 65, the bottom symmetry slope installation of fixed block 65 magnetic pole 64, magnetic pole 64 adsorbs magnetic block 62, the both ends of third spring 63 are connected respectively magnetic block 62 with fixed network 66, the top of fixed block 65 is the hemisphere, just fixed block 65 with the inside sliding connection of fixed block 65, when the coolant liquid needs to get into when the inside of second communicating pipe 55, electromagnetic rod 61 loses magnetic force, the inside coolant liquid of house steward 51 upwards extrudees magnetic block 62, makes magnetic block 62 upward movement extrusion third spring 63, magnetic block 62 gets into the inside conflict of fixed block 65 magnetic pole 64, magnetic pole 64 conflicts and adsorbs magnetic block 62, will magnetic block 62 fixes the bottom of fixed block 65 to reduce the inside space size of fixed block 65, and the minimum diameter of magnetic block 62 is less than the minimum internal diameter of fixed block 65 avoids magnetic block 62 will fixed block 65 is totally closed, makes most coolant liquid get into the inside of second communicating pipe 55.

A thermal runaway detection device of an automobile battery pack based on optical fiber detection comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: when the battery 1 is in operation, the first optical fiber wire 21 and the second optical fiber wire 24 are combined into a net structure on the side wall of the fixing cylinder 34, the battery 1 is located inside the net structure, when the battery generates heat in the operation process, infrared rays emitted by the battery 1 are received by the first optical fiber wire 21 and the second optical fiber wire 24 through the through hole 23, and spectral wavelengths are transmitted to the optical coupler receiver 22, the wavelength of infrared rays radiated when the temperature of an object is higher is shorter, the wavelength of infrared spectra emitted by the battery 1 is in a normal range, and when the battery 1 is heated or deformed, the wavelength of infrared spectra emitted by the battery 1 is changed; when the temperature of the battery 1 changes, the wavelengths received by the first optical fiber line 21 and the second optical fiber line 24 are different, the temperature of the surface of the battery 1 is judged according to the wavelengths received by the first optical fiber line 21 and the second optical fiber line 24, and the optical coupler receiver 22 transmits the temperature information of the battery 1 to a central processing unit;

step two: when the surface temperature of the battery 1 is lower than 10 ℃, the central processing unit turns off the water pump 43 to prevent the cooling liquid from flowing, and the heat dissipation of the battery 1 is not required to be reduced; when the surface temperature of the battery 1 is 10-30 ℃, the central processing unit operates to turn on the water pump 43, the water pump 43 operates to enable the cooling liquid to circularly flow in the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 57, the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 56 and the fin radiator 41, the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 57 and the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate 56 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the battery 1, the heat conductivity of the heat-conducting silica gel is good, the heat emitted by the battery is absorbed by the circularly flowing cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid absorbing the heat enters the inside of the fin radiator 41 to exchange the heat with air and then is cooled to be contacted with the water pump again, so that the normal operation of the battery 1 is maintained;

when the temperature of the surface of the battery 1 is higher than 30 ℃, the cpu opens the electromagnetic valve 74, turns off the power supply to the electromagnetic rod 61, the electromagnetic rod 61 loses magnetic force, the coolant inside the header pipe 51 pushes the magnetic block 62 upwards, so that the magnetic block 62 moves upwards to push the third spring 63, the magnetic block 62 enters the inside of the fixed block 65 and abuts against the magnetic rod 64, the magnetic rod 64 abuts against and adsorbs the magnetic block 62, and the magnetic block 62 is fixed at the bottom end of the fixed block 65, so as to reduce the size of the gap inside the fixed block 65, and the minimum diameter of the magnetic block 62 is smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the fixed block 65, so that the magnetic block 62 is prevented from completely sealing the fixed block 65, and most of the coolant enters the inside of the second communicating pipe 55; the cooling liquid enters the inside of the connecting groove 71 through the mounting pipe 53, the batteries 1 and the fixed cylinders 34 are arranged in multiple rows in the vertical direction, so that the cooling liquid moves from top to bottom in each row of the fixed cylinders 34 to dissipate heat of the batteries, and the connecting grooves 71 in the adjacent fixed cylinders 34 are not communicated with each other in the horizontal direction, thereby avoiding the mutual series flow of the cooling liquid in each row; the cooling liquid flows in the connecting groove 71 and contacts with the protrusion 73, the protrusion 73 disturbs the cooling liquid, and the heat exchange effect of the cooling liquid is improved, so that the heat dissipated by the battery 1 is quickly taken away, and the operating temperature of the battery is prevented from being too high; therefore, according to the specific temperature of the surface of the battery 1, the battery 1 is radiated in different modes, so that the operation of the battery 1 is facilitated, and the service life of the battery is prolonged;

