CN115612221A - Polystyrene composite plastic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polystyrene composite plastic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polystyrene composite plastic and a preparation method thereof, wherein the polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85-95 parts of polystyrene resin, 15-25 parts of polystyrene amino compound, 12-30 parts of filler, 18-36 parts of flame retardant, 0.5-2.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 1.5-3.5 parts of light stabilizer; in the invention, the polystyrene resin material is subjected to composite improvement treatment, and the polystyrene amino compound is added to be used as the modifier, so that the solvent resistance, the high temperature resistance and the aging resistance of the polystyrene are improved compared with the traditional polystyrene material without the modifier.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of polystyrene materials, in particular to polystyrene composite plastic and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Polystyrene is a polymer formed by polystyrene monomers after free radical addition polymerization, is usually an amorphous random polymer, has excellent heat insulation, insulation and transparency, has the long-term use temperature of 0-70 ℃, and is one of five common engineering plastics. Wherein, the High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) has excellent performance and can be widely applied to television shells.
However, polystyrene has poor high temperature resistance, the softening temperature is 80 ℃, the polystyrene can be changed into a softer object at the temperature of more than 80 ℃, and the polystyrene can be generally used only at low temperature; the aging resistance is poor, and the paint gradually turns yellow, devitrifies and cracks when being placed in the sunlight for a long time; the performance of chemical reagent resistance is poor, and the color change phenomenon often appears after contacting with solvents such as oil and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to modify polystyrene to enhance its high temperature resistance, aging resistance and chemical resistance, so as to apply it to more demanding scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a polystyrene composite plastic and a preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a polystyrene composite plastic, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
85-95 parts of polystyrene resin, 15-25 parts of polystyrene amino compound, 12-30 parts of filler, 18-36 parts of flame retardant, 0.5-2.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 1.5-3.5 parts of light stabilizer.
Preferably, the CAS number of the polystyrene resin: 9003-70-7, purity: BR, density: 1.06g/mL (25 ℃ C.), weight average molecular weightQuantity: 3X 10 5 。
Preferably, the particle size of the polystyrene amine-based compound is 10 to 30 μm.
Preferably, the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of Nitropolystyrene: treating the swelled polystyrene resin by using an acetic anhydride/nitric acid system to obtain nitro polystyrene;
(2) Preparing amino polystyrene: carrying out catalytic reduction on the basis of the nitro polystyrene prepared in the step (1) to prepare amino polystyrene;
(3) Preparation of a polystyrene amino compound: and (3) carrying out condensation reaction treatment on the amino polystyrene prepared in the step (2) and epoxidized soybean oil to prepare the polystyrene amino compound.
Preferably, the filler is a mixture of silica powder, titanium dioxide powder and alumina fibers; the mass ratio of the mixture of the silicon dioxide powder, the titanium dioxide powder and the alumina fiber is (1-5): (1-5): (2-6); the particle size of the silicon dioxide powder and titanium dioxide powder is 300-500nm, the diameter of the alumina fiber is 300-500nm, and the length is 2-6 μm.
Preferably, the flame retardant is a phosphorus flame retardant, and comprises at least one of triphenyl phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hypophosphite and diethyl aluminum hypophosphite.
Preferably, the thermal stabilizer is an organotin stabilizer including at least one of dioctyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dilaurate, tin methyl mercaptide, tin octyl mercaptide.
Preferably, the light stabilizer is a hindered amine light stabilizer, including one of light stabilizer 622, light stabilizer 770, and light stabilizer 292.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound, the process for preparing the nitro-polystyrene comprises the following steps:
soaking polystyrene resin in chloroform, standing for 6-10h at room temperature in the shade, then dropwise adding acetic anhydride, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2h to obtain a polystyrene mixed solution;
putting the polystyrene mixed solution into a flask, putting the flask into an ice-water bath, dropwise adding nitric acid, continuously stirring, dropwise adding nitric acid within half an hour, heating to 45-55 ℃, continuously stirring for 3-6h, removing the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain a solid, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times, and drying to obtain the nitropolystyrene.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the nitro polystyrene, the solid-to-liquid ratio of acetic anhydride, polystyrene resin and chloroform is (50-60) mL: (15-25) g: (100-200) mL.
