CN111887139B - A kind of automatic watering method for controlling slope green plants - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic water supply irrigation method for controlling green plants on a side slope, which is characterized in that stored irrigation water is injected into a rotatably arranged water control tank at a stable flow rate, so that when the water stored in the water control tank exceeds a set water amount, the center of gravity of the water control tank shifts and turns over to be poured, and the water stored in the water control tank is poured into an irrigation pipe network to realize single water supply; after the water stored in the water control tank is poured into the irrigation pipe network, the gravity center position of the empty water control tank is recovered and turned over for resetting, and water is continuously injected for the next time and circulated, so that the intermittent continuous water supply irrigation of the irrigation pipe network is realized. The invention can realize the timed and quantitative mechanical automatic water supply irrigation of the irrigation pipe network. The dependence of the irrigation control process on electric power is reduced, so that the irrigation control system is more suitable for being used in a field slope greening ecological restoration system.

Description

A kind of automatic watering method for controlling slope green plants

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration and greening, in particular to a method for controlling the automatic watering of green plants on a slope.

Background technique

Due to the mining of mineral resources and the construction of road projects in arid and semi-arid areas, the topography and ecological environment of a large number of closed mines and roads have been severely damaged, and many rocky slopes with steep and high slopes have appeared. Usually these high and steep rocky slopes are not covered by vegetative soil, the rain-receiving area is small, and the water holding capacity is very poor. In addition, there is little rainfall in arid areas and unstable rock mass on the slope, so that the vegetation restoration on the slope is extremely difficult. And it is easy to cause geological disasters such as collapse and rockfall because the ecology cannot be restored, which seriously affects the ecological environment. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out vegetation restoration on the artificial high and steep rock slopes along the closed mines and roads in arid areas.

At present, for low (gentle) rock slopes in humid and semi-humid areas, vegetation restoration is mainly carried out by stacking planting soil bags and spraying planted soil (commonly planted concrete) on the slope. However, the vegetation restoration technology for high and steep rocky slopes in arid areas is still immature. The two conventional restoration technologies used for vegetation restoration on high and steep rocky slopes in arid areas will have the following problems: (1) Construction is difficult and the cost is high. . The three-dimensional mesh spraying technology has a large and dangerous work load for bolting on high and steep rocky slopes, and the construction cost is high; stacking planting bags is dangerous on the rocky slopes with high, steep and unstable rock mass. High performance, large workload, large thickness of planting bags, and high cost. (2) The applicability is limited by the complex terrain environment. Three-dimensional mesh spraying technology, the transportation of spraying equipment is limited by terrain and roads, and it is difficult to obtain water for spraying in some areas; the stacking of planting bags is limited in the stacking height of high and steep rocky slopes, and the planting soil on high and steep rocky slopes is limited. It is prone to geological disasters such as collapse or shallow landslides along the slope. (3) There is no support for rock blocks on high and steep rock slopes. (4) It is impossible to collect and store rainwater and automatically adjust the amount of irrigation water. A single vegetative soil layer has poor water retention, so it cannot provide long-term sufficient water for vegetation on high and steep rocky slopes in arid areas. Vegetation restoration takes a long time and has poor effect. Cultivation costs are high.

CN201910384331.2 once disclosed a hard slope greening repair method, including slope cleaning, setting anchors, laying galvanized wire mesh, improving red sandstone into planting soil, laying geomembrane, sowing, establishing automatic irrigation system and running and maintenance, improve the red sandstone soil layers with different content of sandstone content by adding modifiers, and use the automatic control system to install sprinklers on the pre-buried sprinkler system, and water plants through sprinkler heads. The sprinkler irrigation system can automatically control. The invention discloses a method of using an anchor rod for anchoring and collecting rainwater for sprinkler irrigation. However, there are still the following defects: 1. Simple anchoring cannot provide sufficient strength of support, while deeper anchoring has defects such as difficulty in operation, high anchoring risk, and reduced slope stability. 2. At the same time, rainwater is directly collected for sprinkling irrigation. The rainwater is also easy to be mixed with dirt, causing the pipeline to be blocked. The electric control equipment for sprinkling irrigation in the field is restricted by the power supply conditions and is prone to failure. high and not conducive to long-term maintenance.

Therefore, how to propose a technology suitable for ecological restoration of high and steep rock slopes in arid areas, improve the support and fixation effect of rock blocks on high and steep rock slopes; better collect rainwater for regular watering, reduce watering Controlling the dependence on electrical equipment, improving the greening effect and ecological restoration effect, and improving the construction safety and economy have become the key issues to be solved urgently in the research of vegetation restoration technology on high and steep rocky slopes in arid areas.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a control edge that can realize mechanical automatic watering, reduce the dependence of watering control on electrical equipment, and improve the ecological restoration effect of slope greening The automatic watering method for green plants on slopes makes it especially suitable for vegetation restoration on high and steep rocky slopes in arid areas. noodle.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An automatic watering method for controlling slope green plants, characterized in that the stored water for watering is poured into a rotatably set water control tank at a stable flow rate, so that when the water storage in the control tank exceeds the set water volume, the center of gravity of the water control tank is filled. Offset and overturn and dump, pour the water stored in the water control tank into the irrigation pipe network to achieve a single water supply; after the water stored in the water control tank is poured into the irrigation pipe network, the center of gravity of the empty water control tank is restored and turned to reset, and continue to go down One-time water injection and this cycle to achieve intermittent continuous watering of the irrigation pipe network.

Therefore, the present invention can realize the timed and quantitative mechanical automatic watering of the watering pipe network. The dependence of the irrigation control process on electricity is reduced, making it more suitable for use in the field slope greening ecological restoration system. It reduces the construction cost, reduces the follow-up maintenance cost, and improves the stability and sustainability of the ecological restoration system.

As an optimization, this method is realized by adopting the following slope greening ecological restoration system with automatic watering function. The base material, the anchoring system used to fix the plant base material and the irrigation pipe network embedded in the plant base material, the water inlet end of the irrigation pipe network is connected with the rainwater collection and storage unit; it also includes the arrangement between the water storage room and the irrigation pipe network The automatic watering control device is used to control the water storage room to supply water to the watering pipe network regularly and quantitatively.

In this way, the timed and quantitative water supply control of the processing pipe network can be realized, and the timed and quantitative watering effect can be ensured.

Further, the automatic watering control device includes a water control chamber located below the water storage chamber, the water control chamber is provided with a vertically arranged water control tank bracket, the upper end of the water control tank bracket is hingedly provided with a control water tank, and the specific gravity of the bottom of the water control tank is greater than that of the rest of the water control tank. And the hinge point is located at the rear of the middle, so that when the water control tank is empty, the center of gravity is located behind the hinge point and the center of gravity can move forward (pointing forward toward the outlet end of the control tank) after the water is filled to a certain proportion. When the tank is empty, the opening of the box is upward and facing the water outlet of the water storage chamber. When the opening of the water control tank is tilted downward, the opening of the box and the inlet of the main flow pipe of the irrigation pipe network are directly opposite.

In this way, a reversible water control tank is installed in the water control room, and the center of gravity of the water control tank is such that when the water control tank is empty, the tank mouth is upward, and the water stored in the upper water storage room is injected into the water control tank through the water outlet. , the mouth of the water control tank is tilted down, and the water is poured into the inlet of the main flow pipe of the irrigation pipe network. In this way, a purely mechanical structure is used to achieve quantitative control of the rainwater entering the irrigation pipe network each time. There is no need to use electric control valves, which avoids the restriction of electricity consumption, has better reliability and stability, and has a longer service life.

Further, the plane where the tank port of the water control tank is located is inclined and arranged, and the plane where the tank port is located is upward in the empty tank state.

In this way, the water in the water storage tank can better flow into the water control tank when the tank is empty, and the water can be better poured out into the main flow pipe inlet of the irrigation pipe network when the water control tank is dumped.

Further, the water control tank includes an external adjustment frame and a box installed in the adjustment frame. The adjustment frame is in the shape of a groove as a whole and is hinged on the upper end of the water control tank bracket. Adjustment fixing screws are provided horizontally through both sides of the adjustment frame. The adjustment fixing bolts can be adjusted. It is rotatably screwed on the adjusting frame, and the inner end abuts the box body to realize the fixation of the box body, and a counterweight block is inserted at the bottom of the groove of the adjusting frame.

In this way, by changing the upper and lower positions of the box in the adjusting frame and cooperating with increasing or decreasing the counterweight, the amount of water in the water control tank can be flexibly adjusted when it is overturned, so that the amount of water poured into the irrigation pipe network each time can be flexibly adjusted. It can be adjusted to better match the size of the slope area.

Further, a water passage pipe is arranged in the water storage chamber, and the lower end of the water passage pipe seals downward and passes out of the water storage chamber and extends to the top of the tank mouth of the water control tank.

In this way, the rainwater in the water storage chamber can be better accurately introduced into the water control tank by means of the water pipe.

Further, the water passage pipe is a hose and the length exceeds the height of the water storage chamber. The upper end of the water passage pipe is connected with a flow control float ball that floats on the water surface. The part of the flow control float ball immersed under the water surface is provided with a limited flow hole. The flow control float ball is also vertically provided with a ventilation hole, the ventilation hole and the flow restricting hole are crossed and communicated; the lower end of the ventilation hole and the upper end of the water pipe are sealed and communicated.

