CN115606347B - Pneumatic seed metering device with self-aligning floating seed tray and seeder - Google Patents
Pneumatic seed metering device with self-aligning floating seed tray and seeder Download PDFInfo
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- CN115606347B CN115606347B CN202211469549.6A CN202211469549A CN115606347B CN 115606347 B CN115606347 B CN 115606347B CN 202211469549 A CN202211469549 A CN 202211469549A CN 115606347 B CN115606347 B CN 115606347B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/06—Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
- A01C7/081—Seeders depositing seeds in rows using pneumatic means
- A01C7/082—Ducts, distribution pipes or details thereof for pneumatic seeders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of dual-purpose agricultural mechanical devices, and particularly relates to a pneumatic seed metering device with a self-aligning floating seed tray and a seeder, wherein the pneumatic seed metering device comprises a pneumatic seed sowing assembly, and the pneumatic seed sowing assembly comprises a driving assembly, a plurality of floating seed tray pneumatic seed metering devices and a transmission assembly; the floating seed plate pneumatic seed metering device comprises an airflow cavity, a seed plate and a seed shaft assembly, wherein the seed shaft assembly comprises a central shaft and claw-shaped elastic members, and the seed plate is pressed against two sides of the airflow cavity under the action of the claw-shaped elastic members. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages: the seed metering dish can the automatic compensation seed metering dish in the produced friction loss of operation in-process, effectively prevent to lead to driving motor overload damage because of the abnormal rising of seed metering dish torsion, have dismantle advantages such as maintenance convenience, easy processing, the assembly degree of difficulty is low, work efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of dual-purpose agricultural mechanical devices, and particularly relates to a pneumatic seed metering device with a self-aligning floating seed tray and a seeder.
Background
The pneumatic seed metering device is widely applied because of the advantages of seed adaptability, seed metering precision, operation effect and the like, in order to improve the adaptability to different bean planting agronomic techniques, a one-device double-row pneumatic high-speed precise seed metering device is disclosed in the prior document (Li Yuhuan and the like) of one-device double-row pneumatic high-speed precise seed metering device, a single-air-duct single-seed metering disc is adopted to realize double-row seeding operation, high-speed precise narrow-row close planting operation is realized, and the seed disc is fixed on a transmission shaft and rotates clockwise under the driving of land wheels or other power sources; however, because the seed tray is rigidly connected with the transmission shaft, vibration can occur due to uneven fields in the operation process, and the outer side surfaces of the seed tray and the air cavity can possibly cause air leakage problem due to abrasion; secondly, in practical application, a transmission shaft for driving the seed disk needs to extend out of the shell of the seed metering device, and is driven by the cooperation of a driving chain wheel and a driving chain, so that the transmission shaft is tensioned by the driving chain and single-side radial tension can be generated in the operation process, the driving shafts on two sides of the seed metering device are easy to be stressed in an unbalanced manner, and the problem of clamping of the seed disk is easy to occur; the existing air pump is usually arranged in front of the speed change gear box, and the air guide pipe is longer as the distance from the seed sowing device is longer, so that the air pressure loss can be increased; in addition, how to expand the application range of the seed metering device is a continuous concern for those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a pneumatic seed metering device with a self-aligning floating seed plate and a seeder, aiming at the problem that the seed plate of the conventional pneumatic seed metering device is rigidly connected with a transmission shaft and an air flow cavity leaks air due to vibration in the operation process.
The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a seeder with a self-aligning floating seed tray pneumatic seed metering device comprises a rotary tillage assembly, a fertilizer discharging assembly, a pneumatic seed sowing assembly and a fan;
the pneumatic seeding assembly comprises a driving assembly, a plurality of floating seed trays, a pneumatic seed sowing device and a transmission assembly; a transmission assembly is respectively arranged between the driving assembly and the pneumatic seed metering device of the floating seed tray and between the driving assembly and the pneumatic seed metering devices of the adjacent floating seed trays;
the floating seed plate pneumatic type seed metering device comprises an airflow cavity, a seed plate and a seed shaft assembly for driving the seed plate to rotate, wherein seed plates which are arranged in opposite directions are arranged on two sides of the airflow cavity, a central hole is formed in the central position of the seed plate, and a plurality of strip-shaped transmission grooves are annularly distributed on the outer side surface of the seed plate and positioned at the periphery of the central hole;
the seed shaft assembly comprises a central shaft and claw-shaped elastic members, wherein the claw-shaped elastic members comprise annular gaskets and elastic strain gages, the number of the elastic strain gages corresponds to that of the strip-shaped transmission grooves, the elastic strain gages are distributed in an annular mode, the whole elastic strain gages are of a folded structure, strip-shaped presser feet parallel to the seed plate are arranged at the bottoms of the elastic strain gages, and the strip-shaped presser feet are clamped in the strip-shaped transmission grooves; the claw-shaped elastic member is sleeved on the central shaft, the seed sowing plate is pressed on two sides of the airflow cavity under the action of the claw-shaped elastic member, and two ends of the central shaft are connected with the transmission assembly.
