CN115602354A - Light aluminum alloy wire harness for automobile and processing technology thereof - Google Patents
Light aluminum alloy wire harness for automobile and processing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115602354A CN115602354A CN202211206158.5A CN202211206158A CN115602354A CN 115602354 A CN115602354 A CN 115602354A CN 202211206158 A CN202211206158 A CN 202211206158A CN 115602354 A CN115602354 A CN 115602354A
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- aluminum alloy
- alloy wire
- wire harness
- parts
- processing technology
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Links
- 229910001095 light aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- OVYTZAASVAZITK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethanol;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].CCO OVYTZAASVAZITK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl methylphosphonate Chemical compound COP(C)(=O)OC VONWDASPFIQPDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PXMJCECEFTYEKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-, methyl ester Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 PXMJCECEFTYEKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)OCC PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium hydroxide monohydrate Substances [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940040692 lithium hydroxide monohydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000009858 dingxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)C([O-])=O SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/012—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for manufacturing wire harnesses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
- H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a light aluminum alloy wire harness for an automobile and a processing technology thereof. Step 1: melting aluminum, iron, copper, silicon, magnesium, zinc and boron; putting the mixture into a heat preservation furnace, adding an intermediate alloy, and uniformly fusing; introducing nitrogen for refining and slagging off to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; step 2: the aluminum alloy melt flows into a casting machine to cast strips; rolling and heat treating in a rolling mill to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor; continuously drawing the aluminum alloy wire for three times to obtain an aluminum alloy wire; twisting and annealing the aluminum alloy core to obtain an aluminum alloy conductive core; and 3, step 3: and extruding the aluminum alloy conductive core and the insulating layer material by an extruder to obtain the light aluminum alloy wire harness. By optimizing the raw materials in the aluminum alloy conductive core, the conductivity and the mechanical property are improved, and meanwhile, the material and the proportion of the insulating material are optimized, so that the electrical property and the mechanical property of the insulating layer are improved. Therefore, the aluminum alloy wire harness meets the high-pressure quick-charging performance of the automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a light aluminum alloy wire harness for an automobile and a processing technology thereof.
Background
The vigorous advocation and development of research and development technologies of clean energy enable new energy electric vehicles to develop rapidly. At present, one of the core technologies of electric vehicles lies in the fast charging technology; the insulated cable is a core of the charging technology of the electric vehicle, and is widely researched.
In the current research, copper has high cost and is relatively heavy, and aluminum has good corrosion resistance and is relatively light; therefore, in the study of cables, aluminum alloy wire harnesses have been obtained as a cable material by using an aluminum material as a conductive core and extruding through an insulating layer. The conductive core material has a coarse needle-like iron structure due to the increase of the iron content, so that the tensile strength of the conductive core material is reduced, and the aluminum conductive core has low strength and poor impact resistance; meanwhile, the conductivity of the high-strength aluminum alloy is lower than 50% of that of pure copper, and the conductivity is poor. On the other hand, the promotion of conducting core material electrical conductivity can have heat accumulation in the charging process for insulating material is ageing with higher speed, has shortened the life of cable, consequently, when promoting conducting core material performance, also need carry out the promotion of corresponding performance to the insulating layer, makes it still have excellent thermal behavior and insulating properties under high-power charging performance.
In conclusion, the problems are solved, so that the conductive core and the insulating material have the performance matched with each other, and the preparation of the light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light aluminum alloy wire harness for an automobile and a processing technology thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a processing technology of a light aluminum alloy wire harness for an automobile comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting aluminum into a smelting furnace, and melting; sequentially adding iron, copper, silicon, magnesium, zinc and boron, and heating and melting in a stepped manner; putting the mixture into a heat preservation furnace, adding an intermediate alloy, and uniformly fusing; introducing nitrogen for refining and slagging off to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
and 2, step: the aluminum alloy melt flows into a casting machine to cast strips; rolling and heat treating in a rolling mill to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor; continuously drawing the aluminum alloy wire for three times to obtain an aluminum alloy wire; twisting and annealing the aluminum alloy core to obtain an aluminum alloy conductive core;
and step 3: and extruding the aluminum alloy conductive core and the insulating layer material by an extruder to obtain the light aluminum alloy wire harness.
