CN115626838B - 一种高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖,属于硅砖技术领域。本发明提供的硅砖包括按质量份数计的以下组分:电熔石英80‑90份、超细硅微粉10‑20份及硅溶胶溶液3‑6份,其中电熔石英为将石英原料经1750摄氏度以上温度提纯至SiO2纯度大于等于99.9%后获得的。本发明提供的硅砖的制备工艺包括以下步骤:将上述的高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖的砖体原料经混合、成型、干燥、热处理及保温处理;其中热处理温度为700‑900℃,热处理时间为30‑45h,保温时间为4‑8h。本发明整体成分简单,无需额外添加其他的助剂,也无需在高温下烧结,且原料可以采用硅砖固废物,能够节省能源,且更加环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于硅砖技术领域,更具体地说,是涉及一种高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖及其制备工艺。
背景技术
硅砖,又称为耐火砖、石英砖,属酸性耐火材料,具有良好的抗酸性渣侵蚀的能力,荷重软化温度高达1640~1670℃,在高温下长期使用体积比较稳定。目前硅砖的生产中需要将石英原料与各种助剂混合后经1200℃以上的温度进行烧结,不仅烧结过程中耗费的能源巨大,而且制成的硅砖在高温环境中使用时存在一定的膨胀;同时,目前各种窑炉使用过的硅砖废料和生产过程中的不合格硅砖,通常会被作为固体废弃物进行填埋处理,造成资源浪费。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖及其制备工艺,以解决现有技术中存在的硅砖废弃后不利于环保且生产过程中需要高温烧制及容易产生膨胀的技术问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:提供一种高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖,其砖体包括按质量份数计的以下组分:电熔石英80-90份、超细硅微粉10-20份及硅溶胶溶液3-6份,其中电熔石英为将石英原料经1750摄氏度以上温度提纯至SiO2纯度大于等于99.9%后获得的。
进一步地,所述高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖还包括外包裹层,所述外包裹层包裹在所述砖体安装后的非外露面上,所述外包裹层包括按质量份数计的电熔石英80-90份、超细硅微粉10-20份、硅溶胶溶液3-6份及碳粒粉2-8份,并在富氧环境下经热处理而成。
进一步地,所述外包裹层厚度为0.5-8mm,所述碳粒粉的细度为20-150目,所述碳粒粉中碳含量大于等于99%;所述碳粒粉包括按质量份数计碳粉98-99份和羧甲基纤维素1-2份;所述电熔石英为废弃硅砖或不合格硅砖经电熔提纯后制得的。
本发明提供的高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖的有益效果在于:与现有技术相比,本发明的电熔石英经电熔提纯后与细硅微粉和硅溶胶溶液混合即可成型,且在700-900℃的条件下进行热处理后即可制成硅砖,可以采用废弃硅砖或不合格硅砖制作,有利于硅砖固废物的处理的同时,能够更容易地获得更为纯净的电熔石英,能够降低生产成本;而且整体成分简单,无需额外添加其他的助剂,也无需在高温下烧结,能够在保证品质的前提下,降低烧结中的能耗,而制成的硅砖中二氧化硅含量较高,且原料电熔石英经过了1750℃以上高温处理,在高温环境下具有良好的热震稳定性和耐侵蚀性,在1600℃及以上高温下不发生任何形变,长期使用不会对产品造成任何污染,更有利于降低生产成本和环保。本发明的硅砖能广泛用于冶金、化工、轻工业中,在冶金工业中主要用作连铸中的浸入式水口,焦炉中的炭化室等部位,在化工工业中主要用做玻璃熔窑的喧顶等部位,因其体积稳定性好,热震稳定性高,耐压强度高等特性,故容易制成大块,长期使用表面光滑不积碳,属环保节能高效产品。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:提供一种高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:将上述的高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖的砖体原料经混合、成型、干燥、热处理及保温处理;其中热处理温度为700-900℃,热处理时间为30-45h,保温时间为4-8h。
进一步地,在混合的步骤之前还包括:将石英原料经1750℃以上的温度提纯至SiO2纯度大于等于99.9%,制成电熔石英。
进一步地,所述石英原料为废弃硅砖或不合格硅砖。
进一步地,混合和成型的步骤包括:
将电熔石英80-90份、超细硅微粉10-20份及硅溶胶溶液3-6份混合均匀,通过成型机压制成芯材;再将电熔石英80-90份、超细硅微粉10-20份、硅溶胶溶液3-6份及碳粒粉2-8份混合均匀后,通过成型机压制在芯材外部形成外包裹层。
热处理的步骤包括:在进行热处理时向硅砖通入氧气,保持硅砖在富氧环境中进行热处理。
进一步地,所述富氧环境为氧气含量大于等于30%的环境。
进一步地,所述碳粒粉通过将按质量份数计碳粉98-99份和羧甲基纤维素1-2份经压结制粒并筛分后获得。
进一步地,在热处理时,使热处理温度在700-900℃之间循环,且循环周期为6-10h。
本发明提供的高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖的制备方法的有益效果在于:与现有技术相比,本发明电熔石英经电熔提纯后与细硅微粉和硅溶胶溶液混合即可成型,且在700-900℃的条件下进行热处理30-45h,并保温4-8h后即可制成硅砖,可以采用废弃硅砖或不合格硅砖制作,有利于硅砖固废物的处理的同时,能够更容易地获得更为纯净的电熔石英,能够降低生产成本;而且整体成分简单,无需额外添加其他的助剂,也无需在高温下烧结,能够在保证品质的前提下,降低烧结中的能耗,而制成的硅砖中二氧化硅含量较高,且原料电熔石英经过了1750℃以上高温处理,在高温环境下具有良好的热震稳定性和耐侵蚀性,在1600℃及以上高温下不发生任何形变,长期使用不会对产品造成任何污染,更有利于降低生产成本和环保。本发明的硅砖能广泛用于冶金、化工、轻工业中,在冶金工业中主要用作连铸中的浸入式水口,焦炉中的炭化室等部位,在化工工业中主要用做玻璃熔窑的喧顶等部位,因其体积稳定性好,热震稳定性高,耐压强度高等特性,故容易制成大块,长期使用表面光滑不积碳,属环保节能高效产品。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
现对本发明提供的高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖及其制备工艺进行说明。
本发明第一实施方式提供的高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖,其砖体包括按质量份数计的以下组分:电熔石英80-90份、超细硅微粉10-20份及硅溶胶溶液3-6份,其中电熔石英为将石英原料经1750摄氏度以上温度提纯至SiO2纯度大于等于99.9%后获得的。
进一步地,所述高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖还包括外包裹层,所述外包裹层包裹在所述砖体安装后的非外露面上,所述外包裹层包括按质量份数计的电熔石英80-90份、超细硅微粉10-20份、硅溶胶溶液3-6份及碳粒粉2-8份,并在富氧环境下经热处理而成。所述外包裹层厚度为0.5-8mm,所述碳粒粉的细度为20-150目,所述碳粒粉中碳含量大于等于99%;所述碳粒粉包括按质量份数计碳粉98-99份和羧甲基纤维素1-2份;所述电熔石英为废弃硅砖或不合格硅砖经电熔提纯后制得的。
其中,碳粒粉在富氧环境下经热处理后,碳元素与氧气反应生成一氧化碳或二氧化碳挥发,不会过多残留在硅砖中影响硅砖的品质,使得热处理后的外包裹层上形成孔洞结构,使得大量砌筑的硅砖在高温环境下发生的微小膨胀被孔洞结构抵消,从而不会因膨胀叠加导致砌体结构变形,真正实现整体结构的零膨胀;同时外包裹层上的孔洞结构使得硅砖表面产生微小的凹凸,在硅砖砌筑过程中能够增加相邻硅砖之间的摩擦,使得砌体结构更加稳固,并且在高温作用下,凹凸结构处如果存在空隙,由于热桥效应,该部位的温度会比较高,使得凹凸结构中的薄弱处软化,在压力的作用下,能够部分甚至全部填补空隙,避免产生热桥。
在一种具体实施例中,用来砌筑炉体的硅砖上,砖体两端外露,与其他硅砖接触的四个面中部设有所述外包裹层,砌筑炉体后,硅砖的裸露面均为光滑面,能够避免积灰。
本发明第二实施方式提供的高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖的制备工艺,包括以下步骤:将上述的高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖的砖体原料经混合、成型、干燥、热处理及保温处理;其中热处理温度为700-900℃,热处理时间为30-45h,保温时间为4-8h。
进一步地,在混合的步骤之前还包括:将石英原料经1750℃以上的温度提纯至SiO2纯度大于等于99.9%,制成电熔石英。所述石英原料为废弃硅砖或不合格硅砖,以更好地利用固废物。
为了制作外包裹层,混合和成型的步骤包括:
将电熔石英80-90份、超细硅微粉10-20份及硅溶胶溶液3-6份混合均匀,通过成型机压制成芯材;再将电熔石英80-90份、超细硅微粉10-20份、硅溶胶溶液3-6份及碳粒粉2-8份混合均匀后,通过成型机压制在芯材外部形成外包裹层。
热处理的步骤包括:在进行热处理时向硅砖通入氧气,保持硅砖在富氧环境中进行热处理。其中,所述富氧环境为氧气含量大于等于30%的环境。
