CN115606347A - Pneumatic seed sowing device with self-aligning floating seed plate and seeder - Google Patents
Pneumatic seed sowing device with self-aligning floating seed plate and seeder Download PDFInfo
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- CN115606347A CN115606347A CN202211469549.6A CN202211469549A CN115606347A CN 115606347 A CN115606347 A CN 115606347A CN 202211469549 A CN202211469549 A CN 202211469549A CN 115606347 A CN115606347 A CN 115606347A
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- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/06—Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
- A01C7/081—Seeders depositing seeds in rows using pneumatic means
- A01C7/082—Ducts, distribution pipes or details thereof for pneumatic seeders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of dual-purpose agricultural mechanical devices, and particularly relates to a pneumatic seed sowing device and a seeder with self-aligning floating seed plates, which comprise a pneumatic seeding assembly, wherein the pneumatic seeding assembly comprises a driving assembly, a plurality of floating seed plate pneumatic seed sowing devices and a transmission assembly; the floating seed plate pneumatic type seed sowing device comprises an airflow cavity, a seed sowing plate and a seed sowing shaft assembly, wherein the seed sowing shaft assembly comprises a central shaft and a claw-shaped elastic member, and the seed sowing plate is pressed on two sides of the airflow cavity under the action of the claw-shaped elastic member. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the seeding plate can automatically compensate the friction loss generated in the running process of the seeding plate, effectively prevent the overload damage of the driving motor caused by the abnormal rise of the torsion of the seeding plate, and has the advantages of convenient disassembly and maintenance, easy processing, low assembly difficulty, high working efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dual-purpose agricultural mechanical devices, and particularly relates to a pneumatic seed sowing device and a pneumatic seed sowing machine with a self-aligning floating seed plate.
Background
The pneumatic seed sowing device is widely applied due to the advantages of seed adaptability, seed sowing precision, operation effect and the like, in order to improve the adaptability to different bean planting agriculture, the existing document 'design and test of a one-device double-row pneumatic high-speed fine seed sowing device for bean crops' (Li Yuhuan and other works) discloses a one-device double-row pneumatic high-speed precise seed sowing device, the double-row sowing operation is realized by adopting a single-air-duct single-row seed sowing plate, the high-speed precise narrow-row close planting operation is realized, wherein the seed sowing plate is fixed on a transmission shaft and rotates clockwise under the drive of a land wheel or other power sources; however, because the seed tray and the transmission shaft are rigidly connected, vibration can occur due to unevenness in the field in the operation process, and the problem of air leakage can occur due to abrasion between the seed tray and the outer side surface of the air cavity; secondly, in practical application, a transmission shaft for driving a seed plate needs to extend out of a shell of the seed sowing device and is driven by matching a driving chain wheel and a driving chain, so that the transmission shaft is tensioned by the driving chain and generates unilateral radial tension in the operation process, the driving shafts on two sides of the seed sowing device are easy to be unbalanced in stress, and the problem of seed plate clamping is easy to occur; the existing air pump is usually arranged in front of a speed change gear box, and the air guide pipe is longer due to the fact that the existing air pump is far away from a seed sowing device, so that air pressure loss can be increased; in addition, how to expand the application range of the seeding apparatus is a problem which is continuously concerned by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pneumatic seed sowing device and a seeder with a self-aligning floating seed plate, aiming at the problems that the seed plate of the existing pneumatic seed sowing device is rigidly connected with a transmission shaft and the air leakage of an air flow cavity occurs due to vibration in the operation process.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a seeding machine with a self-aligning floating seed plate pneumatic seeding apparatus comprises a rotary tillage assembly, a fertilizer discharging assembly, a pneumatic wheat seeding assembly, a pneumatic seeding assembly and a fan;
the pneumatic seeding assembly comprises a driving assembly, a plurality of floating seed plate pneumatic seed metering devices and a transmission assembly; the transmission assemblies are respectively arranged between the driving assembly and the floating seed plate pneumatic seed sowing device and between the driving assembly and the adjacent floating seed plate pneumatic seed sowing devices;
the pneumatic seed sowing device with the floating seed plates comprises an airflow cavity, seed sowing plates and a seed sowing shaft assembly for driving the seed sowing plates to rotate, wherein the seed sowing plates which are arranged in a back-to-back mode are arranged on two sides of the airflow cavity, a central hole is formed in the center of each seed sowing plate, and a plurality of strip-shaped transmission grooves are distributed in an annular mode on the outer side surfaces of the seed sowing plates and located on the peripheries of the central holes;
the seed shaft assembly comprises a central shaft and a claw-shaped elastic member, the claw-shaped elastic member comprises annular gaskets and elastic strain gauges, the number of the elastic strain gauges corresponds to that of the strip-shaped transmission grooves, the elastic strain gauges are distributed annularly, the whole elastic strain gauges are of a folded structure, strip-shaped presser feet parallel to the seed plate are arranged at the bottoms of the elastic strain gauges, and the strip-shaped presser feet are clamped in the strip-shaped transmission grooves; the claw-shaped elastic component is sleeved on the central shaft, the seed sowing plate is pressed and connected to two sides of the airflow cavity under the action of the claw-shaped elastic component, and two ends of the central shaft are connected with the transmission assemblies.
