CN115595554A - Preparation method of milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN115595554A CN115595554A CN202210095611.3A CN202210095611A CN115595554A CN 115595554 A CN115595554 A CN 115595554A CN 202210095611 A CN202210095611 A CN 202210095611A CN 115595554 A CN115595554 A CN 115595554A
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- milling cutter
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- tungsten steel
- aluminum alloy
- surface roughness
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004050 hot filament vapor deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002113 nanodiamond Substances 0.000 description 4
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
- C23C16/27—Diamond only
- C23C16/271—Diamond only using hot filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C16/0227—Pretreatment of the material to be coated by cleaning or etching
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a milling cutter (IPC (International patent Classification): B23P 15/34), in particular to a preparation method of a milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy. The invention provides a preparation method for an aluminum alloy cutting milling cutter, which comprises the following steps: (1) Selecting a hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter with the Co content of 8.5-9.5% by mass; (2) Cleaning, alkali washing and acid washing are carried out on the surface of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter; (3) Polishing and cleaning the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter in the step (2); (4) Depositing a first coating on the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter obtained in the step (3); (5) And (4) depositing a second coating on the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter obtained in the step (4). The composite diamond film with the double-layer coating can effectively reduce the roughness and the friction coefficient of the surface of the coating, so that the aluminum alloy is not stuck when the aluminum alloy is cut, and simultaneously, the hardness, the toughness and the wear-resistant strength of the milling cutter are improved, thereby prolonging the service life of the milling cutter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a milling cutter (IPC (International patent Classification): B23P 15/34), in particular to a preparation method of a milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy.
Background
At present, aluminum alloy is a material which is applied more in modern industry, and is widely applied in various industries such as mechanical manufacturing and design, die press processing and manufacturing and the like. With the progress of human civilization and the rapid development of science and technology and new technology, more and more aluminum alloy materials are needed. The high-silicon aluminum alloy with the silicon mass fraction of 12% is easy to cause cutter damage during processing, the service life of the cutter is shortened, in addition, the blade part of the cutter is easy to cause the phenomenon of cutter adhesion during cutting the aluminum alloy, and the surface roughness of a processed workpiece is influenced.
Patent application CN200610024508.0 discloses a chemical vapor deposition method for preparing diamond film on a cutter with complex shape, the cutter with complex shape of diamond film prepared by the patent ensures the uniformity of diamond film, and simultaneously has high nucleation speed, fast tensile rate, uniform and better quality of diamond film after immersion, but the pretreatment technical process in the patent is complex, wherein the microwave oxidation and decarburization reduction treatment process conditions are harsh, the time consumption is longer, the cost of the related equipment is higher, and the maintenance is difficult.
The composite diamond film with the double-layer coating can effectively reduce the roughness and the friction coefficient of the surface of the coating, so that the aluminum alloy is not stuck when the aluminum alloy is cut, and simultaneously, the hardness, the toughness and the wear-resistant strength of the milling cutter are improved, thereby prolonging the service life of the milling cutter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method for an aluminum alloy cutting milling cutter, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter with the Co mass percent of 8.5-9.5%;
(2) Cleaning, alkali washing and acid washing the surface of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter;
(3) Polishing and cleaning the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter in the step (2);
(4) Depositing a first coating on the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter obtained in the step (3);
(5) And (4) depositing a second coating on the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter obtained in the step (4).
As a preferable mode, the cemented carbide tungsten steel milling cutter mainly comprises tungsten carbide (WC) and cobalt (Co).
As a preferable scheme, the mass percentage of the cobalt is 9%;
the applicant finds that the mass percentage of Co of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is 8.5-9.5% in the experimental process, so that the toughness, the bending resistance and the compression resistance of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter are effectively improved, and the adhesive force between a diamond coating and the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is also improved. And when the mass percent of Co is more than 9.5%, the adhesive force between the diamond coating and the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is poor, and when the mass percent of Co is less than 8.5%, the toughness and the bending and compression strength of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter are poor. The reason for this is probably that the solid solubility of Co element to carbon is higher, thus affecting the cohesiveness of diamond coating and hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter, and Co element catalyzes the conversion of diamond into non-diamond carbon in the process of forming diamond film, thus reducing the adhesive force of coating.