Preferably, in the process of preparing the nitro polystyrene, the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 65%, and the ratio of the dropwise addition volume of the nitric acid to the volume of the polystyrene mixed solution is (15-20) mL: (150-200) mL.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound, the process for preparing the amino polystyrene comprises the following steps:
mixing the nitro polystyrene and absolute ethyl alcohol in a flask, mechanically dispersing uniformly, adding stannous chloride, heating to 80-90 ℃, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid, keeping the temperature, stirring and refluxing for 20-30h, cooling to normal temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering out a solid, washing to be neutral by using distilled water, washing to be neutral by using a sodium hydroxide solution for three times, washing to be neutral by using the distilled water, and drying to obtain the amino polystyrene.
Preferably, in the process for preparing the amino polystyrene, the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid is 20%, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of the stannous chloride, the nitro polystyrene and the hydrochloric acid to the absolute ethyl alcohol is (120-140) g: (15-25) g: (150-180) mL: (150-180) mL.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound, the process for preparing the polystyrene amino compound is as follows:
uniformly mixing amino polystyrene and N, N-dimethylformamide, placing the mixture in a reaction container, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, adding trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, adding epoxidized soybean oil, heating to 90-110 ℃, stirring for reacting for 4-6h, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times respectively, drying and crushing to obtain the polystyrene amino compound.
Preferably, in the process for preparing the polystyrene amino compound, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the amino polystyrene, the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, the epoxidized soybean oil and the N, N-dimethylformamide is (15-25) g: (0.5-1.2) mL: (24-32) mL: (200-250) mL.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a polystyrene composite plastic, comprising:
step 1, mixing polystyrene resin and a polystyrene amino compound into a stirrer, heating to 180-200 ℃, wherein the mixing speed is 500-1000rpm, and the mixing time is 10-20min;
step 2, adding the filler, the flame retardant, the heat stabilizer and the light stabilizer into the stirrer in the step 1 in sequence, and continuously mixing for 10-20min;
and 3, extruding the mixture obtained in the step 2 by a double-screw extruder, wherein the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 60-80r/min, the length-diameter ratio is 25-35, the temperature interval is 195-245 ℃, and molding is carried out to obtain the polystyrene composite plastic.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the polystyrene composite plastic prepared by the invention is prepared by mixing polystyrene resin with other raw materials, comprises a modifier, namely a polystyrene amino compound, a filler, a flame retardant, a heat stabilizer and a light stabilizer, and has better high temperature resistance, aging resistance and chemical reagent resistance compared with the traditional polystyrene plastic.
2. In the invention, the polystyrene resin material is subjected to composite improvement treatment, and the polystyrene amino compound is added to be used as the modifier, so that the solvent resistance, the high temperature resistance and the aging resistance of the polystyrene are improved compared with the traditional polystyrene material without the modifier.
3. The modifier polystyrene amino compound is obtained by reaction grafting on the basis of polystyrene, and the whole process comprises the following steps: polystyrene → nitration → amination → conjugation with epoxidized soybean oil → product modifier. The reaction process is as follows: firstly, swelling polystyrene resin in chloroform, then treating the polystyrene resin by using an acetic anhydride/nitric acid system to obtain nitro polystyrene, then carrying out reduction reaction under the condition of stannous chloride/concentrated hydrochloric acid/ethanol to obtain amino polystyrene, and finally carrying out combined reaction with epoxidized soybean oil under the action of Lewis acid catalyst trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to obtain the polystyrene amino compound.
4. In the invention, the epoxy soybean oil and the polystyrene are combined and reacted by using the bio-based plasticizer containing the epoxy group in a unique way to prepare the polystyrene amino compound, and the compound is not a mixture obtained by simply mixing the epoxy soybean oil and the polystyrene but a compound formed by grafting the epoxy soybean oil and the polystyrene by utilizing the reactive combination of groups. Epoxidized soybean oil (which is called epoxy triglyceride; CAS:8013-07-8; purity is more than or equal to 99 percent) is used as an environment-friendly nontoxic plasticizer and has excellent heat resistance, light resistance and intermiscibility.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of more clearly illustrating the present invention and more clearly understanding the technical features, objects and advantages of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will now be described in detail below, but are not to be construed as limiting the implementable scope of the present invention.
The starting materials, reagents or apparatuses used in the following examples are conventionally commercially available or can be obtained by conventionally known methods, unless otherwise specified.
In the present invention, the washing with water means washing with distilled water, and the washing with alcohol means washing with absolute ethanol.
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following components in parts by weight:
90 parts of polystyrene resin, 20 parts of polystyrene amino compound, 12 parts of filler, 27 parts of flame retardant, 1.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 2.5 parts of light stabilizer.
