CN117143410B - Heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]C=C UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical group CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000005042 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-vinylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012796 inorganic flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQIBHSDQYRKBLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethynylperoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical group C(C)(C)(C)OOC#C JQIBHSDQYRKBLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IHBCFWWEZXPPLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Zn] Chemical group [Ca].[Zn] IHBCFWWEZXPPLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical group OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical group [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
- C08L2207/066—LDPE (radical process)
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat-resistant composite cable and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the technical field of special cable preparation, and comprise a conductor core and cable materials, wherein the cable materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of low-density polyethylene, 12-25 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, 4-12 parts of poly (N-vinylcarbazole), 6-18 parts of substituted propylene copolymer, 2-10 parts of nano silicon dioxide aerogel, 0.1-0.5 part of crosslinking initiator and 0.1-10 parts of auxiliary agent; the invention improves the heat resistance and mechanical property of the insulated cable material through component composite modification, and reduces the density of the cable material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of special cable preparation, in particular to a heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cable is a conductor coated with an insulating layer, a protective layer, a shielding layer, or the like for transmitting electric power, signal current, signal voltage, or the like. The voltage is divided into a high voltage cable and a low voltage cable. The low-voltage cable line has the characteristics of reliable operation, no standing pole, no occupied area, no sightedness, less influence from the outside and the like, and is widely applied to a low-voltage distribution system.
The low-voltage cable is generally composed of a wire core, an insulating layer and a protective layer. The wire core is used for conducting current and is generally formed by twisting a plurality of copper wires or a plurality of aluminum wires; the insulating layer is an insulating material with a specific function of withstand voltage in the cable, is an important component of the cable, is usually polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, crosslinked polyethylene or rubber in the prior art, and usually contains a large amount of filler and inorganic flame retardant for improving the flame retardance and heat resistance of the cable, and the high-addition filler and inorganic flame retardant improve the flame retardance and heat resistance of the cable, but also greatly improve the material density, reduce the mechanical property and hardly meet the flame retardance and heat resistance requirements of the cable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable and a preparation method thereof.
The aim of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable comprises a conductor core and a cable material, wherein the cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of low-density polyethylene, 12-25 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, 4-12 parts of poly (N-vinylcarbazole), 6-18 parts of substituted propylene copolymer, 2-10 parts of nano silicon dioxide aerogel, 0.1-0.5 part of crosslinking initiator and 0.1-10 parts of auxiliary agent;
the preparation method of the nano silicon dioxide aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing ethyl orthosilicate, dissolving in deionized water, dripping a small amount of acetic acid to promote hydrolysis, fully stirring and mixing until uniform, adding an equal volume of polyvinylpyrrolidone solution, stirring overnight at normal temperature to obtain spinning solution, and preparing the nanofiber by an electrostatic spinning method;
(2) Drying the nanofiber to constant weight, performing heat treatment, crushing and dispersing the nanofiber in deionized water after the heat treatment is finished, adding polyvinyl alcohol with the final concentration of 0.5-2wt% as a dispersing agent, performing cyclic freeze thawing treatment on the mixed system after dispersing, and freeze-drying to obtain a precursor material; wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 800-1000 ℃ and the treatment time is 2-4 hours; the cycle times of the cyclic freezing and thawing treatment are 2-10 times, and the freezing temperature is 10-80 ℃ below zero;
(3) Performing secondary heat treatment on the precursor material, dispersing the product after the secondary heat treatment in an alcohol solution of a vinyl silane coupling agent with the concentration of 1-10wt%, stirring and soaking overnight, separating, washing and freeze-drying to obtain the nano silicon dioxide aerogel; wherein the temperature of the secondary heat treatment is 800-1000 ℃ and the treatment time is 2-4h.
In some preferred embodiments, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of low-density polyethylene, 16-18 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, 7-9 parts of poly (N-vinylcarbazole), 8-11 parts of substituted propylene copolymer, 4-6 parts of nano silicon dioxide aerogel, 0.1-0.2 part of crosslinking initiator and 2-5 parts of auxiliary agent.
In some preferred embodiments, the low density polyethylene has a density of less than 0.93g/cm 3 The melt index at 190 ℃ and 0.3MPa is 0.5-10g/10min, the crystallinity is not more than 10%, and the catalyst residue is less than 1/1000.
In some preferred embodiments, the dissolved concentration of the ethyl orthosilicate is 5-10wt%; the concentration of the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution is 5-10wt%.
In some preferred embodiments, the vinylsilane coupling agent is vinyltrimethoxysilane and/or vinyltriethoxysilane.