Preferably, in the step 1, the raw materials of the aluminum alloy melt comprise the following components: according to 100 parts by mass, 0.4-0.5 part of iron, 0.2-0.3 part of copper, 0.04-0.08 part of silicon, 0.1-0.2 part of magnesium, 0.02-0.03 part of zinc, 0.02-0.04 part of boron, 1.9-1.95 parts of intermediate alloy and the balance of aluminum.
Preferably, the intermediate alloy comprises Al-10Ca, al-10Mn, al-10Ce and Al-10Zr in a mass ratio of 0.5 (0.6-0.8) to (0.4-0.6) to (0.2-0.25).
Preferably, in the step 1, the melting temperature is 720-750 ℃; in the step heating and melting process, the temperature is 800-850-900-1200-1500 ℃ in sequence; the temperature of the heat preservation furnace is 720-750 ℃; in the nitrogen refining process, the gas pressure is 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the flow is 1-2 m 3 The time is 20 to 30 minutes per hr.
Preferably, in the step 2, in the rolling process, hot rolling is firstly carried out at 480-500 ℃, then cold rolling is carried out to discharge, and the temperature is 250-280 ℃; the heat treatment temperature is 350-360 ℃, and the time is 2-3 hours; in the three-time continuous drawing process, drawing for the first time at 10-30 m/s, drawing for the second time at 8-10 m/s, and drawing for the third time at 5-8 m/s; the annealing temperature is 300-350 ℃, and the time is 1-2 hours.
Preferably, in the step 3, the compression ratio of extrusion is 1.2, the extrusion temperature is 160-200 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 8-10 MPa.
Preferably, the raw materials of the insulating layer material comprise the following components: 38-40 parts of modified ethylene propylene diene monomer, 50-55 parts of polypropylene, 7-10 parts of macromolecular antioxidant, 0.8-1 part of dicumyl peroxide, 10-15 parts of boron nitride, 10-15 parts of fumed silica, 8-10 parts of graphene oxide, 1-2 parts of calcium stearate and 2-3 parts of vinyl triethoxysilane.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber comprises the following steps: placing ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber into a reaction bottle under the nitrogen atmosphere, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide ethanol solution at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ and the dropping speed of 100-120 rpm for 10-15 minutes, and stirring for 5-10 minutes; adding methyl methacrylate, heating to 75-85 ℃, increasing the rotating speed to 200-240 rpm, stirring for 1-2 hours, and evaporating ethanol to obtain modified ethylene propylene diene monomer;
wherein the ratio of sodium hydroxide and methyl methacrylate in ethylene propylene diene monomer and sodium hydroxide ethanol solution is 100: (1-1.6): (2.5-4); the concentration of the sodium hydroxide ethanol solution is 10 to 15 weight percent.
Preferably, the preparation method of the macromolecular antioxidant comprises the following steps: dispersing ethylene-vinyl acetate in dimethylbenzene under the atmosphere of nitrogen, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide ethanol solution at the temperature of 135-137 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100-120 rpm for 20-30 minutes, reacting for 30-40 minutes, washing, and drying to obtain hydroxylated ethylene-vinyl acetate; sequentially adding hydroxylated ethylene-vinyl acetate, 3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) methyl propionate and dimethyl methylphosphonate into a reaction bottle, stirring for 20-30 minutes at 80-85 ℃, adding lithium hydroxide monohydrate, and reacting for 3-4 hours at 155-165 ℃; washing and drying to obtain a macromolecular antioxidant;
wherein the mass ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate to the sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide ethanol solution is 5; the mass ratio of hydroxylated ethylene-vinyl acetate to methyl 3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate to dimethyl methylphosphonate is 1.
The light aluminum alloy wire harness is prepared by the processing technology of the light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile.
In the technical scheme, the mechanical property is improved on the premise of ensuring high conductivity by introducing calcium, manganese, cerium and zirconium in proper proportion into the aluminum alloy conductive core; on the other hand, the ethylene propylene diene monomer is modified, so that the compatibility of the ethylene propylene diene monomer with polypropylene is improved, and the ethylene propylene diene monomer is cooperated with a macromolecular antioxidant and various fillers to improve the electrical property and the mechanical property of the insulating layer. Therefore, the light aluminum alloy wire harness can meet the requirement of quick charging under high pressure, and the charging performance of the automobile is improved.