Specifically, the width of bar presser foot is the same with the width of bar transmission recess, and the length of bar presser foot is less than the length of bar transmission recess, when annular gasket received different pressures, enables bar presser foot at bar transmission recess relative sliding, keeps the joint, makes claw shape elastic component realize floating connection to the seed metering dish, can guarantee the gas tightness of air current cavity, and then guarantees the seeding effect.
Specifically, the two sides of the strip-shaped presser foot outwards extend to form a flanging which is obliquely arranged, the angle theta of the flanging is changed according to the torsion required by the seed tray, and the smaller the angle is, the smaller the force required by the groove to jump out is.
Specifically, the central shaft penetrates through the airflow cavity and is fixed by a bearing, a column-shaped gasket is sleeved outside the central shaft, the seed metering disc is sleeved outside the column-shaped gasket and is in clearance fit with the column-shaped gasket, the outer side of the column-shaped gasket is provided with an annular gasket and then is fixed by a gasket and a nut, namely, a claw-shaped elastic member is fixed on the outer side of the column-shaped gasket, the elastic strain gauge is meshed with the strip-shaped transmission groove in a compressed state, and the seed metering disc is driven to do circular motion through the meshing of the strip-shaped presser foot and the seed metering disc;
the central shaft is internally provided with a hexagonal through hole coaxial with the central shaft, two ends of the central shaft are provided with strip-shaped positioning notches with outward openings and axially arranged, and the central shaft is provided with a jackscrew hole penetrating along the radial direction along the center of the axis; a mandrel matched with the positioning pin is arranged in the hexagonal through hole, two end faces of the mandrel are positioned in the central shaft, the end faces of the mandrel are concave spherical surfaces, the invagination depth of the outermost end of the mandrel from the end part of the central shaft is L, and the invagination depth L can influence the deep dimension of the hexagonal prismatic ball head;
the radial inboard of hole of annular gasket is equipped with the location boss that matches with bar location notch, and angle when convenient installation claw shape elastic component improves assembly efficiency and degree of accuracy.
Specifically, the transmission assembly comprises a hexagonal prism shaft and a hexagonal prism shaft sleeve, wherein the hexagonal prism shaft comprises a prism shaft body and a hexagonal prism ball head, and a plurality of pin holes are axially distributed in the prism shaft body; the edge shaft body part of the hexagonal edge shaft is inserted into two ends of the hexagonal edge shaft sleeve, is fixed by pin joint through a pin, and is fixed by a B-shaped bayonet lock; the whole length of the transmission assembly can be adjusted by fixing the transmission assembly with pin holes at different positions;
the axial tangent plane of the hexagonal prism ball head is regular hexagon, the outer edge of the radial tangent plane is composed of two sections of tangent circular arcs, the diameters of the two sections of circular arcs are the same, the diameter is the opposite side width dimension D of the hexagonal prism shaft, and the axial center distance of the two sections of circular arcs is D/2;
the limiting relationship of the invagination depth L and the diameter D is as follows: d > L > D/2;
the hexagonal prismatic ball head can be ensured to extend into a certain length but not extend into the hexagonal prismatic ball head completely; the hexagonal prismatic ball head is mainly clamped after extending into the central shaft, so that the axial section of the hexagonal prismatic ball head is regular hexagon in order to realize the driving of the central shaft; the outer edge of the radial section is similar to an S shape, the front end of the hexagonal prismatic bulb is not a complete cambered surface, and a longitudinal section can be arranged at the end part of the bulb; the rear arc of the hexagonal prism head can also be a straight line, a fold line and the like, so that a groove is formed between the hexagonal prism head and the prism shaft body, and the hexagonal prism head and the central shaft are installed at an angle to avoid interference.
