CN115612221B - Polystyrene composite plastic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polystyrene composite plastic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polystyrene composite plastic and a preparation method thereof, wherein the polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85-95 parts of polystyrene resin, 15-25 parts of polystyrene amino compound, 12-30 parts of filler, 18-36 parts of flame retardant, 0.5-2.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 1.5-3.5 parts of light stabilizer; in the invention, the polystyrene resin material is subjected to composite improvement treatment, and the polystyrene amino compound is added as the modifier, so that compared with the traditional polystyrene material without the modifier, the solvent resistance, high temperature resistance and ageing resistance of the polystyrene are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of polystyrene materials, in particular to polystyrene composite plastic and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Polystyrene is a polymer formed by free radical addition polymerization of polystyrene monomers, is usually an amorphous random polymer, has excellent heat insulation, insulation and transparency, and is one of five common engineering plastics with long-term use temperature of 0-70 ℃. Among them, high Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) is excellent in performance and has wide application in television housings.
However, polystyrene has poor high temperature resistance, softening temperature of 80 ℃ and becomes a softer object above 80 ℃, and can be used only at low temperature; poor aging resistance, gradual yellowing after long-term placement under sunlight, devitrification and crack occurrence; poor resistance to chemical reagents and often causes discoloration after contacting solvents such as oils. Therefore, there is a need to modify polystyrene to enhance its high temperature resistance, aging resistance, and chemical resistance to be used in more demanding scenarios.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide polystyrene composite plastic and a preparation method thereof.
The aim of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a polystyrene composite plastic, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
85-95 parts of polystyrene resin, 15-25 parts of polystyrene amino compound, 12-30 parts of filler, 18-36 parts of flame retardant, 0.5-2.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 1.5-3.5 parts of light stabilizer.
Preferably, the polystyrene resin has CAS number: 9003-70-7, purity: BR, density: 1.06g/mL (25 ℃ C.), weight average molecular weight: 3X 10 5 。
Preferably, the particle size of the polyaniline-based compound is 10-30 μm.
Preferably, the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of nitropolystyrene: treating the swelled polystyrene resin by using an acetic anhydride/nitric acid system to obtain nitropolystyrene;
(2) Preparation of aminopolystyrene: catalytic reduction is carried out on the basis of the nitropolystyrene prepared in the step (1), so that the aminopolystyrene is prepared;
(3) Preparation of a polystyreneimine compound: and (3) performing condensation reaction treatment on the aminopolystyrene prepared in the step (2) and the epoxidized soybean oil to prepare the polystyrene amino compound.
Preferably, the filler is a mixture of silica powder, titania powder and alumina fibers; the mass ratio of the mixture of the silicon dioxide powder, the titanium dioxide powder and the alumina fiber is (1-5): (1-5): (2-6); the particle size of the silica powder and the titania powder is 300-500nm, the diameter of the alumina fiber is 300-500nm, and the length is 2-6 μm.
Preferably, the flame retardant is a phosphorus flame retardant, and comprises at least one of triphenyl phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hypophosphite and diethyl aluminum phosphinate.
Preferably, the heat stabilizer is an organotin stabilizer comprising at least one of dioctyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dilaurate, methyl tin mercaptide and octyl tin mercaptide.
Preferably, the light stabilizer is a hindered amine light stabilizer, including one of light stabilizer 622, light stabilizer 770, light stabilizer 292.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the polystyreneimine compound, the process for preparing the nitropolystyrene is as follows:
soaking polystyrene resin in chloroform, standing for 6-10h at room temperature under shading, then dripping acetic anhydride, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2h to obtain polystyrene mixed solution;
placing the polystyrene mixed solution in a flask, placing the flask in an ice-water bath, dropwise adding nitric acid, continuously stirring, dropwise adding nitric acid within half an hour, heating to 45-55 ℃, continuously stirring for 3-6 hours, decompressing to remove the solvent, obtaining a solid, sequentially performing water washing and alcohol washing for three times, and drying to obtain the nitropolystyrene.
Preferably, in the process of preparing the nitropolystyrene, the solid-to-liquid ratio of acetic anhydride, polystyrene resin and chloroform is (50-60) mL: (15-25) g: (100-200) mL.
