CN115612900A - Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229910007565 Zn—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical group [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910018569 Al—Zn—Mg—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017706 MgZn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018167 Al—Be Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000018199 S phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910009369 Zn Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
- C22B9/055—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ while the metal is circulating, e.g. combined with filtration
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention provides an Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy which comprises 1.5-2.1 wt% of Cu, 1.5-1.9 wt% of Mg, 7.2-7.8 wt% of Zn, 0.08-0.15 wt% of Zr and the balance of aluminum. According to the method, the standard value of the aluminum alloy is controlled, so that the aluminum alloy adopts medium Zn, high Mg and medium Cu, and finally, the strength and the toughness of the aluminum alloy are improved. The application also provides a preparation method of the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloys, in particular to an Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy is a heat-treatable strengthened alloy, has small density, high specific strength and better processing performance, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace and the like. With the rapid development of industry, different requirements are put forward on the performance of the aluminum alloy material, and the comprehensive performance, particularly the mechanical properties of strength and toughness of the aluminum alloy needs to be improved urgently.
In particular, the mechanical property indexes required to be achieved for the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu series aluminum alloy high-cylinder ring member are specifically shown in tables 1, 2 and 3;
TABLE 1 tensile Property index data sheet for Al-Zn-Mg-Cu series aluminum alloy high tube Ring
TABLE 2 forge piece fracture toughness index data table
TABLE 3 forge piece room temperature impact mechanical property index data table
Therefore, in order to satisfy the above performance indexes of aluminum alloys, it is very important to provide an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-based aluminum alloy and a method for producing the same.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy which has higher strength and toughness.
In view of the above, the present application provides an Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy comprising:
preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: less than or equal to 0.03wt% of Si, less than or equal to 0.05wt% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.04wt% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04wt% of Cr and less than or equal to 0.06wt% of Ti.
Preferably, the ratio of the Zn content to the Mg content is 4.19 to 4.20.
Preferably, the Zn content is 7.51wt%, the Mg content is 1.79wt%, the Cu content is 1.59wt%, and the Zr content is 0.12wt%.
The application also provides a preparation method of the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials according to the component proportion of the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy to obtain a mixture;
smelting the mixture to obtain a melt, and sequentially carrying out refining treatment, degassing purification treatment, filtering treatment, grain refinement and casting on the melt after element analysis to obtain an ingot;
and carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the cast ingot to obtain the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy.
Preferably, in the smelting process, the temperature of a hearth at the beginning of smelting is 1000-1100 ℃, the temperature of a melt is measured after the furnace burden is melted and stirred, and when the temperature of the melt reaches 710-730 ℃, the constant temperature of a converter hearth is 750-800 ℃;
and the melt is stirred again before the converter of the standing furnace from the smelting furnace, the temperature of the melt is 740 to 760 ℃ when the converter is used, and 0.2 to 0.4kg/t of Al-3Be intermediate alloy blocks and magnesium ingots or zinc ingots are uniformly added into the converter.
Preferably, the element analysis is carried out in a standing furnace, and the temperature of the standing furnace is 730-750 ℃; the refined medium is argon with the pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the flow of the argon is 400-600L/h/block.
Preferably, the medium for degassing and purifying is argon, the pressure of the working gas is 20-30 psi, and the pressure of the rotor N1: the gas flow is 4.5-7.8 m 3 The rotation speed is 550-650 rpm; a rotor N2: the gas flow is 1.0-2.0 m 3 The rotation speed is 200-300 rpm.
Preferably, the filtration treatment is performed using a single plate filtration apparatus with a filter plate rating of 50 to 70ppi and a melt temperature of 700 to 720 ℃.
Preferably, the homogenization heat treatment is a primary homogenization heat treatment and a secondary homogenization heat treatment which are sequentially performed, wherein the temperature of the primary homogenization heat treatment is 400-430 ℃, and the temperature of the secondary homogenization heat treatment is 450-480 ℃.