step three: when the detection mechanism 2 detects that the temperature value of one of the batteries 1 is greater than or equal to 60 ℃ and lasts for more than 3 seconds, and the temperature rise of the highest temperature value of the battery is greater than or equal to 2 ℃ in 5 seconds, the wavelength change received by the optical fiber wire closest to the battery 1 is the largest, and the wavelengths received by the optical fiber wires around the abnormal battery 2 are changed, but the change strength is different, and according to the strength difference, the position of the abnormal battery 1 and the abnormal part on the abnormal battery 2 can be determined according to a three-point positioning method; when the central processing unit operates, the electromagnetic valve 74 corresponding to the battery 1 is opened, and the other electromagnetic valves 74 are all closed, so that a large amount of refrigerant fluid quickly enters the connecting groove 71 around the battery 1, the volume and the flow rate of the refrigerant fluid around the battery 1 are increased, and the higher the surface temperature of the battery 1 is, the better the elasticity of the rubber sheets 72 at the two sides of the battery 1 is, the rubber sheets 72 are squeezed by the refrigerant fluid flowing inside the connecting groove 71, so that the rubber sheets 72 gradually become close to the battery 1, the distance between the refrigerant fluid and the battery 1 is reduced, the heat dissipated by the battery 1 can enter the refrigerant fluid, and at the moment that the rubber sheets 72 are close to the battery 1, the volume of the refrigerant fluid contained in the connecting groove 71 around the battery 1 is increased, so that the volume of the refrigerant fluid contained around the battery is the largest, the heat of the battery at this moment is further dissipated, the battery is intensively dissipated, so that the refrigerant fluid dissipates heat to the battery 1, and the probability of thermal runaway of the battery 1 is reduced; when the temperature of the battery 1 is reduced through centralized heat dissipation, the central processing unit operates to slowly recover the normal operation of the heat dissipation mechanism 5 and the temperature reduction mechanism 7; when the temperature of the battery 1 is not reduced through centralized heat dissipation but is rapidly increased, when the temperature of the surface of the battery 1 is higher than 300 ℃, the surface of the rubber sheet 72 around the battery 1 is burnt through due to overhigh temperature, at the moment, the refrigerant fluid is contacted with the battery 1 through the burnt rubber sheet 72, the coolant fluid consists of fluorinated fluid, the fluorinated fluid has good chemical inertness, electrical insulation performance, heat conductivity and unique low surface tension, the fluorinated fluid rapidly takes away the temperature of the surface of the battery 1 after contacting the battery 1, and the fluorinated fluid wraps the battery 1 to prevent the spontaneous combustion of the battery 1, so that the probability of the thermal runaway of the whole battery pack caused by the thermal runaway of the single battery 1 is reduced, the rapid spontaneous combustion of the whole battery pack is avoided, and the safety of the battery 1 is improved; when one of the batteries 1 is out of control due to heat, the batteries 1 are subjected to concentrated heat dissipation, and when the temperature of the battery 1 is too high, the battery 1 is wrapped by cooling liquid, so that the normal operation of the other batteries 1 is ensured, the vehicle is prevented from losing power suddenly, and meanwhile, the central processing unit operates to enable an alarm in the vehicle to give an alarm to remind a driver of stopping the vehicle quickly and abandoning the vehicle.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automobile battery package thermal runaway detection device based on optic fibre is surveyed which characterized in that includes:

a battery (1);

a fixing mechanism (3), wherein the battery (1) is installed inside the fixing mechanism (3);

the detection mechanism (2) comprises a first optical fiber line (21), a plurality of optical coupler receivers (22) and a second optical fiber line (24), the optical coupler receivers (22) are installed inside the fixing mechanism (3), and two ends of the first optical fiber line (21) and two ends of the second optical fiber line (24) are respectively connected with the optical coupler receivers (22);

the heat dissipation mechanism (5), the heat dissipation mechanism (5) comprises a header pipe (51), a first communication pipe (52), an installation pipe (53), a drain pipe (54), a second communication pipe (55), a first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate (56) and a second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate (57), the hollow second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate (57) and the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate (56) are respectively installed at the inner part and the two ends of the fixing mechanism (3), the header pipe (51) is installed at the top end of the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate (57), the first communication pipe (52) and a plurality of second communication pipes (55) are respectively installed on the side wall of the header pipe (51), and the first communication pipe (52) is communicated with the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate (56); the drain pipe (54) is installed at the bottom end of the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate (56), and the installation pipe (53) is installed on the side walls of the drain pipe (54) and the second communication pipe (55) respectively;

the adjusting mechanism (4), the adjusting mechanism (4) is connected with the drain pipe (54) and the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate (57);

a blocking mechanism (6), wherein the blocking mechanism (6) is installed inside the main pipe (51) and the first communication pipe (52);

cooling mechanism (7), cooling mechanism (7) are including spread groove (71), sheet rubber (72), arch (73) and solenoid valve (74), the lateral wall installation of second communicating pipe (55) solenoid valve (74), the lateral wall symmetry of fixed establishment (3) is equipped with spread groove (71), spread groove (71) with the lateral wall of sheet rubber (72) is equipped with respectively arch (73), just sheet rubber (72) are fixed in the inside of fixed establishment (3).

2. The device for detecting the thermal runaway of the automobile battery pack based on the optical fiber detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixing mechanism (3) comprises a box body (31), a box cover (32), a fixing seat (33), a fixing cylinder (34), a cylinder cover (35), a first spring (36) and a lug (37), the first heat-conducting silica gel partition plate (56) is symmetrically installed on the side wall of the box body (31), and the box cover (32) is installed at the top end of the box body (31); the fixing seat (33) is installed inside the box body (31), the side wall of the fixing seat (33) is equidistantly provided with a plurality of optical coupler receivers (22), the inside of the fixing seat (33) is centrally fixedly connected with the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate (57), the side wall of the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate (57) is equidistantly fixedly connected with a plurality of fixing cylinders (34) and the first springs (36), and the batteries (1) are placed inside the fixing cylinders (34); the one end of a fixed section of thick bamboo (34) with threaded connection between cover (35), just the both ends of battery (1) are contradicted respectively cover (35) with first spring (36), cover (35) are contradicted the lateral wall of first heat conduction silica gel baffle (56).

3. The device for detecting the thermal runaway of the automobile battery pack based on the optical fiber detection as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fixed cylinder (34) is symmetrically provided with the annular connecting grooves (71) at the inner part, in the vertical direction, the connecting grooves (71) at the inner parts of the adjacent fixed cylinders (34) are communicated with each other, and the connecting grooves (71) are communicated with the mounting pipe (53); in the horizontal direction, the connecting grooves (71) in the adjacent fixed cylinders (34) are not communicated with each other.