Preferably, the density of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is 14.4g/cm 3 The hardness of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is 93.9HRa, and the transverse rupture strength of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is 3807.3N/mm 2 The compressive strength of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is 1145kpsi;
as a preferable scheme, the grade of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is AL3SE;
as a preferable scheme, the specific implementation manner of the cleaning in the step (2) is as follows: and (3) putting the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter into acetone, ultrapure water and alcohol, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 5min respectively.
As a preferable scheme, the solution component of the alkaline washing in the step (2) is KOH, K 3 (Fe(CN) 6 )，H 2 O。
As a preferable scheme, the KOH, K 3 (Fe(CN) 6 )，H 2 The weight ratio of O is 1:1: (8-10).
As a preferred scheme, the KOH, K 3 (Fe(CN) 6 )，H 2 The weight ratio of O is 1:1:9.
as a preferable scheme, the time of the alkali washing in the step (2) is 1-2 min.
As a preferable scheme, the solution component of the acid washing in the step (2) is H 2 SO 4 And H 2 O 2 。
As a preferred embodiment, said H 2 SO 4 ，H 2 O 2 In order to expose the Co, in a weight ratio of 1.
As a preferable scheme, the time of the acid washing in the step (2) is 5 to 7min.
Preferably, the surface roughness parameter Ra after polishing in step (3) is 0.1a to 0.3a.
In the present invention, the cleaning includes degreasing, in order to remove oil stain, grease, fingerprint sweat and other nitriding impurities deposited on the surface to ensure the bonding strength of the base film.
As a preferable scheme, the first coating in the step (4) is a micro-diamond film coating.
Preferably, the thickness of the first coating layer is 1 to 2 μm.
As a preferable scheme, the first coating in the step (4) is realized by a hot wire chemical vapor deposition method.
As a preferred embodiment, the operating parameters in the hot wire chemical vapor deposition method of the first coating are: the air pressure is 0.8 x 10 4 ～1×10 4 Pa; the temperature of the filament is 1800-2000 ℃; the temperature of the substrate is 700-800 ℃; CH (CH) 4 /H 2 The flow rate of the gas is 3/300-5/300 sccm; the deposition time is 8-13 h.
As a preferable scheme, the second coating in the step (5) is a nano diamond film coating;
preferably, the thickness of the second coating layer is 2 to 4 μm.
As a preferable scheme, the second coating layer in the step (5) is realized by a hot wire chemical vapor deposition method.
As a preferred scheme, the operating parameters in the hot wire chemical vapor deposition method of the second coating layer are as follows: air pressure of 0.2X 10 4 ～0.5×10 4 Pa; the filament temperature is 2000-2200 ℃; the temperature of the substrate is 750-850 ℃; CH (CH) 4 /H 2 The flow rate of the catalyst is 15/300-20/300 sccm; the deposition time is 3-7 h.
Preferably, a chip separation groove is formed around the cutting edge of the milling cutter.
Preferably, the design mode of the cutting edge is three-edge asymmetric design and three-edge unequal helix angle design.
Preferably, the helix angles of the milling cutter are 35 °,30 °,25 ° respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter with the Co content of 8.5-9.5% is adopted, so that the toughness, the bending resistance and the compression resistance of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter are effectively improved, and the adhesive force between a diamond coating and the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is also improved.
2. The hardness of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter adopted by the invention is 93.9HRa, and the transverse rupture strength is 3807.3N/mm 2 The hardness of the diamond coating is not greatly different from that of the diamond in the invention, so that the excellent properties of high hardness and high toughness of the diamond coating can be better embodied.