The application provides an Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy, which comprises 1.5-2.1 wt% of Cu, 1.5-1.9 wt% of Mg, 7.2-7.8 wt% of Zn, 0.08-0.15 wt% of Zr and the balance of aluminum. According to the method, the standard value of the aluminum alloy is controlled, so that the aluminum alloy adopts medium Zn, high Mg and medium Cu, and the strength and toughness of the aluminum alloy are improved.
Furthermore, the application provides a preparation method of the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy, during the preparation process, the steps are preferably accurately controlled and regulated, and finally the strength and the toughness of the aluminum alloy are favorably improved, so that the performance of the produced high-cylinder ring can meet or even exceed the standard requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isothermal cross-sectional view of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu phase diagram of aluminum alloys of the present invention with different Zn contents at 460 deg.C (Cu, mg contents 1-3 wt%);
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the variation of Zn-rich phase fraction in Al-Zn-1.5Mg-xCu with Cu content at 120 ℃ for the aluminum alloy of the present invention, wherein the left graph is eta (MgZn) 2 ) Phase, right panel is phase T;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the Zn-rich phase fraction in Al-xZn-Mg-2.0Cu and the Zn content in the aluminum alloy of the present invention at 120 ℃ with different Mg contents;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the Zn-rich phase fraction of Al-Zn-xMg-2.0Cu and Mg element in the aluminum alloy of the present invention at 120 ℃ with different Zn contents;
FIG. 5 is a sample schematic of an aluminum alloy prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following preferred embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the examples, but it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate the features and advantages of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims which follow.
In view of the performance requirements of the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy, the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy and the preparation method thereof are provided, and the strength and the toughness of the aluminum alloy are improved by adjusting the alloy components and the preparation method of the aluminum alloy. Specifically, the embodiment of the invention discloses an Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components:
in the aluminum alloy that this application provided, still include: less than or equal to 0.03 weight percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.05 weight percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.04 weight percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04 weight percent of Cr and less than or equal to 0.06 weight percent of Ti.
In order to improve the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy, the applicant adjusts and preferably selects the components of the aluminum alloy, and the specific process is as follows:
FIG. 1 is an isothermal cross-sectional view at 460 ℃ of a 7xxx series aluminum alloy having varying Cu and Mg contents with Zn contents of 7.0 wt.% and 8.0 wt.%, respectively; as can be seen from FIG. 1, the 7xxx aluminum alloys are mainly located at α (Al) + TAO (τ, hereinafter the same) + T (Al) 2 Mg 3 Zn 3 )、α(Al)+TAO+MgZn 2 、α(Al)+TAO+T+S(Al 2 CuMg) and α (Al) + T + S (Al) 2 CuMg) phase region; therefore, the second phases mainly present in the 7xxx aluminum alloys are the T phase, η phase, and S phase.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the evolution law of Zn-rich phase varying with the Cu element content at a Mg content of 1.5wt% under the conditions of a Zn content of 7.0wt% and a Zn content of 8.0 wt%; as can be seen from FIG. 2, when the Cu content is constant, the eta-phase fraction rapidly increases as the Zn content increases; for a fixed Zn content, the eta phase fraction shows a certain reduction trend along with the increase of the Cu content; when the Zn content is 7.0wt% and 8.0wt%, the T phase fraction increases linearly with the increase of the Cu content, and the increase of the T phase corresponds to the decrease of the eta phase. Although the η phase and the T phase are changed by the change of the Cu element, the fluctuation range is not large, and the influence of the Cu element on the Zn-rich phase is considered to be relatively small from the viewpoint of precipitation of the η phase and the T phase.