In order to ensure lubrication, the position of the prismatic shaft body, which is close to the hexagonal prismatic ball head, is provided with an oiling nozzle, the end part of the hexagonal prismatic ball head is provided with a concentric hole which is coaxial with the prismatic shaft body, the concentric hole is communicated with the inside of the prismatic shaft body, lubricating oil can be added through the oiling nozzle, and the transmission effect of the transmission assembly and the central shaft is ensured.
A driving motor is arranged on the frame, the seed metering disc is driven through a segmented transmission assembly and a central shaft, and the driving assembly comprises the driving motor, a transmission chain wheel and a transmission chain; the frame sets up two drive sprocket on vertical direction, and two drive sprocket pass through drive chain and connect, and the drive sprocket of downside is connected with driving motor, and the drive axle sleeve is connected to the drive sprocket of upside, be equipped with the hexagonal through-hole in the drive axle sleeve, drive axle sleeve internal fixation drive dabber, the distance of drive dabber terminal surface distance drive axle sleeve terminal surface is invagination degree of depth L.
Specifically, the rotary tillage assembly comprises a drive gear box and rotary tillage rollers, the drive gear box comprises an input shaft, an upper output shaft and a lower output shaft, the input shaft is connected with a transmission shaft of the tractor, a driving belt pulley is arranged on the outer side of the upper output shaft, the driving belt pulley is connected with a fan through a driving belt, and the fan is arranged on the rear side of the drive gear box;
the fan comprises positive and negative air pressure ends, the air path is divided into four parts through an air distribution mechanism, and the air path is connected with the air flow cavity through the air guide pipe; the installation position of the fan is reasonably arranged, so that the distance between the fan and the seed sowing device is shortened, and the length of the air duct can be effectively shortened; the lower output shaft is connected with the rotary tillage roller.
The sowing plate can be replaced, so that small-grain crops such as wheat, rape and the like can be sown, and simultaneously large-medium-grain crops such as corn, soybean, sorghum and the like can be sown; through the connection of the switching pipeline, the multifunctional practical seeding machine can be realized by a set of air supply system matched with different seeding devices, the application range of the seeding machine is widened, the utilization rate of the seeding machine is improved, and the investment of the cost of the seeding machine in a crop planting link is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
(1) The end of the central shaft is level with the shell of the seed metering device through reasonably designing the structure of the central shaft, the torsion of the seed metering disc is driven by the hexagonal prismatic shaft, so that the central shaft is stressed more uniformly, the structure of the extension shaft, the driving chain wheel and the like is reduced, the seed metering device is not influenced by unilateral radial tension generated by tensioning and running of the driving chain, the clamping of the seed metering disc caused by eccentric tension and pressure on two sides of the seed metering device is effectively prevented, and the service life of the seed metering device is prolonged;
(2) The structure of the claw-shaped elastic member is reasonably designed, so that the central shaft sleeve is connected with the seed metering disc in a floating mode, and the seed metering disc is tightly attached to the outer side surface of the air cavity under the elastic pressure of the claw-shaped elastic member; in the sowing work, the friction loss generated in the operation process of the sowing plate can be automatically compensated by the elastic force of the sowing plate, so that the sowing plate is tightly attached to the airflow cavity, the air tightness of the sowing device is improved, and the sowing effect is further ensured;
(3) The claw-shaped elastic member is clamped in the strip-shaped transmission groove through the strip-shaped presser foot, the elastic strain gauge rotates along with the central transmission shaft and drives the seed metering disc to rotate, if the seed metering disc is glued with the cavity due to temperature rise caused by long-time work and friction of the cavity of the seed metering device, or the rotation torsion of the seed metering disc is abnormally increased due to other reasons, the elastic strain gauge can deform the strip-shaped presser foot due to overlarge torsion, the strip-shaped presser foot is separated from the strip-shaped transmission groove elastic member and slides relative to the seed metering disc, and overload damage of a driving motor caused by abnormal increase of the torsion of the seed metering disc can be effectively prevented;
(4) The central shaft is matched with the hexagonal prismatic bulb, so that the central deviation of the seed metering device caused by assembly or processing errors can be adapted, and the problem of non-concentricity of the assembly of the seed metering device in a certain range is solved;
as the connection positions of the hexagonal prism shaft and the hexagonal prism shaft sleeve are adjustable, the integral length of the segmented transmission assembly can be conveniently adjusted, and the segmented transmission assembly can be adjusted according to actual application scenes, compared with the traditional symmetrical arrangement of the seed metering device or the transmission of one through shaft, the segmented transmission assembly has the advantages of convenient disassembly and maintenance, easy processing, low assembly difficulty and the like
(5) The fan is arranged at the rear side of the driving gear box, the distance between the fan and the seed sowing device is shortened, the length of the air duct can be shortened, the cost of accessories is reduced, the air pressure loss caused by overlong air duct can be effectively reduced, and the mechanical efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a planter.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the position structure of the drive gear box.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of a floating seed tray pneumatic seed metering device.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating seed tray pneumatic seed metering device.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a portion of a floating seed tray pneumatic seed metering device.