3. The invention forms CH in the first coating layer by limiting 4 /H 2 The flow rate of (2) is 3/300 to 5/300sccm and the thickness of the first coating is 1 to 2 μm and CH in the second coating is formed 4 /H 2 The flow rate is 15/300-20/300 sccm, the thickness of the second coating is 2-4 mu m, the service life of the milling cutter is prolonged, the tool changing times of the milling cutter in the process of processing the aluminum alloy are reduced, the processing efficiency is increased, the surface roughness of the processed aluminum alloy workpiece is kept between 1.0 mu m and 1.6 mu m, and the effect of inhibiting tool sticking is very obvious.
4. In the invention, the three-blade unequal design is adopted, so that the cutting vibration efficiency of each cutting blade is different, the resonance of each cutting blade in the cutting process can be further reduced, the precision of each cutting process is ensured, the processing can be carried out at a better cutting speed, and the processing efficiency is improved.
5. The composite diamond film with double layers of coatings can effectively reduce the roughness and the friction coefficient of the surface of the coating, and the nano diamond with low roughness on the outer layer is easy to polish the surface, so that the smoothness of the coating can be obviously improved, the production quality of products is ensured, and the composite diamond film with double layers of coatings is also greatly helpful for improving the bending strength and the mechanical impact resistance of the coating.
Detailed Description
Examples
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method for a milling cutter for cutting aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter with 9 mass percent of Co;
(2) Cleaning, alkali washing and acid washing are carried out on the surface of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter;
(3) Polishing and cleaning the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter in the step (2);
(4) Depositing a first coating on the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter obtained in the step (3);
(5) And (4) depositing a second coating on the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter obtained in the step (4).
The hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter comprises, by mass, 9% of cobalt, 91% of tungsten carbide and other carbides. The hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is purchased from Zhejiang Bingsheng technology ltd, and has a trade mark of AL3SE;
the specific implementation manner of the cleaning in the step (2) is as follows: and (3) putting the hard alloy steel into acetone, ultrapure water and alcohol, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 5min respectively.
The alkaline washing solution in the step (2) comprises KOH and K 3 (Fe(CN) 6 )，H 2 And (O). The KOH, K 3 (Fe(CN) 6 )， H 2 The weight ratio of O is 1:1:9. the time of the alkali washing in the step (1) is 1.5min.
The component of the solution for acid washing in the step (2) is H 2 SO 4 And H 2 O 2 (ii) a Said H 2 SO 4 ，H 2 O 2 The weight ratio of (1) to (10) is 1, and the pickling time in the step (1) is 6min. Said H 2 SO 4 The mass fraction of (b) is 98.3%. Said H 2 O 2 Is 30% by mass.
And (4) the surface roughness parameter Ra of the polished wafer in the step (3) is 0.2a.
The first coating in the step (4) is a micron diamond film coating; the thickness of the first coating layer was 1.5 μm.
The first coating in the step (4) is realized by a hot wire chemical vapor deposition method. Operating parameters in hot wire chemical vapor deposition of the first coating: the air pressure is 0.9 x 10 4 Pa; the filament temperature is 1900 ℃; the temperature of the substrate is 750 ℃; CH (CH) 4 /H 2 The flow rate of (2) is 4/300sccm; the deposition time was 10h.
The second coating in the step (5) is a nano-diamond film coating; the thickness of the second coating layer was 3 μm.
The second coating in the step (5) is realized by a hot wire chemical vapor deposition method. Operating parameters in hot wire chemical vapor deposition of the second coating: air pressure of 0.3X 10 4 Pa; the filament temperature is 2100 ℃; the temperature of the substrate is 850 ℃; CH (CH) 4 /H 2 The flow rate of (2) is 18/300sccm; the deposition time was 5h.