In this way, the water in the water storage chamber can be led into the water pipe through the restrictor hole and flow out into the water control tank, and the restrictor hole can be set small enough to prolong the time required for the water storage in the water control tank to be dumped once. The setting of the flow control float can ensure that no matter how much water remains in the water storage chamber, the restricting hole is always at a fixed height from the water surface, ensuring that the flow of water entering the water pipe through the restricting hole is constant. In order to ensure that the time required for the water storage in the water control tank to be dumped once is fixed, relying on the pure mechanical structure, the timing and quantitative automatic water supply to the irrigation pipe network is guaranteed. At the same time, the arrangement of the vent hole can realize the exhaust, so that the flow restrictor hole can be stably watered downward even if the restrictor hole is small enough.

Further, the diameter of the vent hole is more than 4 times the diameter of the restrictor hole. In order to make the diameter of the vent hole large enough to avoid the mutual obstruction of the exhaust gas and the water flow, which will affect the amount of water flowing in through the restrictor hole.

Further, the lower part of the current control floating ball is a solid floating ball entity, the upper part is a hollow floating ball cavity, the limiting hole is located on the floating ball entity, and the ventilation hole and the floating ball cavity are isolated and sealed from each other.

Further, the upper end of the current control float is also provided with a counterweight material inlet communicated with the cavity of the float.

In this way, the counterweight material can be added into the floating ball cavity through the counterweight material inlet, and then the draft depth of the float ball can be adjusted and changed, and then the speed of the water flow entering the water pipe through the restrictor hole can be adjusted. Furthermore, the interval time of each water supply can be adjusted as required to better adapt to the size of the slope.

In this way, the working principle of the above-mentioned automatic watering control device is as follows: since the floating ball will rise and fall with the rise and fall of the water level in the water storage chamber, the depth of immersion in the water will remain unchanged, so as to control the water pressure of the restrictor hole at 1/4 of the bottom surface of the water floating ball It can achieve stable control of the amount of water entering the ventilation hole through the restrictor hole; because the ventilation hole and the floating ball cavity are closed and isolated from each other, the water entering the ventilation hole will not enter the floating ball cavity, ensuring that the ventilation hole is upward At the same time, the buoyancy and immersion depth of the float ball are not affected; the water entering the vent hole flows into the water control tank through the water pipe at the lower end of the float ball; when in use, the center of gravity of the water control tank in an anhydrous state deviates from the water control tank bracket and deflects The bottom side of the water control tank, so that when the water control tank does not reach the designed water volume, the box mouth is upward to access the water flowing from the water pipe. Move, when the water volume reaches the designed water volume, the center of gravity of the water control tank will pass the position of the support of the water control tank and move to the side of the tank mouth, so that the water control tank will be dumped. To achieve periodic timing and quantitative automatic irrigation.

As an optimization, the rainwater collection and storage unit includes a water collection tank disposed on the top of the slope and adjacent to the side slope. A filter structure is arranged in the water collection tank, and a water storage chamber is arranged on the edge of the water collection tank, and the water in the water collection tank can be immersed. In the water storage room, the water storage room is connected with the water inlet end of the irrigation pipe network.

In this way, when it rains, the ground runoff of the mountain above the slope can be collected into the rainwater collection and storage unit. After being filtered by the filter structure, it is immersed into the water storage room, and the clean rainwater can be collected in the water storage room as the water source for irrigation. In this way, the rainwater resources are fully utilized, and the particulate matter and mud sand impurities are removed after the rainwater is filtered, which can better avoid the clogging of the irrigation pipe network and prolong the service life of the irrigation system.

As an optimization, the sump is set at the lowest part of the mountain above the slope.

In this way, it is more convenient for the rainwater of the mountain above the slope to be collected and flowed into the water collection tank, and the effect of rainwater collection and utilization is improved.

As an optimization, the bottom of the sump is inclined, and the water storage chamber and the bottom of the sump are connected at the lowest point.

In this way, it is more convenient for the rainwater collected in the water collection tank to be more smoothly immersed into the water storage chamber.

Further, the bottom of the water collecting tank is in the shape of a triangle with the middle protruding upward and the two sides sloping downward, and there are two water storage chambers, which are respectively connected and arranged on both sides of the water collecting tank.

In this way, a water source is provided on each side of the irrigation pipe network, which facilitates the water resources drained by the irrigation pipe network to all parts of the slope to be more uniform and stable, and avoids the phenomenon of concentration on one side.

Further, the filtering structure includes a pebble layer, a gravel layer, a coarse sand layer, a medium sand layer and a fine sand layer laid in sequence from top to bottom, and the particle size of each layer decreases sequentially from top to bottom.

In this way, 5 layers of sand and gravel with different particle sizes are used for filtration, which can better improve the layer-by-layer filtration effect of each layer of filter material in the sump, and better collect clean water resources. At the same time, the structure can also well reduce the capillary effect in the water collecting tank, prevent the collected water from re-evaporating, and can better retain water.

Further, the bottom surface of the water collecting tank is obtained from a water-dividing concrete layer cast with concrete.

This facilitates construction to obtain the bottom surface of the water collecting tank with the required inclination, and can also better ensure the anti-seepage effect of the bottom surface of the water collecting tank.

A better choice is that the slope on both sides of the bottom of the sump is about 3%, which can better guide rainwater to flow into the water storage chambers on both sides.

Further, the water storage chamber is an integrally poured reinforced concrete chamber.

In this way, it can be ensured that it has a good anti-seepage ability.

Further, permeable bricks are arranged between the water storage chamber and the fine sand layer at the bottom of the water collecting tank.

This can better ensure that the sediment in the rainwater is filtered clean before entering the water storage room, prevent the sediment from entering the water storage room, ensure the smoothness and stability of the irrigation pipe network, and prolong the working life of the system.

Further, the top cover of the water storage chamber is provided with a movable concrete cover.

In this way, the entire water storage chamber is in a closed state, which can prevent sediment from infiltrating from above the water storage chamber, and can also open the cover plate to facilitate later maintenance of the water storage chamber.

Further, a stainless steel ventilation pipe is arranged on the concrete cover, the lower end of the ventilation pipe is exposed on the lower surface of the concrete cover, and the upper end of the ventilation pipe is higher than the ground and bent downward.

In this way, the communication between the water storage chamber and the atmosphere can be realized, so that the water stored in the water storage chamber can be used as a water source to control the inflow into the irrigation pipe network more smoothly to realize irrigation. And the mouth of the ventilation pipe is downward to avoid the soil and stone from the ground falling into the water storage chamber. In practice, the upper end of the vent pipe is preferably 50 cm above the ground to avoid soil splashing into the nozzle when it rains.

As an optimization, the irrigation pipe network includes main flow pipes arranged downward along the slope of the side slope. The water inlet at the upper end of the main flow pipe is connected to the automatic watering device (specifically, it is connected to the bottom of the water control room), and the main flow pipes are connected at intervals. There is a branch pipe, the branch pipe is horizontally arranged along the side slope and buried in the planting base material, and the branch pipe is provided with water seepage holes at intervals.

In this way, during watering, the automatic watering device regularly and quantitatively supplies water for watering into the main flow pipe, and through each branch pipe and the water seepage holes on it, the water directly seeps into the plant substrate, which can better avoid water evaporation and improve water resistance. resource utilization effect.

Further, in the main flow pipe, a plurality of intercepting water outlets are arranged at intervals from top to bottom; the intercepting water outlet includes a water outlet joint that is communicated with the main flow pipe, and the lower edge position of the joint where the water outlet joint and the main flow pipe meet. A sheet-shaped water receiving protrusion is formed extending obliquely upward to the inner cavity of the main flow pipe, and the edge of the water receiving protrusion and the inner cavity of the main flow pipe are surrounded to form an intercepting groove; the outer end of the water outlet joint is fixedly connected with the branch pipe.

In this way, each watering in the present application is timed and quantitative, which solves the problem of sufficient watering near the water source caused by long-term low-flow irrigation, but insufficient watering at the end of the pipe network. Regular quantitative irrigation has the characteristics of large water and short time. If it is arranged according to the conventional irrigation pipe network, it is impossible to achieve the same amount of irrigation of the branch pipes of different heights on the same main pipe. Therefore, the above-mentioned trapped water outlet structure is provided in the present application. In this way, each time the water is supplied quantitatively in the main flow pipe, the quantitatively supplied water flows downward from the main flow pipe, and each branch pipe relies on the interception groove to actively intercept the water to smoothly and quickly introduce the water into each branch pipe to ensure the water supply to each branch pipe. Effect. At the same time, by adjusting the size of the interception groove, the structure can ensure that the water volume connected to each branch pipe at different heights is balanced, and provide a balanced watering effect.

As an optimization, the upward inclination angle of the water-receiving protrusion is about 45 degrees.

In this way, it can ensure better water retention effect and have better structural strength to avoid being quickly damaged by water flow.

As an optimization, the shut-off water outlet is arranged on the main flow pipe at intervals from top to bottom and left and right.

In this way, it is more beneficial to improve the uniformity of the amount of water retained by each branch pipe.

As an optimization, the water inlet end of the branch pipe is bent or inclined upward and connected to the water outlet joint.

In this way, it is more convenient for each intercepting water outlet to introduce the intercepted irrigation water into each branch pipe.

Further, the height at which the water inlet end of the branch pipe is bent upward or inclined is 50 cm. Better introduction of irrigation water into the branch pipes.

As a structural manner, the interception area of the interception groove of each interception outlet gradually increases from top to bottom along the main flow pipe.

In this way, under the condition of timed and quantitative watering, each branch pipe can cut off water at the same time. In the same watering inflow time of the main pipe, the amount of water intercepted by each branch pipe is approximately equal. Moreover, the irrigation water flows into each branch pipe at the same time, which can better improve the uniformity of irrigation in the entire irrigation pipe network.