Specifically, the width of the strip-shaped presser foot is the same as that of the strip-shaped transmission groove, the length of the strip-shaped presser foot is smaller than that of the strip-shaped transmission groove, when the annular gasket is subjected to different pressures, the strip-shaped presser foot can slide relatively in the strip-shaped transmission groove to keep clamping, the claw-shaped elastic component realizes floating connection on the seed metering disc, the air tightness of the airflow cavity can be ensured, and the seeding effect is further ensured.
Specifically, two sides of the strip-shaped presser foot extend outwards to form turnups which are arranged obliquely, the angle theta of the turnups changes according to the size of the torsion required by the seed plate, and the smaller the angle is, the smaller the force required for jumping out of the groove is.
Specifically, the central shaft penetrates through the airflow cavity and is fixed by a bearing, a columnar washer is sleeved outside the central shaft, the seed metering disc is sleeved outside the columnar washer and is in clearance fit with the columnar washer, an annular gasket is arranged on the outer side of the columnar washer and then is fixed by a gasket and a nut, namely, a claw-shaped elastic component is fixed on the outer side of the columnar washer, the elastic strain gauge is meshed with the strip-shaped transmission groove in a pressing state, and the seed metering disc is driven to do circular motion by the meshing of the strip-shaped presser foot and the seed metering disc;
a hexagonal through hole coaxial with the central shaft is arranged in the central shaft, strip-shaped positioning notches with outward openings and arranged axially are arranged at two ends of the central shaft, and a jackscrew hole penetrating along the radial direction is arranged at the center of the central shaft along the axis; a mandrel matched with a positioning pin is arranged in the hexagonal through hole, two end faces of the mandrel are positioned in the central shaft, the end face of the mandrel is an inwards concave spherical surface, the inward concave depth from the outermost end of the mandrel to the end part of the central shaft is L, and the inward concave depth L can influence the depth dimension of the hexagonal prism ball head;
annular gasket's interior aperture inboard is equipped with the location boss that matches with bar location notch, and the angle improves assembly efficiency and the degree of accuracy when easy to assemble claw shape elastic component.
Specifically, the transmission assembly comprises a hexagonal prism body and a hexagonal prism sleeve, the hexagonal prism body comprises a prism body and a hexagonal prism head, and a plurality of pin holes are axially distributed in the prism body; the shaft body part of the hexagonal prismatic shaft is inserted into two ends of the hexagonal prismatic shaft sleeve, is fixed by pin joint of a pin and is fixed by a B-type bayonet lock; the transmission component can be adjusted in integral length by being fixed with pin holes at different positions;
the axial section of the hexagonal prism ball head is a regular hexagon, the outer edge of the radial section is composed of two tangent arcs, the diameters of the two tangent arcs are the same, the diameter is the width dimension D of the opposite side of the hexagonal prism shaft, and the axial center distance of the two arcs is D/2;
the depth of invagination L is defined in relation to the diameter D as follows: d > L > D/2;
the hexagonal prism ball head can be ensured to extend into a certain length but can not extend into the whole ball head; the hexagonal-prism ball head mainly extends into the central shaft and then is clamped, and in order to drive the central shaft, the axial section of the hexagonal-prism ball head is a regular hexagon; the outer edge of the radial tangent plane is similar to an S shape, the front end of the hexagonal prism ball head can be not a complete cambered surface, and a longitudinal tangent plane can be arranged at the end part of the ball body; the circular arc at the rear side of the hexagonal prism head can also be a straight line, a broken line and the like, so that a groove is formed between the hexagonal prism head and the prism body, and the hexagonal prism head and the central shaft are arranged at an angle in order to avoid interference.
