CN115595932A - Ecological prevention and control device for bank slope of river, lake and reservoir and construction method - Google Patents
Ecological prevention and control device for bank slope of river, lake and reservoir and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115595932A CN115595932A CN202211032700.XA CN202211032700A CN115595932A CN 115595932 A CN115595932 A CN 115595932A CN 202211032700 A CN202211032700 A CN 202211032700A CN 115595932 A CN115595932 A CN 115595932A
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000052355 Hydrilla verticillata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological prevention and control device for a bank slope of a river, lake and reservoir, which comprises a fixing structure, a ballast structure, a vegetation structure, a silt filling structure and a silt flushing and oxygen supplying structure, wherein the fixing structure is used for fixing the ecological prevention and control device on the bank slope; the ballast structure is used for enabling the ecological control device to be tightly attached and fixed on a bank slope at the bottom of the river, lake and reservoir; the inner space of the plant growing structure is used for planting plants and providing a breeding and growing environment for fishes and the like; the silt filling structure is used for filling silt slurry and planting soil slurry into the ecological prevention and control device; the silt flushing and oxygen supplying structure is used for flushing away the sludge on the ecological control device and providing oxygen for plant growth. The invention overcomes the defects that the prior revetment has a natural, cold and hard appearance, can not meet deep water conditions, can not prevent and treat siltation and the like, organically combines the revetment scouring treatment, the bank caving treatment, the siltation treatment and the ecological treatment, and has the characteristics of simple structure and contribution to technical popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological management of river, lake and reservoir, in particular to an ecological prevention and control device for a bank slope of a river, lake and reservoir and a construction method.
Background
Rainwater and river and lake reservoir water flow usually cause damage such as washing, undercutting, bank collapse and the like to bank slopes, and meanwhile, the river and lake reservoir water flow carries a large amount of silt, so that the problem of river and lake reservoir siltation is also serious. Aiming at the problems of bank slope scouring, undercutting and bank collapse, the bank slope is prevented and controlled by engineering measures at present. At present, the ecological prevention and control modes of river and lake bank slopes mainly comprise the following modes: 1) The method has long use history, but has poor timeliness, usually needs to throw a large amount of stones every year, and has extremely high construction cost; 2) The revetment structure with the characteristics of the traditional raw, cold and hard is adopted, and the revetment structure is typically like mortar masonry blocks, dry masonry blocks, poured concrete, hinge concrete mattress sinking and the like. The method can effectively solve the problems of scouring, undercutting and bank caving, but permanently destroys the original ecological environment of the river channel, blocks the water system exchange between the bank slope underground water and the water bodies in rivers, lakes and reservoirs, and is contrary to the requirements of ecological water conservancy; 3) The reinforcing mesh or the geonet is adopted to wrap the concrete block or the stone block, so that huge engineering cost caused by repeated stone throwing can be avoided, meanwhile, when aquatic plants are planted in the stone block, the requirement of ecological water conservancy can be met, but the method is only suitable for the requirement of shallow water, and when the method is in the face of deep water, the problems that the stability of the engineering is difficult to control, the engineering quantity is huge, the engineering cost is high and the like exist.
And the engineering measures can only solve the problems of bank slope scouring, undercutting and bank collapse to a certain extent and can not solve the problem of river and lake reservoir siltation. Aiming at the problem of sedimentation in rivers, lakes and reservoirs, dredging is carried out through the following two engineering modes: 1) The method has wide application range, but can only be used for disposal after siltation to a certain degree, and cannot prevent siltation; 2) The water delivery of the reservoir is used for dredging, and the water delivery of the reservoir and the dredging of the reservoir are conducted by guiding and adjusting water, so that the application condition is strict, and the application range is small. Similarly, the two modes can only solve the problem of sedimentation in rivers, lakes and reservoirs to a certain extent, and cannot solve the problems of bank slope scouring, undercutting and bank collapse.