CAS number of the polystyrene resin: 9003-70-7, purity: BR, density: 1.06g/mL (25 ℃), weight average molecular weight: 3X 10 5 。
The particle size of the polystyrene amido compound is 10-30 μm.
The filler is a mixture of silicon dioxide powder, titanium dioxide powder and alumina fibers; the mass ratio of the mixture of the silicon dioxide powder, the titanium dioxide powder and the alumina fiber is 3:2:2; the particle size of the silicon dioxide powder and titanium dioxide powder is 300-500nm, the diameter of the alumina fiber is 300-500nm, and the length is 2-6 μm.
The flame retardant is triphenyl phosphate; the heat stabilizer is dioctyl tin dilaurate. The light stabilizer is light stabilizer 622; the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of Nitropolystyrene:
soaking polystyrene resin in chloroform, standing for 6-10h at room temperature in the shade, then dropwise adding acetic anhydride, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2h to obtain a polystyrene mixed solution; wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of acetic anhydride, polystyrene resin and chloroform is 55mL:20g:150mL;
putting the polystyrene mixed solution into a flask, putting the flask into an ice-water bath, dropwise adding nitric acid, continuously stirring, dropwise adding nitric acid within half an hour, heating to 50 ℃, continuously stirring for 4 hours, removing the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain a solid, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times respectively, and drying to obtain the nitropolystyrene; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 65%, and the ratio of the dropwise addition volume of the nitric acid to the volume of the polystyrene mixed solution is 15mL:150mL.
(2) Preparation of an aminostyrene:
mixing nitro polystyrene and absolute ethyl alcohol in a flask, mechanically dispersing uniformly, adding stannous chloride, heating to 85 ℃, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid, keeping the temperature, stirring and refluxing for 25 hours, cooling to normal temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering out a solid, washing with distilled water to be neutral, washing with a sodium hydroxide solution for three times, washing with distilled water to be neutral, and drying to obtain amino polystyrene; wherein, the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid is 20%, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of the stannous chloride, the nitro polystyrene, the hydrochloric acid and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 130g:20g:165mL of: 165mL.
(3) Preparation of a polystyrene amino compound:
uniformly mixing amino polystyrene and N, N-dimethylformamide, placing the mixture in a reaction container, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, adding trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, adding epoxidized soybean oil, heating to 100 ℃, stirring for reaction for 5 hours, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times respectively, drying and crushing to obtain a polystyrene amino compound; in the process of preparing the polystyrene amino compound, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the amino polystyrene, the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, the epoxidized soybean oil and the N, N-dimethylformamide is 20g:0.8mL:28mL of: 200mL.
The preparation method of the polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing polystyrene resin and a polystyrene amino compound into a stirrer, heating to 200 ℃, and mixing for 15min;
step 2, adding the filler, the flame retardant, the heat stabilizer and the light stabilizer into the stirrer in the step 1 in sequence, and continuously mixing for 15min;
and 3, extruding the mixture obtained in the step 2 by a double-screw extruder, wherein the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 70r/min, the length-diameter ratio is 30, the temperature interval is 195-245 ℃, and molding to obtain the polystyrene composite plastic.
Example 2
The polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following components in parts by weight:
85 parts of polystyrene resin, 15 parts of polystyrene amino compound, 18 parts of filler, 18 parts of flame retardant, 0.5 part of heat stabilizer and 1.5 parts of light stabilizer.
CAS number of the polystyrene resin: 9003-70-7, purity: BR, density: 1.06g/mL(25 ℃ C.), weight average molecular weight: 3 x 10 5 。
The particle size of the polystyrene amido compound is 10-30 μm.
The filler is a mixture of silicon dioxide powder, titanium dioxide powder and alumina fibers; the mass ratio of the mixture of the silicon dioxide powder, the titanium dioxide powder and the alumina fiber is 5:5:6; the particle size of the silicon dioxide powder and titanium dioxide powder is 300-500nm, the diameter of the alumina fiber is 300-500nm, and the length is 2-6 μm.
The flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate; the heat stabilizer is dibutyltin dilaurate; the light stabilizer is light stabilizer 770.
The preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of Nitropolystyrene:
soaking polystyrene resin in chloroform, standing for 6h at room temperature in the shade, then dropwise adding acetic anhydride, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2h to obtain a polystyrene mixed solution; wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of acetic anhydride, polystyrene resin and chloroform is 50mL:15g:100mL;
putting the polystyrene mixed solution into a flask, putting the flask into an ice-water bath, dropwise adding nitric acid, continuously stirring, dropwise adding the nitric acid within half an hour, heating to 45 ℃, continuously stirring for 6 hours, removing the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain a solid, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times respectively, and drying to obtain the nitro-polystyrene; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 65%, and the ratio of the dropwise addition volume of the nitric acid to the volume of the polystyrene mixed solution is 15mL:200mL.
(2) Preparation of an aminostyrene:
mixing nitro polystyrene and absolute ethyl alcohol in a flask, mechanically dispersing uniformly, adding stannous chloride, heating to 80 ℃, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid, keeping the temperature, stirring and refluxing for 30 hours, cooling to normal temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering out a solid, washing with distilled water to be neutral, washing with a sodium hydroxide solution for three times, washing with distilled water to be neutral, and drying to obtain amino polystyrene; wherein the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid is 20%, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of the stannous chloride, the nitro polystyrene, the hydrochloric acid and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 120g:15g:150mL of: 150mL.
(3) Preparation of a polystyrene amino compound:
uniformly mixing amino polystyrene and N, N-dimethylformamide, placing the mixture in a reaction container, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, adding trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, adding epoxidized soybean oil, heating to 90 ℃, stirring for reacting for 6 hours, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times respectively, drying and crushing to obtain a polystyrene amino compound; in the process of preparing the polystyrene amino compound, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the amino polystyrene, the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, the epoxidized soybean oil and the N, N-dimethylformamide is 15g:0.5mL:24mL of: 200mL.
The preparation method of the polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing polystyrene resin and a polystyrene amino compound into a stirrer, heating to 180 ℃, and mixing for 20min;
step 2, adding the filler, the flame retardant, the heat stabilizer and the light stabilizer into the stirrer in the step 1 in sequence, and continuously mixing for 20min;
and 3, extruding the mixture obtained in the step 2 by a double-screw extruder, wherein the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 60r/min, the length-diameter ratio is 25, the temperature interval is 195-245 ℃, and molding to obtain the polystyrene composite plastic.
Example 3
The polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following components in parts by weight:
95 parts of polystyrene resin, 25 parts of polystyrene amino compound, 30 parts of filler, 36 parts of flame retardant, 2.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 3.5 parts of light stabilizer.
CAS number of the polystyrene resin: 9003-70-7, purity: BR, density: 1.06g/mL (25 ℃), weight average molecular weight: 3X 10 5 。
The particle size of the polystyrene amido compound is 10-30 μm.
The filler is a mixture of silicon dioxide powder, titanium dioxide powder and alumina fibers; the mass ratio of the mixture of the silicon dioxide powder, the titanium dioxide powder and the alumina fiber is 1:1:4; the particle size of the silicon dioxide powder and titanium dioxide powder is 300-500nm, the diameter of the alumina fiber is 300-500nm, and the length is 2-6 μm.
The flame retardant is aluminum diethylphosphinate; the heat stabilizer is methyl tin mercaptide; the light stabilizer is light stabilizer 292.
The preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of Nitropolystyrene:
soaking polystyrene resin in chloroform, standing for 10h at room temperature in the shade, then dropwise adding acetic anhydride, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1h to obtain a polystyrene mixed solution; wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of acetic anhydride, polystyrene resin and chloroform is 60mL:25g of: 200mL;
putting the polystyrene mixed solution into a flask, putting the flask into an ice-water bath, dropwise adding nitric acid, continuously stirring, dropwise adding the nitric acid within half an hour, heating to 55 ℃, continuously stirring for 3 hours, removing the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain a solid, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times respectively, and drying to obtain the nitro-polystyrene; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 65%, and the ratio of the dropwise addition volume of the nitric acid to the volume of the polystyrene mixed solution is 20mL:150mL.
(2) Preparation of an aminostyrene:
mixing nitro polystyrene and absolute ethyl alcohol in a flask, mechanically dispersing uniformly, adding stannous chloride, heating to 90 ℃, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid, keeping the temperature, stirring and refluxing for 20 hours, cooling to normal temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering out a solid, washing with distilled water to be neutral, washing with a sodium hydroxide solution for three times, washing with distilled water to be neutral, and drying to obtain amino polystyrene; wherein the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid is 20%, and the solid-to-liquid ratio of the stannous chloride, the nitro polystyrene, the hydrochloric acid and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 150g:25g of: 180mL:180mL.