(1) In the scheme, al-10Ca, al-10Mn and Al-10Ce are introduced according to the mass ratio of 1; the introduction of calcium can improve the conductivity of the aluminum alloy conductive core, and the introduction of manganese can increase the precipitation effect, so that intermetallic compounds are arranged along the extrusion direction in the hot rolling process, thereby improving the tensile strength and the elongation at break of the aluminum alloy and obviously improving the strength of the aluminum alloy; however, when calcium and manganese are introduced simultaneously, the conductivity may be decreased compared to when calcium is introduced singly. On the other hand, the doping of the rare earth cerium can effectively refine the coarse needle-shaped objects, thereby improving the strength of the aluminum alloy conductive core; so that the introduced amount of manganese is reduced, and the decrease of the conductivity is suppressed; the introduction of zirconium can lead the manganese alloy metal to form Al with zirconium 3 Zr-L1 2 Thereby improving the electrical conductivity.
(2) In the scheme, the ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber is introduced as the elastomer, so that the brittleness of the polypropylene insulating material is inhibited, and the impact resistance is improved. Meanwhile, the ethylene propylene diene monomer is subjected to in-situ grafting under the introduction of sodium hydroxide and methacrylate, and sodium methacrylate is used as a phase solvent to enhance the crosslinking between the ethylene propylene diene monomer and polypropylene and improve the tensile strength and the impact toughness.
On the other hand, since small molecule additives such as antioxidant and vulcanizing agent migrate to the surface of the insulating layer during extrusion, mechanical properties are affected and the elongation at break of the insulating layer is deteriorated. Affecting service life and safety. Therefore, in the scheme, firstly, graphene oxide is introduced, and is a two-dimensional material, so that the graphene oxide has good pore penetration capacity for small-molecule additives, and on the other hand, edge functional groups of the graphene oxide can generate strong acting interfaces with certain molecular chain segments in a polymer matrix, so that the migration of dicumyl peroxide is inhibited by utilizing the characteristics of the graphene oxide. And secondly, the ethylene-vinyl acetate is taken as a main body, and is hydrolyzed to generate ester exchange reaction with 3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) methyl propionate and dimethyl methylphosphonate for grafting, so that a macromolecular antioxidant is formed, and the mobility of the macromolecular antioxidant is effectively inhibited. And because the structure of the ethylene-vinyl acetate is similar to that of the main chain of the polypropylene, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer has good compatibility, and the contained double bonds can effectively generate crosslinking with a main substance and have toughness, so that the introduction of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer further increases the tensile property and the impact resistance. And 3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) methyl propionate and dimethyl methylphosphonate are grafted simultaneously, so that the oxidation resistance is better than that of single perception.
In addition, the introduction of the graphene oxide can be used for improving the thermal stability and the thermal conductivity in cooperation with the fumed silica and the boron nitride, so that the safety under high current is improved. And the introduction of calcium stearate and vinyl triethoxysilane can effectively enhance the dispersibility of the filler and the interfacial action between polymers.
Therefore, the insulating material has excellent tensile strength and elasticity and excellent electrical insulation property by optimizing the proportion, so that the composite high-voltage cable is used.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
step 1: placing 100 parts by mass of aluminum in a smelting furnace at 750 ℃ for melting; sequentially adding 0.45 part of iron, 0.3 part of copper, 0.06 part of silicon, 0.15 part of magnesium, 0.03 part of zinc and 0.04 part of boron, and sequentially heating and melting in a stepped manner at 800-850-900-1200-1500 ℃; placing the mixture into a heat preservation furnace at 750 ℃, adding 1.91 parts of master alloy (0.5 part of Al-10Ca, 0.7 part of Al-10Mn, 0.5 part of Al-10Ce and 0.21 part of Al-10 Zr), and uniformly fusing for 2 hours; introducing nitrogen gas, wherein the gas pressure is 0.5MPa, and the flow is 1.5m 3 Refining for 20 minutes per hr, and slagging off to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
and 2, step: enabling the aluminum alloy melt to flow into a casting machine to cast strips and cooling to 450 ℃; rolling in a rolling mill: firstly, hot rolling is carried out at 480 ℃, and then, cold rolling is carried out until discharging is carried out, wherein the temperature is 280 ℃; heat treatment at 350 deg.C for 2 hr; carrying out heat treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor; it was subjected to three successive drawdowns: drawing for the first time at 20m/s, drawing for the second time at 10m/s, and drawing for the third time at 5m/s to obtain aluminum alloy filaments; twisting the aluminum alloy conductive core, and annealing at 300 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain an aluminum alloy conductive core;
and step 3: (1) Under the atmosphere of nitrogen, 100g of ethylene propylene diene monomer is placed in a reaction bottle, a sodium hydroxide ethanol solution (1.5 g of sodium hydroxide, 10 wt%) is dripped at the temperature of 65 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100rpm for 15 minutes, and the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes; adding 3.5g of methyl methacrylate, heating to 80 ℃, increasing the rotating speed to 200rpm, stirring for 1-2 hours, and evaporating ethanol to obtain the modified ethylene propylene diene monomer, wherein the proportion can be enlarged.