Preferably, in the process of preparing the nitropolystyrene, the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 65%, and the ratio of the dropping volume of the nitric acid to the volume of the polystyrene mixed solution is (15-20) mL: (150-200) mL.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound, the process for preparing the amino polystyrene is as follows:
mixing nitropolystyrene and absolute ethyl alcohol in a flask, mechanically dispersing uniformly, adding stannous chloride, heating to 80-90 ℃, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid, keeping temperature, stirring and refluxing for 20-30h, cooling to normal temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering out solid, washing with distilled water to neutrality, washing with sodium hydroxide solution for three times, washing with distilled water to neutrality, and drying to obtain the amino polystyrene.
Preferably, in the process of preparing the aminopolystyrene, the mass fraction of hydrochloric acid is 20%, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of stannous chloride, nitropolystyrene, hydrochloric acid and absolute ethyl alcohol is (120-140) g: (15-25) g: (150-180) mL: (150-180) mL.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the polyaniline-based compound, the process for preparing the polyaniline-based compound is as follows:
uniformly mixing aminopolystyrene and N, N-dimethylformamide, placing in a reaction vessel, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, adding trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, adding epoxidized soybean oil, heating to 90-110 ℃, stirring for reaction for 4-6h, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, sequentially performing water washing and alcohol washing for three times, drying, and crushing to obtain the polyaniline-based compound.
Preferably, in the process for preparing the polystyreneimine compound, the solid-to-liquid ratio of aminopolystyrene, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, epoxidized soybean oil and N, N-dimethylformamide is (15-25) g: (0.5-1.2) mL: (24-32) mL: (200-250) mL.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing polystyrene composite plastic, comprising:
step 1, mixing polystyrene resin and a polystyrene amino compound into a stirrer, heating to 180-200 ℃, wherein the mixing speed is 500-1000rpm, and the mixing time is 10-20min;
step 2, sequentially adding the filler, the flame retardant, the heat stabilizer and the light stabilizer into the stirrer in the step 1, and continuously mixing for 10-20min;
and 3, extruding the mixture obtained in the step 2 through a double-screw extruder, wherein the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 60-80r/min, the length-diameter ratio is 25-35:1, the temperature range is 195-245 ℃, and forming to obtain the polystyrene composite plastic.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the polystyrene composite plastic is prepared by mixing polystyrene resin with other raw materials, and comprises a modifier polystyrene amino compound, a filler, a flame retardant, a heat stabilizer and a light stabilizer, wherein the prepared polystyrene composite material has better high temperature resistance, ageing resistance and chemical reagent resistance compared with the traditional polystyrene plastic.
2. In the invention, the polystyrene resin material is subjected to composite improvement treatment, and the polystyrene amino compound is added as the modifier, so that compared with the traditional polystyrene material without the modifier, the solvent resistance, high temperature resistance and ageing resistance of the polystyrene are improved.
3. The modifier of the invention, namely the polystyreneimino compound, is obtained by reaction grafting on the basis of polystyrene, and the whole process comprises the following steps: polystyrene- & gt nitration- & gt amination- & gt combination with epoxidized soybean oil- & gt product modifier. The reaction process is as follows: swelling polystyrene resin in chloroform, treating the polystyrene resin by using an acetic anhydride/nitric acid system to obtain nitropolystyrene, carrying out reduction reaction under the condition of stannous chloride/concentrated hydrochloric acid/ethanol to obtain aminopolystyrene, and finally carrying out combination reaction with epoxidized soybean oil under the action of a Lewis acid catalyst trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to obtain a polyaniline-based compound.
4. In the invention, the epoxy soybean oil which is a bio-based plasticizer containing epoxy groups is used for combining and reacting with polystyrene to prepare the polystyrene amino compound, and the compound is not a mixture obtained by simply mixing the epoxy soybean oil with the polystyrene, but a compound formed by grafting the epoxy soybean oil with the polystyrene by utilizing the reaction and the combination of groups. The epoxidized soybean oil (namely, epoxidized triglyceride; CAS:8013-07-8; purity is more than or equal to 99%) is used as an environment-friendly and nontoxic plasticizer, has excellent heat resistance, light resistance and compatibility, and the epoxy groups on molecules of the epoxidized soybean oil are combined with amino groups in the aminopolystyrene to react.
Detailed Description
The technical features, objects and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description of the technical aspects of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
The starting materials, reagents or apparatus used in the following examples are all available from conventional commercial sources or may be obtained by methods known in the art unless otherwise specified.
In the present invention, washing with water means washing with distilled water, and washing with alcohol means washing with absolute ethanol.
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following components in parts by weight:
90 parts of polystyrene resin, 20 parts of a polystyrene amino compound, 12 parts of filler, 27 parts of flame retardant, 1.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 2.5 parts of light stabilizer.