FIG. 3 shows the change rule of Zn-rich phase with Zn element under different Mg content conditions when the Cu element content is fixed to 2.0 wt%. In the figure, the solid mark is the variation rule of eta phase, and the hollow mark is the variation rule of T phase along with Zn element; as can be seen from FIG. 3, the eta and T phases have the same variation rule under different Mg content conditions; in the range of Zn content of 7.0-8.0 wt%, when Mg content is 1.5wt%, T phase is less and eta phase is more as Zn content is more; when the Mg content is 2.0wt%, the rules are equal; and higher Mg content corresponds to more T-phase and η -phase. Therefore, from a strength point of view, the alloy design should select a higher Mg content or Zn content to obtain more strengthening phases.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change of Zn-rich phase fraction with Mg element at a fixed Cu element content of 2.0 wt%; as can be seen from FIG. 4, when the Mg content is 1.5 to 1.8wt%, in the range of 7.0 to 8.0wt% of Zn content, the T phase gradually increases and the eta phase decreases with the increase of the Mg content, and this trade-off tends to occur.
In view of the above thermodynamic calculation, new alloy and comparative alloy components were designed, and a semi-continuous casting method was used to prepare a round ingot of phi 270mm, and the actual measurement results of the components are shown in table 4. The homogenization annealing system of the ingot is selected to be (465 +/-5 ℃/18 h) + (475 +/-3 ℃/18 h), and then the ingot is slowly cooled in the air; obtaining a forged blank with the diameter of 250 multiplied by 600mm after peeling and saw cutting; preheating the forging blank at 420 +/-10 ℃ for 4h, and then carrying out three times of multi-side forging on a free forging machine to finally obtain a square free forging product with the thickness of 445mm (length) multiplied by 300mm (width) multiplied by 220 mm. All of these alloy products were subjected to solution heat treatment and quenched by room temperature water immersion quenching, followed by strengthening and aging of the alloy products using the T74 system. The alloys were tested for yield strength, elongation, fracture toughness, stress corrosion resistance and spalling corrosion resistance according to the relevant test standards, and the results are shown in table 5.
TABLE 4 chemical composition of ingot (wt%)
| Alloy (I) | Zn | Mg | Cu | | Fe | Si | |
| 1# | 7.20 | 1.71 | 1.59 | 0.12 | <0.1 | <0.1 | |
| 2# | 7.51 | 1.79 | 1.59 | 0.12 | <0.1 | <0.1 | |
| 3# | 8.19 | 1.50 | 1.63 | 0.12 | <0.1 | <0.1 | |
| 4# | 8.40 | 1.98 | 1.29 | 0.12 | <0.1 | <0.1 |
TABLE 5 Properties of the laboratory preparation of alloy heavy forgings (T74 State)
As can be seen from Table 5, 1 is a comparative alloy # The alloy has the characteristics of low Zn, high Mg and medium Cu, the total content of main alloy elements of Zn, mg and Cu is relatively low, the fracture toughness of the alloy is good, but the strength level is obviously lower. The 2# alloy has the characteristics of 'middle Zn, high Mg and middle Cu', and compared with the 1# alloy, the strength is improved by about 40MPa on the basis of equivalent fracture toughness. The 3# alloy has the characteristics of high Zn, medium Mg and medium Cu, and compared with the 2# alloy, the strength and the fracture toughness are obviously reduced, which shows that when the Zn/Mg ratio is too high, the strength performance of the alloy cannot be further improved, but the fracture toughness value of the alloy is reduced. The 4# alloy as the comparative alloy has the characteristics of high Zn, high Mg and low Cu, and the fracture toughness of the alloy is also lower.
In the present application, the ratio of the Zn content to the Mg content is 4.19 to 4.20, in combination with the above analysis; more specifically, in the aluminum alloy, the content of Zn is 7.51wt%, the content of Mg is 1.79wt%, the content of Cu is 1.59wt%, and the content of Zr is 0.12wt%.
The application also provides a preparation method of the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials according to the component proportion of the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy to obtain a mixture;
smelting the mixture to obtain a melt, and sequentially carrying out refining treatment, degassing and purifying treatment, filtering treatment, grain refinement and casting on the melt after elemental analysis to obtain an ingot;
and carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the cast ingot to obtain the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy.