In order to ensure lubrication, an oil injection nozzle is arranged at a position, close to the hexagonal prism head, of the prism body, a concentric hole coaxial with the prism body is arranged at the end part of the hexagonal prism head, the concentric hole is communicated with the inside of the prism body, lubricating oil can be added through the oil injection nozzle, and the transmission effect of the transmission assembly and the central shaft is ensured.
A driving motor is arranged on the rack, and the driving of the seed metering disc is realized through a sectional type transmission assembly and a central shaft, wherein the driving assembly comprises a driving motor, a transmission chain wheel and a transmission chain; the driving shaft sleeve is internally provided with a hexagonal through hole, a driving mandrel is fixed in the driving shaft sleeve, and the distance from the end face of the driving mandrel to the end face of the driving shaft sleeve is the inward sinking depth L.
The rotary tillage assembly comprises a driving gear box and a rotary tillage roller, the driving gear box comprises an input shaft, an upper output shaft and a lower output shaft, the input shaft is connected with a transmission shaft of a tractor, a driving belt wheel is arranged on the outer side of the upper output shaft, the driving belt wheel is connected with a fan through a driving belt, and the fan is arranged on the rear side of the driving gear box;
the fan comprises positive and negative pressure ends, a first air channel is divided into four parts by an air distribution mechanism, and the air guide pipe is connected with the airflow cavity through an air guide pipe; because of the installation position relationship of the fan, the distance between the fan and the seed sowing device is shortened, and the length of the air guide pipe can be effectively shortened; the lower output shaft is connected with the rotary tillage roller.
The seed discharging plate can be replaced, and small-grain crops such as wheat and rape can be sown, and large-grain and medium-grain crops such as corn, soybean and sorghum can be sown at the same time; through the connection of switching over the pipeline, can realize realizing the multipurpose practicality of machines with the different seed metering devices of one set of air supply system collocation, widen the application scope of seeding machines, improve the utilization ratio of seeder, reduce the input of machines cost in the crop planting link.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The end part of the central shaft is flush with the shell of the seed sowing device by reasonably designing the structure of the central shaft, the torsion of the seed sowing disc is driven by the hexagonal prism shaft, so that the stress of the central shaft is more uniform, and the seed sowing device is not influenced by the unilateral radial tension generated by the tensioning and running of the driving chain due to the reduction of structures such as an extension shaft, a driving chain wheel and the like, so that the seed sowing device is effectively prevented from being blocked due to the eccentric tension and pressure action on the two sides of the seed sowing device, and the service life of the seed sowing device is prolonged;
(2) The central shaft sleeve is connected with the seed metering disc in a floating mode by reasonably designing the structure of the claw-shaped elastic component, and the seed metering disc is tightly attached to the outer side surface of the air cavity under the elastic pressure of the claw-shaped elastic component; in the sowing work, the seed discharging plate can automatically compensate the friction loss generated in the running process of the seed discharging plate due to the elastic force, so that the seed discharging plate is tightly attached to the airflow chamber, the air tightness of the seed discharging device is improved, and the sowing effect is further ensured;
(3) The claw-shaped elastic member is clamped in the strip-shaped transmission groove through the strip-shaped presser foot, the elastic strain gauge rotates along with the central transmission shaft and drives the seed metering disc to rotate, if the seed metering disc is in temperature rise due to long-time work and friction of a seed metering device air cavity, so that the seed disc is glued with the cavity or the rotating torque of the seed metering disc is abnormally raised due to other reasons, the elastic strain gauge deforms due to overlarge torque, the strip-shaped presser foot is separated from the strip-shaped transmission groove, the elastic member slides relative to the seed metering disc, and the overload damage of a driving motor due to the abnormal rise of the torque of the seed metering disc can be effectively prevented;