Therefore, the ecological prevention and control mode of the river and lake bank slope adopted at present has the defects that the ecological prevention and control mode cannot be used in deep water conditions, water system exchange between the bank slope and a water body is blocked, ecological water conservancy requirements cannot be met or the problems of flushing, bank collapse and siltation of the river and lake reservoir cannot be solved simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art, provide an ecological prevention and control device for the bank slope of the river and lake reservoir and a construction method thereof, overcome the defects that the existing bank protection has a natural, cold and hard appearance, cannot meet deep water conditions, prevents exchange of river and lake reservoir water and bank slope underground water, cannot prevent siltation and the like, organically combine bank protection scouring treatment, bank caving treatment, siltation treatment and ecological treatment, and have the characteristics of simple structure and contribution to technical popularization.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an ecological prevention and control device for a bank slope of a river, a lake and a reservoir, which comprises:
the fixed beam is arranged on a bank slope of a river, a lake and a reservoir, and is provided with a sludge filling hole and a plant-growing soil slurry filling hole;
the ballast structure comprises at least two geotextile tube bags and a connector, the connector is connected between the at least two geotextile tube bags so that the at least two geotextile tube bags are connected into a row, one end of each geotextile tube bag is provided with an opening, the opening end is connected with a sludge filling hole, and the soaking section of each geotextile tube bag is provided with a tube bag sludge punching hole;
the planting structure comprises an upper geotextile and a lower geotextile, the upper geotextile and the lower geotextile are arranged between two adjacent geotextile tubes to form a cavity with a cavity inside, one end of the cavity is provided with an opening, and the opening end is connected with a mud hole filled with planting soil;
the silt filling structure is used for filling silt slurry into the soil engineering pipe bag or filling plant-growing soil slurry into the cavity of the cavity;
towards silt oxygen suppliment structure, it includes air pump, gas-supply pipe, dashes silt pipe and shower nozzle, the gas pump is connected the gas-supply pipe, the gas-supply pipe is connected and is washed the silt pipe, it sets up in geotechnological tube bag to wash the silt pipe, the section of flooding of towards the silt pipe has arranged the pipeline according to the interval the same with the tube bag towards the silt hole and has washed the silt hole, and the pipeline is washed silt jogged joint shower nozzle.
In one embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises anchor piles and anchor cables, wherein the anchor piles are arranged on the bank slope of the river and lake reservoir, the anchor piles are connected with the anchor cables, and the anchor cables are connected with the fixed beams.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the vegetation structure further comprises an upper layer geogrid and a lower layer geogrid, wherein the upper layer geogrid and the lower layer geogrid are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the bottoms of the upper layer geotextile and the lower layer geotextile.
In one embodiment of the invention, the slurry filling structure comprises a slurry conveying pump and a slurry conveying pipe, the slurry conveying pump is connected with the slurry conveying pipe, the slurry conveying pipe is connected with the slurry filling hole or the plant-growing soil slurry filling hole, and slurry is filled into the soil engineering pipe bag or plant-growing soil slurry is filled into the cavity of the cavity through the slurry conveying pipe.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the silt flushing and oxygen supplying structure further includes a valve, and the valve is disposed on the gas pipe.
In one embodiment of the invention, the ballast structure further comprises a support tripod disposed inside the geotube bag.
In one embodiment of the invention, the support tripod has a housing portion, which is in the shape of an arc of a circle.
In one embodiment of the invention, the silt flushing pipe is arranged on the accommodating part of the supporting tripod, and the spray head arranged on the silt flushing pipe extends to the outside through the silt flushing hole of the pipe bag.
In one embodiment of the invention, the side wall of the spray head is provided with air injection holes, and the air injection direction of the air injection holes is the same as the water flow direction.