As another structural method, the water receiving bulge edge of each interception outlet is semi-elliptical as a whole, and the diameter of the short side is the same as the inner diameter of the main flow pipe, so that the interception groove occupies half of the cross-sectional area of the main flow pipe.

This structure can make the pair of branch pipes in the upper and left opposite sides of the main flow pipe intercept and fill the watering water, and then overflow from the intercepted water outlet to flow down. The branch pipes of different heights are filled with water one by one from top to bottom. The advantage of this is that it is easier and more accurate to calculate and control the amount of water required for each irrigation. The defect is that the main flow pipe above is filled with water first, and the watering time is often longer, which will affect the uniformity of watering. It can be adjusted to improve the uniformity of watering by adjusting the distance between adjacent main flow pipes to gradually decrease from top to bottom.

Further, the diameter of the main flow pipe is about 10cm, and the diameter of the outlet joint and the branch pipe is about 5cm. Better guarantee the drainage and watering effect.

As an optimization, a layer of water-conducting layer with strong capillary action is arranged in the plant substrate, and the branch pipes are buried in the water-conducting layer.

In this way, the irrigation water infiltrated from the seepage hole of the tributary pipe can better penetrate slowly to the entire slope through the aquifer to realize irrigation.

A better option is that the water conducting layer is obtained by using a geotextile blanket, and the branch pipes are wrapped in the geotextile blanket.

In this way, the capillary effect of the geotextile blanket is excellent, which can better achieve uniform water distribution, and at the same time, the tributary pipe is wrapped in it can play a good protective effect, preventing insects or sediment in the soil from entering and damaging the tributary pipe.

Further, an exhaust pipe extending upward from the plant base material and communicating with the atmosphere is provided at the end of the branch pipe.

In this way, the exhaust can be quickly exhausted through the exhaust pipe, so that the intercepted irrigation water can be introduced more smoothly at the inlet end of the branch pipe, and the irrigation water entering the branch pipe can quickly fill the entire pipeline, and then the water can be slowly seeped through the seepage hole to realize the irrigation. . It avoids the defect that the watering effect is good at the end close to the main flow pipe, and the watering effect is poor at the end far away from the main flow pipe. Better to ensure the uniformity of watering.

Further, the upper end of the exhaust pipe is bent downward.

It can better prevent mud or debris from entering the exhaust pipe and causing blockage.

Further, in implementation, the height of the upper end of the exhaust pipe is higher than the height of the corresponding intercepted water outlet of the branch pipe where it is located. It can better avoid the waste of irrigation water rushing out of the exhaust pipe; the height of the exhaust pipe can be selected to be about 1 meter during implementation. During implementation, the diameter of the exhaust pipe can be selected to be 1cm, which can meet the exhaust requirements and can better avoid the entry of debris.

A better choice during implementation is to open a water seepage hole on the wall of the lower edge of the branch pipe at intervals of about 15cm, so that the slope surface in the entire branch pipe can be irrigated evenly.

As an optimization, the anchoring system includes a plurality of rib nets arranged laterally along the slope. The space above the rib net forms a space for stacking plant substrates. Both sides of the rib net are fixed on anchor cables vertically arranged along the slope. The upper end of the cable is fixed on the anchor pile at the top of the slope.

In this way, the transversely arranged rib net bears the gravity of the planted base material on the slope, and the gravity is transferred to the anchor pile at the top of the slope through the anchor cable. In this way, the construction of anchor piles at the top of the slope is more convenient, simple and safe, and the anchor piles can be constructed deeper to withstand greater tensile force. The pull-down force is also more difficult to break off the anchor, and can make the anchor cable generate pressure into the slope to maintain the stability of the rock mass on the slope; it is more conducive to maintaining the structural stability of the slope without deep drilling of anchor holes on the slope. . Therefore, it is more convenient, efficient, and reliable to realize the fixation of the vegetation substrate on the slope, and improve the reliability of ecological restoration.

Further, the anchor cables are arranged in groups, each group is provided with two anchor cables, the two anchor cables are arranged at intervals along the plane perpendicular to the slope, and each adjacent two groups of anchor cables are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the slope. A rib net, the inner and outer ends on both sides of the rib net are respectively fixed on the two anchor cables of each group.

In this way, each group of two anchor cables can be more convenient for the installation and load bearing of the rib net. The anchor cable and the rib net divide the slope into multiple corresponding grid spaces, so that an effective three-dimensional flexible force transmission is formed on the slope surface. Structure; the plant material stacked in each space is subjected to gravity by the rib net and acts on the double-layer anchor cables on both sides, and then passed to the anchor piles on the top of the slope through the double-layer anchor cables, so that the upper grid space unit planting foundation. The pressure of the material on the planting base material of the lower unit is very small and will not be affected by the height of the slope, so the height of the planting base material on the slope surface is not limited by the height of the slope surface; it can better fix the planting material.

The anchor cable is preferably made of high-strength steel cable to better ensure the strength.

Further, the rib net is composed of rib and positioning steel bars at both ends, which are arranged horizontally on the slope surface, and the positioning steel bars at both ends of the rib net and the double-layer anchor cables on both sides are connected by anchor cable buckles.

In this way, the installation, connection and fixation of the rib net can be facilitated, and the fixing reliability between the rib net and the anchor cable can be better ensured, so as to prevent the rib from detaching from the anchor cable under the gravity of the plant material.

A better choice is that the length of the rib net is about 2m and the width is about 23cm, and the vertical interval of the rib net on the slope is about 1.5m. In this way, it can be ensured that the weight of the plant material in the grid unit where each rib net is located is moderate, and the stability and reliability of the overall fixation can be ensured.

Further, in each group of anchor cables, the inner anchor cables have a distance from the bottom of the slope.

This is because the innermost layer of the planting base material is the guest soil layer, so the structure can keep a certain distance between the reinforcing strip net and the bottom of the slope while ensuring the fixed effect of the strip mesh on the plant base material. The guest soil layer at the bottom of the vegetative base material accumulated at the bottom of the slope can be connected into one piece, so that the roots of the plant growth can better grasp the rock surface of the slope and grow into one piece after entering the guest soil layer. Furthermore, after the plants grow, the structural stability of the whole slope greening system can be better improved by relying on the root system of the plants. The distance is preferably 2 cm, which can make the above effect to be optimal.

Further, the anchor pile is a profiled steel concrete pile, the pile body of the anchor pile is embedded in the rock formation on the top of the slope, and the top and middle and lower parts of the anchor pile (preferably about 20cm from the ground) respectively have front and rear through and inclined anchor cables. The anchorage is installed in the hole of the anchor cable and used to fix the anchor cable.

In this way, the structural strength of the anchor pile itself can be better guaranteed, the bearing effect on the anchor cable can be ensured, and the gravitational load of the base material on the slope surface transmitted by the anchor cable can be supported.

Further, a guide pier is also provided at the edge of the top of the slope corresponding to each group of anchor cables, and a guide limit hole is arranged in the guide pier along the front and rear directions, and the upper end of the anchor cable passes through the guide limit hole and is fixed to the anchor pile backwards. superior.

In this way, the anchor cable is connected to the anchor pile after being guided and changed by the guide pier. The guide pier can arrange each group of anchor cables at different positions on the top of the slope according to the design, and can better bear the force and transmit the force, and can also decompose part of the anchor cable tension. offset, better improve the stability and reliability of the entire anchoring system. During the implementation, the guide piers are set at an interval of about 2m, which is the same as the distance between the adjacent two groups of anchor cables.

Further, the guide pier is a reinforced concrete pier and is embedded in the bedrock at the top of the slope. The top and middle and lower parts of the guide pier are respectively embedded with steel pipes along the front and rear directions, and the inner hole of the steel pipe forms the guide limit hole of the guide pier.

In this way, the construction setting of the guide pier is facilitated. In implementation, it is preferable to use a steel pipe with an inner diameter of about 1.1 times the diameter of the designed anchor cable, so as to facilitate the passage of the anchor cable.

Further, a row of positioning rods are also arranged at vertical intervals on the slope where each group of anchor cables is located, the lower ends of the positioning rods are fixed to the slope surface, and the top and middle of the positioning rods are provided with positioning holes along the direction of the anchor cables. Slide through the positioning hole.

In this way, since the tensile force of the anchor cable is borne by the anchor pile, the positioning rod basically does not bear the gravity of the planted base material, and the function of the positioning rod is mainly to keep the anchor cable arranged according to the required position and spacing. Therefore, the lower end of the positioning rod only needs to be fixed to the slope surface very shallowly, and there is no need to drill deep anchor holes on the slope surface to damage the slope surface structure. This not only facilitates construction, but also better improves the overall stability of the system.

When implementing, the better choice of size parameters is that the distance between each row of positioning rods is about 2-3m, the length of the positioning rods outside the slope rock wall is about 30cm, and the positioning holes in the middle and lower parts of the positioning rods are set about 2cm away from the slope surface, and the inner diameter of the positioning holes is set. It is about 1.1 times the diameter of the designed anchor cable. can make it the best positioning effect.

Further, an anchor rod is arranged at the bottom of the slope under each group of anchor cables, the lower end of the anchor rod is anchored in the rock formation at the bottom of the slope, and the bottom of the anchor cable is fixedly connected to the anchor rod through the anchor cable buckle, so that the anchor cable is in the shape of an anchor rod. A prestressed state in which pressure is applied to the positioning rod into the slope body.