4. The device for detecting the thermal runaway of the battery pack of the automobile based on the optical fiber detection as claimed in claim 3, wherein the detection mechanism (2) further comprises a through hole (23), a plurality of the through holes (23) are formed in the center of the fixed barrel (34), and the first optical fiber line (21) and the second optical fiber line (24) penetrate through the through holes (23).

5. The device for detecting the thermal runaway of the battery pack of the automobile based on the optical fiber detection as claimed in claim 4, wherein the through hole (23) and the connecting groove (71) are arranged in a staggered manner in the interior of the fixed barrel (34), and the first optical fiber line (21) and the second optical fiber line (24) are combined into a net structure on the side wall of the fixed barrel (34).

6. The device for detecting the thermal runaway of the automobile battery pack based on the optical fiber detection as claimed in claim 5, wherein the rubber sheets (72) with arc-shaped side walls are symmetrically installed on the inner side walls of the fixed cylinder (34), the hemispherical bumps (37) are arranged inside the fixed cylinder (34) and on the side walls of the rubber sheets (72) with elasticity, and the bumps (37) are abutted against the side walls of the battery (1).

7. The device for detecting the thermal runaway of the automobile battery pack based on the optical fiber detection as claimed in claim 6, wherein the adjusting mechanism (4) comprises a fin radiator (41), a cylinder (42), a water pump (43), a piston (44), a second spring (45), a limiting block (46) and a connecting pipe (47), two ends of the fin radiator (41) are respectively connected with the water drain pipe (54) and the cylinder (42), the water pump (43) is installed inside the cylinder (42), and two ends of the connecting pipe (47) are respectively connected with the water pump (43) and the second heat-conducting silica gel partition plate (57); the inside sliding connection of barrel (42) piston (44), the internally mounted of barrel (42) stopper (46) with second spring (45), stopper (46) contradict the lateral wall of piston (44), just the both ends of second spring (45) are contradicted respectively piston (44) with barrel (42).

8. The device for detecting the thermal runaway of the automobile battery pack based on the optical fiber detection as claimed in claim 7, wherein the blocking mechanism (6) comprises an electromagnetic rod (61), a magnetic block (62), a third spring (63), a magnetic rod (64), a fixing block (65) and a fixing net (66), the electromagnetic rod (61) is mounted inside the header pipe (51), and the electromagnetic rod (61) adsorbs the magnetic block (62) with one funnel-shaped end; the internally mounted of first intercommunication pipe (52) fixed net (66) and infundibulate fixed block (65), the bottom symmetry slope installation of fixed block (65) magnetic pole (64), magnetic pole (64) adsorb magnetic block (62), the both ends of third spring (63) are connected respectively magnetic block (62) with fixed net (66).

9. The device for detecting the thermal runaway of the automobile battery pack based on the optical fiber detection as claimed in claim 8, wherein the top end of the fixing block (65) is hemispherical, the minimum diameter of the magnetic block (62) is smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the fixing block (65), and the fixing block (65) is slidably connected with the inside of the fixing block (65).

10. An automobile battery pack thermal runaway detection method based on optical fiber detection is used for the automobile battery pack thermal runaway detection device based on optical fiber detection as claimed in claim 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: when the battery (1) is operated, the first optical fiber line (21) and the second optical fiber line (24) are combined into a net structure on the side wall of the fixing cylinder (34), the battery (1) is positioned in the net structure, when heat is generated in the battery operation process, infrared rays emitted by the battery 1 are received by the first optical fiber line (21) and the second optical fiber line (24) through the through hole 23, spectral wavelengths are transmitted to the optical coupler receiver (22), the infrared wavelength of radiation is shorter as the temperature of an object is higher, the infrared spectral wavelength emitted by the normal battery (1) is in a fixed range, and when the battery (1) is heated or deformed, the infrared spectral wavelength emitted by the battery is changed; when the temperature of the battery (1) changes, the wavelengths received by the first optical fiber line (21) and the second optical fiber line (24) are different, the temperature of the surface of the battery (1) is judged according to the wavelengths received by the first optical fiber line (21) and the second optical fiber line (24), and the optical coupler receiver (22) transmits the temperature information of the battery (1) to a central processing unit;