(3) Preparation of a polystyrene amino compound:
uniformly mixing amino polystyrene and N, N-dimethylformamide, placing the mixture in a reaction container, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, adding trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, adding epoxidized soybean oil, heating to 110 ℃, stirring for reaction for 4 hours, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times respectively, drying and crushing to obtain a polystyrene amino compound; in the process of preparing the polystyrene amino compound, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the amino polystyrene, the trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, the epoxidized soybean oil and the N, N-dimethylformamide is 25g:1.2mL:32mL of: 250mL.
The preparation method of the polystyrene composite plastic comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing polystyrene resin and a polystyrene amino compound into a stirrer, heating to 200 ℃, and mixing for 10min;
step 2, adding the filler, the flame retardant, the heat stabilizer and the light stabilizer into the stirrer in the step 1 in sequence, and continuously mixing for 10min;
and 3, extruding the mixture obtained in the step 2 by a double-screw extruder, wherein the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 80r/min, the length-diameter ratio is 35, the temperature interval is 195-245 ℃, and molding to obtain the polystyrene composite plastic.
Comparative example 1
A polystyrene composite plastic, which is different from the example 1 in that the polystyrene amino compound in the components is replaced by epoxidized soybean oil (the same as the example 1), and the method steps are the same as the example 1.
The coating comprises the following components in parts by weight:
90 parts of polystyrene resin, 20 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 12 parts of filler, 27 parts of flame retardant, 1.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 2.5 parts of light stabilizer.
Comparative example 2
A polystyrene composite plastic is different from the polystyrene composite plastic in the embodiment 1 in that a polystyrene amino compound in the components is replaced by a mixture of polystyrene and epoxidized soybean oil (the density of the epoxidized soybean oil is close to 1 g/cm) 3 Thus compounded with epoxidized soybean oil at a weight ratio of polystyrene to epoxidized soybean oil of 15), the remaining steps of the method are the same as in example 1.
The coating comprises the following components in parts by weight:
90 parts of polystyrene resin, 20 parts of a mixture of polystyrene and epoxidized soybean oil, 12 parts of filler, 27 parts of flame retardant, 1.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 2.5 parts of light stabilizer.
And (3) experimental detection:
in order to more clearly illustrate the contents of the present invention, the present invention performs a comparative test on the properties of the polystyrene composite plastics prepared in examples 1 to 3 and the comparative example.
The tensile strength and elongation at break were measured according to ASTM D638, and the impact strength was measured according to ASTM D256.
The aging treatment is to place the product in an oven at 80 ℃ for 120h, and the aging detection is to detect the product after cooling to room temperature after the aging treatment is finished.
The oil resistance is that a layer of tung oil is coated on the surface of the product, then the product is placed in the dark for 120h, then the tung oil is washed away, and the color difference value delta E of the surface is detected by referring to the method of GB/T16422.2, wherein the delta E < 1.0 represents that the oil resistance is very good, the delta E < 1.0 represents that the oil resistance is better, the delta E < 2.0 represents that the oil resistance is worse, and the delta E < 3.0 represents that the oil resistance is very poor. The test results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 Properties measurements of composite materials obtained by different preparation methods
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
| Heat distortion temperature (. Degree. C.) | 93 | 91 | 94 | 85 | 82 |
| Tensile strength (MPa) | 43.2 | 42.4 | 44.6 | 31.4 | 27.5 |
| Post-aged tensile Strength (MPa) | 41.6 | 40.5 | 43.1 | 24.3 | 22.4 |
| Elongation at Break (%) | 18.7 | 16.9 | 17.4 | 13.7 | 11.3 |
| Elongation at Break after aging (%) | 16.1 | 15.0 | 15.3 | 9.5 | 8.1 |
| Impact Strength (J/m) | 114.5 | 108.6 | 117.2 | 93.0 | 87.2 |
| Oil resistance | Is preferably used | Is preferably used | Is preferably used | Is poor | Poor quality |
As can be seen from Table 1 above, the polystyrene composites prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention have better strength (tensile strength and elongation at break) and toughness (impact strength) and have a heat distortion temperature as high as 94 ℃ compared to comparative examples 1 to 2. In addition, after aging treatment, the polystyrene composite materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention also had much smaller reduction ranges of tensile strength and elongation at break than those of comparative examples 1 to 2, indicating that their aging resistance was better than that of comparative examples 1 to 2; after the oil brushing treatment, the color difference value delta E is within the range of 1.0-2.0, and the change is small, which shows that the oil resistance performance is better than that of the comparative examples 1-2.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The polystyrene composite plastic is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
85-95 parts of polystyrene resin, 15-25 parts of polystyrene amino compound, 12-30 parts of filler, 18-36 parts of flame retardant, 0.5-2.5 parts of heat stabilizer and 1.5-3.5 parts of light stabilizer;
the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of Nitropolystyrene: treating the swelled polystyrene resin by using an acetic anhydride/nitric acid system to obtain nitro polystyrene;
(2) Preparation of an aminostyrene: carrying out catalytic reduction on the basis of the nitro polystyrene prepared in the step (1) to prepare amino polystyrene;
(3) Preparation of a polystyrene amino compound: and (3) carrying out condensation reaction treatment on the amino polystyrene prepared in the step (2) and epoxidized soybean oil to prepare the polystyrene amino compound.