Fig. 6 is a schematic side view and a cross-sectional view of the airflow chamber.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the center shaft.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the claw-shaped elastic member.
Fig. 9 is a front view of the claw-shaped elastic member.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the seed plate.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the drive gear box.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the transmission assembly.
Fig. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of the transmission assembly.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a fan mounting structure.
The novel rotary tillage machine comprises a 1-rotary tillage component, a 11-drive gearbox, a 111-input shaft, a 112-upper output shaft, a 113-drive pulley, a 2-fertilizer discharging component, a 4-pneumatic seeding component, a 411-drive motor, a 412-drive sprocket, a 413-drive chain, a 42-floating seed tray pneumatic seed sowing device, a 421-airflow cavity, a 422-seed tray, a 4221-central hole, a 4222-strip-shaped drive groove, a 43-seed box, a 5-seed shaft component, a 51-central shaft, a 511-hexagonal through hole, a 512-central shaft, a 513-strip-shaped positioning notch, a 514-top wire hole, a 52-claw-shaped elastic component, a 521-annular gasket, a 522-elastic strain gauge, a 523-strip-shaped presser foot, a 524-flanging, a 525-positioning boss, a 53-column-shaped gas distribution gasket, a 54-gasket and a nut, a 6-drive component, a 61-hexagonal prism shaft, a 611-prism shaft body, a 6111-pin hole, a 612-hexagonal prism ball head, a 613-oil injection nozzle, a 614-concentric hole, a 62-prism shaft, a 7-frame, an 8-fan and a 81-mechanism.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-14, a planter utilizing a pneumatic seed meter with self-aligning floating seed trays, comprises a rotary tillage assembly 1, a fertilizer assembly 2, a pneumatic planting assembly 4, a frame 7 and a fan 8;
the pneumatic seeding assembly 4 comprises a driving assembly, a plurality of floating seed trays, a pneumatic seed sowing device 42 and a transmission assembly 6;
the drive assembly includes a drive motor 411, a drive sprocket 412 and a drive chain 413; the driving motor 411 is arranged on the frame 7, the frame 7 is provided with two driving chain wheels 412 in the vertical direction, the two driving chain wheels 412 are connected through a driving chain 413, the driving chain wheel 412 at the lower side is connected with the driving motor 411, the driving chain wheel 412 at the upper side is connected with a driving shaft sleeve, a hexagonal through hole is arranged in the driving shaft sleeve, a driving mandrel is fixed in the driving shaft sleeve, and the distance between the end face of the driving mandrel and the end face of the driving shaft sleeve is the sinking depth L; the driving shaft sleeve and the driving mandrel can refer to the structures of the central shaft and the mandrel, and mainly play a role of connecting a driving chain wheel and a driving assembly 6, and are not specifically discussed herein;
the floating seed plate pneumatic seed metering device 42 comprises an airflow cavity 421, a seed plate 422 and a seed shaft assembly 5 for driving the seed plate 422 to rotate, seed metering boxes 43 are arranged on two sides of the airflow cavity 421, the seed plate 422 is arranged in each seed metering box 43, a center hole 4221 is arranged in the center position of the seed plate 422, and 6 strip-shaped transmission grooves 4222 are annularly distributed on the outer side surface of the seed plate 422 and positioned at the periphery of the center hole 4221;
the seed shaft assembly 5 comprises a central shaft 51 and a claw-shaped elastic member 52, the claw-shaped elastic member 52 comprises an annular gasket 521 and 6 elastic strain gages 522, the elastic strain gages 522 are distributed in an annular shape, the whole elastic strain gages 522 are of a folded structure, a strip-shaped presser foot 523 parallel to the seed plate 422 is arranged at the bottom of the elastic strain gages 522, and the strip-shaped presser foot 523 is clamped in a strip-shaped transmission groove 4222; the claw-shaped elastic member 52 is sleeved on the central shaft 51, and the seed metering disc 422 is pressed and connected to two sides of the airflow cavity 421 under the action of the claw-shaped elastic member 52; the width of the bar-shaped presser foot 523 is the same as that of the bar-shaped transmission groove 4222, the length of the bar-shaped presser foot 523 is smaller than that of the bar-shaped transmission groove 4222, when the annular gasket 521 receives different pressures, the bar-shaped presser foot 523 can relatively slide in the bar-shaped transmission groove 4222 and keep engaged, so that the claw-shaped elastic member 52 realizes floating connection to the seed metering disc 422;