In this way, the setting of the anchor rod makes the upper and lower ends of the anchor cable are tensioned and in a prestressed state where pressure is applied inwardly, so that the positioning rod is pressed inwardly, and it is more difficult to fall off, which can better improve the stability of the entire anchoring system. Stability and reliability.

In this way, after the above-mentioned anchoring system is installed, each group of vertical anchor cables and horizontal rib nets form an effective three-dimensional flexible force transmission structure on the high and steep rock slope. The gravity of all the planted substrates will be transmitted to the vertical double-layer anchor cables through the rib net, and then to the anchor piles at the top of the slope through the double-layered anchor cables, thus forming a top-anchored planting substrate fixing system (that is, the anchoring system). ). Because the top-anchor planting base material fixing system divides the planting base material on the slope into many units of 2m×1.5m, each unit is independent of each other, and the gravity of each unit is balanced by the tension of the anchor cable to the anchor pile on the top of the slope. , so that the pressure of the upper unit planting base material on the lower unit planting base material is very small and will not be affected by the slope height, so the height of the planting base material on the slope surface is not limited by the height of the slope surface, and the thickness of the planting base material can be adjusted along the slope. The entire slope height remains unchanged; at the same time, the damage of a single unit only has a slight impact on its adjacent lower unit, so that the overall collapse disaster of the planted substrate will not occur; For the surface-stressed anchor rod, the positioning rod of the top-anchor planting base material fixing system on the slope surface is not affected by the downward gravity of the planting base material, so the distance between the fixing points is large, and the embedded depth requirement is low, which can be greatly reduced. High and steep rock slopes have a high-risk workload, and the construction difficulty and safety are effectively improved; in addition, the double-layer anchor cable will exert a vertical slope inward force through the positioning rod, which will not only prevent the stability of the rock slope. On the contrary, it will effectively improve the stability of the slope.

As an optimization, the vegetative base material includes a water-retaining soil layer laid on the bottom surface of the slope, a vegetative layer arranged above the water-retaining soil layer, the vegetative layer contains plant seeds, and a water-retaining layer is also arranged above the vegetative layer to retain water. At least one layer of breccia material is provided in the layer.

In this way, the set water-holding soil layer is connected to the rocky slope, which has good water absorption and strong water-holding capacity. Provide long-term stable water for vegetation growth on rocky slopes. After the plant seeds in the vegetative layer germinate, the roots are rolled into the water-holding soil layer to absorb water and nutrient growth. At the same time, a water-retaining layer mainly formed of breccia material is set up, which can take advantage of the weak capillary water action of breccia material to better avoid water evaporation and achieve water conservation and maintenance. It is more conducive to the growth and restoration of slope vegetation. During implementation, the thickness of the water-holding soil layer is preferably about 10 cm, which can better ensure the above effects.

As an optimal choice, the water-holding soil layer is prepared by spraying with a three-dimensional mesh. It has the characteristics of simple, convenient and quick construction, and is more suitable for areas where construction water is relatively abundant.

As another optimization option, the water-holding soil layer is obtained by piling soil bags. It has the characteristics of low cost and is more suitable for areas where construction water is relatively scarce.

Further, a layer of water-conducting layer with strong capillary action is also arranged between the water-holding soil layer and the vegetation layer.

In this way, the water-conducting layer can evenly distribute the water for watering to the water-holding soil layer on the entire slope, so as to better ensure the watering effect. At the same time, the setting of the water-conducting layer can effectively increase the distance between the upper and lower adjacent pipes of the horizontal branch pipe for irrigation, reduce the amount of the branch pipe, and reduce the engineering cost.

Further, the water-conducting layer is obtained by laying geotextiles. It has the advantages of low cost, easy implementation and good water guiding effect.

Further, a branch pipe for watering is wrapped in the geotextile. In this way, the water irrigated by the tributary pipe directly passes through the water-conducting layer of the geotextile blanket to achieve uniform water distribution on the slope surface and better improve the uniformity of watering. At the same time, it is beneficial to protect the branch pipe and prolong its service life.

In practice, the thickness of the geotextile is preferably about 1 cm. If it is too thin, the water distribution and water conduction effect will not be good, and if it is too thick, it will easily affect the range of water conduction and the growth of plant roots.

During implementation, the vegetative layer can be formed by mixing vegetative materials with plant seeds and then stirring and pressing, and the thickness is preferably about 8 cm. The plant material can be a mixture of crushed straw, organic fertilizer, plant growth regulator and soil, which can be specific to the existing formulation technology, which will not be described in detail here.

As an optimization, the water retention layer consists of two layers of straw blankets and a layer of breccia material sandwiched between the two layers of straw blankets.

In this way, the straw blanket on the inner layer can be used as a transition buffer between the breccia material and the vegetation layer, which is conducive to the growth of plants and breaking the water-retaining layer. Insects, birds and other creatures from the outside stay or live in, and then bring in some native plant seeds to grow, which is conducive to ecological restoration. At the same time, the straw blanket can be used as a nutrient source for plants after a period of decay, so it is more conducive to the plant growth and ecological restoration of the slope as a whole.

As an optimization, the breccia material layer is composed of a breccia-three-dimensional polymer fiber web, and the breccia-three-dimensional polymer fiber web is specifically obtained by filling the three-dimensional polymer fiber web with breccia with a particle size of 0.5-2 cm.

In this way, construction is more convenient. During implementation, the thickness of the two-layer straw blanket is preferably about 2cm, the thickness of the breccia material layer formed by the middle breccia-three-dimensional polymer fiber net is preferably about 4cm, and the fiber net aperture is preferably 1-2.5cm, which can be better. to ensure the above effect.

As an optimization, the vegetation layer is laid by prefabricated vegetation layer blocks, and the water retaining layer is laid by prefabricated water retaining layer blocks.

In this way, the planting layer and the water-retaining layer are all standardized in the factory to form a block structure, which can be simply stacked and fixed during construction, which greatly improves the construction efficiency. The block structure is preferably a rectangular block with length×width=74cm×49cm.

As an optimization, mesh-type pins are also provided. The mesh-type pins are composed of pins and a pulling net connected to each pin at the tail of the pins. in the water-soil layer.

In this way, it is more favorable for efficient and rapid construction to obtain a plant substrate structure with a stable and reliable structure.

In specific implementation, the mesh pin is preferably made of high corrosion-resistant polymer material. During construction, the blocks of the water retention layer and the blocks of the vegetation layer can be fixed together by mesh pins in advance to form a combined layer of the vegetation layer and the water retention layer. The length of the pin is preferably about 25cm, which is 9cm longer than the combined thickness of the vegetation layer and the water-retaining layer. After being transported to the site, the combined layer with mesh pins is manually fixed on the water-retaining soil layer through the pins, so as to realize the vegetation layer. It can be fixed with the water-retaining layer on the slope surface and form a multi-layered water-retaining base material with strong water-retention. It has the characteristics of very convenient, fast and efficient construction.

Therefore, the proposed solution has the following outstanding beneficial effects: (1) The top-anchored planting base material fixing structure can realize that the laying height of the planting base material on high and steep rock slopes is not limited by the slope and height of the slope, and the laying thickness can be along the The entire slope height remains unchanged; ② the top-anchored planting base material fixing structure can effectively support the slope of high and steep rock slopes and improve the stability of the slope surface; ③ the top-anchoring planting base material fixing structure can unite The plant base material is fixed chemically, and the overall collapse disaster of the plant base material will not occur, and there are few positioning poles on the slope surface, which effectively reduces the amount of engineering and engineering cost; ④ The rainwater harvesting irrigation system can realize the collection and irrigation of the rainfall at the top of the slope. Automatic control of water volume, effective use of natural rainfall, and effective reduction of late-stage cultivation costs; Standardized production and construction, modular assembly, simple process, fast construction speed, safety and economy.

To sum up, the present invention has the advantages of being able to better collect rainwater for regular watering, reducing the dependence of watering control on electrical equipment, improving the ecological restoration effect of slope greening, and improving construction safety and economy. It is especially suitable for vegetation restoration and greening on high and steep rocky slopes in arid areas.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a part of a rainwater harvesting and watering system in a slope greening ecological restoration system with an automatic watering function according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram showing the filtering structure in the separate rainwater collection and storage unit in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the separate automatic watering control device in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the separate flow control float part in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a separate main flow pipe, a branch pipe and a water outlet joint in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchoring system in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a left side view of FIG. 6 .

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the anchor pile part in FIG. 7 .

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the guide pier part in FIG. 6 .

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the web portion of the rib in FIG. 6 from a top view.

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning rod portion in FIG. 6 from a top view.

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a separate planting substrate in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a mesh pin in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a side view of FIG. 13 in another direction.

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a slope repair construction prefab in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

The best embodiment: as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 15.

An automatic watering method for controlling slope green plants, the main point of which is that the stored water is poured into a rotatably set water control tank at a stable flow rate, so that when the water storage in the control tank exceeds the set water volume, the center of gravity of the water control tank is filled. Offset and overturn and dump, pour the water stored in the water control tank into the irrigation pipe network to achieve a single water supply; after the water stored in the water control tank is poured into the irrigation pipe network, the center of gravity of the empty water control tank is restored and turned to reset, and continue to go down One-time water injection and this cycle to achieve intermittent continuous watering of the irrigation pipe network.

Therefore, the present invention can realize the timed and quantitative mechanical automatic watering of the watering pipe network. It reduces the dependence of the irrigation control process on electricity, making it more suitable for use in the field slope greening ecological restoration system. It reduces the construction cost, reduces the follow-up maintenance cost, and improves the stability and sustainability of the ecological restoration system.