And chip separation grooves 2 are formed around the cutting edge 1 of the milling cutter. The design mode of the cutting edge is three-edge asymmetry and three-edge unequal helix angle design. The spiral angles of the milling cutters are respectively 35 degrees, 30 degrees and 25 degrees.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method for cutting a milling cutter for cutting aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter with 9 mass percent of Co;
(2) Cleaning, alkali washing and acid washing are carried out on the surface of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter;
(3) Polishing and cleaning the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter in the step (2);
(4) Depositing a first coating on the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter obtained in the step (3);
(5) And (4) depositing a second coating on the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter obtained in the step (4).
The hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter comprises, by mass, 9% of cobalt, tungsten carbide and other carbonAnd (5) 91 percent. The density of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is 14.4g/cm 3 The hardness of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is 93.9HRa, and the transverse rupture strength of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is 3807.3N/mm 2 The compressive strength of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is 1145kpsi; the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter is purchased from Zhejiang Bingsheng technology ltd, and has a trade mark of AL3SE;
the specific implementation mode of the cleaning in the step (2) is as follows: and (3) putting the hard alloy steel milling cutter into acetone, ultrapure water and alcohol, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 5min respectively.
The alkaline washing solution in the step (2) comprises KOH and K 3 (Fe(CN) 6 )，H 2 And O. The KOH, K 3 (Fe(CN) 6 )， H 2 The weight ratio of O is 1:1:9. the time of the alkaline washing in the step (1) is 1.5min.
The component of the solution for acid washing in the step (2) is H 2 SO 4 And H 2 O 2 (ii) a Said H 2 SO 4 ，H 2 O 2 The weight ratio of (1) to (10) is 1, and the pickling time in the step (1) is 6min. Said H 2 SO 4 The mass fraction of (a) is 98.3%. Said H 2 O 2 Is 30 percent.
And (4) the surface roughness parameter Ra of the polished product obtained in the step (3) is 0.2a.
The first coating in the step (4) is a micro-diamond film coating; the thickness of the first coating layer is 2 μm.
The first coating in the step (4) is realized by a hot wire chemical vapor deposition method. Operating parameters in hot wire chemical vapor deposition of the first coating: the air pressure is 0.9 x 10 4 Pa; the filament temperature is 1900 ℃; the substrate temperature is 750 ℃; CH (CH) 4 /H 2 The flow rate of (2) is 4/300sccm; the deposition time was 10h.
The second coating in the step (5) is a nano-diamond film coating; the thickness of the second coating layer was 4 μm.
The second coating in the step (5) is realized by a hot wire chemical vapor deposition method. Operating parameter in hot wire chemical vapor deposition of the second coatingNumber: the air pressure is 0.3X 10 4 Pa; the filament temperature is 2100 ℃; the substrate temperature is 850 ℃; CH (CH) 4 /H 2 The flow rate of (2) is 15/300sccm; the deposition time was 5h.
The periphery of the cutting edge 1 of the milling cutter is provided with chip separation grooves 2. The design mode of the cutting edge is three-edge asymmetry and three-edge unequal helix angle design. The spiral angles of the milling cutters are respectively 35 degrees, 30 degrees and 25 degrees.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 the embodiment is the same as example 1, except that the manufacturing method for a milling cutter for cutting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter with 9 mass percent of Co;
(2) Cleaning, alkali washing and acid washing are carried out on the surface of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter;
(3) Polishing and cleaning the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter in the step (2);
(4) Depositing a first coating on the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter obtained in the step (3);
the second coating layer was not provided in this comparative example.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 the specific embodiment is the same as example 1, except that the operating parameters in the chemical vapour deposition process of the first coating are: air pressure of 0.9X 10 4 Pa; the filament temperature is 1900 ℃; the substrate temperature is 750 ℃; CH (CH) 4 /H 2 The flow rate of (2/300 sccm); the deposition time is 10h;
the operating parameters in the chemical vapor deposition method of the second coating are as follows: the air pressure is 0.3X 10 4 Pa; the filament temperature is 2100 ℃; the temperature of the substrate is 850 ℃; CH (CH) 4 /H 2 The flow rate of (2) is 10/300sccm; the deposition time was 5h.