CAS number of the polystyrene resin: 9003-70-7, purity: BR, density: 1.06g/mL (25 ℃ C.), weight average molecular weight: 3X 10 5 。
The particle size of the polyaniline-based compound is 10-30 mu m.
The filler is a mixture of silicon dioxide powder, titanium dioxide powder and alumina fibers; the mass ratio of the mixture of the silicon dioxide powder, the titanium dioxide powder and the alumina fiber is 3:2:2; the particle size of the silica powder and the titania powder is 300-500nm, the diameter of the alumina fiber is 300-500nm, and the length is 2-6 μm.
The flame retardant is triphenyl phosphate; the heat stabilizer is dioctyltin dilaurate. The light stabilizer is light stabilizer 622; the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of nitropolystyrene:
soaking polystyrene resin in chloroform, standing for 6-10h at room temperature under shading, then dripping acetic anhydride, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2h to obtain polystyrene mixed solution; wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of acetic anhydride, polystyrene resin and chloroform is 55mL:20g:150mL;
placing the polystyrene mixed solution in a flask, placing the flask in an ice-water bath, dropwise adding nitric acid, continuously stirring, dropwise adding nitric acid within half an hour, heating to 50 ℃, continuously stirring for 4 hours, decompressing to remove the solvent to obtain a solid, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times, and drying to obtain the nitropolystyrene; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 65%, and the ratio of the dropping volume of the nitric acid to the volume of the polystyrene mixed solution is 15mL:150mL.
(2) Preparation of aminopolystyrene:
mixing nitropolystyrene and absolute ethyl alcohol in a flask, mechanically dispersing uniformly, adding stannous chloride, heating to 85 ℃, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid, keeping temperature, stirring and refluxing for 25 hours, cooling to normal temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering out solids, washing with distilled water to be neutral, washing with sodium hydroxide solution for three times, washing with distilled water to be neutral, and drying to obtain aminopolystyrene; wherein the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid is 20%, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of stannous chloride, nitropolystyrene, hydrochloric acid and absolute ethyl alcohol is 130g:20g:165mL:165mL.
(3) Preparation of a polystyreneimine compound:
uniformly mixing aminopolystyrene and N, N-dimethylformamide, placing the mixture in a reaction vessel, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, adding trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, adding epoxidized soybean oil, heating to 100 ℃, stirring and reacting for 5 hours, decompressing and removing the solvent, sequentially performing water washing and alcohol washing for three times, drying and crushing to obtain a polyaniline-based compound; wherein, in the process of preparing the polystyrene amino compound, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the amino polystyrene, the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, the epoxidized soybean oil and the N, N-dimethylformamide is 20g:0.8mL:28mL:200mL.
The preparation method of the medium polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing polystyrene resin and a polystyrene amino compound into a stirrer, heating to 200 ℃, and mixing for 15min;
step 2, sequentially adding the filler, the flame retardant, the heat stabilizer and the light stabilizer into the stirrer in the step 1, and continuously mixing for 15min;
and 3, extruding the mixture obtained in the step 2 through a double-screw extruder, wherein the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 70r/min, the length-diameter ratio is 30:1, the temperature range is 195-245 ℃, and forming to obtain the polystyrene composite plastic.
Example 2
The polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following components in parts by weight:
85 parts of polystyrene resin, 15 parts of a polystyrene amino compound, 18 parts of filler, 18 parts of flame retardant, 0.5 part of heat stabilizer and 1.5 parts of light stabilizer.
CAS number of the polystyrene resin: 9003-70-7, purity: BR, density: 1.06g/mL (25 ℃ C.), weight average molecular weight: 3X 10 5 。
The particle size of the polyaniline-based compound is 10-30 mu m.
The filler is a mixture of silicon dioxide powder, titanium dioxide powder and alumina fibers; the mass ratio of the mixture of the silicon dioxide powder, the titanium dioxide powder and the alumina fiber is 5:5:6, preparing a base material; the particle size of the silica powder and the titania powder is 300-500nm, the diameter of the alumina fiber is 300-500nm, and the length is 2-6 μm.
The flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate; the heat stabilizer is dibutyl tin dilaurate; the light stabilizer is light stabilizer 770.
The preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of nitropolystyrene:
soaking polystyrene resin in chloroform, standing for 6 hours at room temperature under shading, then dripping acetic anhydride, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours to obtain polystyrene mixed solution; wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of acetic anhydride, polystyrene resin and chloroform is 50mL:15g:100mL;
placing the polystyrene mixed solution in a flask, placing the flask in an ice-water bath, dropwise adding nitric acid, continuously stirring, dropwise adding nitric acid within half an hour, heating to 45 ℃, continuously stirring for 6 hours, decompressing to remove the solvent to obtain a solid, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times, and drying to obtain the nitropolystyrene; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 65%, and the ratio of the dropping volume of the nitric acid to the volume of the polystyrene mixed solution is 15mL:200mL.
(2) Preparation of aminopolystyrene:
mixing nitropolystyrene and absolute ethyl alcohol in a flask, mechanically dispersing uniformly, adding stannous chloride, heating to 80 ℃, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid, keeping temperature, stirring and refluxing for 30 hours, cooling to normal temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering out solids, washing with distilled water to be neutral, washing with sodium hydroxide solution for three times, washing with distilled water to be neutral, and drying to obtain aminopolystyrene; wherein the mass fraction of hydrochloric acid is 20%, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of stannous chloride, nitropolystyrene, hydrochloric acid and absolute ethyl alcohol is 120g:15g:150mL:150mL.
(3) Preparation of a polystyreneimine compound:
uniformly mixing aminopolystyrene and N, N-dimethylformamide, placing the mixture in a reaction vessel, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, adding trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, adding epoxidized soybean oil, heating to 90 ℃, stirring for reaction for 6 hours, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, sequentially performing water washing and alcohol washing for three times, drying and crushing to obtain a polyaniline-based compound; wherein, in the process of preparing the polystyrene amino compound, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the amino polystyrene, the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, the epoxidized soybean oil and the N, N-dimethylformamide is 15g:0.5mL:24mL:200mL.
The preparation method of the medium polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing polystyrene resin and a polystyrene amino compound into a stirrer, heating to 180 ℃, and mixing for 20min;
step 2, sequentially adding the filler, the flame retardant, the heat stabilizer and the light stabilizer into the stirrer in the step 1, and continuously mixing for 20min;
and 3, extruding the mixture obtained in the step 2 through a double-screw extruder, wherein the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 60r/min, the length-diameter ratio is 25:1, the temperature range is 195-245 ℃, and forming to obtain the polystyrene composite plastic.
Example 3
The polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following components in parts by weight:
95 parts of polystyrene resin, 25 parts of polystyrene amino compound, 30 parts of filler, 36 parts of flame retardant, 2.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 3.5 parts of light stabilizer.
CAS number of the polystyrene resin: 9003-70-7, purity: BR, density: 1.06g/mL (25 ℃ C.), weight average molecular weight: 3X 10 5 。
The particle size of the polyaniline-based compound is 10-30 mu m.
The filler is a mixture of silicon dioxide powder, titanium dioxide powder and alumina fibers; the mass ratio of the mixture of the silicon dioxide powder, the titanium dioxide powder and the alumina fiber is 1:1:4, a step of; the particle size of the silica powder and the titania powder is 300-500nm, the diameter of the alumina fiber is 300-500nm, and the length is 2-6 μm.
The flame retardant is diethyl aluminum phosphinate; the heat stabilizer is methyl tin mercaptide; the light stabilizer is light stabilizer 292.
The preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of nitropolystyrene:
soaking polystyrene resin in chloroform, standing for 10 hours at room temperature under shading, then dripping acetic anhydride, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to obtain polystyrene mixed solution; wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of acetic anhydride, polystyrene resin and chloroform is 60mL:25g:200mL;
placing the polystyrene mixed solution in a flask, placing the flask in an ice-water bath, dropwise adding nitric acid, continuously stirring, dropwise adding nitric acid within half an hour, heating to 55 ℃, continuously stirring for 3 hours, decompressing to remove the solvent to obtain a solid, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times, and drying to obtain the nitropolystyrene; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 65%, and the ratio of the dropping volume of the nitric acid to the volume of the polystyrene mixed solution is 20mL:150mL.
(2) Preparation of aminopolystyrene:
mixing nitropolystyrene and absolute ethyl alcohol in a flask, mechanically dispersing uniformly, adding stannous chloride, heating to 90 ℃, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid, keeping temperature, stirring and refluxing for 20 hours, cooling to normal temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering out solids, washing with distilled water to be neutral, washing with sodium hydroxide solution for three times, washing with distilled water to be neutral, and drying to obtain aminopolystyrene; wherein the mass fraction of hydrochloric acid is 20%, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of stannous chloride, nitropolystyrene, hydrochloric acid and absolute ethyl alcohol is 150g:25g:180mL:180mL.