In addition, the invention also provides a construction method of the ecological prevention and control device for the bank slope of the river, lake and reservoir, which comprises the following steps:
determining a protection range on a bank slope of a river, a lake and a reservoir, wherein the protection range is in the length direction along the water flow direction and in the width direction perpendicular to the water flow direction;
arranging anchor piles and installing fixed beams on the bank slope within the protection range, and connecting the fixed beams with the anchor piles by using anchor cables;
determining the length of the geotextile tube bags according to the width of the protection range, manufacturing the geotextile tube bags, reserving tube bag silt flushing holes in a soaking section of the geotextile tube bags, manufacturing silt flushing tubes at the same time, arranging pipeline silt flushing holes in the soaking section of the silt flushing tubes at the same interval as the tube bag silt flushing holes, filling a support tripod and the silt flushing tubes into the geotextile tube bags, enabling spray heads to penetrate through the tube bag silt flushing holes to be installed on the pipeline silt flushing holes, fixing the geotextile tube bags in rows two by using a connector, and enabling the lengths after the rows to be the same as the length of the protection range;
sequentially mounting a lower-layer geogrid, a lower-layer geotextile, an upper-layer geogrid and an upper-layer geotextile among the geotextile tube bags to form a vegetation structure;
installing the opening end of the soil engineering pipe bag on a sludge filling hole of the fixed beam, and respectively filling sludge slurry and planting soil slurry into the soil engineering pipe bag and the plant growing structure by using the sludge filling structure;
fill the silt work and accomplish the back, remove and fill silt structure and connect towards silt oxygen suppliment structure, when the needs oxygen suppliment, start the air pump, open the valve, with air input towards the silt pipe through the gas-supply pipe to jet-propelled towards silt or oxygen suppliment through the shower nozzle, when the siltation produces, improve towards the silt intensity.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the invention overcomes the defects that the prior revetment has a natural, cold and hard appearance, can not meet deep water conditions, can not prevent and treat siltation and the like, and organically combines the revetment scouring treatment, the bank caving treatment, the siltation treatment and the ecological treatment, and has the characteristics of simple structure and contribution to technical popularization.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference will now be made in detail to the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a usage scenario of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the use of the sludging structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting of the fixing structure of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of slurry holes filled with sludge and slurry holes filled with plant-growing soil on the fixed beam according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the ballast structure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 5 in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 7 is a schematic view of a support tripod according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a plant growth structure.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of flushing sludge and oxygen supply of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the spray head of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 1 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the upper end of the geotube bag protruding from the vegetation structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the sprinkler head installation of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows: 2. a weight structure; 3. a plant growth structure; 4. a silt filling structure; 5. a silt flushing and oxygen supplying structure; 11. anchoring piles; 12. a fixed beam; 13. an anchor cable; 21. a soil engineering pipe bag; 22. a support tripod; 23. a connector; 24. punching a silt hole in the pipe bag; 31. an upper geotextile; 32. an upper geogrid; 33. a lower geogrid; 34. a lower geotextile; 41. a mud pit; 42. a slurry conveying pump; 43. a pulp conveying pipe; 51. an air pump; 52. a gas delivery pipe; 53. a valve; 54. flushing a silt pipe; 55. a silt hole is punched in the pipeline; 56. a spray head; 121. filling sludge slurry holes; 122. and filling soil slurry holes.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and the embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can carry out the present invention, but the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ecological prevention and treatment device for a bank slope of a river, a lake and a reservoir, including a fixing structure, a ballast structure 2, a vegetation structure 3, a silt filling structure 4 and a silt flushing and oxygen supplying structure 5, where the fixing structure is used to fix the ecological prevention and treatment device on the bank slope; the ballast structure 2 is used for enabling the ecological prevention and control device to be tightly attached and fixed on a bank slope at the bottom of the river, lake and reservoir; the inner space of the plant growing structure 3 is used for planting plants and providing a breeding and growing environment for fishes and the like; the silt filling structure 4 is used for filling silt slurry and planting soil slurry into the ecological prevention and control device; the silt flushing and oxygen supplying structure 5 is used for flushing away the sludge on the ecological control device, providing oxygen for plant growth and ensuring the flowing water, water storage and ecological functions of rivers, lakes and reservoirs.
The sludge slurry is pollution-free waste foundation soil generated in the urban construction process, and is formed by mixing the sludge slurry with water in rivers, lakes and reservoirs.
The plant-growing soil slurry is pollution-free waste soil produced in the urban construction process, and is formed by mixing the plant-growing soil slurry with water in rivers, lakes and reservoirs and seeds of aquatic plants.
Further, the seeds in the plant soil slurry can be submerged plant seeds, emergent plant seeds, terrestrial plant seeds and the like.