In some preferred embodiments, the process for preparing the substituted propylene copolymer comprises the steps of:
under the protective atmosphere, respectively weighing 1-allyl-2, 3-dimethoxy benzene monomer and 2-allyl-1- (benzyloxy) -5-methoxy naphthalene monomer, dissolving in a mixed solvent of toluene and cyclohexane, fully stirring and mixing until the mixture is uniform, slowly adding a toluene solution of a polymerization catalyst under the condition of strong stirring, continuing stirring for reaction for 1-2h after the addition is finished, adding cold methanol for cooling after the reaction is finished, stopping the reaction, filtering and separating precipitate, washing, and drying in vacuum to obtain the catalyst;
the polymerization catalyst comprises a main catalyst and a cocatalyst, wherein the main catalyst is scandium complex, preferably Shan Mao catalyst; the cocatalyst is an organoboron catalyst, preferably [ Ph ] 3 C][B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ]；
In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the 1-allyl-2, 3-dimethoxybenzene monomer to the 2-allyl-1- (benzyloxy) -5-methoxynaphthalene monomer, the toluene, and the cyclohexane is 10: (8.3-8.5): (14-20): (5-6.5).
In some preferred embodiments, the crosslinking initiator is one of dicumyl peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (t-butylperoxy) -acetylene, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-di (t-butylperoxy) -hexane t-butyl hydrogen.
In some preferred embodiments, the auxiliary agent is one or more of a heat stabilizer, an antioxidant, a lubricant, an anti-aging agent, and an accelerator.
Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the heat-resistant composite low voltage cable, comprising the steps of:
adding the low-density polyethylene into an internal mixer, setting the mixing temperature to be 100-120 ℃, adding the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, the poly (N-vinylcarbazole) and the substituted propylene copolymer for melt blending after the low-density polyethylene is completely melted, adding the nano silica aerogel and the auxiliary agent after the low-density polyethylene is uniformly mixed, continuously mixing for 5-15min, finally adding the crosslinking initiator, continuously mixing for 1-5min, molding by adopting a molding method or an extrusion molding method, and cooling to obtain the modified polyethylene.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
aiming at the problem that the heat resistance and the mechanical property of the cable insulation material are difficult to be compatible in the prior art, the invention discloses a heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable, wherein the heat resistance of the cable insulation material is improved through component composite modification, the mechanical property of the cable insulation material is improved, and the material density is reduced; further, based on good high-temperature stability and processability of the poly (N-vinylcarbazole), the invention endows the composite cable material with good heat resistance by blending and introducing the poly (N-vinylcarbazole) resin into the cable material; furthermore, the invention further improves the tensile strength of the cable material by introducing the substituted propylene copolymer into the components, and specifically, the invention takes the propylene polymer chain as a carrier, introduces the propylene polymer chain into the matrix polyethylene resin by introducing a branched chain structure with methoxy, phenyl and naphthyl, and utilizes the initiating crosslinking effect of a crosslinking initiator to further improve the mechanical property of the cable material.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable comprises a conductor core and a cable material, wherein the cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of low-density polyethylene, 17 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA, CAS number: 9010-86-0), 8 parts of poly (N-vinylcarbazole) (CAS number: 25067-59-8), 9.5 parts of substituted propylene copolymer, 5.6 parts of nano silica aerogel, 0.14 part of crosslinking initiator, 1 part of heat stabilizer, 0.5 part of antioxidant and 3 parts of lubricant;
the density of the low density polyethylene is 0.917g/cm 3 The melt index at 190 ℃ and 0.3MPa is 2g/10min, the crystallinity is not more than 10%, and the catalyst residue is less than 1/1000;
the preparation method of the substituted propylene copolymer comprises the following steps:
under the protective atmosphere, respectively weighing 1-allyl-2, 3-dimethoxy benzene monomer (CAS number: 19754-21-3) and 2-allyl-1- (benzyloxy) -5-methoxy naphthalene monomer (CAS number: 883278-65-7) and dissolving in a mixed solvent of toluene and cyclohexane, fully stirring and mixing until the mixture is uniform, slowly adding a toluene solution of a polymerization catalyst under the condition of strong stirring, continuing stirring for reaction for 1.5h after the addition is finished, adding cold methanol for cooling and stopping the reaction after the reaction is finished, filtering and separating precipitate, washing and drying in vacuum to obtain the catalyst; wherein the polymerization catalyst comprises a main catalyst and a cocatalyst, the main catalyst being (C 5 Me 4 SiMe 3 )Sc(CH 2 C 6 H 4 NMe 2 -o) 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The cocatalyst is [ Ph ] 3 C][B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ]；
The mass ratio of the 1-allyl-2, 3-dimethoxy benzene monomer to the 2-allyl-1- (benzyloxy) -5-methoxy naphthalene monomer to the toluene to the cyclohexane to the main catalyst to the cocatalyst is 10:8.4:18:5.5:0.07:0.12;
the preparation method of the nano silicon dioxide aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing ethyl orthosilicate, dissolving in deionized water, wherein the dissolving concentration is 10wt%, dropwise adding a small amount of (1/1000, V/V) glacial acetic acid to promote hydrolysis, fully stirring and mixing until the mixture is uniform, adding an equal volume of 10wt% polyvinylpyrrolidone solution, stirring for overnight at normal temperature to obtain spinning solution, and preparing the nanofiber by an electrostatic spinning method;
(2) Drying the nanofiber to constant weight, performing heat treatment, crushing and dispersing the nanofiber in deionized water after the heat treatment is finished, adding polyvinyl alcohol with the final concentration of 0.8wt% as a dispersing agent, performing cyclic freeze thawing treatment on the mixed system after dispersing, and performing freeze thawing to obtain a precursor material; wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 860 ℃ and the treatment time is 2.5h; the cycle times of the cyclic freezing and thawing treatment are 4 times, the freezing temperature is at-22 ℃ and the thawing temperature is at 25 ℃;