(4) The central shaft is matched with the hexagonal-prism-shaped ball head, so that the central deviation of the seed sowing device caused by assembly or processing errors can be adapted, and the problem of non-concentricity of the seed sowing device in a certain range can be solved;
because hexagonal prism and hexagonal axle sleeve hookup location are adjustable, conveniently adjust the holistic length of sectional type transmission assembly, can adjust according to the practical application scene, compare in traditional seed metering ware symmetrical arrangement or a logical axle transmission have dismantle maintain convenient, easily processing, assemble the advantage such as the degree of difficulty is low that the degree of difficulty is hanged down
(5) The fan is arranged at the rear side of the driving gear box, the distance between the fan and the seed sowing device is shortened, the length of the air duct can be shortened, the accessory cost is reduced, meanwhile, the air pressure loss caused by overlong air duct can be effectively reduced, and the mechanical efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the sowing machine.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the position structure of the drive gear box.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the floating-seed-disk pneumatic seeding apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a floating-disk pneumatic seed-metering device.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a part of the internal structure of a floating-disk pneumatic seed-metering device.
FIG. 6 is a side schematic view and a cross-sectional view of the gas flow chamber.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the central shaft.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the claw-shaped elastic member.
Fig. 9 is a front view of the claw-shaped elastic member.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the seed discharge plate.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the drive gear box.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the transmission assembly.
FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of the transmission assembly.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the blower fan.
The pneumatic seeding machine comprises a rotary tillage assembly 1, a driving gear box 11, an input shaft 111, an upper output shaft 112, a driving belt wheel 113, a fertilizer discharging assembly 2, a pneumatic wheat seeding assembly 3, a pneumatic seeding assembly 4, a pneumatic seeding assembly 411, a driving motor 412, a driving chain wheel 413, a driving chain 42, a floating seed disk pneumatic seeding device 421, an air flow cavity 422, a seeding disk 4221, a central hole 4222, a strip-shaped driving groove 4222, a seed discharging box 43, a seed discharging shaft assembly 5, a central shaft 51, a hexagonal through hole 511, a mandrel 512, a strip-shaped positioning notch 513, a jackscrew hole 514, a claw-shaped elastic component 52, an annular gasket 521, an elastic strain sheet 522, a strip-shaped pressure foot 523, a flanging 524, a positioning boss 525, a concentric column-shaped gasket 53, a gasket 54, a nut, a transmission assembly 6, a gas distribution shaft 61, a ball head shaft 611, a prism body 611, a pin hole 11, a hexagonal prism hole 612, a hexagonal nozzle 613, an oil injection nozzle 614, a prism hole 62, a prism sleeve 617-8-blower fan and a fan mechanism.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-14, a seeding machine using a pneumatic seed sowing device with a self-aligning floating seed plate comprises a rotary tillage assembly 1, a fertilizer discharging assembly 2, a pneumatic wheat sowing assembly 3, a pneumatic sowing assembly 4, a frame 7 and a fan 8;
the pneumatic seeding assembly 4 comprises a driving assembly, a plurality of floating seed plate pneumatic seed metering devices 42 and a transmission assembly 6;
the driving assembly comprises a driving motor 411, a transmission chain wheel 412 and a transmission chain 413; the driving motor 411 is mounted on the frame 7, the frame 7 is provided with two driving chain wheels 412 in the vertical direction, the two driving chain wheels 412 are connected through a driving chain 413, the driving chain wheel 412 on the lower side is connected with the driving motor 411, the driving chain wheel 412 on the upper side is connected with a driving shaft sleeve, a hexagonal through hole is formed in the driving shaft sleeve, a driving mandrel is fixed in the driving shaft sleeve, and the distance from the end surface of the driving mandrel to the end surface of the driving shaft sleeve is the inward sinking depth L; the driving shaft sleeve and the driving mandrel can refer to the structure of the central shaft and the mandrel and mainly play a role in connecting a driving chain wheel and the driving assembly 6, and are not specifically discussed here;