(3) Preparation of a polystyreneimine compound:
uniformly mixing aminopolystyrene and N, N-dimethylformamide, placing the mixture in a reaction vessel, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, adding trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, adding epoxidized soybean oil, heating to 110 ℃, stirring for reaction for 4 hours, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, sequentially performing water washing and alcohol washing for three times, drying and crushing to obtain a polyaniline-based compound; wherein, in the process of preparing the polystyrene amino compound, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the amino polystyrene, the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, the epoxidized soybean oil and the N, N-dimethylformamide is 25g:1.2mL:32mL:250mL.
The preparation method of the medium polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing polystyrene resin and a polystyrene amino compound into a stirrer, heating to 200 ℃, and mixing for 10min;
step 2, sequentially adding the filler, the flame retardant, the heat stabilizer and the light stabilizer into the stirrer in the step 1, and continuously mixing for 10min;
and 3, extruding the mixture obtained in the step 2 through a double-screw extruder, wherein the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 80r/min, the length-diameter ratio is 35:1, the temperature range is 195-245 ℃, and forming to obtain the polystyrene composite plastic.
Comparative example 1
A polystyrene composite plastic was different from example 1 in that the polystyrene amino compound in the component was replaced with epoxidized soybean oil (same kind as in example 1), and the rest was the same as the procedure of example 1.
The coating comprises the following components in parts by weight:
90 parts of polystyrene resin, 20 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 12 parts of filler, 27 parts of flame retardant, 1.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 2.5 parts of light stabilizer.
Comparative example 2
A polystyrene composite plastic is different from example 1 in that the polystyrene amino compound in the component is replaced by a mixture of polystyrene and epoxidized soybean oil (because the density of the epoxidized soybean oil is close to 1 g/cm) 3 Thus, the weight ratio of polystyrene to epoxidized soybean oil was 15:24), and the procedure was the same as in example 1.
The coating comprises the following components in parts by weight:
90 parts of polystyrene resin, 20 parts of a mixture of polystyrene and epoxidized soybean oil, 12 parts of filler, 27 parts of flame retardant, 1.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 2.5 parts of light stabilizer.
And (3) experimental detection:
in order to more clearly illustrate the content of the invention, the invention performs performance detection comparison on the polystyrene composite plastics prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples.
The tensile strength and elongation at break are measured by referring to ASTM D638 and the impact strength is measured by referring to ASTM D256.
The aging treatment is to put the product into an oven at 80 ℃ for 120 hours, and the aging detection is to cool the product to room temperature after the aging treatment is finished.
The oil resistance is that a layer of tung oil is coated on the surface of a product, then the product is placed for 120 hours in a dark place, then the tung oil is washed away, and the color difference value delta E of the surface is detected by a method of detecting and referencing GB/T16422.2, wherein delta E is less than 1.0 and is very good in oil resistance, delta E is less than 1.0 and is relatively good in oil resistance, delta E is less than 2.0 and is less than 3.0, and delta E is less than 3.0 and is very poor in oil resistance. The test results are shown in table 1 below:
table 1 performance test of composite materials obtained by different preparation methods
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
| Heat distortion temperature (DEG C) | 93 | 91 | 94 | 85 | 82 |
| Tensile strength (MPa) | 43.2 | 42.4 | 44.6 | 31.4 | 27.5 |
| Tensile Strength after aging (MPa) | 41.6 | 40.5 | 43.1 | 24.3 | 22.4 |
| Elongation at break (%) | 18.7 | 16.9 | 17.4 | 13.7 | 11.3 |
| Elongation at break after aging (%) | 16.1 | 15.0 | 15.3 | 9.5 | 8.1 |
| Impact Strength (J/m) | 114.5 | 108.6 | 117.2 | 93.0 | 87.2 |
| Oil resistance | Preferably, it is | Preferably, it is | Preferably, it is | Poor quality | Poor quality |
As can be seen from table 1 above, the polystyrene composite materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention have better strength (tensile strength and elongation at break) and toughness (impact strength) and have a heat distortion temperature as high as 94 ℃ compared to comparative examples 1 to 2. In addition, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the polystyrene composite prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention are also significantly less reduced after aging treatment than those of comparative examples 1 to 2, indicating that the aging resistance performance is better than that of comparative examples 1 to 2; after the oil brushing treatment, the color difference value delta E is in the range of 1.0-2.0, and the change is small, which shows that the oil resistance performance is better than that of comparative examples 1-2.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The polystyrene composite plastic is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
85-95 parts of polystyrene resin, 15-25 parts of polystyrene amino compound, 12-30 parts of filler, 18-36 parts of flame retardant, 0.5-2.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 1.5-3.5 parts of light stabilizer;
the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of nitropolystyrene: treating the swelled polystyrene resin by using an acetic anhydride/nitric acid system to obtain nitropolystyrene;
(2) Preparation of aminopolystyrene: catalytic reduction is carried out on the basis of the nitropolystyrene prepared in the step (1), so that the aminopolystyrene is prepared;
(3) Preparation of a polystyreneimine compound: and (3) performing condensation reaction treatment on the aminopolystyrene prepared in the step (2) and the epoxidized soybean oil to prepare the polystyrene amino compound.