the central shaft 51 penetrates through the airflow cavity 421 and is fixed by a bearing, the central shaft 51 is sleeved with a column-shaped gasket 53, the seed metering disc 422 is sleeved outside the column-shaped gasket 53 and is in clearance fit with the column-shaped gasket 53, the outer side of the column-shaped gasket 53 is provided with an annular gasket 521 and then is fixed by a gasket and a nut 54, namely, a claw-shaped elastic member 52 is fixed on the outer side of the column-shaped gasket 53, and an elastic strain gauge 522 is meshed with a bar-shaped transmission groove 4222 in a compressed state, and the seed metering disc 422 is driven to do circular motion by the meshing of a bar-shaped presser foot 523 and the seed metering disc 422;
a hexagonal through hole 511 coaxial with the central shaft 51 is arranged in the central shaft 51, strip-shaped positioning notches 513 with outward openings and axially arranged are arranged at two ends of the central shaft 51, and a jackscrew hole 514 penetrating radially is arranged at the center of the central shaft 51 along the axis; a mandrel 512 matched with the positioning pin is arranged in the hexagonal through hole 511, two end faces of the mandrel 512 are positioned in the central shaft 51, the end face of the mandrel 512 is a concave spherical surface, and the invagination depth of the outermost end of the mandrel 512 from the end part of the central shaft 51 is L; a positioning boss 525 matched with the strip-shaped positioning notch 513 is arranged on the radial inner side of the inner hole of the annular gasket 521;
the transmission assembly 6 comprises a hexagonal prism shaft 61 and a hexagonal prism shaft sleeve 62, the hexagonal prism shaft 61 comprises a prism shaft body 611 and a hexagonal prism ball head 612, and the prism shaft body 611 is axially provided with a pin hole 6111; the edge shaft body 611 of the hexagonal edge shaft 61 is partially inserted into two ends of the hexagonal edge shaft sleeve 62, is fixed by pin joint through the pin 63 and is fixed by a B-shaped bayonet lock; the position of the prismatic shaft body 611, which is close to the hexagonal prismatic ball head 612, is provided with an oil filling nozzle 613, the end part of the hexagonal prismatic ball head 612 is provided with a concentric hole 614 coaxial with the prismatic shaft body 611, the concentric hole 614 is communicated with the interior of the prismatic shaft body 611, lubricating oil can be added through the oil filling nozzle 613, and the transmission effect of the transmission assembly 6 and the central shaft 51 is ensured;
the axial tangential plane of the hexagonal prism head 612 is a regular hexagon, as shown in fig. 14, the outer edge of the radial tangential plane is composed of two sections of tangential circular arcs, the diameters of the two sections of circular arcs are the same, the diameter is the opposite side width dimension D of the hexagonal prism shaft, and the axial center distance of the two circular arcs is D/2;
the limiting relationship of the invagination depth L and the diameter D is as follows: d > L > D/2;
the rotary tillage assembly 1 comprises a drive gear box 11, wherein the drive gear box 11 comprises an input shaft 111, an upper output shaft 112 and a lower output shaft, the input shaft 111 is connected with a transmission shaft of a tractor for power input, a driving belt wheel 113 is arranged on the outer side of the upper output shaft 112, the driving belt wheel 113 is connected with a fan 8 through a driving belt, and the fan 8 is arranged on the rear side of the drive gear box 11; the gear box is internally provided with a middle transition bevel gear, the opposite side of the input shaft 111 is provided with an upper output shaft 112, the upper output shaft 112 is driven by the middle transition bevel gear, a transition large gear coaxial with the transition bevel gear is a lower output shaft connecting fitting, and the transition large gear is directly connected with a gear on a driving rotary tillage roller for driving, so that the gear box is not an innovation point of the utility model in the prior art, and the gear box is not expanded;