the floating seed disk pneumatic seed metering device 42 comprises an airflow cavity 421, a seed disk 422 and a seed shaft assembly 5 for driving the seed disk 422 to rotate, seed boxes 43 are arranged on two sides of the airflow cavity 421, the seed disk 422 is arranged in the seed boxes 43, a central hole 4221 is arranged at the center position of the seed disk 422, and 6 strip-shaped transmission grooves 4222 are annularly distributed on the part of the outer side surface of the seed disk 422, which is positioned at the periphery of the central hole 4221;
the seeding shaft assembly 5 comprises a central shaft 51 and a claw-shaped elastic member 52, the claw-shaped elastic member 52 comprises an annular gasket 521 and 6 elastic strain gauges 522, the elastic strain gauges 522 are distributed annularly, the elastic strain gauges 522 are integrally of a folded structure, the bottom of each elastic strain gauge 522 is provided with a strip-shaped presser foot 523 parallel to the seeding disc 422, and the strip-shaped presser foot 523 is clamped in a strip-shaped transmission groove 4222; the claw-shaped elastic component 52 is sleeved on the central shaft 51, and the seed sowing plate 422 is pressed and connected to two sides of the airflow cavity 421 under the action of the claw-shaped elastic component 52; the strip-shaped presser foot 523 and the strip-shaped transmission groove 4222 have the same width, the length of the strip-shaped presser foot 523 is smaller than that of the strip-shaped transmission groove 4222, and when the annular gasket 521 is subjected to different pressures, the strip-shaped presser foot 523 can slide relatively in the strip-shaped transmission groove 4222 and keep meshing, so that the claw-shaped elastic member 52 realizes floating connection with the seed metering disc 422;
the central shaft 51 penetrates through the airflow cavity 421 and is fixed by a bearing, the central shaft 51 is sleeved with the column-shaped gasket 53, the seed metering disc 422 is sleeved outside the column-shaped gasket 53 and is in clearance fit with the column-shaped gasket 53, the outer side of the column-shaped gasket 53 is provided with the annular gasket 521 and then is fixed by the gasket and the nut 54, namely, the claw-shaped elastic member 52 is fixed at the outer side of the column-shaped gasket 53, the elastic strain gauge 522 is meshed with the strip-shaped transmission groove 4222 in a pressing state, and the seed metering disc 422 is driven to do circular motion by the meshing of the strip-shaped presser foot 523 and the seed metering disc 422;
a hexagonal through hole 511 which is coaxial with the central shaft 51 is arranged in the central shaft 51, strip-shaped positioning notches 513 with outward openings and arranged axially are arranged at two ends of the central shaft 51, and a jackscrew hole 514 which penetrates through the central shaft 51 along the radial direction is arranged at the center of the axial line; a mandrel 512 matched with a positioning pin is arranged in the hexagonal through hole 511, two end faces of the mandrel 512 are positioned in the central shaft 51, the end face of the mandrel 512 is an inwards concave spherical surface, and the inward concave depth of the outermost end of the mandrel 512 from the end part of the central shaft 51 is L; the inner hole diameter of the annular gasket 521 is provided with a positioning boss 525 which is matched with the strip-shaped positioning notch 513 on the inner side;
the transmission assembly 6 comprises a hexagonal prism body 61 and a hexagonal prism sleeve 62, the hexagonal prism body 61 comprises a prism body 611 and a hexagonal prism head 612, and the prism body 611 is axially provided with a pin hole 6111; the prism body 611 part of the hexagonal prism 61 is inserted into the two ends of the hexagonal prism sleeve 62, fixed by pins 63 and fixed by B-type bayonet; an oil injection nozzle 613 is arranged at the position, close to the hexagonal ball head 612, of the prism body 611, a concentric hole 614 coaxial with the prism body 611 is arranged at the end part of the hexagonal ball head 612, the concentric hole 614 is communicated with the inside of the prism body 611, lubricating oil can be added through the oil injection nozzle 613, and the transmission effect of the transmission assembly 6 and the central shaft 51 is ensured;