Furthermore, the water content in the slurry preparation process is generally 80-120%, and the control standard is that the slurry can be pumped.
Furthermore, the mixing amount of the greening waste in the preparation process of the plant-growing soil slurry is determined according to the water environment, the self nutrition condition of the siltation and the requirements of related parties, and can be generally configured according to 5-20% of the mass of the dried sludge.
Fig. 2 is a schematic use diagram of a sludge charging structure 4 of the invention, and the sludge charging structure 4 comprises:
a slurry tank 41 for making slurry and vegetation soil slurry;
a slurry pump 42 for pumping the sludge slurry and the vegetation soil slurry;
and a slurry feed pipe 43 for feeding the slurry and the vegetation soil slurry.
Specifically, the slurry conveying pump 42 is connected with a slurry conveying pipe 43, the slurry conveying pipe 43 is connected with the slurry tank 41, the slurry conveying pipe 43 is connected with the sludge filling hole or the plant-growing soil slurry filling hole, and the soil slurry is filled into the soil engineering pipe bag 21 or the plant-growing soil slurry is filled into the cavity of the plant-growing structure 3 through the slurry conveying pipe 43.
Further, the silt filling structure (4) is dismantled after the silt filling work is finished.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the fixing structure of the present invention, and the fixing structure 1 includes:
the anchoring pile 11 is inserted into the bank slope soil body and plays a role in anchoring;
a fixed beam 12;
and an anchor line 13 for connecting the anchor piles 11 and the fixing beam 12.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the fixing beam 12 is provided with a sludge-filled hole 121 and a vegetation soil-filled hole 122.
Fig. 5 is a schematic layout of the weight structure 2 according to the invention, fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view of fig. 5 according to the invention, fig. 7 is a schematic view of a support tripod according to the invention, and in combination with fig. 5, 6 and 7, the weight structure 2 comprises:
the geotextile tube bag 21 is a common geotextile, has strong tensile strength and has water permeability and mud impermeability;
a support tripod 22 which is installed inside the geotextile tube bag 21 and plays a role of support;
a connector 23 for connecting a plurality of the geotube bags 21 in a row, the connector 23 being a hard material;
the pipe bag silt punching holes 24 are arranged at the soaking section of the geotechnical pipe bag 21 according to a certain distance.
Furthermore, the diameter of the earthwork pipe bag 21 is 10 cm-30 cm, so that a thin-layer ecological control device is formed, and the influence on the water passing capacity of rivers, lakes and reservoirs, particularly river channels, is reduced.
Further, the geotextile tube bag 21 has a mass per unit area not less than 200g/m 2 The polypropylene woven cloth is prepared.
Further, the pitch of the connectors 23 is about 1m to 3m.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a plant growth structure 3, wherein the plant growth structure 3 comprises:
the upper geotextile 31 is a common geotextile, has strong tensile strength and water and mud permeability, is adhered between the two geotextile bags 21, and is torn off after plant seeds in the planting soil slurry germinate;
an upper geogrid 32 which is a common geogrid and has strong tensile strength;
the lower geogrid 33 is a common geogrid and has strong tensile strength;
the lower geotextile 34 is a common geotextile, has strong tensile strength, and has water permeability and mud impermeability.
Further, the upper geogrid 32 and the lower geogrid 33 are bidirectional geogrids, and the distance between grid ribs is 5 cm-20 cm.
Further, the clear distance between the soil engineering pipe bags 21 is 20 cm-40 cm, so that a sufficient ecological greening area is provided.
Fig. 9 is a schematic layout of the sludging oxygen supply structure 5 of the present invention, wherein the sludging oxygen supply structure 5 comprises:
an air pump 51 for pumping air for sludging and plant growth;
a gas pipe 52 for conveying gas for sludging and plant growth;
a valve 53 for controlling the output intensity of the gas for sludging and plant growth;
a silt flushing pipe 54 installed in the geotextile tube bag 21 and provided in the receiving part of the support tripod 22;
the pipeline silt flushing holes 55 are arranged at the soaking section of the silt flushing pipe 54 at the same intervals as the pipe bag silt flushing holes 24;
and the spray nozzle 56 is used for dredging or supplying oxygen for plants by spraying air, the direction of the air spraying is the same as that of water flow, and the structural form of the spray nozzle is shown in a figure 10.