(2) Dispersing 5g of ethylene-vinyl acetate in 50g of dimethylbenzene under the atmosphere of nitrogen, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide ethanol solution (0.8 g of sodium hydroxide and 10 wt%) at the temperature of 136 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100rpm for 20 minutes, reacting for 40 minutes, washing and drying to obtain hydroxylated ethylene-vinyl acetate; 1g of hydroxylated ethylene-vinyl acetate, 10g of methyl 3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate and 5g of dimethyl methylphosphonate are sequentially added into a reaction bottle, stirred for 30 minutes at 85 ℃, added with 0.2g of lithium hydroxide monohydrate and reacted for 4 hours at 160 ℃; washing and drying to obtain the macromolecular antioxidant which can be amplified in equal proportion.
(3) Adding 2.5 parts by mass of vinyltriethoxysilane into 100 parts of 90wt% ethanol aqueous solution, adding 1.5 parts by mass of calcium stearate, 12 parts by mass of boron nitride, 15 parts by mass of fumed silica and 8 parts by mass of graphene oxide, placing the mixture in a ball mill, carrying out ball milling for 1 hour at 500rpm, drying to obtain a mixed filler, and uniformly mixing the mixed filler with 38 parts by mass of modified ethylene propylene diene monomer, 50 parts by mass of polypropylene, 7 parts by mass of macromolecular antioxidant and 1 part by mass of dicumyl peroxide to obtain an insulating layer material;
(4) And extruding the conductive core and the insulating layer material of the aluminum alloy by an extruder under the conditions that the compression ratio is 1.2, the extrusion temperature is 175 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 8MPa to obtain the light aluminum alloy wire harness.
Example 2:
step 1: placing 100 parts by mass of aluminum in a smelting furnace at 750 ℃ for melting; sequentially adding 0.45 part of iron, 0.3 part of copper, 0.06 part of silicon, 0.15 part of magnesium, 0.03 part of zinc and 0.04 part of boron, and sequentially heating and melting in a stepped manner at 800-850-900-1200-1500 ℃; putting the mixture into a heat preservation furnace at 750 ℃, adding 1.9 parts of master alloy (0.5 part of Al-10Ca, 0.6 part of Al-10Mn, 0.6 part of Al-10Ce and 0.2 part of Al-10 Zr), and uniformly fusing for 2 hours; introducing nitrogen, wherein the gas pressure is 0.5MPa and the flow is 1.5m 3 Refining for 20 minutes per hr, and slagging off to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
step 2: enabling the aluminum alloy melt to flow into a casting machine to cast strips and cooling to 450 ℃; rolling in a rolling mill: firstly, hot rolling is carried out at 480 ℃, and then, cold rolling is carried out until discharging is carried out, wherein the temperature is 280 ℃; heat treatment at 350 deg.C for 2 hr; carrying out heat treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor; it was subjected to three successive drawdowns: drawing for the first time at 20m/s, drawing for the second time at 10m/s, and drawing for the third time at 5m/s to obtain aluminum alloy filaments; twisting the aluminum alloy conductive core, and annealing at 300 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain an aluminum alloy conductive core;
and step 3: (1) Under the atmosphere of nitrogen, 100g of ethylene propylene diene monomer is placed in a reaction bottle, a sodium hydroxide ethanol solution (1 g of sodium hydroxide, 10 wt%) is dripped at the temperature of 65 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100rpm for 15 minutes, and the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes; adding 2.5g of methyl methacrylate, heating to 80 ℃, increasing the rotating speed to 200rpm, stirring for 1-2 hours, and evaporating ethanol to obtain the modified ethylene propylene diene monomer, wherein the proportion can be enlarged.