the axial section of the hexagonal-prism-shaped ball head 612 is a regular hexagon, as shown in fig. 14, the outer edge of the radial section is composed of two tangent arcs, the diameters of the two tangent arcs are the same, the diameter is the width dimension D of the opposite side of the hexagonal prism axis, and the axial center distance of the two arcs is D/2;
the depth of invagination L is defined in relation to the diameter D as follows: d > L > D/2;
the rotary tillage assembly 1 comprises a driving gear box 11, the driving gear box 11 comprises an input shaft 111, an upper output shaft 112 and a lower output shaft, the input shaft 111 is connected with a transmission shaft of a tractor for power input, a driving pulley 113 is arranged on the outer side of the upper output shaft 112, the driving pulley 113 is connected with a fan 8 through a driving belt, and the fan 8 is arranged on the rear side of the driving gear box 11; the gearbox is internally provided with a middle transition conical gear, the opposite side of the input shaft 111 is provided with an upper output shaft 112, the upper output shaft 112 is driven by the middle transition conical gear, a transition large gear coaxial with the transition conical gear is a lower output shaft connecting accessory and is directly connected with a gear on a driving rotary tillage roller for driving, the transition large gear is the prior art in the field and is not the innovation point of the invention, and the description is not provided;
the positive and negative pressure ends of the fan 8 divide the air passage one into four through the air distribution mechanism 81, and the air passage is connected with the airflow cavity 421 through an air guide pipe; because of the installation position relationship of the fan 8, the distance between the fan and the floating seed tray pneumatic seed sowing device 42 is shortened, and the length of the air guide pipe can be effectively shortened;
in the embodiment, the driving shaft sleeve comprises four transmission assemblies, a driving shaft sleeve of the driving assembly is clamped with a hexagonal ball head 612 on the left side of a first transmission assembly (the first is in sequence from left to right in the figure), the hexagonal ball head 612 on the right side of the first transmission assembly is clamped with the left end of a central shaft 51 of a first seed sowing device, and the right end of the central shaft 51 of the first seed sowing device is clamped with the hexagonal ball head 612 on the left side of a second transmission assembly; by analogy, the hexagonal ball head 612 on the right side of the fourth transmission assembly is clamped with the left end of the central shaft 51 of the fourth seed sowing device;
in the present embodiment, for convenience of description, the seed metering device 42 with a floating seed disk is defined by distinguishing the seed metering devices at different positions by using a first seed metering device and a second seed metering device, and is not limited to protection.
The driving motor 411 drives the first transmission assembly through the transmission chain 413 and the transmission chain wheel 412, and sequentially drives the central shaft of the first seed sowing device, the central shaft of the second transmission assembly, the central shaft of the second seed sowing device and the like to rotate, so that the seed sowing disc rotates, and the fan is matched to complete seed sowing work.
Meanwhile, each section of transmission assembly is of an independent structure and can be adjusted according to the actual assembly condition, the problem of non-concentricity in the assembly of the seed metering devices in a fixed range can be solved, the seed metering device is suitable for a plurality of seed metering devices, the phenomenon that the seed metering discs 422 on two sides of the seed metering devices are blocked due to unbalanced stress is effectively prevented, the service life of the seed metering devices is prolonged, and compared with the traditional seed metering device which is symmetrically arranged or driven by a through shaft, the seed metering device has the advantages of convenience in disassembly and maintenance, easiness in processing and low assembly difficulty.
The principle of the floating connection is that the strip-shaped presser foot can slide in the strip-shaped transmission groove 4222 by pressing the annular gasket 521 of the claw-shaped elastic member 52 in the axial direction, friction loss generated in the rotation process of the seed metering disc 422 is automatically compensated by the claw-shaped elastic member 52 in the seeding work, so that the seed metering disc 422 is tightly attached to the airflow cavity 421, the air tightness of the seed metering device is improved, and the seed metering effect is further ensured.