In this specific embodiment, the method is implemented by the following slope greening ecological restoration system with automatic watering function. The plant base material C on the top, the anchoring system B for fixing the plant base material and the irrigation pipe network A-4 embedded in the plant base material, the water inlet end of the irrigation pipe network is connected with the rainwater collection and storage unit; among them, the rainwater collection and storage unit The unit (see Figure 1) includes a water collecting tank A-1 arranged on the top of the slope and adjacent to the side slope. A filtering structure is arranged in the water collecting tank, and the edge of the water collecting tank is connected with a water storage chamber A-2. Water can be immersed into the water storage chamber, and the water storage chamber is connected to the water inlet end of the irrigation pipe network A-4. The rainwater collection and storage unit and the irrigation pipe network together constitute the rainwater collection and irrigation system A.

In this way, when it rains, the ground runoff of the mountain above the slope can be collected into the rainwater collection and storage unit. After being filtered by the filter structure, it is immersed into the water storage room, and the clean rainwater can be collected in the water storage room as the water source for watering. In this way, the rainwater resources are fully utilized, and the particulate matter and mud sand impurities are removed after the rainwater is filtered, which can better avoid the clogging of the irrigation pipe network and prolong the service life of the irrigation system.

Among them, the water collecting tank is set at the lowest part of the mountain above the slope.

In this way, it is more convenient for the rainwater of the mountain above the slope to be collected and flowed into the water collection tank, and the effect of rainwater collection and utilization is improved.

Among them, the bottom of the sump is inclined, and the water storage chamber is connected to the lowest part of the bottom of the sump.

In this way, it is more convenient for the rainwater collected in the water collection tank to be more smoothly immersed into the water storage chamber.

Among them, the bottom of the water collecting tank is in the shape of a triangle with the middle protruding upward and the two sides sloping downward, and there are two water storage chambers, which are respectively connected and arranged on both sides of the water collecting tank.

In this way, a water source is provided on each side of the irrigation pipe network, which facilitates the water resources drained by the irrigation pipe network to all parts of the slope to be more uniform and stable, and avoids the phenomenon of concentration on one side.

1 and 2, the filter structure includes a pebble layer A-1-1, a gravel layer A-1-2, a coarse sand layer A-1-3, and a medium sand layer A laid in sequence from top to bottom -1-4 and fine sand layer A-1-5, the material size of each layer decreases sequentially from top to bottom.

In this way, 5 layers of sand and gravel with different particle sizes are used for filtration, which can better improve the layer-by-layer filtration effect of each layer of filter material in the sump, and better collect clean water resources. At the same time, the structure can also well reduce the capillary effect in the water collecting tank, prevent the collected water from re-evaporating, and can better retain water.

Among them, the bottom surface of the water collecting tank is obtained from the water-dividing concrete layer A-1-6 poured with concrete.

This facilitates construction to obtain the bottom surface of the water collecting tank with the required inclination, and can also better ensure the anti-seepage effect of the bottom surface of the water collecting tank.

A better choice is that the slope on both sides of the bottom of the sump is about 3%, which can better guide rainwater to flow into the water storage chambers on both sides.

Among them, the water storage room A-2 is an integrally poured reinforced concrete room.

In this way, it can be ensured that it has a good anti-seepage ability.

Wherein, a permeable brick A-2-1 is arranged between the water storage chamber A-2 and the fine sand layer A-1-5 at the bottom of the water collecting tank.

This can better ensure that the sediment in the rainwater is filtered clean before entering the water storage room, prevent the sediment from entering the water storage room, ensure the smoothness and stability of the irrigation pipe network, and prolong the working life of the system.

Among them, the top cover of the water storage chamber is provided with a movable concrete cover plate A-2-2.

In this way, the entire water storage chamber is in a closed state, which can prevent sediment from infiltrating from above the water storage chamber, and can also open the cover plate to facilitate later maintenance of the water storage chamber.

The concrete cover is provided with a stainless steel vent pipe A-2-3, the lower end of the vent pipe is exposed on the lower surface of the concrete cover, and the top end of the vent pipe is higher than the ground and bent downward.

In this way, the communication between the water storage chamber and the atmosphere can be realized, so that the water stored in the water storage chamber can be used as a water source to control the inflow into the irrigation pipe network more smoothly to realize irrigation. And the mouth of the ventilation pipe is downward to avoid the soil and stone from the ground falling into the water storage chamber. In practice, the upper end of the vent pipe is preferably 50 cm above the ground to avoid soil splashing into the nozzle when it rains.

In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 to FIG. 4 , it also includes an automatic watering control device A-3 arranged between the water storage chamber and the irrigation pipe network. The automatic watering control device is used to control the timing and quantitative direction of the water storage chamber. Irrigation network water supply.

In this way, the timed and quantitative water supply control of the processing pipe network can be realized, and the timed and quantitative watering effect can be ensured.

Among them, the automatic watering control device A-3 includes a water control room A-3-4 located below the water storage room, and the water control room has a vertically arranged water control tank bracket A-3-6, and the upper end of the water control tank bracket is hingedly arranged There is a control tank A-3-5. The specific gravity of the bottom of the control tank is larger than that of the rest of the tank and the hinge point is located at the rear of the middle, so that the center of gravity of the control tank is located behind the hinge point when the tank is empty and the center of gravity can move forward when the water is filled to a certain proportion ( Pointing forward toward the outlet end of the water control tank) beyond the hinge point, when the water control tank is empty, the box mouth is upward and is set directly opposite to the water outlet of the water storage chamber. The inlet of the main flow pipe is directly opposite.

In this way, a reversible water control tank is installed in the water control room, and the center of gravity of the water control tank is such that when the water control tank is empty, the tank mouth is upward, and the water stored in the upper water storage room is injected into the water control tank through the water outlet. , the mouth of the water control tank is tilted down, and the water is poured into the inlet of the main flow pipe of the irrigation pipe network. In this way, a purely mechanical structure is used to achieve quantitative control of the rainwater entering the irrigation pipe network each time. There is no need to use electric control valves, which avoids the restriction of electricity consumption, has better reliability and stability, and has a longer service life.

Wherein, the plane where the tank mouth of the water control tank is located is inclined and arranged, and when the tank is empty, the plane where the tank mouth is located is upward.

In this way, the water in the water storage tank can better flow into the water control tank when the tank is empty, and the water can be better poured out into the main flow pipe inlet of the irrigation pipe network when the water control tank is dumped.

Among them, the water control tank includes an external adjustment frame A-3-3 and a box installed in the adjustment frame. The adjustment frame is in the shape of a groove as a whole and is hinged on the upper end of the water control tank bracket. The two sides of the adjustment frame are horizontally provided with adjustment fixing screws. The adjusting fixing bolt is rotatably screwed on the adjusting frame, and the inner end abuts the box body to realize the fixing of the box body, and a counterweight block A-3-7 is inserted at the bottom position of the adjusting frame groove.

In this way, by changing the upper and lower positions of the box in the adjusting frame and cooperating with increasing or decreasing the counterweight, the amount of water in the water control tank can be flexibly adjusted when it is overturned, so that the amount of water poured into the irrigation pipe network each time can be flexibly adjusted. It can be adjusted to better match the size of the slope area. During specific implementation, the middle part of the lower end of the adjusting frame has a horizontally arranged hinge shaft and is hinged to the upper end of the water control tank bracket rotatably by means of the hinge shaft. In specific implementation, the upper end of the empty water tank bracket can be designed as a U-shaped bifurcation to facilitate the installation of the water control tank. When the water control tank is installed, the installation position and specific gravity can be adjusted so that the water control tank can open upward when there is no water, and form a formation with the horizontal plane. The angle is about 15 degrees; when the water in the water tank reaches the designed water volume and dumps, the opening is also at an angle of about 15 degrees to the horizontal plane. In this way, the water tank can be returned to the state with the opening upward after the water is poured; and the circulation function can be poured after reaching the designed water volume.

Wherein, a water passage pipe A-3-2 is arranged in the water storage chamber, and the lower end of the water passage pipe penetrates downwardly out of the water storage chamber in a sealed manner and extends to the top of the tank mouth of the water control tank.

In this way, the rainwater in the water storage chamber can be better accurately introduced into the water control tank by means of the water pipe.

Among them, the water pipe A-3-2 is a hose and its length exceeds the height of the water storage chamber. The upper end of the water pipe is connected with a flow control float A-3-1 floating on the water surface, and the flow control float ball is immersed under the water surface. The limited flow hole A-3-1c is arranged horizontally through the part of the air flow control float, and the ventilation hole A-3-1d is also arranged vertically through the flow control float. Sealed communication setup.

In this way, the water in the water storage chamber can be led into the water pipe through the restrictor hole and flow out into the water control tank, and the restrictor hole can be set small enough to prolong the time required for the water storage in the water control tank to be dumped once. The setting of the flow control float can ensure that no matter how much water remains in the water storage chamber, the restricting hole is always at a fixed height from the water surface, ensuring that the flow of water entering the water pipe through the restricting hole is constant. In order to ensure that the time required for the water storage in the water control tank to be dumped once is fixed, relying on the pure mechanical structure, the timing and quantitative automatic water supply to the irrigation pipe network is guaranteed. At the same time, the arrangement of the ventilation holes can realize exhaust, so that the restricting holes can stably supply water downward.

Among them, the diameter of the vent hole A-3-1d is more than 4 times the diameter of the restrictor hole A-3-1c. In order to make the diameter of the vent hole large enough to avoid the mutual obstruction of the exhaust gas and the water flow, which will affect the amount of water flowing in through the restrictor hole.