Furthermore, the opening end of the uniform end of the soil engineering pipe bag 21 and the plant growing structure 3 is closed, the opening end is positioned on the bank slope and used for filling silt slurry or plant growing soil slurry into the soil engineering pipe bag, and the closed end is positioned under water to prevent the filled silt slurry or plant growing soil slurry from losing.
To explain the details of the ecological controlling means of the present invention in more detail, fig. 11 is a schematic sectional view of fig. 1 of the present invention, so that the constitution of the ecological controlling means of the present invention can be clearly seen.
In order to more clearly express the relationship among the soil engineering pipe bags 21, the vegetation structures 3 and the fixed beams 12, fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the soil engineering pipe bags 21 protruding from the upper ends of the vegetation structures 3, the soil engineering pipe bags 21 and the fixed beams 12 are provided with sludge filling holes 121 with the same diameter, the protruding ends of the soil engineering pipe bags 21 are firmly fixed on the sludge filling holes 121, the sludge filling holes 121 are used for filling the soil engineering pipe bags 21 with sludge slurry, the distance between the sludge filling holes is the same as the distance between the soil engineering pipe bags 21, and the distance between the soil filling holes 122 is used for filling the vegetation structures 3 with soil slurry, and the distance between the soil filling holes is the same as the distance between the vegetation structures 3.
In order to clearly show the position relationship between the nozzle 56 and the pipe bag silt flushing hole 24 on the soil pipe bag 21 and the pipe silt flushing hole 55 on the silt flushing pipe 54, a nozzle installation schematic diagram is drawn in fig. 13.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the system, the invention also provides a construction method of the ecological prevention and control device for the bank slope of the river/lake reservoir, which is realized by the ecological prevention and control device for the bank slope of the river/lake reservoir, and comprises the following steps:
determining a protection range on a bank slope of a river, a lake and a reservoir, wherein the protection range is in the length direction along the water flow direction and in the width direction perpendicular to the water flow direction;
arranging an anchor pile 11 and a mounting fixed beam 12 on a bank slope in a protection range, and connecting the fixed beam 12 with the anchor pile 11 by using an anchor cable 13;
determining the length of the geotextile tube bag 21 according to the width of the protection range, manufacturing the geotextile tube bag 21, reserving a tube bag silt flushing hole 24 in a soaking section of the geotextile tube bag 21, manufacturing a silt flushing tube 54 at the same time, arranging pipeline silt flushing holes 55 in the soaking section of the silt flushing tube 54 at the same interval as the tube bag silt flushing holes 24, arranging a supporting tripod 22 and the silt flushing tube 54 into the geotextile tube bag 21, enabling a spray head 56 to penetrate through the tube bag silt flushing holes 24 to be arranged on the pipeline silt flushing holes 55, fixing the geotextile tube bag 21 in rows in pairs by using a connector 23, wherein the length after the rows is the same as the length of the protection range;
a lower-layer geogrid 33, a lower-layer geotextile 34, an upper-layer geogrid 31 and an upper-layer geotextile 32 are sequentially arranged among the geotextile tube bags 21 to form a vegetation structure 3;
installing the open end of the soil engineering pipe bag 21 on the sludge filling hole 121 of the fixed beam 12, and filling sludge slurry and planting soil slurry into the soil engineering pipe bag 21 and the planting structure 3 respectively by using the sludge filling structure 4;
after the silt filling work is finished, the silt filling structure 4 is removed and connected with a silt flushing and oxygen supplying structure 5, when oxygen supply is needed, the air pump 51 is started, the valve 53 is opened, air is input into the silt flushing pipe 54 through the air pipe 52, air is sprayed through the spray head 56 to flush silt or supply oxygen, and when silt is generated, the silt flushing strength is improved.
The following describes in detail a specific operation method of the construction method of the ecological prevention and control device for the bank slope of the river, lake and reservoir provided by the invention in a specific embodiment.