(2) Dispersing 5g of ethylene-vinyl acetate in 50g of dimethylbenzene under the nitrogen atmosphere, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide ethanol solution (0.6 g of sodium hydroxide and 10 wt%) at the temperature of 136 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100rpm for 20 minutes, reacting for 40 minutes, washing and drying to obtain hydroxylated ethylene-vinyl acetate; 1g of hydroxylated ethylene-vinyl acetate, 10g of methyl 3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate and 5g of dimethyl methylphosphonate are sequentially added into a reaction bottle, stirred for 30 minutes at 85 ℃, added with 0.2g of lithium hydroxide monohydrate and reacted for 4 hours at 160 ℃; washing and drying to obtain the macromolecular antioxidant which can be amplified in equal proportion.
(3) Adding 2 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane to 100 parts of 90wt% ethanol aqueous solution, adding 2 parts of calcium stearate, 10 parts of boron nitride, 15 parts of fumed silica and 10 parts of graphene oxide, placing the mixture in a ball mill, carrying out ball milling at 500rpm for 1 hour, drying to obtain a mixed filler, and uniformly mixing the mixed filler with 38 parts of modified ethylene propylene diene monomer, 55 parts of polypropylene, 7 parts of macromolecular antioxidant and 0.8 part of dicumyl peroxide to obtain an insulating layer material;
(4) And extruding the conductive core and the insulating layer material of the aluminum alloy by an extruder under the conditions that the compression ratio is 1.2, the extrusion temperature is 175 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 8MPa to obtain the light aluminum alloy wire harness.
Example 3:
step 1: placing 100 parts by mass of aluminum in a smelting furnace at 750 ℃ for melting; sequentially adding 0.45 part of iron, 0.3 part of copper, 0.06 part of silicon, 0.15 part of magnesium, 0.03 part of zinc and 0.04 part of boron, and sequentially heating and melting in a stepped manner at 800-850-900-1200-1500 ℃; putting the mixture into a heat preservation furnace at 750 ℃, adding 1.95 parts of master alloy (0.5 part of Al-10Ca, 0.8 part of Al-10Mn, 0.4 part of Al-10Ce and 0.25 part of Al-10 Zr), and uniformly fusing for 2 hours; introducing nitrogen gas, wherein the gas pressure is 0.5MPa, and the flow is 1.5m 3 Refining for 20 minutes per hr, and slagging off to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
step 2: enabling the aluminum alloy melt to flow into a casting machine to cast strips and cooling to 450 ℃; rolling in a rolling mill: firstly, hot rolling is carried out at 480 ℃, and then, cold rolling is carried out until discharging is carried out, wherein the temperature is 280 ℃; heat treatment at 350 deg.C for 2 hr; carrying out heat treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor; it was subjected to three successive drawdowns: drawing for the first time at 20m/s, drawing for the second time at 10m/s, and drawing for the third time at 5m/s to obtain aluminum alloy filaments; twisting the aluminum alloy core, and annealing at 300 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain an aluminum alloy conductive core;
and step 3: (1) Under the atmosphere of nitrogen, 100g of ethylene propylene diene monomer is placed in a reaction bottle, a sodium hydroxide ethanol solution (1.6 g of sodium hydroxide, 10 wt%) is dripped at the temperature of 65 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100rpm for 15 minutes, and the mixture is stirred for 10 minutes; adding 4g of methyl methacrylate, heating to 80 ℃, increasing the rotating speed to 200rpm, stirring for 1-2 hours, and evaporating ethanol to obtain the modified ethylene propylene diene monomer, wherein the proportion can be enlarged.
(2) Dispersing 5g of ethylene-vinyl acetate in 50g of dimethylbenzene under the nitrogen atmosphere, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide ethanol solution (0.8 g of sodium hydroxide and 10 wt%) at the temperature of 136 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100rpm for 20 minutes, reacting for 40 minutes, washing and drying to obtain hydroxylated ethylene-vinyl acetate; 1g of hydroxylated ethylene-vinyl acetate, 10g of methyl 3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate and 5g of dimethyl methylphosphonate are sequentially added into a reaction bottle, stirred for 30 minutes at 85 ℃, added with 0.2g of lithium hydroxide monohydrate and reacted for 4 hours at 160 ℃; washing and drying to obtain the macromolecular antioxidant which can be amplified in equal proportion.