Among them, the lower part of the control float is a solid float body A-3-1a, the upper part is a hollow float cavity A-3-1b, the limit hole is located on the float body A-3-1a, and the ventilation hole is connected to the float body A-3-1a. The floating ball cavities A-3-1b are isolated and sealed from each other.

Wherein, the upper end of the flow control float is also provided with a counterweight material inlet communicated with the cavity of the float.

In this way, the counterweight material can be added into the floating ball cavity through the counterweight material inlet, and then the draft depth of the float ball can be adjusted and changed, and then the speed of the water flow entering the water pipe through the restrictor hole can be adjusted. Furthermore, the interval time of each water supply can be adjusted as required to better adapt to the size of the slope.

In this way, the working principle of the above-mentioned automatic watering control device is as follows: since the floating ball will rise and fall with the rise and fall of the water level in the water storage chamber, the depth of immersion in the water will remain unchanged, so as to control the water pressure of the restrictor hole at 1/4 of the bottom surface of the water floating ball It can achieve stable control of the amount of water entering the ventilation hole through the restrictor hole; because the ventilation hole and the floating ball cavity are closed and isolated from each other, the water entering the ventilation hole will not enter the floating ball cavity, ensuring that the ventilation hole is upward At the same time, the buoyancy and immersion depth of the float ball are not affected; the water entering the vent hole flows into the water control tank through the water pipe at the lower end of the float ball; when in use, the center of gravity of the water control tank in an anhydrous state deviates from the water control tank bracket and deflects The bottom side of the water control tank, so that when the water control tank does not reach the designed water volume, the box mouth is upward to access the water flowing from the water pipe. Move, when the water volume reaches the designed water volume, the center of gravity of the water control tank will pass the position of the support of the water control tank and move to the side of the tank mouth, so that the water control tank will be dumped. To achieve periodic timing and quantitative automatic irrigation.

1 and 5, the irrigation pipe network A-4 includes a main flow pipe A-4-1 arranged downward along the slope of the side slope, and the water inlet at the upper end of the main flow pipe is connected to the automatic watering device (specifically and controlled The bottom of the water chamber is connected), the main flow pipe is connected with branch pipes A-4-3 at intervals, the branch pipes are horizontally arranged along the slope and buried in the plant base material, and the branch pipes are provided with water seepage holes A-4-3a at intervals .

In this way, during watering, the automatic watering device regularly and quantitatively supplies water for watering into the main flow pipe, and through each branch pipe and the water seepage holes on it, the water directly seeps into the plant substrate, which can better avoid water evaporation and improve water resistance. resource utilization effect.

Among them, in the main flow pipe A-4-1, a plurality of intercepting water outlets A-4-2 are provided at intervals from top to bottom; the intercepting water outlet A-4-2 includes a water outlet joint that is communicated with the main flow pipe A-4-2b, the lower edge of the junction of the outlet joint and the main flow pipe extends obliquely upward to the inner cavity of the main flow pipe to form a sheet-shaped water receiving protrusion, and the edge of the water receiving protrusion and the inner cavity of the main flow pipe are surrounded to form a The interception groove A-4-2a; the outer end of the water outlet joint is fixedly connected with the branch pipe.

In this way, each watering in the present application is timed and quantitative, which solves the problem of sufficient watering near the water source caused by long-term low-flow irrigation, but insufficient watering at the end of the pipe network. Regular quantitative irrigation has the characteristics of large water and short time. If it is arranged according to the conventional irrigation pipe network, it is impossible to achieve the same amount of irrigation of the branch pipes of different heights on the same main pipe. Therefore, the above-mentioned trapped water outlet structure is provided in the present application. In this way, each time the water is supplied quantitatively in the main flow pipe, the quantitatively supplied water flows downward from the main flow pipe, and each branch pipe relies on the interception groove to actively intercept the water to smoothly and quickly introduce the water into each branch pipe to ensure the water supply to each branch pipe. Effect. At the same time, by adjusting the size of the interception groove, the structure can ensure that the water volume connected to each branch pipe at different heights is balanced, and provide a balanced watering effect.

Among them, the upward inclination angle of the water receiving protrusion is about 45 degrees.

In this way, it can ensure better water retention effect and have better structural strength to avoid being quickly damaged by water flow.

Wherein, the shut-off water outlet A-4-2 is arranged on the main flow pipe at intervals from top to bottom and left and right.

In this way, it is more beneficial to improve the uniformity of the amount of water retained by each branch pipe.

Wherein, the water inlet end of the branch pipe is bent or inclined upward and connected to the water outlet joint.

In this way, it is more convenient for each intercepting water outlet to introduce the intercepted irrigation water into each branch pipe.

Wherein, the height at which the water inlet end of the branch pipe is bent upward or inclined is 50 cm. Better introduction of irrigation water into the branch pipes.

In this embodiment, the interception areas of the interception grooves of the interception water outlets gradually increase from top to bottom along the main flow pipe.

In this way, under the condition of timed and quantitative watering, each branch pipe can cut off water at the same time. In the same watering inflow time of the main pipe, the amount of water intercepted by each branch pipe is equal. Moreover, the irrigation water flows into each branch pipe at the same time, which can better improve the uniformity of irrigation in the entire irrigation pipe network.

As another practicable structure, the water-receiving bulge edge of each interception outlet is semi-elliptical as a whole, and the diameter of the short side is the same as the inner diameter of the main flow pipe, so that the interception groove occupies half of the cross-sectional area of the main flow pipe.

This structure can make the pair of branch pipes in the upper and left opposite sides of the main flow pipe intercept and fill the watering water, and then overflow from the intercepted water outlet to flow down. The branch pipes of different heights are filled with water one by one from top to bottom. The advantage of this is that it is easier and more accurate to calculate and control the amount of water required for each irrigation. The defect is that the main flow pipe above is filled with water first, and the watering time is often longer, which will affect the uniformity of watering. It can be adjusted to improve the uniformity of watering by adjusting the distance between adjacent main flow pipes to gradually decrease from top to bottom.

In this embodiment, the diameter of the main flow pipe is about 10 cm, and the diameter of the outlet joint and the branch pipe is about 5 cm. Better guarantee the drainage and watering effect.

Wherein, a layer of water-conducting layer with strong capillary action is arranged in the plant base material, and the branch pipes are embedded in the position of the water-conducting layer.

In this way, the irrigation water infiltrated from the seepage hole of the tributary pipe can better penetrate slowly to the entire slope through the aquifer to realize irrigation.

In this embodiment, the water-conducting layer is obtained by using a geotextile blanket, and the branch pipes are wrapped in the geotextile blanket.

In this way, the capillary effect of the geotextile blanket is excellent, which can better achieve uniform water distribution, and at the same time, the tributary pipe is wrapped in it can play a good protective effect, preventing insects or sediment in the soil from entering and damaging the tributary pipe.

Wherein, at the end of the branch pipe A-4-3, there is an exhaust pipe A-4-4 extending upwards from the plant base material and communicating with the atmosphere.

In this way, the exhaust can be quickly exhausted through the exhaust pipe, so that the intercepted irrigation water can be introduced more smoothly at the inlet end of the branch pipe, and the irrigation water entering the branch pipe can quickly fill the entire pipeline, and then the water can be slowly seeped through the seepage hole to realize the irrigation. . It avoids the defect that the watering effect is good at the end close to the main flow pipe, and the watering effect is poor at the end far away from the main flow pipe. Better to ensure the uniformity of watering.

Wherein, the upper end of the exhaust pipe is bent downward.

It can better prevent mud or debris from entering the exhaust pipe and causing blockage.

Wherein, the height of the upper end of the exhaust pipe is higher than the height of the corresponding intercepted water outlet of the branch pipe where it is located. It can better avoid the waste of irrigation water rushing out of the exhaust pipe; the height of the exhaust pipe can be selected to be about 1 meter during implementation. During implementation, the diameter of the exhaust pipe can be selected to be 1cm, which can meet the exhaust requirements and can better avoid the entry of debris.

A better choice during implementation is to open a water seepage hole A-4-3a at every 15cm interval on the lower edge pipe wall of the branch pipe A-4-3, so that the slope in the entire branch pipe can be uniformly covered. water.

In this embodiment, referring to FIGS. 6-11 , the anchoring system B includes several rib nets B-6 arranged laterally along the side slope. A space for stacking planting substrates is formed above the rib nets, and two sides of the rib nets are formed. It is fixed on the anchor cable B-5 arranged vertically along the slope, and the upper end of the anchor cable is fixed on the anchor pile B-1 at the top of the slope.

In this way, the transversely arranged rib net bears the gravity of the planted base material on the slope, and the gravity is transferred to the anchor pile at the top of the slope through the anchor cable. In this way, the construction of anchor piles at the top of the slope is more convenient, simple and safe, and the anchor piles can be constructed deeper to withstand greater tensile force. The pull-down force is also more difficult to break off the anchor, and can make the anchor cable generate pressure into the slope to maintain the stability of the rock mass on the slope; it is more conducive to maintaining the structural stability of the slope without deep drilling of anchor holes on the slope. . Therefore, it is more convenient, efficient, and reliable to realize the fixation of the vegetation substrate on the slope, and improve the reliability of ecological restoration.

Among them, the anchor cables are arranged in groups, and each group is provided with two anchor cables, and the two anchor cables are arranged at intervals along the plane perpendicular to the slope, and between each adjacent two groups of anchor cables are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the slope. Rib net, the inner and outer ends on both sides of the rib net are respectively fixed on the two anchor cables of each group.