A typical river channel has the characteristics of flood season scouring and non-flood season silting, the length of a protection range along the water flow direction is about 10m, the width of the protection range perpendicular to the water flow direction is about 8m, wherein about 4m is positioned on a bank slope of the river channel, about 4m is positioned on a river bed, the slope ratio of the river channel is about 1.
And (2) driving anchoring piles 11 on the length boundary on the bank slope in the protection range, wherein the anchoring piles 11 are reinforced concrete pipe piles with the diameter of 30cm and the length of 3m, pressing the piles into the soil by a static pressure method for 2m, installing a fixed beam 12, the length of the fixed beam 12 is 10m, and connecting the fixed beam 12 with the anchoring piles 11 by using an anchor rope 13, wherein the fixed beam 12 is provided with sludge filling holes 121 and sludge filling holes 122 which are 20cm in diameter, and the hole spacing is 20cm.
And selecting the earthwork pipe bag 21 with the diameter of 20cm and the length of 8m to manufacture the ecological control device. The unit area mass of the geotextile tube bag 21 is 200g/m 2 The polypropylene woven cloth is made; the distance between the pipe bag silt flushing holes 24 on the soil engineering pipe bag 21 is 0.5m, the supporting tripod 22 and the silt flushing pipe 54 are arranged in the soil engineering pipe bag 21, the distance between the pipeline silt flushing holes 55 on the silt flushing pipe 54 is also 0.5m, and the spray head 56 penetrates through the pipe bag silt flushing holes 24 and is arranged on the pipeline silt flushing holes 55; the distance between the geotube bags 21 is 20cm, the connectors 23 are installed, and the distance between the connectors 23 is 1m.
And a vegetation structure 3 is formed by sequentially mounting a lower-layer geogrid 33, a lower-layer geotextile 34, an upper-layer geogrid 32 and an upper-layer geotextile 31 between the geotextile bags 21 in a mode of adhering from two sides.
The earthwork tube bag 21 is filled with silt slurry prepared by excavating silt of the urban foundation pit, the water content of the silt slurry is 100 percent, the planting structure 3 is filled with planting soil slurry with the water content of 100 percent, and the plant waste fragments account for about 5 percent of the total weight of the dry mud; when the planting soil slurry is filled, the planting soil slurry filled in the riverbed part planting structure 3 is mixed with hydrilla spores, and the planting soil slurry filled in the bank slope part planting structure 3 is mixed with reed seeds.
Install and connect towards silt oxygen suppliment structure 5, observe ecological prevention and control device's stability in flood season, in the non-flood season, in time open towards silt oxygen suppliment structure 5 and wash the silt, when the siltation appears, suitably improve towards silt intensity.
After a flood season and a non-flood season, the ecological prevention and control device almost has no siltation phenomenon, and the plants at the plant growing structure 3 grow well.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all such modifications and alterations be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an ecological prevention and cure device in river lake storehouse bank slope which characterized in that includes:
the fixed beam is arranged on a bank slope of a river, a lake or a reservoir, and is provided with a sludge filling hole and a planting soil filling hole;
the ballast structure comprises at least two geotextile tubes and a connector, the connector is connected between the at least two geotextile tubes so that the at least two geotextile tubes are connected into a row, one end of each geotextile tube is provided with an opening, the opening end is connected with a silt filling hole, and the soaking section of each geotextile tube is provided with a tube erosion silt hole;
the planting structure comprises an upper geotextile and a lower geotextile, wherein the upper geotextile and the lower geotextile are arranged between two adjacent geotextile tubes to form a cavity with a cavity inside, one end of the cavity is provided with an opening, and the opening end is connected with a soil slurry hole filled with planting soil;
the silt filling structure is used for filling silt slurry into the soil engineering pipe bag or filling plant-growing soil slurry into the cavity of the cavity;
towards silt oxygen suppliment structure, it includes air pump, gas-supply pipe, dashes silt pipe and shower nozzle, the gas pump is connected the gas-supply pipe, the gas-supply pipe is connected and is washed the silt pipe, it sets up in geotechnological tube bag to wash the silt pipe, the section of flooding of towards the silt pipe has arranged the pipeline according to the interval the same with the tube bag towards the silt hole and has washed the silt hole, and the pipeline is washed silt jogged joint shower nozzle.