The application provides a preparation method of an Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy, which comprises the steps of firstly batching raw materials according to component proportions, selecting the raw materials according to raw material selection well known by the technical personnel in the field, specifically selecting a high-precision aluminum ingot, a master alloy, a pure metal or primary waste, and when the waste is adopted, using amount of the waste is not more than 60%.
According to the invention, the mixture obtained is then melted to obtain a melt; during smelting, zn ingots and Cu plates are placed on the middle upper layer during charging, al-Zr and the like are uniformly loaded on the upper layer of furnace burden, the Zn ingots can Be loaded along with the furnace burden or added in a diversion trench, and Mg ingots, al-Be intermediate alloys and the like are not loaded along with the furnace burden. In the smelting process, the temperature of a hearth is 1000-1100 ℃ when smelting is started, the temperature of a melt is measured after furnace burden leveling and stirring, and when the temperature of the melt reaches 710-730 ℃, the constant temperature of a converter hearth is 750-800 ℃; the melt is stirred again before the static furnace is rotated from the smelting furnace, the temperature of the melt is 740 to 760 ℃ when the furnace is rotated, and 0.2 to 0.4kg/t of Al-3Be intermediate alloy blocks and magnesium ingots or zinc ingots are uniformly added into the flow rotating groove. After the smelting, the obtained melt is subjected to stokehole analysis to detect whether the components of the elements meet the components of the prepared aluminum alloy; the element analysis is carried out in a standing furnace, and the temperature of the standing furnace is 730-750 ℃. The melt is refined, the refined medium is argon gas with the pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the flow of the argon gas is 400-600L/h/block.
This application then will obtain the fuse-element carry out the degasification purification, the medium that the degasification purified is argon gas, and working gas pressure is 20 ~ 30psi, rotor N1: the gas flow is 4.5-7.8 m 3 The rotation speed is 550-650 rpm; a rotor N2: the gas flow is 1.0-2.0 m 3 The rotation speed is 200-300 rpm. And then filtering the obtained melt by a single-stage plate type filtering device, wherein the grade of a filter plate is 50-70 ppi, and the temperature of the melt in the filtering process is 700-720 ℃. And then, carrying out online grain refinement on the melt, wherein the refiner is Al-3Ti-0.15C. The application then casts to obtain an ingot.
And finally, carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the cast ingot to obtain the aluminum alloy. The homogenization heat treatment is a primary homogenization heat treatment and a secondary homogenization heat treatment which are sequentially carried out, wherein the temperature of the primary homogenization heat treatment is 400-430 ℃, and the temperature of the secondary homogenization heat treatment is 450-480 ℃.
For further understanding of the present invention, the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu aluminum alloy and the method for producing the same provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Examples
1. Raw materials and ingredients
1) High-precision aluminum ingots, intermediate alloys or pure metals, primary waste materials and the like are used for preparing materials;
2) When the first-grade waste is adopted for burdening, the using amount is not more than 60 percent;
3) The batching elements and chemical components of the alloy are controlled according to the following table 6;
TABLE 6 composition data of aluminum alloys
2. Alloy charging and smelting
1) When smelting and charging, the Zn ingot and the Cu plate are placed on the middle upper layer, al-Zr is uniformly loaded on the furnace burden upper layer, the Zn ingot can Be loaded along with the furnace or added in a diversion trench, and the Mg ingot and the Al-Be intermediate alloy are not loaded along with the furnace burden;
2) The furnace chamber is set to 1050 ℃ when the alloy starts to be smelted, the temperature of the melt is measured after the furnace burden is melted and evenly stirred, when the temperature of the melt reaches 710-730 ℃, the furnace chamber is set to 760 ℃, and the melt is stirred by a rake in due time to prevent the melt from being locally overheated;
3) Thoroughly stirring the melt twice before converting the melt from the smelting furnace to the standing furnace, controlling the temperature of the melt at 740-760 ℃ during the converter, and uniformly adding 0.2-0.4 kg/t of Al-3Be master alloy blocks and Mg ingots or Zn ingots into a converting groove;