step two: when the surface temperature of the battery (1) is lower than 10 ℃, the central processing unit closes the adjusting mechanism (4) to ensure that the cooling liquid does not operate in the heat dissipation mechanism (5), and the heat dissipation of the battery (1) is not required to be reduced; when the surface temperature of the battery (1) is 10-30 ℃, the central processing unit operates to open the adjusting mechanism (4), the adjusting mechanism (4) operates to enable cooling liquid to circularly flow in the heat dissipation mechanism (5), and heat dissipated by the battery (1) is absorbed by the circularly flowing cooling liquid through the heat-conducting silica gel partition plates at the top and the bottom of the battery (1) to keep the battery (1) normally operating; when the temperature of the surface of the battery (1) is higher than 30 ℃, the central processing unit opens the heat dissipation mechanism (5) and the temperature reduction mechanism (7), so that cooling liquid can rapidly operate in the temperature reduction mechanism (7) and the heat dissipation mechanism (5), and the cooling liquid flows on the side wall and two ends of the battery (1), thereby rapidly taking away the heat dissipated by the battery (1) and avoiding the overhigh operation temperature of the battery (1);

step three: when the detection mechanism (2) detects that the temperature value of one of the batteries (1) is greater than or equal to 60 ℃ and lasts for more than 3 seconds, and the temperature rise of the highest temperature value of the battery is greater than or equal to 2 ℃ in 5 seconds, the wavelength change of the optical fiber wire closest to the battery (1) is the largest, the wavelengths received by the optical fiber wires at the periphery of the abnormal battery (1) are changed but the change strengths are different, and the position of the abnormal battery (1) and the abnormal part on the abnormal battery (1) can be determined according to a three-point positioning method according to the difference in strength; the central processing unit operates at the moment, the cooling mechanisms (7) of all the batteries (1) except the battery (1) are closed, a large amount of refrigerating fluid quickly enters the cooling mechanisms (7) around the battery (1), the volume and the flow rate of the cooling fluid around the battery (1) are increased, the cooling fluid is concentrated to dissipate heat and cool the battery (1), and the probability of thermal runaway of the battery (1) is reduced; when the temperature of the battery (1) is reduced through centralized heat dissipation, the central processing unit operates to slowly recover the normal operation of the heat dissipation mechanism (5) and the temperature reduction mechanism (7); when the temperature of the battery (1) does not drop but rapidly rises after centralized heat dissipation, when the temperature of the surface of the battery (1) is higher than 300 ℃, the surface of the cooling mechanism (7) around the battery (1) is burnt through, at the moment, a refrigerant liquid contacts the battery (1) through the burnt through cooling mechanism (7), the refrigerant liquid consists of a fluorinated liquid, the fluorinated liquid has good chemical inertness, electrical insulation performance, heat conductivity and unique low surface tension, the temperature of the surface of the battery (1) is rapidly taken away after the battery (1) is contacted by the fluorinated liquid, and the fluorinated liquid wraps the battery (1) to prevent the battery (1) from spontaneous combustion, so that the probability of thermal runaway of the whole battery pack caused by thermal runaway of the single battery (1) is reduced, the rapid spontaneous combustion of the whole battery pack is avoided, and the safety of the battery (1) is improved; when one of the batteries (1) is out of control due to heat, the batteries (1) are subjected to concentrated heat dissipation, and the batteries (1) are wrapped by cooling liquid when the temperature of the batteries (1) is too high, so that the other batteries (1) are ensured to normally operate, the vehicle is prevented from losing power suddenly, and meanwhile, the central processing unit operates to enable the alarm in the vehicle to give an alarm to remind a driver to stop the vehicle quickly and abandon the vehicle.