the positive and negative air pressure ends of the fan 8 divide the air path into four parts through an air distribution mechanism 81 respectively, and are connected with an air flow cavity 421 through the air guide pipe; the distance between the fan 8 and the floating seed tray pneumatic seed sowing device 42 is shortened due to the proper installation position of the fan, so that the length of the air duct can be effectively shortened;
in this embodiment, the device comprises four transmission components, wherein a driving shaft sleeve of the driving component is clamped with a hexagonal prism head 612 on the left side of a first transmission component (the first transmission component is in the order from left to right in the figure), the hexagonal prism head 612 on the right side of the first transmission component is clamped with the left end of a central shaft 51 of a first seed sowing device, and the right end of the central shaft 51 of the first seed sowing device is clamped with the hexagonal prism head 612 on the left side of a second transmission component; by analogy, the hexagonal prismatic bulb 612 on the right side of the fourth transmission component is clamped with the left end of the central shaft 51 of the fourth seed sowing device;
the pneumatic seed metering device 42 with a floating seed tray is a seed metering device with a floating seed tray, and in this embodiment, for convenience of presentation, the seed metering devices at different positions are defined by a first seed metering device and a second seed metering device, and are not limited and protected.
The driving motor 411 drives the first transmission component through the transmission chain 413 and the transmission chain wheel 412 to sequentially drive the central shaft of the first seed sowing device, the second transmission component, the central shaft of the second seed sowing device and the like to rotate, so that the seed sowing plate rotates to complete seed sowing work in cooperation with the fan.
Meanwhile, each section of transmission assembly is of an independent structure, so that the assembly of the seed metering device in a fixed range can be adjusted according to the actual assembly condition, the problem of non-concentricity is solved, the device is suitable for a plurality of seed metering devices, the clamping of the seed metering disc 422 caused by unbalanced stress on two sides of the seed metering device is effectively prevented, the service life of the seed metering device is prolonged, and compared with the traditional seed metering device, the device is symmetrically arranged or driven by a through shaft, and the device has the advantages of convenience in disassembly and maintenance, easiness in processing and low assembly difficulty.
The floating connection principle is that the annular gasket 521 of the claw-shaped elastic member 52 is pressed in the axial direction, so that the strip-shaped presser foot can slide in the strip-shaped transmission groove 4222, friction loss generated in the rotation process of the seed metering disc 422 is automatically compensated by the claw-shaped elastic member 52 in the seeding work, the seed metering disc 422 is tightly attached to the airflow cavity 421, the air tightness of the seed metering device is improved, and the seed metering effect is further ensured.
The seeding machine also has an anti-blocking function, the claw-shaped elastic member 52 is clamped in the strip-shaped transmission groove 4222 through the strip-shaped presser foot 523, the elastic strain piece 522 drives the seeding plate 422 to rotate while rotating along with the central shaft 51, and if the temperature of the seeding plate 422 rises due to long-time work and friction of the airflow cavity 421 of the seeding machine, the seeding plate 422 is glued with the airflow cavity 421, or when the rotating torsion of the seeding plate 422 is abnormally increased due to other reasons, the elastic strain piece can deform the presser foot due to overlarge torsion, the presser foot is separated from the strip-shaped transmission groove 4222, and the claw-shaped elastic member 52 and the seeding plate 422 relatively slide, so that overload damage of the driving motor 411 caused by abnormal rising of the torsion of the seeding plate 422 can be effectively prevented.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 14, 6 pin holes 6111 are axially distributed on the prismatic shaft body 611, and are fixed by pin connection of pins 63 and B-shaped bayonet locks; the whole length of the transmission assembly can be adjusted by fixing the transmission assembly with pin holes at different positions; can adjust according to actual installation condition, guarantee transmission effectiveness.