2. The polystyrene composite plastic according to claim 1, wherein the CAS number of the polystyrene resin is: 9003-70-7, purity: BR, density: 1.06g/mL (25 ℃), weight average molecular weight: 3X 10 5 (ii) a The particle size of the polystyrene amido compound is 10-30 μm.
3. The polystyrene composite plastic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filler is a mixture of silica powder, titanium dioxide powder and alumina fiber; the mass ratio of the mixture of the silicon dioxide powder, the titanium dioxide powder and the alumina fiber is (1-5): (1-5): (2-6); the particle size of the silicon dioxide powder and titanium dioxide powder is 300-500nm, the diameter of the alumina fiber is 300-500nm, and the length is 2-6 μm.
4. The polystyrene composite plastic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is a phosphorus flame retardant comprising at least one of triphenyl phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hypophosphite and aluminum diethylphosphinate.
5. The polystyrene composite plastic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat stabilizer is an organic tin stabilizer comprising at least one of dioctyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dilaurate, methyltin mercaptide and octyltin mercaptide.
6. The polystyrene composite plastic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light stabilizer is hindered amine light stabilizer comprising one of light stabilizer 622, light stabilizer 770 and light stabilizer 292.
7. The polystyrene composite plastic as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound, the process for preparing the nitro polystyrene is as follows:
soaking polystyrene resin in chloroform, standing for 6-10h at room temperature in the shade, then dropwise adding acetic anhydride, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-2h to obtain a polystyrene mixed solution;
putting the polystyrene mixed solution into a flask, putting the flask into an ice-water bath, dropwise adding nitric acid, continuously stirring, dropwise adding the nitric acid within half an hour, heating to 45-55 ℃, continuously stirring for 3-6 hours, removing the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain a solid, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times respectively, and drying to obtain the nitro-polystyrene.
8. The polystyrene composite plastic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation process of the polystyrene amino compound is as follows:
mixing the nitro polystyrene and absolute ethyl alcohol in a flask, mechanically dispersing uniformly, adding stannous chloride, heating to 80-90 ℃, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid, keeping the temperature, stirring and refluxing for 20-30h, cooling to normal temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering out a solid, washing to be neutral by using distilled water, washing to be neutral by using a sodium hydroxide solution for three times, washing to be neutral by using the distilled water, and drying to obtain the amino polystyrene.
9. The polystyrene composite plastic as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the preparation method of the polystyrene amino compound, the process for preparing the polystyrene amino compound is as follows:
uniformly mixing amino polystyrene and N, N-dimethylformamide, placing the mixture in a reaction container, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, adding trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and epoxidized soybean oil, heating to 90-110 ℃, stirring for reacting for 4-6h, removing the solvent under reduced pressure, sequentially washing with water and alcohol for three times respectively, drying and crushing to obtain the polystyrene amino compound.
10. A method for preparing a polystyrene composite plastic as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, which comprises:
step 1, mixing polystyrene resin and a polystyrene amino compound into a stirrer, heating to 180-200 ℃, and mixing for 10-20min;
step 2, adding the filler, the flame retardant, the heat stabilizer and the light stabilizer into the stirrer in the step 1 in sequence, and continuously mixing for 10-20min;
and 3, extruding the mixture obtained in the step 2 by a double-screw extruder, wherein the rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 60-80r/min, the length-diameter ratio is 25-35, the temperature interval is 195-245 ℃, and molding is carried out to obtain the polystyrene composite plastic.
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