(3) Adding 3 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane into 100 parts of 90wt% ethanol aqueous solution, adding 1 part of calcium stearate, 15 parts of boron nitride, 10 parts of fumed silica and 10 parts of graphene oxide, placing the mixture in a ball mill, carrying out ball milling for 1 hour at 500rpm, drying to obtain a mixed filler, and uniformly mixing the mixed filler with 40 parts of modified ethylene propylene diene monomer, 50 parts of polypropylene, 10 parts of macromolecular antioxidant and 1 part of dicumyl peroxide to obtain an insulating layer material;
(4) And extruding the conductive core and the insulating layer material of the aluminum alloy by an extruder under the conditions that the compression ratio is 1.2, the extrusion temperature is 175 ℃, and the extrusion pressure is 8MPa to obtain the light aluminum alloy wire harness.
Setting of comparative example:
in comparative example 1, calcium was introduced singly, and the rest was the same as in example 1;
in comparative example 2, only calcium and manganese were introduced, and the rest was the same as in example 1;
in comparative example 3, only calcium, manganese and cerium were introduced, and the rest was the same as in example 1;
in comparative example 4, ethylene-vinyl acetate, methyl 3- (3, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, and dimethyl methylphosphonate were introduced directly, and the rest was the same as in example 1;
in comparative example 5, dimethyl methylphosphonate was not introduced, and the procedure was the same as in example 1;
in comparative example 6, the ethylene propylene diene monomer was not modified, and the rest was the same as in example 1;
in comparative example 7, graphene oxide was not introduced, but boron nitride was used instead, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
In the above embodiment, the epdm rubber has a product number of 722P and is obtained from plastic materials ltd, dingxin, eastern guan; polypropylene having a cat # a0003070 available from south china watship chemical technology limited; ethylene-vinyl acetate having a commercial value of 24937-78-8, available from Chongqing Rui Yao Biotech, inc.; boron nitride with a product number of B106033 and fumed silica with a product number of S104590, both from Shanghai Aladdin Biotechnology Ltd; the graphene oxide has a cargo number of A782425 and is sourced from Zheng State Convergence chemical industry Co., ltd.
Experiment: the conductive core and the insulating layer of the aluminum alloy prepared in the examples and the comparative examples are subjected to related performance tests. Measuring the conductivity of the aluminum alloy conductive core by an eddy current method at room temperature, and testing the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy conductive core by using a universal testing machine to obtain the tensile strength A; the insulating material was injection molded to obtain a 100 × 100 × 0.1mm sample, the tensile strength of the insulating layer was tested using a universal tester to obtain tensile strength B, and the dc voltage breakdown strength was tested using a standard voltage breakdown tester with a two-column test electrode having a diameter of 25mm at a step-up ratio of 1k/V, with the data shown below:
and (4) conclusion: as can be seen from the data of the embodiments 1 to 3, the mechanical property of the prepared aluminum alloy wire harness is effectively improved on the basis of ensuring high conductivity of the aluminum alloy conductor; the insulating layer has excellent mechanical strength and breakdown strength, and can be matched with high-voltage rapid charging. Comparing the data of comparative examples 1 to 3 with example 1, it can be seen that the conductivity reached 57.4% with a single introduction of calcium; however, the mechanical properties were not good, and when calcium and manganese were introduced at the same time, it was found that the mechanical properties increased rapidly, but the conductivity decreased rapidly. When calcium manganese cerium was introduced at the same time, it was found that the conductivity was also decreased, but the conductivity was increased as compared with comparative example 2, indicating that the introduction of rare earth cerium can improve the conductivity. Comparing the data of comparative examples 4 to 7 with example 1, it can be seen that the direct introduction of ethylene-vinyl acetate, methyl 3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, dimethyl methylphosphonate, leads to a decrease in mechanical properties and breakdown strength due to the presence of migration. Also, in comparative example 7, graphene oxide was not used, increasing the mobility of dicumyl peroxide, resulting in a decrease in performance. In comparative example 5, however, dimethyl methylphosphonate was not introduced, so that the oxidation resistance was lowered, thereby causing a slight decrease in performance. In comparative example 6, the ethylene-propylene-diene monomer was not modified, so that the compatibility and crosslinking properties were reduced, and the properties were degraded.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The processing technology of the light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: putting aluminum into a smelting furnace, and melting; sequentially adding iron, copper, silicon, magnesium, zinc and boron, and heating and melting in a stepped manner; putting the mixture into a heat preservation furnace, adding an intermediate alloy, and uniformly fusing; introducing nitrogen for refining and slagging off to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
step 2: the aluminum alloy melt flows into a casting machine to cast strips; rolling and heat treating in a rolling mill to obtain an aluminum alloy conductor; continuously drawing the aluminum alloy wire for three times to obtain an aluminum alloy wire; twisting and annealing the aluminum alloy conductive core to obtain an aluminum alloy conductive core;
and step 3: and extruding the aluminum alloy conductive core and the insulating layer material by an extruder to obtain the light aluminum alloy wire harness.