4) The whole process of charging raw materials and smelting alloy uses 2# fusing agent for protecting and covering;
3. standing furnace melt treatment
1) After the melt is transferred into a standing furnace, the melt is thoroughly stirred once and then is taken out of a furnace for rapid detection, the chemical components of the melt are adjusted according to the target value in the table 4 in the furnace according to the rapid analysis result, and the Ti content in the furnace is complemented to 0.015 percent;
2) When the material supplementing and diluting operation of the standing furnace is carried out, the intermediate alloy is applied except Mg and Zn elements, and the temperature is kept for more than 20 minutes after the material supplementing and diluting operation, and then the material supplementing and stirring operation is carried out once;
3) Controlling the temperature of the melt in the standing furnace to be 730-750 ℃ during stirring and sampling rapid analysis, controlling the temperature of the melt in the casting temperature range after component adjustment, thoroughly stirring and slagging off, and preparing for casting, wherein a No. 2 flux (46% of MgCl) is required to be sprayed into the furnace before and after slagging off 2 39% of KCl, 7% of BaCl 2 8% NaCl + CaCl 2 Mixed flux of (2);
4) The melt of the standing furnace is continuously refined by furnace bottom air bricks, the refining medium is argon, the pressure of the argon is 0.5MPa, the flow of the argon is 500L/h/block, and the temperature of the melt is in the casting temperature range; 4. in-line processing and casting
1) Degassing and purifying the melt on line by adopting an SNIF refining device, wherein the refining medium is argon, and the pressure of working gas is 25psi; a rotor N1: gas flow 5.0m 3 The rotation speed is 600rpm; a rotor N2: flow of gas1.5m 3 The rotation speed is 240rpm, and the set temperature of the melt is in a casting temperature range;
2) The melt is filtered on line by adopting a single-stage plate type filtering device, the grade of a filtering plate is 60ppi, the using fusion time of the filtering plate is not more than two fusion times, and the temperature range of the melt in the filtering device is controlled to be 700-720 ℃;
3) Continuously and uniformly adding Al-3Ti-0.15C into the melt by a launder on line for grain refinement, wherein the addition amount is 3.5kg/t;
4) The alloy square cast ingot adopts an automatic casting production mode of a casting machine, and the basic technological parameters during casting are controlled according to the specification of a table 7. The power of a heater or the opening and closing of a furnace cover and a runner cover can be controlled in the casting process, and the temperature of the horn nozzle is controlled within the process requirement range;
TABLE 7 data sheet of ingot casting parameters of the present example
5. On-line hydrogen measurement and sampling
1) The online liquid hydrogen measurement of the melt starts to be measured when the length of the melt is about 1000mm after each casting, the measurement position is at a chute section between a degassing device and a filtering device, the measurement is continuously carried out for four times, and the average value of the last three measurement data is taken as the liquid hydrogen content of the ingot;
2) Sampling the ingot casting finished product when the length of each casting is 1.2m, wherein the sampling position is at a launder section between a degassing device and a filtering device, and the analysis result of the obtained sample is regarded as the chemical composition of the casting finished product;
3) Other requirements are carried out according to Q/SWA JGY130800 management Specification for measuring hydrogen of aluminum and aluminum alloy melts and Q/SWA JGY130700 management Specification for semi-continuous casting of aluminum and aluminum alloy; 6. soaking treatment of ingot
1) The ingot soaking treatment and furnace charging are carried out when the furnace temperature is reduced to below 250 ℃, and thermocouples are required to be respectively arranged on the upper part of the hot end, the lower part of the hot end and the middle part of the cold end of the ingot;
2) Taking the temperature of the thermocouples arranged on the ingot as the metal temperature, starting to count the heat preservation time until the three thermocouples all enter the heat preservation temperature, and discharging from the furnace after the soaking heat preservation time is up for natural air cooling;
3) The specific process schedule of the homogenization heat treatment of the ingot is executed according to table 8;
TABLE 8 homogenization heat treatment data table of this example