(3) Performing secondary heat treatment on the precursor material, dispersing a product obtained after the secondary heat treatment in an alcohol solution of vinyl trimethoxy silane with the concentration of 2wt%, stirring and soaking overnight, separating, washing and freeze-drying to obtain the nano silicon dioxide aerogel; wherein the temperature of the secondary heat treatment is 860 ℃ and the treatment time is 2.5h;
the crosslinking initiator is dicumyl peroxide;
the heat stabilizer is a calcium-zinc heat stabilizer;
the antioxidant is pentaerythritol tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ];
the lubricant is stearic acid;
the preparation method of the heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable comprises the following steps:
adding the low-density polyethylene into an internal mixer, setting the mixing temperature to be 120 ℃, adding the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, the poly (N-vinylcarbazole) and the substituted propylene copolymer for melt blending after the low-density polyethylene is completely melted, adding the nano silica aerogel and other auxiliary agents after the low-density polyethylene is uniformly mixed, continuously mixing for 10min, finally adding the crosslinking initiator, continuously mixing for 3min, molding by adopting a molding method or an extrusion molding method, and cooling to obtain the modified polyethylene.
Comparative example 1
The heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable comprises a conductor core and a cable material, wherein the cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of low-density polyethylene, 17 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA, CAS number: 9010-86-0), 9.5 parts of substituted propylene copolymer, 5.6 parts of nano silicon dioxide aerogel, 0.14 part of crosslinking initiator, 1 part of heat stabilizer, 0.5 part of antioxidant and 3 parts of lubricant;
the low density polyethylene, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, substituted propylene copolymer, nano silica aerogel, crosslinking initiator, heat stabilizer, antioxidant and lubricant are the same as in example 1;
the preparation method of the heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
The heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable comprises a conductor core and a cable material, wherein the cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of low-density polyethylene, 17 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA, CAS number: 9010-86-0), 8 parts of poly (N-vinylcarbazole) (CAS number: 25067-59-8), 5.6 parts of nano silica aerogel, 0.14 part of crosslinking initiator, 1 part of heat stabilizer, 0.5 part of antioxidant and 3 parts of lubricant;
the low density polyethylene, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, poly (N-vinylcarbazole), nano silica aerogel, crosslinking initiator, heat stabilizer, antioxidant and lubricant are the same as in example 1;
the preparation method of the heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
The heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable comprises a conductor core and a cable material, wherein the cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of low-density polyethylene, 17 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA, CAS number: 9010-86-0), 8 parts of poly (N-vinylcarbazole) (CAS number: 25067-59-8), 9.5 parts of substituted propylene copolymer, 5.6 parts of conventional nano silicon dioxide micropowder, 0.14 part of crosslinking initiator, 1 part of heat stabilizer, 0.5 part of antioxidant and 3 parts of lubricant;
the low density polyethylene, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, poly (N-vinylcarbazole), substituted propylene copolymer, crosslinking initiator, heat stabilizer, antioxidant, and lubricant are the same as in example 1;
the preparation method of the heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Experimental example
The heat resistance and mechanical properties of the cable materials described in example 1, comparative examples 1-3 were measured, wherein the oxygen index of the test sample was measured according to GB/T2406.1-2008; tensile strength and elongation at break are tested according to GB/T1040.1-2018; the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Heat resistance and mechanical Properties of the Cable Material described in example 1, comparative examples 1-3
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable comprises a conductor core and a cable material, and is characterized in that the cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of low-density polyethylene, 12-25 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, 4-12 parts of poly (N-vinylcarbazole), 6-18 parts of substituted propylene copolymer, 2-10 parts of nano silicon dioxide aerogel, 0.1-0.5 part of crosslinking initiator and 0.1-10 parts of auxiliary agent;
the preparation method of the nano silicon dioxide aerogel comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing ethyl orthosilicate, dissolving in deionized water, dripping a small amount of acetic acid to promote hydrolysis, fully stirring and mixing until uniform, adding an equal volume of polyvinylpyrrolidone solution, stirring overnight at normal temperature to obtain spinning solution, and preparing the nanofiber by an electrostatic spinning method;
(2) Drying the nanofiber to constant weight, performing heat treatment, crushing and dispersing the nanofiber in deionized water after the heat treatment is finished, adding polyvinyl alcohol with the final concentration of 0.5-2wt% as a dispersing agent, performing cyclic freeze thawing treatment on the mixed system after dispersing, and freeze-drying to obtain a precursor material; wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 800-1000 ℃ and the treatment time is 2-4 hours; the cycle times of the cyclic freezing and thawing treatment are 2-10 times, and the freezing temperature is 10-80 ℃ below zero;
(3) Performing secondary heat treatment on the precursor material, dispersing the product after the secondary heat treatment in an alcohol solution of a vinyl silane coupling agent with the concentration of 1-10wt%, stirring and soaking overnight, separating, washing and freeze-drying to obtain the nano silicon dioxide aerogel; wherein the temperature of the secondary heat treatment is 800-1000 ℃ and the treatment time is 2-4h.