Example 3
8-9, two sides of the bar-shaped presser foot 523 extend outwards to form a flange 524 which is obliquely arranged, wherein the angle θ of the flange 524 is 30 degrees, and if the temperature of the seed metering disc 422 increases due to friction between the seed metering disc 422 and the airflow cavity 421 of the seed metering device during long-time working, or if the rotation torque of the seed metering disc 422 is abnormally increased due to other reasons, the elastic strain gauge can deform the bar-shaped presser foot 523 due to overlarge torque, and the bar-shaped presser foot 523 is easier to separate from the bar-shaped transmission groove 4222 through the flange 524.
While the fundamental and principal features of the utility model and advantages of the utility model have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The pneumatic seed metering device with the self-aligning floating seed plate is characterized by comprising an airflow cavity, a seed metering plate and a seed metering shaft assembly for driving the seed metering plate to rotate, wherein the seed metering plates which are arranged oppositely are arranged on two sides of the airflow cavity, a central hole is formed in the central position of the seed metering plate, and a plurality of radially arranged strip-shaped transmission grooves are annularly distributed on the outer side surface of the seed metering plate at the periphery of the central hole;
the seeding shaft assembly comprises a central shaft and claw-shaped elastic members, the seeding plate is sleeved on the central shaft and can rotate relative to the central shaft, the claw-shaped elastic members comprise annular gaskets and elastic strain gauges corresponding to the number of the strip-shaped transmission grooves, the elastic strain gauges are annularly distributed and connected to the circumferences of the annular gaskets, the whole elastic strain gauges are of a folded structure, strip-shaped presser feet parallel to the seeding plate are arranged at the bottoms of the elastic strain gauges, the strip-shaped presser feet are clamped in the strip-shaped transmission grooves, the annular gaskets are sleeved on the central shaft, strip-shaped positioning notches with outward openings and axially arranged are arranged at the two ends of the central shaft, positioning bosses matched with the strip-shaped positioning notches are arranged on the radial inner sides of inner holes of the annular gaskets, and the seeding plate is pressed on two sides of an airflow cavity under the action of the claw-shaped elastic members; the strip-shaped presser foot has the same width as the strip-shaped transmission groove, the length of the strip-shaped presser foot is smaller than that of the strip-shaped transmission groove, and the strip-shaped presser foot can relatively slide in the strip-shaped transmission groove when the annular gasket is subjected to different pressures; the elastic strain gauge is meshed with the strip-shaped transmission groove in a compressed state, and the claw-shaped elastic member drives the seed metering disc to do circular motion through the meshing of the strip-shaped presser foot and the seed metering disc.
2. The pneumatic seed metering device with a self-aligning floating seed tray of claim 1, wherein the two sides of the bar-shaped presser foot extend outwards to form a tilting flanging.
3. The pneumatic seed metering device with the self-aligning floating seed tray according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the central shaft penetrates through the airflow cavity and is fixed by a bearing, a column-shaped gasket is sleeved outside the central shaft, the seed metering tray is sleeved outside the column-shaped gasket and is in clearance fit with the column-shaped gasket, and the annular gasket is arranged outside the column-shaped gasket and is fixed by a gasket and a nut;
the central shaft is internally provided with a hexagonal through hole coaxial with the central shaft, and the central shaft is provided with a jackscrew hole penetrating along the radial direction along the center of the axis; the hexagonal through hole is internally provided with a mandrel matched with the positioning pin, two end faces of the mandrel are positioned inside the central shaft, the end face of the mandrel is a concave spherical surface, and the invagination depth of the outermost end of the mandrel from the end part of the central shaft is L.
