CN115611583B - 一种保温隔声砂浆及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种保温隔声砂浆及其制备方法和应用。其包括如下按重量份计算的组分:水泥150~260份;漂珠20~50份;橡胶粉50~100份;聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒4.5~15份;轻质砂60~150份;可再分散性乳胶粉1~3份;羟丙基甲基纤维素醚1~1.5份;短切聚丙烯纤维1~1.5份。本发明选择漂珠、橡胶粉、聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒和可再分散性乳胶粉作为砂浆组分,使得砂浆不仅具有保温隔声的效果,而且还具有较好的抗压强度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料技术领域,尤其是涉及一种保温隔声砂浆及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
在经济快速发展的形势下,能源紧要问题突显出来,成为制约发展的重要因素。建筑物的能源消耗方式主要为采暖和制冷,特别是对于分户采暖或制冷的南方地区,由于不同住户对温度的要求不同,致使楼层间产生较大的温差,热量在楼层间传递、损耗。并且,分户楼板作为分隔不同住户的建筑构件,其隔声性能的好坏对邻里关系有着极为重要的影响。因此,需对建筑楼板同时进行保温处理和隔声处理(重点是隔绝撞击声),有必要研制一种适用于分户楼板既保温又隔声的一体化复合材料,且经济可行,施工方便。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明第一方面提出一种保温隔声砂浆,能够有效保温隔声。
本发明第二方面还提供一种保温隔声砂浆的制备方法。
本发明第三方面还提供一种保温隔声砂浆的应用。
根据本发明的第一方面实施例的保温隔声砂浆,包括如下按重量份计算的组分:
根据本发明实施例的保温隔声砂浆,至少具有如下有益效果:
本发明选择漂珠、橡胶粉、聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒和可再分散性乳胶粉作为砂浆组分,使得砂浆不仅具有保温隔声的效果,而且还具有较好的抗压强度。这是因为漂珠和聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒均具有保温隔热隔音的效果,橡胶粉的主要化学成分为天然橡胶和合成橡胶(如丁苯橡胶),橡胶粉中含有大量无机填料和各种橡胶组分,是一种具有一定交联密度的弹性体和多孔材料,具有良好的阻尼性能,使得楼面砂浆层具有减少振动传播的能力,来实现隔绝固体撞击声的传播。可再分散性乳胶粉的作用是形成高柔性和高弹性聚合物网状胶膜分布于漂珠和聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒的体系中,增强砂浆的内聚力,进一步提升其保温隔声和抗压强度的效果。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述可再分散性乳胶粉与聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒的质量比为1:(5~8)。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒的平均粒径为1~5mm;堆积密度为6~14kg/m3。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述橡胶粉的平均粒径为2~2.5mm。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述漂珠的平均粒径为40~100目;堆积密度为300~380kg/m3。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述水泥为标号不小于42.5的硅酸盐水泥。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述短切聚丙烯纤维的长度为3~12mm;直径为25~40um。由此,加入砂浆中可有效地控制砂浆可能产生的微裂缝,提高砂浆的抗拉强度。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述羟丙基甲基纤维素醚的粘度为15~20万。由此,羟丙基甲基纤维素醚具有很好的保水性和增稠性,并有一定的缓凝效果。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述轻质砂为质量轻又强度较高的煤渣颗粒。
本发明的第二方面实施例提供上述所述的保温隔声砂浆的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将水泥、漂珠、橡胶粉、聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒、轻质砂、可再分散性乳胶粉、羟丙基甲基纤维素醚和短切聚丙烯纤维混合即得。
本发明的第三方面提供上述所述的保温隔声砂浆在保温隔声建筑材料中的应用。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述,并且,部分地从说明书中变得显而易见,或者通过实施本发明而了解。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例,并结合实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述,但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
本发明所采用的试剂、方法和设备,如无特殊说明,均为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。
实施例和对比例用到的原料如下:
水泥:PO42.5硅酸盐水泥;由湖南宁乡南方水泥有限公司生产。
漂珠:平均粒径为40~80目,由河北灵寿县宝丰云母加工有限公司生产。
橡胶粉:平均粒径为2~2.5mm,由长沙利三塑胶科技有限公司生产。
聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒A:平均粒径为2.5mm,堆积密度为12kg/m3;
聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒B:平均粒径为1.5mm,堆积密度为14kg/m3;
聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒C:平均粒径为4.5mm,堆积密度为8kg/m3;
聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒D:平均粒径为0.5mm,堆积密度为16kg/m3;
聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒E:平均粒径为5.5mm,堆积密度为6kg/m3;
以上聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒均由无锡兴达化工国贸有限公司提供。
轻质砂:由湖南骁至建筑材料有限公司生产。
可再分散性乳胶粉:由山东名昂瑞祥建材科技有限公司生产。
羟丙基甲基纤维素醚:粘度为15~20万,由河北石家庄安森化工有限公司生产。
短切聚丙烯纤维:长度为3~12mm;直径为25~40um,由河北石家庄安森化工有限公司生产。
实施例1