7. Ingot processing detection
1) The head and tail sawing of the cast ingot is carried out after the homogenization heat treatment, the sawing length of the head and the tail is executed according to the specification of the usage of the product, and the specific length of the head and the tail sawing for different usage of the product is shown in a table 9;
TABLE 9 Length data sheet of different forgings
| Article of manufacture | Specification (mm) | Cutting pouring gate (mm) | Bottom cutting (mm) |
| Forging piece | 500×1320 | 350 | 450 |
2) Sawing off the head and the tail of the ingot, and then respectively cutting an oxide film test piece, a macroscopic test sample and the like to detect the macroscopic structure and the microstructure;
3) Processing the outer surface of the qualified cast ingot according to the size required by the task, wherein the depth of the processed tool mark is less than 0.5mm;
8. the cast ingot produced by the process is used for producing the high-cylinder ring piece, the performance of the produced high-cylinder ring piece can meet the standard requirement, and the specific performance is shown in tables 10-12;
TABLE 10 table of strength and elongation data for the aluminum alloys prepared in this example
TABLE 11 fracture toughness data Table for different locations of the aluminum alloy prepared in this example
TABLE 12 impact toughness data Table for different locations of the aluminum alloy prepared in this example
The 1-1 position and the 5-1 position in Table 12 are shown in detail in FIG. 5.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy comprising:
2. the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy according to claim 1, further comprising: less than or equal to 0.03 weight percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.05 weight percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.04 weight percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04 weight percent of Cr and less than or equal to 0.06 weight percent of Ti.
3. The Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of a content of Zn to a content of Mg is 4.19 to 4.20.
4. The Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the Zn content is 7.51 wt.%, the Mg content is 1.79 wt.%, the Cu content is 1.59 wt.%, and the Zr content is 0.12 wt.%.
5. The method for producing an Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
proportioning raw materials according to the composition ratio of the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy in the claim 1 to obtain a mixture;
smelting the mixture to obtain a melt, and sequentially carrying out refining treatment, degassing and purifying treatment, filtering treatment, grain refinement and casting on the melt after elemental analysis to obtain an ingot;
and carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the cast ingot to obtain the Al-Mg-Zn-Cu aluminum alloy.
6. The preparation method of claim 5, wherein in the smelting process, the temperature of a hearth at the beginning of smelting is 1000-1100 ℃, the temperature of the melt is measured after the furnace burden is melted and stirred, and when the temperature of the melt reaches 710-730 ℃, the constant temperature of the hearth is 750-800 ℃;
and the melt is stirred again before the converter of the standing furnace from the smelting furnace, the temperature of the melt is 740 to 760 ℃ when the converter is used, and 0.2 to 0.4kg/t of Al-3Be intermediate alloy blocks and magnesium ingots or zinc ingots are uniformly added into the converter.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the elemental analysis is performed in a still furnace having a temperature of 730 to 750 ℃; the refined medium is argon with the pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the flow of the argon is 400-600L/h/block.
8. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the degassing and purifying medium is argon gas, the pressure of the working gas is 20-30 psi, and the pressure of the rotor N1: the gas flow is 4.5-7.8 m 3 The rotation speed is 550-650 rpm; a rotor N2: the gas flow is 1.0-2.0 m 3 The rotation speed is 200-300 rpm.
9. The process according to claim 5, wherein the filtration treatment is carried out using a single plate filtration apparatus having a filter plate rating of 50 to 70ppi and a melt temperature of 700 to 720 ℃.
10. The method according to claim 5, wherein the homogenizing heat treatment comprises a primary homogenizing heat treatment and a secondary homogenizing heat treatment which are sequentially performed, wherein the temperature of the primary homogenizing heat treatment is 400-430 ℃, and the temperature of the secondary homogenizing heat treatment is 450-480 ℃.
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