2. The polystyrene composite of claim 1, wherein the polystyrene resin has CAS no: 9003-70-7, purity: BR, density: weight average molecular weight at 25℃of 1.06 g/mL: 3X 10 5 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The particle size of the polyaniline-based compound is 10-30 mu m.
3. A polystyrene composite according to claim 1 wherein the filler is a mixture of silica powder, titania powder and alumina fibers; the mass ratio of the mixture of the silicon dioxide powder, the titanium dioxide powder and the alumina fiber is (1-5): (1-5): (2-6); the particle size of the silica powder and the titania powder is 300-500nm, the diameter of the alumina fiber is 300-500nm, and the length is 2-6 μm.
4. The polystyrene composite plastic according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is a phosphorus flame retardant, and comprises at least one of triphenyl phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hypophosphite, and aluminum diethylphosphinate.
5. The polystyrene composite of claim 1, wherein the heat stabilizer is an organotin stabilizer comprising at least one of dioctyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dilaurate, methyl tin mercaptide, and octyl tin mercaptide.
6. The polystyrene composite of claim 1, wherein the light stabilizer is a hindered amine light stabilizer comprising one of light stabilizer 622, light stabilizer 770, and light stabilizer 292.
7. The polystyrene composite plastic according to claim 1, wherein in the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound, the process for preparing the nitropolystyrene is as follows:
soaking polystyrene resin in chloroform, standing for 6-10h at room temperature under shading, then dripping acetic anhydride, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2h to obtain polystyrene mixed solution;
placing the polystyrene mixed solution in a flask, placing the flask in an ice-water bath, dropwise adding nitric acid, continuously stirring, dropwise adding nitric acid within half an hour, heating to 45-55 ℃, continuously stirring for 3-6 hours, decompressing to remove the solvent, obtaining a solid, sequentially performing water washing and alcohol washing for three times, and drying to obtain the nitropolystyrene.
8. The polystyrene composite plastic according to claim 1, wherein in the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound, the process for preparing the amino polystyrene is as follows:
mixing nitropolystyrene and absolute ethyl alcohol in a flask, mechanically dispersing uniformly, adding stannous chloride, heating to 80-90 ℃, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid, keeping temperature, stirring and refluxing for 20-30h, cooling to normal temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering out solid, washing with distilled water to neutrality, washing with sodium hydroxide solution for three times, washing with distilled water to neutrality, and drying to obtain the amino polystyrene.
9. The polystyrene composite plastic according to claim 1, wherein in the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound, the process for preparing the polystyrene amino compound is as follows:
uniformly mixing aminopolystyrene and N, N-dimethylformamide, placing in a reaction vessel, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, adding trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, adding epoxidized soybean oil, heating to 90-110 ℃, stirring for reaction for 4-6h, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, sequentially performing water washing and alcohol washing for three times, drying, and crushing to obtain the polyaniline-based compound.
10. A method for preparing the polystyrene composite plastic as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
step 1, mixing polystyrene resin and a polystyrene amino compound into a stirrer, heating to 180-200 ℃, and mixing for 10-20min;
step 2, sequentially adding the filler, the flame retardant, the heat stabilizer and the light stabilizer into the stirrer in the step 1, and continuously mixing for 10-20min;
and 3, extruding the mixture obtained in the step 2 through a double-screw extruder, wherein the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 60-80r/min, the length-diameter ratio is 25-35:1, the temperature range is 195-245 ℃, and forming to obtain the polystyrene composite plastic.
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