The seeder also has an anti-locking function, the claw-shaped elastic member 52 is clamped in the strip-shaped transmission groove 4222 through the strip-shaped presser foot 523, the elastic strain gauge 522 rotates along with the central shaft 51 and simultaneously drives the seed plate 422 to rotate, if the temperature of the seed plate 422 is increased due to the friction between the seed plate 422 and the air flow cavity 421 of the seeding device after long-time operation, the seed plate 422 is glued with the air flow cavity 421, or the rotating torsion of the seed plate 422 is abnormally increased due to other reasons, the elastic strain gauge deforms the presser foot due to overlarge torsion, the presser foot is separated from the strip-shaped transmission groove 4222, the claw-shaped elastic member 52 slides relative to the seed plate 422, and the overload damage of the driving motor 411 due to the abnormal rise of the torsion of the seed plate 422 can be effectively prevented.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 14, 6 pin holes 6111 are axially distributed on the prism body 611, are fixed by pins 63, and are fixed by B-type bayonet pins; the transmission component can be adjusted in integral length by being fixed with pin holes at different positions; can adjust according to the actual installation condition, guarantee transmission validity.
Example 3
On the basis of the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 8-9, two sides of the strip-shaped presser foot 523 extend outwards to form obliquely arranged flanges 524, an angle θ of the flanges 524 is 30 °, if the temperature of the seed plate 422 is increased due to long-time operation and friction with the air flow cavity 421 of the seed metering device, so that the seed plate 422 and the air flow cavity 421 are glued together, or the rotational torsion of the seed plate 422 is abnormally increased due to other reasons, the elastic strain gauge will deform the strip-shaped presser foot 523 due to the excessively large torsion, and the strip-shaped presser foot 523 is more easily disengaged from the strip-shaped transmission groove 4222 by arranging the flanges 524.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and it is to be understood that all embodiments may be combined as appropriate by one of ordinary skill in the art to form other embodiments as will be apparent to those of skill in the art from the description herein.
Claims (10)
1. A pneumatic seed sowing device with a self-aligning floating seed plate is characterized in that the pneumatic seed sowing device with the floating seed plate comprises an airflow cavity, a seed sowing plate and a seed sowing shaft assembly for driving the seed sowing plate to rotate, wherein seed sowing plates which are arranged in a back-to-back manner are arranged on two sides of the airflow cavity, a central hole is formed in the central position of each seed sowing plate, and a plurality of strip-shaped transmission grooves are annularly distributed in the part, located on the periphery of the central hole, of the outer side surface of each seed sowing plate;
the seed shaft assembly comprises a central shaft and a claw-shaped elastic member, the claw-shaped elastic member comprises annular gaskets and elastic strain gauges, the number of the elastic strain gauges corresponds to that of the strip-shaped transmission grooves, the elastic strain gauges are distributed annularly, the whole elastic strain gauge is of a folded structure, strip-shaped presser feet parallel to the seed plate are arranged at the bottom of the elastic strain gauges, and the strip-shaped presser feet are clamped in the strip-shaped transmission grooves; the claw-shaped elastic component is sleeved on the central shaft, and the seed sowing plate is pressed and connected to two sides of the airflow cavity under the action of the claw-shaped elastic component.
2. A pneumatic seed metering device with self-aligning floating seed disc as claimed in claim 1 wherein the strip presser foot is the same width as the strip drive groove and the length of the strip presser foot is less than the length of the strip drive groove.
3. A pneumatic seed sowing device with self-aligning floating seed plates as claimed in claim 2, wherein two sides of the strip-shaped presser foot extend outwards to form obliquely arranged flanges.
4. A pneumatic seed sowing device with a self-aligning floating seed disc as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the central shaft penetrates through the air flow cavity and is fixed by a bearing, the central shaft is sleeved with a column-shaped gasket, the seed sowing disc is sleeved outside the column-shaped gasket and is in clearance fit with the column-shaped gasket, and the outer side of the column-shaped gasket is provided with an annular gasket and then is fixed by a gasket and a nut;
a hexagonal through hole coaxial with the central shaft is arranged in the central shaft, strip-shaped positioning notches with outward openings and arranged axially are arranged at two ends of the central shaft, and a jackscrew hole penetrating along the radial direction is arranged at the center of the central shaft along the axis; a mandrel matched with a positioning pin is arranged in the hexagonal through hole, two end faces of the mandrel are positioned in the central shaft, the end face of the mandrel is an inwards concave spherical surface, and the inward concave depth from the outermost end of the mandrel to the end part of the central shaft is L;
the inner aperture of the annular gasket is inwardly provided with a positioning boss matched with the strip-shaped positioning notch.