In this way, each group of two anchor cables can be more convenient for the installation and load bearing of the rib net. The anchor cable and the rib net divide the slope into multiple corresponding grid spaces, so that an effective three-dimensional flexible force transmission is formed on the slope surface. Structure; the plant material stacked in each space is subjected to gravity by the rib net and acts on the double-layer anchor cables on both sides, and then passed to the anchor piles on the top of the slope through the double-layer anchor cables, so that the upper grid space unit planting foundation. The pressure of the material on the planting base material of the lower unit is very small and will not be affected by the height of the slope, so the height of the planting base material on the slope surface is not limited by the height of the slope surface; it can better fix the planting material.

The anchor cable is preferably made of high-strength steel cable to better ensure the strength.

Among them, the rib mesh is composed of the rib B-6-1 and the positioning steel bars B-6-2 at both ends, which are arranged horizontally on the slope surface. Layer anchor cable B-5 is connected by anchor cable buckle B-5-1.

In this way, the installation, connection and fixation of the rib net can be facilitated, the fixing reliability between the rib net and the anchor cable can be better ensured, and the rib B-6-1 can be prevented from detaching from the anchor cable under the gravity of the plant material.

In this embodiment, the length of the rib net B-6 is about 2m and the width is about 23cm, and the vertical interval of the rib net B-6 on the slope surface is about 1.5m. In this way, it can be ensured that the weight of the plant material in the grid unit where each rib net is located is moderate, and the stability and reliability of the overall fixation can be ensured.

In this embodiment, in each group of anchor cables, the inner anchor cable is left a certain distance from the bottom of the slope.

This is because the innermost layer of the planting base material is the guest soil layer, so the structure can keep a certain distance between the reinforcing strip net and the bottom of the slope while ensuring the fixed effect of the strip mesh on the plant base material. The guest soil layer at the bottom of the vegetative base material accumulated at the bottom of the slope can be connected into one piece, so that the roots of the plant growth can better grasp the rock surface of the slope and grow into one piece after entering the guest soil layer. Furthermore, after the plants grow, the structural stability of the whole slope greening system can be better improved by relying on the root system of the plants. The distance is preferably 2 cm, which can make the above effect to be optimal.

A guide pier B-2 is also provided at the edge of the top of the slope corresponding to each group of anchor cables, and a guide limit hole B-2-1 is arranged in the guide pier along the front and rear directions, and the upper end of the anchor cable passes through the guide limit hole. Fasten back to the anchor pile.

In this way, the anchor cable is connected to the anchor pile after being guided and changed by the guide pier. The guide pier can arrange each group of anchor cables at different positions on the top of the slope according to the design, and can better bear the force and transmit the force, and can also decompose part of the anchor cable tension. offset, better improve the stability and reliability of the entire anchoring system. During the implementation, the guide piers are set at an interval of about 2m, which is the same as the distance between the adjacent two groups of anchor cables.

Among them, the guide pier is a reinforced concrete pier and is embedded in the bedrock at the top of the slope. The top and middle and lower parts of the guide pier are respectively embedded with steel pipes along the front and rear directions, and the inner hole of the steel pipe forms the guide limit hole B-2-1 of the guide pier.

In this way, the construction setting of the guide pier is facilitated. In implementation, it is preferable to use a steel pipe with an inner diameter of about 1.1 times the diameter of the designed anchor cable, so as to facilitate the passage of the anchor cable.

Among them, the anchor pile B-1 is a section steel concrete pile, and the pile body of the anchor pile is embedded in the stable rock formation at the top of the slope. The inclined anchor cable hole B-1-2, the anchor device B-1-1 is installed in the anchor cable hole B-1-2 and used to fix the anchor cable.

In this way, the structural strength of the anchor pile itself can be better guaranteed, the bearing effect on the anchor cable can be ensured, and the gravitational load of the base material on the slope surface transmitted by the anchor cable can be supported.

Among them, a row of positioning rods B-3 is also arranged at vertical intervals on the slope surface corresponding to each group of anchor cables, the lower end of the positioning rod is fixed to the slope surface, and the top and middle of the positioning rod are provided with positioning holes B-3 along the direction of the anchor cable. 3-1. The anchor cable is slidably passed through the positioning hole.

In this way, since the tensile force of the anchor cable is borne by the anchor pile, the positioning rod basically does not bear the gravity of the planted base material, and the function of the positioning rod is mainly to keep the anchor cable arranged according to the required position and spacing. Therefore, the lower end of the positioning rod only needs to be fixed to the slope surface very shallowly, and there is no need to drill deep anchor holes on the slope surface to damage the slope surface structure. This not only facilitates construction, but also better improves the overall stability of the system.

When implementing, the better choice of size parameters is that the distance between each row of positioning rods is about 2-3m, the length of the positioning rods outside the slope rock wall is about 30cm, and the positioning holes in the middle and lower parts of the positioning rods are set about 2cm away from the slope surface, and the inner diameter of the positioning holes is set. It is about 1.1 times the diameter of the designed anchor cable. can make it the best positioning effect.

Among them, an anchor rod B-4 is also set at the bottom of the slope under each group of anchor cables. The lower end of the anchor rod is anchored in the rock formation at the bottom of the slope, and the bottom of the anchor cable is fixedly connected to the anchor rod through the anchor cable buckle, so that The anchor cable is in a prestressed state that exerts pressure on the positioning rod into the slope body.

In this way, the setting of the anchor rod makes the upper and lower ends of the anchor cable are tensioned and in a prestressed state where pressure is applied inwardly, so that the positioning rod is pressed inwardly, and it is more difficult to fall off, which can better improve the stability of the entire anchoring system. Stability and reliability.

In this way, after the above-mentioned anchoring system is installed, each group of vertical anchor cables B-5 and horizontal rib nets B-6 form an effective three-dimensional flexible force transmission structure on the high and steep rock slope. When laying the planted base material, the gravity of all planted base materials will be transmitted to the vertical double-layer anchor cable B-5 through the rib net B-6, and then to the anchor pile at the top of the slope through the double-layer anchor cable B-5 B-1, thus constituting a top-anchored planting substrate fixing system (ie, anchoring system). Because the top-anchor planting base material fixing system divides the planting base material on the slope into many units of 2m×1.5m, each unit is independent of each other, and the gravity of each unit is balanced by the tension of the anchor cable to the anchor pile on the top of the slope. , so that the pressure of the upper unit planting base material on the lower unit planting base material is very small and will not be affected by the slope height, so the height of the planting base material on the slope surface is not limited by the height of the slope surface, and the thickness of the planting base material can be adjusted along the slope. The entire slope height remains unchanged; at the same time, the damage of a single unit only has a slight impact on its adjacent lower unit, so that the overall collapse disaster of the planted substrate will not occur; For the surface-stressed anchor rod, the positioning rod of the top-anchor planting base material fixing system on the slope surface is not affected by the downward gravity of the planting base material, so the distance between the fixing points is large, and the embedded depth requirement is low, which can be greatly reduced. High and steep rock slopes have high-risk workloads, and the construction difficulty and safety are effectively improved; in addition, the double-layer anchor cable B-5 will exert a vertical slope inward force through the positioning rod, so that not only does it not affect the rock slope On the contrary, it will effectively improve the stability of the slope.

In this embodiment, referring to FIGS. 12 to 15 , the vegetation substrate C includes a water-holding soil layer C-1 laid on the bottom surface of the side slope, and a vegetation layer C-3 arranged above the water-holding soil layer. The layer contains plant seeds, a water-retaining layer C-4 is also arranged above the vegetative layer, and at least one layer of breccia material is arranged in the water-retaining layer.

In this way, the set water-holding soil layer C-1 is connected to the rocky slope, and has good water absorption and strong water-holding capacity. On the slope, it provides long-term stable water for the growth of vegetation on the rocky slope. After the plant seeds in the vegetative layer germinate, the roots roll into the water-holding soil layer to absorb water and nutrient growth. At the same time, a water-retaining layer mainly formed of breccia material is set up, which can take advantage of the weak capillary water action of breccia material to better avoid water evaporation and achieve water conservation and maintenance. It is more conducive to the growth and restoration of slope vegetation. During implementation, the thickness of the water-holding soil layer is preferably about 10 cm, which can better ensure the above effects.

In this embodiment, the water-holding soil layer is prepared by spraying with a three-dimensional mesh. It has the characteristics of simple, convenient and quick construction, and is more suitable for areas where construction water is relatively abundant.

As another option that can be implemented, the water-holding soil layer is obtained by piling soil bags. It has the characteristics of low cost and is more suitable for areas where construction water is relatively scarce.

In this embodiment, a layer of water-conducting layer C-2 with strong capillary action is further arranged between the water-holding soil layer C-1 and the vegetation layer C-3.

In this way, the water-conducting layer can evenly distribute the water for watering to the water-holding soil layer on the entire slope, so as to better ensure the watering effect. At the same time, the setting of the water-conducting layer can effectively increase the distance between the upper and lower adjacent pipes of the horizontal branch pipe for irrigation, reduce the amount of the branch pipe, and reduce the engineering cost.

Among them, the water-conducting layer is obtained by laying geotextiles. It has the advantages of low cost, easy implementation and good water guiding effect.

Wherein, a branch pipe for watering is wrapped in the geotextile. In this way, the water irrigated by the tributary pipe directly passes through the water-conducting layer of the geotextile blanket to achieve uniform water distribution on the slope surface and better improve the uniformity of watering. At the same time, it is beneficial to protect the branch pipe and prolong its service life.