2. The heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of low-density polyethylene, 16-18 parts of ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, 7-9 parts of poly (N-vinylcarbazole), 8-11 parts of substituted propylene copolymer, 4-6 parts of nano silicon dioxide aerogel, 0.1-0.2 part of crosslinking initiator and 2-5 parts of auxiliary agent.
3. The heat resistant composite low voltage cable of claim 1, wherein the low density polyethylene has a density of less than 0.93g/cm 3 The melt index at 190 ℃ and 0.3MPa is 0.5-10g/10min, the crystallinity is not more than 10%, and the catalyst residue is less than 1/1000.
4. The heat resistant composite low voltage cable of claim 1, wherein the dissolved concentration of the ethyl orthosilicate is 5-10wt%; the concentration of the polyvinylpyrrolidone solution is 5-10wt%.
5. The heat-resistant composite low voltage cable according to claim 1, wherein the vinyl silane coupling agent is vinyl trimethoxy silane and/or vinyl triethoxy silane.
6. The heat-resistant composite low voltage cable according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the substituted propylene copolymer comprises the steps of:
under the protective atmosphere, respectively weighing 1-allyl-2, 3-dimethoxy benzene monomer and 2-allyl-1- (benzyloxy) -5-methoxy naphthalene monomer, dissolving in a mixed solvent of toluene and cyclohexane, fully stirring and mixing until the mixture is uniform, slowly adding a toluene solution of a polymerization catalyst under the condition of strong stirring, continuing stirring for reaction for 1-2h after the addition is finished, adding cold methanol for cooling after the reaction is finished, stopping the reaction, filtering and separating precipitate, washing, and drying in vacuum to obtain the catalyst.
7. The heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the 1-allyl-2, 3-dimethoxy benzene monomer to the 2-allyl-1- (benzyloxy) -5-methoxy naphthalene monomer to the toluene to the cyclohexane is 10: (8.3-8.5): (14-20): (5-6.5).
8. The heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable according to claim 1, wherein the crosslinking initiator is one of dicumyl peroxide and di-tert-butyl peroxide.
9. The heat-resistant composite low-voltage cable according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent is one or more of a heat stabilizer, an antioxidant, a lubricant, an anti-aging agent and an accelerator.
10. Method for the production of a heat resistant composite low voltage cable according to one of the claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
adding the low-density polyethylene into an internal mixer, setting the mixing temperature to be 100-120 ℃, adding the ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, the poly (N-vinylcarbazole) and the substituted propylene copolymer for melt blending after the low-density polyethylene is completely melted, adding the nano silica aerogel and the auxiliary agent after the low-density polyethylene is uniformly mixed, continuously mixing for 5-15min, finally adding the crosslinking initiator, continuously mixing for 1-5min, molding, and cooling to obtain the modified polyethylene.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20000002831A (en) * | 1998-06-23 | 2000-01-15 | 권문구 | High pressure heat resistant electric distribution processing cable |
| CN114410106A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-04-29 | 天津金发新材料有限公司 | High-heat-resistance polyamide composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2023172291A2 (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-09-14 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Alternative nanoporous network materials and processes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20000002831A (en) * | 1998-06-23 | 2000-01-15 | 권문구 | High pressure heat resistant electric distribution processing cable |
| WO2023172291A2 (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-09-14 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Alternative nanoporous network materials and processes |
| CN114410106A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-04-29 | 天津金发新材料有限公司 | High-heat-resistance polyamide composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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