4. A planter utilizing a pneumatic seed metering device with a self-aligning floating seed tray as claimed in claim 3, characterized by comprising a rotary tillage assembly, a fertilizer assembly, a pneumatic seed sowing assembly and a fan;
the pneumatic seeding assembly comprises a driving assembly, a plurality of floating seed trays, a pneumatic seed sowing device and a transmission assembly; the driving component and the pneumatic seed metering device of the floating seed tray are respectively provided with a transmission component between the driving component and the pneumatic seed metering devices of the adjacent floating seed trays.
5. The seeder as claimed in claim 4, wherein the driving assembly comprises a driving shaft sleeve, a hexagonal through hole is arranged in the driving shaft sleeve, a driving mandrel is fixed in the driving shaft sleeve, and the distance between the end face of the driving mandrel and the end face of the driving shaft sleeve is the invagination depth L; the transmission assembly comprises a hexagonal prism shaft and a hexagonal prism shaft sleeve, wherein the hexagonal prism shaft comprises a prism shaft body and a hexagonal prism ball head, and a plurality of pin holes are axially distributed on the prism shaft body; the edge shaft body part of the hexagonal edge shaft is inserted into two ends of the hexagonal edge shaft sleeve and is fixed by pin joint.
6. The seeder of claim 5, wherein the axial tangential plane of the hexagonal-prism ball head is regular hexagon, the outer edge of the radial tangential plane is composed of two sections of tangent circular arcs, the diameters of the two sections of circular arcs are the same, the diameter is the width dimension D of the opposite sides of the hexagonal-prism shaft, and the axial center distance of the two circular arcs is D/2;
the limiting relationship of the invagination depth L and the diameter D is as follows:
D>L>D /2。
7. the planter of claim 5 wherein the prismatic shaft is provided with a nipple adjacent to the hexagonal prismatic head, and the hexagonal prismatic head is provided with a concentric hole coaxial with the prismatic shaft at the end thereof, the concentric hole communicating with the interior of the prismatic shaft.
8. The planter of claim 4 comprising a frame, wherein the drive assembly comprises a drive motor, a drive sprocket and a drive chain; the frame sets up two drive sprocket in vertical direction, and two drive sprocket pass through drive chain and connect, and the drive sprocket of downside is connected with driving motor, and the drive axle sleeve is connected to the drive sprocket of upside.
9. The planter of claim 4, wherein the rotary tillage assembly comprises a drive gear box and rotary tillage rollers, the drive gear box comprises an input shaft, an upper output shaft and a lower output shaft, the input shaft is connected with a transmission shaft of the tractor, the upper output shaft is connected with a fan through a drive belt, the fan is arranged at the rear side of the drive gear box, and the lower output shaft is connected with the rotary tillage rollers; the fan is connected with an air duct through an air distribution mechanism, and the air duct is connected with an airflow cavity.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211469549.6A CN115606347B (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | Pneumatic seed metering device with self-aligning floating seed tray and seeder |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211469549.6A CN115606347B (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | Pneumatic seed metering device with self-aligning floating seed tray and seeder |
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| CN115606347A CN115606347A (en) | 2023-01-17 |
| CN115606347B true CN115606347B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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| CN102027825A (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2011-04-27 | 中国农业大学 | Mechanical/pneumatic combined internal-charging type precision corn seed sowing device |
| CN204069710U (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-01-07 | 湖北玉柴发动机有限公司 | A kind of driven sucking precise seeder |
| CN107615952A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-01-23 | 吉林省康达农业机械有限公司 | Blowing-type metering device |
| CN208175280U (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-12-04 | 青岛农业大学 | Electric-controlled type ridging precision drilling all-in-one machine |
| WO2020221112A1 (en) * | 2019-04-27 | 2020-11-05 | 山东理工大学 | Air-suction garlic orienting and seeding device |
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2022
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102027825A (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2011-04-27 | 中国农业大学 | Mechanical/pneumatic combined internal-charging type precision corn seed sowing device |
| CN204069710U (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-01-07 | 湖北玉柴发动机有限公司 | A kind of driven sucking precise seeder |
| CN107615952A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-01-23 | 吉林省康达农业机械有限公司 | Blowing-type metering device |
| CN208175280U (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-12-04 | 青岛农业大学 | Electric-controlled type ridging precision drilling all-in-one machine |
| WO2020221112A1 (en) * | 2019-04-27 | 2020-11-05 | 山东理工大学 | Air-suction garlic orienting and seeding device |
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