In practice, the thickness of the geotextile is preferably about 1 cm. If it is too thin, the water distribution and water conduction effect will not be good, and if it is too thick, it will easily affect the range of water conduction and the growth of plant roots.

During implementation, the vegetative layer may be formed by mixing vegetative materials with plant seeds and then stirring and pressing, and the thickness is preferably about 8 cm. Wherein, the plant material can be a mixture of crushed straw, organic fertilizer, plant growth regulator and soil, which can be specific to the existing formulation technology, which will not be described in detail here.

In this embodiment, the water retention layer C-4 is composed of two layers of straw blankets C-4-1 and a breccia material layer C-4-2 sandwiched between the two layers of straw blankets.

In this way, the straw blanket on the inner layer can be used as a transition buffer between the breccia material and the vegetation layer, which is conducive to the growth of plants and breaking the water-retaining layer. Insects, birds and other creatures from the outside stay or live in, and then bring in some native plant seeds to grow, which is conducive to ecological restoration. At the same time, the straw blanket can be used as a nutrient source for plants after a period of decay, so it is more conducive to the plant growth and ecological restoration of the slope as a whole.

In this embodiment, the breccia material layer is composed of a breccia-three-dimensional polymer fiber web, and the breccia-three-dimensional polymer fiber web is specifically obtained by filling the three-dimensional polymer fiber web with breccia with a particle size of 0.5-2 cm. .

In this way, construction is more convenient. During implementation, the thickness of the two-layer straw blanket is preferably about 2cm, the thickness of the breccia material layer formed by the middle breccia-three-dimensional polymer fiber net is preferably about 4cm, and the fiber net aperture is preferably 1-2.5cm, which can be better. to ensure the above effect.

In this embodiment, the vegetation layer C-3 is obtained by laying the prefabricated vegetation layer blocks C-3', and the water retaining layer C-4 is obtained by laying the prefabricated water retaining layer blocks C-4'.

In this way, the planting layer and the water-retaining layer are all standardized in the factory to form a block structure, which can be simply stacked and fixed during construction, which greatly improves the construction efficiency. The block structure is preferably a rectangular block with length×width=74cm×49cm.

In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, a net-type pin C-5 is also provided. The net-type pin is composed of a pin C-5-2 and a pulling net C-5-1 connecting the pins from the tail of the pin. The dowels pass through the vegetation layer blocks and the water-conducting layer from the outside of the water-retaining layer blocks, and are inserted and fixed into the water-retaining soil layer.

In this way, it is more favorable for efficient and rapid construction to obtain a plant substrate structure with a stable and reliable structure.

In specific implementation, the mesh pin C-5 is preferably made of high corrosion-resistant polymer material. During construction, the water retaining layer block C-4′ and the vegetation layer block C-3′ can be fixed together by mesh pins C-5 in advance to form a slope repair construction prefabricated part obtained by combining the vegetation layer and the water retaining layer (see Figure 15). The length of the pin is preferably about 25cm, which is 9cm longer than the combined thickness of the vegetation layer C-3 and the water-retaining layer C-4. 2 It is fixed on the water-retaining soil layer C-1, so as to realize the fixation of the vegetation layer C-3 and the water-retaining layer C-4 on the slope surface and form a multi-layer water-retaining value raw material with strong water retention. It has the characteristics of very convenient, fast and efficient construction.

Therefore, the proposed solution has the following outstanding beneficial effects: (1) The top-anchored planting base material fixing structure can realize that the laying height of the planting base material on high and steep rock slopes is not limited by the slope and height of the slope, and the laying thickness can be along the The entire slope height remains unchanged; ② the top-anchored planting base material fixing structure can effectively support the slope of high and steep rock slopes and improve the stability of the slope surface; ③ the top-anchoring planting base material fixing structure can unite The plant base material is fixed chemically, and the overall collapse disaster of the plant base material will not occur, and there are few positioning poles on the slope surface, which effectively reduces the amount of engineering and engineering cost; ④ The rainwater harvesting irrigation system can realize the collection and irrigation of the rainfall at the top of the slope. Automatic control of water volume, effective use of natural rainfall, and effective reduction of late-stage cultivation costs; Standardized production and construction, modular assembly, simple process, fast construction, safe and economical.

Claims (5)

1. An automatic water supply irrigation method for controlling slope green plants is characterized in that stored irrigation water is injected into a rotatably arranged water control tank at a stable flow rate, so that when the water stored in the water control tank exceeds a set water amount, the center of gravity of the water control tank shifts and turns over to be poured, and the water stored in the water control tank is poured into an irrigation pipe network to realize single water supply; after the water control tank stores water and pours the water into the irrigation pipe network, the gravity center position of the empty water control tank is recovered and turned over for resetting, and water injection is continued for the next time and is circulated, so that the intermittent continuous water supply irrigation of the irrigation pipe network is realized;

the method is realized by adopting the following slope greening ecological restoration system with an automatic irrigation function, wherein the slope greening ecological restoration system comprises a rainwater collection and storage unit arranged at the top of a slope, a plant growth base material laid and fixed on the slope, an anchoring system used for fixing the plant growth base material and an irrigation pipe network embedded in the plant growth base material, and the water inlet end of the irrigation pipe network is connected with the rainwater collection and storage unit; the automatic irrigation control device is used for controlling the water storage chamber to supply water to the irrigation pipe network at regular time and quantity;

an automatic irrigation control device comprises a water control chamber positioned below a water storage chamber, wherein a vertically arranged water control tank support is arranged in the water control chamber, a water control tank is hinged to the upper end of the water control tank support, the specific gravity of the bottom of the water control tank is larger than that of the rest part, a hinge joint is positioned at the middle part and close to the back part, so that the gravity center is positioned at the back part of the hinge joint when the water control tank is empty, the gravity center can exceed the hinge joint forwards after water is contained to a certain proportion, a tank opening is upward and is opposite to a water outlet of the water storage chamber when the water control tank is empty, and the tank opening is opposite to a main flow pipe inlet of an irrigation pipe network when the tank opening is tipped downwards;

a water pipe is arranged in the water storage chamber, and the lower end of the water pipe hermetically penetrates out of the water storage chamber downwards and extends to the upper part of the water control tank opening;

the water service pipe is a hose and the length of the water service pipe exceeds the height of the inner cavity of the water storage chamber, the upper end of the water service pipe is connected with a flow control floating ball floating on the water surface, the part of the flow control floating ball immersed under the water surface is transversely provided with a flow limiting hole in a penetrating manner, the flow control floating ball is also vertically provided with an air vent in a penetrating manner, and the air vent is communicated with the flow limiting hole in a crossing manner; the lower end of the vent hole is communicated with the upper end of the water pipe in a sealing way; the diameter of the vent hole is more than 4 times of that of the flow limiting hole;

the lower part of the flow control floating ball is a solid floating ball entity, the upper part of the flow control floating ball is a hollow floating ball cavity, the limiting hole is positioned on the floating ball entity, and the vent hole and the floating ball cavity are isolated and sealed mutually; the upper end of the flow control floating ball is also provided with a counterweight material inlet communicated with the floating ball cavity.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water tank opening is inclined and faces upward when the water tank is empty.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water control tank comprises an external adjusting frame and a tank body installed in the adjusting frame, the adjusting frame is integrally in the shape of a trough and is hinged to the upper end of the water control tank support, adjusting fixing screws horizontally penetrate through two sides of the adjusting frame, the adjusting fixing screws are rotatably screwed on the adjusting frame, the inner end of the adjusting fixing screw is abutted against the tank body to fix the tank body, and a balancing weight is inserted into the bottom of the groove of the adjusting frame.

4. The method for controlling the automatic water supply and irrigation of the green plants on the side slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rainwater collection and storage unit comprises a water collection tank which is arranged at the top of the slope and is adjacent to the side slope, a filtering structure is arranged in the water collection tank, a water storage chamber is arranged at the edge of the water collection tank in a connection mode, water in the water collection tank can be immersed into the water storage chamber, and the water storage chamber is connected with the water inlet end of the irrigation pipe network;

the bottom of the water collecting tank is in a triangle shape with the middle part protruding upwards and the two sides inclining downwards, and the two water storage chambers are respectively connected and arranged at the two sides of the water collecting tank;

the filtering structure comprises a pebble layer, a gravel layer, a coarse sand layer, a medium sand layer and a fine sand layer which are sequentially paved from top to bottom, and the granularity of materials of each layer is sequentially reduced from top to bottom;

permeable bricks are arranged between the water storage chamber and the fine sand layer at the bottom of the water collecting tank at intervals.

5. The method for controlling the automatic water supply and irrigation of the green plants on the side slope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the irrigation pipe network comprises a dry flow pipe which is arranged downwards along the slope surface of the side slope, a water inlet at the upper end of the dry flow pipe is connected with the automatic irrigation device, branch pipes are arranged on the dry flow pipe in a communication mode at intervals, the branch pipes are horizontally arranged along the side slope and are embedded in the plant-growing base material, and seepage holes are arranged on the branch pipes at intervals;

a plurality of intercepting water outlets are arranged in the dry flow pipe at intervals from top to bottom; the intercepting type water outlet comprises a water outlet joint communicated with the main flow pipe, the lower side edge of the joint of the water outlet joint and the main flow pipe extends obliquely upwards to the inner cavity of the main flow pipe to form a sheet-shaped water receiving bulge, and the edge of the water receiving bulge and the inner cavity of the main flow pipe are encircled to form an intercepting groove; the outer end of the water outlet joint is fixedly connected with the branch pipe.

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