2. The ecological prevention and control device for the bank slope of the river, lake and reservoir as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the anchoring pile is arranged on the bank slope of the river, lake and reservoir, the anchoring pile is connected with the anchor cable, and the anchor cable is connected with the fixed beam.
3. The ecological prevention and control device for the bank slope of the river, lake and reservoir as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the vegetation structure further comprises an upper layer geogrid and a lower layer geogrid, wherein the upper layer geogrid and the lower layer geogrid are correspondingly arranged at the bottoms of the upper layer geotextile and the lower layer geotextile respectively.
4. The ecological prevention and control device for the bank slope of the river, lake and reservoir as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the slurry filling structure comprises a slurry conveying pump and a slurry conveying pipe, the slurry conveying pump is connected with the slurry conveying pipe, the slurry conveying pipe is connected with the slurry filling holes or the plant-growing soil slurry filling holes, and slurry is filled into the soil engineering pipe bags or plant-growing soil slurry is filled into the cavities of the cavities through the slurry conveying pipe.
5. The ecological prevention and control device for the bank slope of the river, lake and reservoir as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the silt flushing and oxygen supplying structure further comprises a valve, and the valve is arranged on the gas conveying pipe.
6. The ecological prevention and control device for the bank slope of the river, lake and reservoir as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the ballast structure further comprises a support tripod, and the support tripod is arranged inside the geotextile tube bag.
7. The ecological prevention and control device of river, lake and reservoir bank slope of claim 6, characterized in that: the supporting tripod is provided with a containing part which is in a circular arc shape.
8. The ecological prevention and control device of river, lake and reservoir bank slope of claim 7, characterized in that: the erosion and deposition pipe is arranged on the containing part of the support tripod, and the spray head arranged on the erosion and deposition pipe extends to the outside through the erosion and deposition hole of the pipe bag.
9. The ecological control device for the bank slope of the river/lake/reservoir as claimed in claim 1 or 8, wherein: the side wall of the spray head is provided with air injection holes, and the air injection direction of the air injection holes is the same as the water flow direction.
10. A construction method of the ecological control device for the bank slope of the river, lake and reservoir according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which comprises the following steps:
determining a protection range on a bank slope of a river, a lake and a reservoir, wherein the protection range is in the length direction along the water flow direction and in the width direction perpendicular to the water flow direction;
arranging anchor piles and installing fixed beams on the bank slope within the protection range, and connecting the fixed beams with the anchor piles by using anchor cables;
determining the length of the geotechnical pipe bags according to the width of a protection range, manufacturing the geotechnical pipe bags, reserving pipe bag silt flushing holes in a soaking section of the geotechnical pipe bags, simultaneously manufacturing silt flushing pipes, arranging pipeline silt flushing holes in the soaking section of the silt flushing pipes at the same interval as the pipe bag silt flushing holes, loading a supporting tripod and the silt flushing pipes into the geotechnical pipe bags, enabling spray heads to penetrate through the pipe bag silt flushing holes to be installed on the pipeline silt flushing holes, fixing the geotechnical pipe bags in rows pairwise by using connectors, and enabling the lengths after the rows to be the same as the length of the protection range;
sequentially mounting a lower-layer geogrid, a lower-layer geotextile, an upper-layer geogrid and an upper-layer geotextile among the geotextile tube bags to form a vegetation structure;
installing the opening end of the soil engineering pipe bag on a sludge filling hole of the fixed beam, and respectively filling sludge slurry and planting soil slurry into the soil engineering pipe bag and the plant growing structure by using the sludge filling structure;
after the silt filling work is finished, the silt filling structure is removed and connected with the silt flushing and oxygen supplying structure, when oxygen is supplied, the air pump is started, the valve is opened, air is input into the silt flushing pipe through the air conveying pipe, silt flushing or oxygen supplying is carried out through air injection of the spray head, and when siltation is generated, the silt flushing strength is improved.
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