实施例1提供一种保温隔声砂浆,组分含量见表1,制备方法如下:
将水泥、漂珠、橡胶粉、聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒、轻质砂、可再分散性乳胶粉、羟丙基甲基纤维素醚和短切聚丙烯纤维混合即得。
实施例2~5
实施例2~5提供一系列保温隔声砂浆,组分含量见表1,制备方法如下:
将水泥、漂珠、橡胶粉、聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒、轻质砂、可再分散性乳胶粉、羟丙基甲基纤维素醚和短切聚丙烯纤维混合即得。
表1实施例1~5的组分含量(份)
实施例6~11
实施例6~11提供一系列保温隔声砂浆,组分含量见表2,制备方法如下:
将水泥、漂珠、橡胶粉、聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒、轻质砂、可再分散性乳胶粉、羟丙基甲基纤维素醚和短切聚丙烯纤维混合即得。
表2实施例6~11的组分含量(份)
实施例6 | 实施例7 | 实施例8 | 实施例9 | 实施例10 | 实施例11 | |
水泥 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 150 | 260 |
漂珠 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 50 | 20 |
橡胶粉 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 50 | 100 |
聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒A | — | — | — | — | 15 | 4.5 |
聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒B | 9 | — | — | — | — | — |
聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒C | — | 9 | — | — | — | — |
聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒D | — | — | 9 | — | — | — |
聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒E | — | — | — | 9 | — | — |
可再分散性乳胶粉 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1 | 3 |
轻质砂 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 150 | 60 |
羟丙基甲基纤维素醚 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1 | 1.5 |
短切聚丙烯纤维 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1 |
对比例1~3
对比例1~3提供一系列保温隔声砂浆,组分含量见表3,制备方法如下:
将水泥、漂珠、橡胶粉、聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒、轻质砂、可再分散性乳胶粉、羟丙基甲基纤维素醚和短切聚丙烯纤维混合即得。
表3对比例1~3的组分含量(份)
性能测试
将实施例1~11和对比例1~3的保温隔声砂浆进行如下测试,结果数据见表4。
1)干密度:350~800kg/m3,测试方法:将保温隔声砂浆制成6块70.7mm×70.7mm×70.7mm规格的试件,每块试件烘干后的质量除以试件的体积得到6组密度值,再取算术平均值。
2)28天抗压强度:0.2~3MPa,试验方法:参照GB/T 20473 -2006《建筑保温砂浆》进行,测试28天抗压强度。
3)28天压剪粘结强度:0.15~0.6MPa,试验方法:参照GB/T 20473 -2006《建筑保温砂浆》进行,测试28天压剪粘结强度。
4)导热系数:≦0.15w/mk,试验方法:参照GB/T 10294 -2008《绝热材料稳态热阻及有关特性的测定》进行。
5)40mm厚的撞击声隔声单值评价量:一级标准≦65dB,二级标准≦75dB,检验依据:按照GBT 19889.4-2005《声学建筑和建筑构件隔声测量第7部分:楼板撞击声隔声的现场测量》进行。
表4实施例1~11和对比例1~3的数据
从实施例1~5的数据看,当可再分散性乳胶粉与聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒的质量比为1:(5~8)时,其综合效果最好。
从实施例1和6~9看,当聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒的平均粒径为1~5mm范围内时,其综合效果好。
从对比例1~3看,当不添加聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒或者加入过多的聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒,其导热系数和隔音效果都非常差,当加入可再分散性乳胶粉时,其导热系数和隔音效果要比对比例1好,但是仍然低于实施例,效果不好。
上面结合本发明实施例作了详细说明,但本发明不限于上述实施例,在所属技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。
Claims (8)
1.一种保温隔声砂浆,其特征在于,由如下按重量份计算的组分组成:
水泥150~260份;
漂珠20~50份;
橡胶粉50~100份;
聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒4.5~15份;
轻质砂60~150份;
可再分散性乳胶粉1~3份;
羟丙基甲基纤维素醚1~1.5份;
短切聚丙烯纤维1~1.5份;
所述可再分散性乳胶粉与聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒的质量比为1:(5~8)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的保温隔声砂浆,其特征在于,所述聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒的平均粒径为1~5mm;堆积密度为6~14kg/m3。
3.根据权利要求1所述的保温隔声砂浆,其特征在于,所述橡胶粉的平均粒径为2~2.5mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的保温隔声砂浆,其特征在于,所述漂珠的平均粒径为40~100目;堆积密度为300~380 kg/m3。
5.根据权利要求1所述的保温隔声砂浆,其特征在于,所述水泥为标号不小于42.5的硅酸盐水泥。
6.根据权利要求1所述的保温隔声砂浆,其特征在于,所述短切聚丙烯纤维的长度3~12mm;直径为25~40um。
7.根据权利要求1~6任一项所述的保温隔声砂浆的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
将水泥、漂珠、橡胶粉、聚苯乙烯泡沫颗粒、轻质砂、可再分散性乳胶粉、羟丙基甲基纤维素醚和短切聚丙烯纤维混合即得。
8.权利要求1~6任一项所述的保温隔声砂浆在保温隔声建筑材料中的应用。
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