2. The processing technology of the light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1, the raw materials of the aluminum alloy melt comprise the following components: according to 100 parts by mass, 0.4-0.5 part of iron, 0.2-0.3 part of copper, 0.04-0.08 part of silicon, 0.1-0.2 part of magnesium, 0.02-0.03 part of zinc, 0.02-0.04 part of boron, 1.9-1.95 parts of intermediate alloy and the balance of aluminum.
3. The processing technology of the light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile as claimed in claim 2, wherein the processing technology comprises the following steps: the intermediate alloy comprises Al-10Ca, al-10Mn, al-10Ce and Al-10Zr in a mass ratio of 0.5 (0.6-0.8) to (0.4-0.6) to (0.2-0.25).
4. The processing technology of the light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1, the melting temperature is 720-750 ℃; in the step-type heating and melting process, the temperature is sequentially 800-850-900-1200-1500 ℃; the temperature of the heat preservation furnace is 720-750 ℃; in the nitrogen refining process, the gas pressure is 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the flow is 1-2 m 3 The time is 20-30 minutes per hr.
5. The processing technology of the light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2, in the rolling process, firstly hot rolling is carried out at 480-500 ℃, then cold rolling is carried out to discharge materials, and the temperature is 250-280 ℃; the heat treatment temperature is 350-360 ℃, and the time is 2-3 hours; in the three-time continuous drawing process, drawing for the first time at 10-30 m/s, drawing for the second time at 8-10 m/s, and drawing for the third time at 5-8 m/s; the annealing temperature is 300-350 ℃, and the time is 1-2 hours.
6. The processing technology of the light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3, the compression ratio of extrusion molding is 1.2, the extrusion molding temperature is 160-200 ℃, and the extrusion molding pressure is 8-10 MPa.
7. The processing technology of the light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the raw materials of the insulating layer material comprise the following components: 38-40 parts of modified ethylene propylene diene monomer, 50-55 parts of polypropylene, 7-10 parts of macromolecular antioxidant, 0.8-1 part of dicumyl peroxide, 10-15 parts of boron nitride, 10-15 parts of fumed silica, 8-10 parts of graphene oxide, 1-2 parts of calcium stearate and 2-3 parts of vinyl triethoxysilane.
8. The processing technology of the light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile according to claim 7, characterized in that: the preparation method of the modified ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber comprises the following steps: placing ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber into a reaction bottle under the nitrogen atmosphere, dropwise adding sodium hydroxide ethanol solution at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ and the dropping speed of 100-120 rpm for 10-15 minutes, and stirring for 5-10 minutes; adding methyl methacrylate, heating to 75-85 ℃, increasing the rotating speed to 200-240 rpm, stirring for 1-2 hours, and evaporating ethanol to obtain modified ethylene propylene diene monomer;
wherein, the ratio of sodium hydroxide and methyl methacrylate in ethylene propylene diene monomer and sodium hydroxide ethanol solution is 100: (1-1.6): (2.5-4); the concentration of the sodium hydroxide ethanol solution is 10 to 15 weight percent.
9. The processing technology of the light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile according to claim 7, characterized in that: the preparation method of the macromolecular antioxidant comprises the following steps: dispersing ethylene-vinyl acetate in dimethylbenzene under the atmosphere of nitrogen, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide ethanol solution at the temperature of 135-137 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100-120 rpm for 20-30 minutes, reacting for 30-40 minutes, washing, and drying to obtain hydroxylated ethylene-vinyl acetate; hydroxylated ethylene-vinyl acetate, 3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) methyl propionate and dimethyl methyl phosphonate are sequentially added into a reaction bottle, stirred for 20 to 30 minutes at the temperature of between 80 and 85 ℃, added with lithium hydroxide monohydrate and reacted for 3 to 4 hours at the temperature of between 155 and 165 ℃; washing and drying to obtain a macromolecular antioxidant;
wherein the mass ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate to the sodium hydroxide in the sodium hydroxide ethanol solution is 5; the mass ratio of hydroxylated ethylene-vinyl acetate to methyl 3- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate to dimethyl methylphosphonate is 1.
10. The light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile, which is prepared by the processing technology of the light aluminum alloy wire harness for the automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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