所述碳粒粉通过将按质量份数计碳粉98-99份和羧甲基纤维素1-2份经压结制粒并筛分后获得。
在热处理时,使热处理温度在700-900℃之间循环,且循环周期为6-10h。
下面结合具体实施例进行详述。
实施例一:
原料采用高纯度块状板品硅石,技术指标为SiO2>99.8%,经水洗提纯后再经1750℃以上的高温电熔提纯生成电熔石英,电熔石英中SiO2>99.9%,取电熔石英80份、超细硅微粉20份、硅溶胶溶液3份混合均匀后压制成型并干燥,之后在750±50℃的温度下进行热处理45h,并保温8h,获得成品硅砖。
该硅砖的SiO2含量为99.9%,热膨胀系数1100℃测试为0.0012,热震稳定性为1100℃水冷90次,常温耐压强度为51MPa,荷重软化温度为1600℃。
实施例二:
原料采用水洗后的不合格硅砖碎块和废弃硅砖碎块,技术指标为SiO2>99.85%,经水洗提纯后再经1750℃以上的高温电熔提纯生成电熔石英,电熔石英中SiO2>99.99%,取电熔石英85份、超细硅微粉15份、硅溶胶溶液5份混合均匀后压制成型并干燥,之后在800±80℃的温度下进行热处理40h,并保温6h,获得成品硅砖。
该硅砖的SiO2含量为99.99%,1100℃热膨胀系数为0.0011,热震稳定性为1100℃水冷95次,常温耐压强度为52MPa,荷重软化温度为1700℃。
实施例三:
原料采用水洗后的不合格硅砖碎块和废弃硅砖碎块,技术指标为SiO2>99.85%,经水洗提纯后再经1750℃以上的高温电熔提纯生成电熔石英,电熔石英中SiO2>99.99%,取电熔石英90份、超细硅微粉10份、硅溶胶溶液6份混合均匀后压制成型并干燥,之后在800±80℃的温度下进行热处理40h,并保温5h,获得成品硅砖。
该硅砖的SiO2含量为99.99%,1100℃热膨胀系数为0.0009,热震稳定性为1100℃水冷95次,常温耐压强度为52MPa,荷重软化温度为1700℃。
实施例四:
原料采用水洗后的不合格硅砖碎块和废弃硅砖碎块,技术指标为SiO2>99.85%,经水洗提纯后再经1750℃以上的高温电熔提纯生成电熔石英,电熔石英中SiO2>99.99%,取电熔石英85份、超细硅微粉15份、硅溶胶溶液5份混合均匀后压制成砖坯,再取电熔石英85份、超细硅微粉15份、硅溶胶溶液5份、碳粒粉2-6份混合均匀后压制在砖坯外部,之后在800±80℃的温度下进行热处理40h,并保温6h,获得成品硅砖。
该硅砖的SiO2含量为99.98%,1100℃热膨胀系数为0.0011,热震稳定性为1100℃水冷95次,常温耐压强度为50MPa,荷重软化温度为1700℃。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖的制备工艺,其特征在于:
高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖包括砖体和外包裹层;
砖体包括按质量份数计的以下组分:
电熔石英80-90份、超细硅微粉10-20份及硅溶胶溶液3-6份,其中电熔石英为将石英原料经1750摄氏度以上温度提纯至SiO2纯度大于等于99.9%后获得的;所述石英原料为废弃硅砖或不合格硅砖;
所述外包裹层包裹在所述砖体安装后的非外露面上,所述外包裹层包括按质量份数计的电熔石英80-90份、超细硅微粉10-20份、硅溶胶溶液3-6份及碳粒粉2-8份,并在富氧环境下经热处理而成;
所述外包裹层厚度为0.5-8mm,所述碳粒粉的细度为20-150目,所述碳粒粉中碳含量大于等于99%;所述碳粒粉包括按质量份数计碳粉98-99份和羧甲基纤维素1-2份;
制备工艺包括以下步骤:
将所述的高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖的砖体原料经混合、成型、干燥、热处理及保温处理;其中热处理温度为700-900℃,热处理时间为30-45h,保温时间为4-8h;
混合和成型的步骤包括:将电熔石英80-90份、超细硅微粉10-20份及硅溶胶溶液3-6份混合均匀,通过成型机压制成芯材;再将电熔石英80-90份、超细硅微粉10-20份、硅溶胶溶液3-6份及碳粒粉2-8份混合均匀后,通过成型机压制在芯材外部形成外包裹层;
热处理的步骤包括:在进行热处理时向硅砖通入氧气,保持硅砖在富氧环境中进行热处理。
2.如权利要求1所述的高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖的制备工艺,其特征在于:所述富氧环境为氧气含量大于等于30%的环境。
3.如权利要求1所述的高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖的制备工艺,其特征在于:所述碳粒粉通过将按质量份数计碳粉98-99份和羧甲基纤维素1-2份经压结制粒并筛分后获得。
4.如权利要求1所述的高抗热震耐侵蚀零膨胀再生硅砖的制备工艺,其特征在于:在热处理时,使热处理温度在700-900℃之间循环,且循环周期为6-10h。
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