And (4) performance testing:
1. and (3) indentation test: an LCR500 Rockwell hardness tester, manufactured by LeCO, inc., was used, with a 60Kgf load selected, using a conical diamond indenter.
2. Coefficient of friction: an RTEC-MFT5000 friction abrasion tester is used, and the auxiliary materials are respectively alumina balls with the diameter of 6 mm. In the experiment, the hard alloy ball is subjected to a force with a normal load of 2N to reciprocate along the surface of the diamond gradient film, the reciprocating stroke is 10mm, the reciprocating frequency is 3Hz, and the experiment time is 20min. The rubbing experiments were performed under dry rubbing conditions.
And (3) performance test results:
table 1 shows the results of performance tests of the milling cutters prepared in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 2 with respect to the indentation test and the frictional wear test.
TABLE 1
| Indentation test | Coefficient of friction | |
| Example 1 | No peeling off of the coating | 0.15 |
| Example 2 | No peeling-off phenomenon of the coating | 0.17 |
| Comparative example 1 | Slight peeling of the coating | 0.4 |
| Comparative example 2 | Slight peeling of the coating | 0.25 |
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Selecting a hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter with the Co content of 8.5-9.5% by mass;
(2) Cleaning, alkali washing and acid washing the surface of the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter;
(3) Polishing and cleaning the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter in the step (2);
(4) Depositing a first coating on the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter obtained in the step (3);
(5) And (5) depositing a second coating on the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter obtained in the step (4).
2. The manufacturing method of the milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of Co of the cemented tungsten steel milling cutter is 9%.
3. The method for preparing the milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) of cleaning is realized by: and (3) putting the hard alloy tungsten steel milling cutter into acetone, ultrapure water and alcohol, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 5min respectively.
4. The method for preparing a milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alkaline solution of step (2) comprises KOH, K 3 (Fe(CN) 6 )，H 2 O。
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the KOH, K is a low surface roughness milling cutter used for cutting aluminum alloys 3 (Fe(CN) 6 )，H 2 The weight ratio of O is 1:1: (8 to 1)0)。
6. The manufacturing method of the milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the time of the alkali washing in the step (2) is 1-2 min.
7. The manufacturing method of the milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the first coating in the step (4) is a micro-diamond film coating.
8. The method of manufacturing the milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first coating layer is 1 to 2 μm.
9. The manufacturing method of the milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy according to claim 7, wherein the first coating in the step (4) is performed by a hot wire chemical vapor deposition method; operating parameters in hot wire chemical vapor deposition of the first coating: the air pressure is 0.8 x 10 4 ～1×10 4 Pa; the temperature of the filament is 1800-2000 ℃; the temperature of the substrate is 700-800 ℃; CH (CH) 4 /H 2 The flow rate of the gas is 3/300-5/300 sccm; the deposition time is 8-13 h.
10. The manufacturing method of the milling cutter with low surface roughness for cutting aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the second coating layer in the step (5) is realized by a hot wire chemical vapor deposition method; operating parameters in hot wire chemical vapor deposition of the second coating: the air pressure is 0.2 x 10 4 ～0.5×10 4 Pa; the filament temperature is 2000-2200 ℃; the temperature of the substrate is 750-850 ℃; CH (CH) 4 /H 2 The flow rate of the catalyst is 15/300-20/300 sccm; the deposition time is 3-7 h.
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| CN1203638A (en) * | 1995-11-30 | 1998-12-30 | 桑德维克公司 | Coated milling insert and method of making it |
| CN107511517A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-26 | 华东理工大学 | A kind of graphite jig processing coating end mill(ing) cutter and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1203638A (en) * | 1995-11-30 | 1998-12-30 | 桑德维克公司 | Coated milling insert and method of making it |
| CN107511517A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-26 | 华东理工大学 | A kind of graphite jig processing coating end mill(ing) cutter and preparation method thereof |
| CN108060407A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-05-22 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of preparation method of micro-nano MULTILAYER COMPOSITE diamond thin |
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