5. A seeding machine utilizing a pneumatic seed metering device with a self-aligning floating seed tray as claimed in claim 4, comprising a rotary tillage assembly, a fertilizer discharging assembly, a pneumatic wheat seeding assembly, a pneumatic seeding assembly and a fan;
the pneumatic seeding assembly comprises a driving assembly, a plurality of floating seed tray pneumatic seeding devices and a transmission assembly; and transmission assemblies are respectively arranged between the driving assembly and the floating seed plate pneumatic seed sowing device and between the driving assembly and the adjacent floating seed plate pneumatic seed sowing devices.
6. The seeding machine as claimed in claim 5, wherein the transmission assembly includes a hexagonal shaft and a hexagonal shaft sleeve, the hexagonal shaft includes a shaft body and a hexagonal ball head, and the shaft body is axially provided with a plurality of pin holes; the prism body part of the hexagonal prism shaft is inserted into the two ends of the hexagonal prism shaft sleeve and is fixed through pin joint of pins.
7. The seeding machine as claimed in claim 6, wherein the axial section of the hexagonal-prism-shaped ball head is a regular hexagon, the outer edge of the radial section is composed of two tangent circular arcs, the diameters of the two circular arcs are the same, the diameter is the width dimension D of the hexagonal prism on the axial side, and the axial center distance of the two circular arcs is D/2;
the depth of invagination L is defined in relation to the diameter D as follows:
D>L>D /2。
8. the seed planter as claimed in claim 6, wherein said shaft body is provided with an oil nipple adjacent to said hexagonal ball head, and wherein said hexagonal ball head is provided with a concentric bore concentric with said shaft body, said concentric bore communicating with the interior of said shaft body.
9. The seed planter as claimed in claim 5, including a frame, wherein said drive assembly includes a drive motor, a drive sprocket, and a drive chain; the driving shaft sleeve is internally provided with a hexagonal through hole, a driving mandrel is fixed in the driving shaft sleeve, and the distance from the end face of the driving mandrel to the end face of the driving shaft sleeve is the inward sinking depth L.
10. The seeding machine as claimed in claim 5, wherein the rotary tillage assembly includes a drive gear box and a rotary tillage roller, the drive gear box includes an input shaft, an upper output shaft and a lower output shaft, the input shaft is connected with a transmission shaft of the tractor, the upper output shaft is connected with a fan through a drive belt, the fan is arranged at the rear side of the drive gear box, and the lower output shaft is connected with the rotary tillage roller; the fan is connected with an air duct through a gas distribution mechanism, and the air duct is connected with the airflow cavity.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211469549.6A CN115606347B (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | Pneumatic seed metering device with self-aligning floating seed tray and seeder |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211469549.6A CN115606347B (en) | 2022-11-22 | 2022-11-22 | Pneumatic seed metering device with self-aligning floating seed tray and seeder |
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| CN115606347A true CN115606347A (en) | 2023-01-17 |
| CN115606347B CN115606347B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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| CN102027825A (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2011-04-27 | 中国农业大学 | Mechanical/pneumatic combined internal-charging type precision corn seed sowing device |
| CN204069710U (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-01-07 | 湖北玉柴发动机有限公司 | A kind of driven sucking precise seeder |
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| WO2020221112A1 (en) * | 2019-04-27 | 2020-11-05 | 山东理工大学 | Air-suction garlic orienting and seeding device |
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2022
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| CN102027825A (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2011-04-27 | 中国农业大学 | Mechanical/pneumatic combined internal-charging type precision corn seed sowing device |
| CN204069710U (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2015-01-07 | 湖北玉柴发动机有限公司 | A kind of driven sucking precise seeder |
| CN107615952A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-01-23 | 吉林省康达农业机械有限公司 | Blowing-type metering device |
| CN208175280U (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-12-04 | 青岛农业大学 | Electric-controlled type ridging precision drilling all-in-one machine |
| WO2020221112A1 (en) * | 2019-04-27 | 2020-11-05 | 山东理工大学 | Air-suction garlic orienting and seeding device |
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