CN115594541B - Equipment and method for producing organic fertilizer by using planting waste - Google Patents
Equipment and method for producing organic fertilizer by using planting waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN115594541B CN115594541B CN202210107407.9A CN202210107407A CN115594541B CN 115594541 B CN115594541 B CN 115594541B CN 202210107407 A CN202210107407 A CN 202210107407A CN 115594541 B CN115594541 B CN 115594541B
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for producing organic fertilizer by using planting waste, wherein the device comprises a first decomposition stomach, a second decomposition stomach, a third decomposition stomach and a control system; the first, second and third decomposed stomach comprises an inner wall and an outer wall, spiral heat-conducting pipes are arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the first, second and third decomposed stomach, and cover plates are fixed at the upper ends of the first, second and third decomposed stomach through bolts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural waste treatment, in particular to equipment and a method for producing organic fertilizer by using planting waste.
Background
Due to the rapid development of agricultural production and the continuous population, the agricultural waste increases at a rate of 5% -10% of the year. The agricultural waste production amount of China is estimated to be over 50 hundred million tons by 2020, and the straw amount is 9.5 hundred million tons to 11 hundred million tons. If the agricultural wastes are discarded or discharged into the environment at will, the agricultural wastes cannot be used as resources, serious air pollution, water pollution and solid waste pollution are caused, and great harm is brought to the physical health of people, so that the agricultural wastes are worth noting. Meanwhile, the agricultural waste has the advantages of huge quantity, renewable, short regeneration period, biodegradation, environmental friendliness and the like, and is an important biomass resource.
The method for converting the planting waste into the organic fertilizer through composting is a traditional method for recycling the planting waste. Composting generally refers to high-temperature aerobic composting, and by adjusting the grain size, carbon nitrogen ratio, water content and the like of the plant waste materials, the composting is carried out under the action of microorganisms under the optimal condition of composting, and thoroughly decomposed compost is produced through a series of fermentation processes.
The traditional method is to increase the material contact surface, crush the waste, consume a large amount of energy sources because of crushing, generally cut the material into about 5cm long, mix some decay accelerating agent for accelerating the decomposition, then pile up, spill water, cover, stir in one stage and cover. The period is shortened to three months through continuously improving the ingredients and the preparation method. The defects are that the decomposed compost particles are large, most of the compost particles are 3-5cm long, the decomposition is incomplete, the fertilizer efficiency is poor, the utilization rate is low, and the period is long.
For the problems in the related art, no effective solution has been proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides equipment and a method for producing organic fertilizer by using planting waste so as to overcome the technical problems in the prior related art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for producing organic fertilizer using planting waste.
The equipment for producing the organic fertilizer by using the planting waste comprises a first decomposition stomach, a second decomposition stomach, a third decomposition stomach and a control system;
The first, second and third rotten stomach comprises an inner wall and an outer wall, spiral heat-conducting pipes are arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the first, second and third rotten stomach, cover plates are fixed at the upper ends of the first, second and third rotten stomach through bolts, motors are fixed on the cover plates, rotating shafts of the motors penetrate through the cover plates, stirring shafts are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the rotating shafts of the motors, lifting spiral blades are fixed on the outer wall of the upper end of the stirring shaft, and stirring blades are fixed on the outer wall of the lower end of the stirring shaft;
A first circulating cavity is formed in one side of the first decomposed stomach, a first circulating guide plate is arranged on one side, close to the first circulating cavity, of the cover plate of the first decomposed stomach, a first liquid adding port and a first discharge port are formed in one side of the upper end of the first decomposed stomach, a first discharge guide plate matched with the first discharge port is arranged on the cover plate, and a first feed inlet is formed in the upper end of the first circulating cavity;
The device is characterized in that a circulation cavity II is arranged on one side of a decomposition stomach II, a feed inlet II is arranged on the circulation cavity II, a circulation guide plate II is arranged on one side of a decomposition stomach II, a decomposition liquid inlet I, a feed inlet II and a liquid feeding port II are arranged on one side of the decomposition stomach II, a circulation cavity III is arranged on one side of the decomposition stomach III, the upper end of the circulation cavity III is connected with the upper end of the decomposition stomach II through a connecting pipe, a discharge guide plate II is arranged on one side of the decomposition stomach II, a circulation guide plate III is arranged on one side of the decomposition stomach III, which is close to the circulation cavity III, a liquid feeding port III and an observation window are arranged on one side of the decomposition stomach III, a partition plate and a water filtering plate are fixed in the decomposition stomach III, the partition plate is flush with the bottom end of the circulation cavity III, a filter material net is fixedly embedded on one side of the partition plate away from the circulation cavity III, a filter material net is arranged on one side of the decomposition stomach III, a discharge guide plate II is arranged on one side of the decomposition stomach net, a decomposition filter material net is matched with the filter material net, and the decomposition stomach III is arranged on one side of the decomposition stomach III, and a discharge plate is arranged between the decomposition stomach III and the decomposition liquid is arranged on one side of the decomposition stomach III.
Further, the control system comprises an acid liquid tank, a power supply, a display, a controller, a water temperature controller and an alkali liquid tank, wherein the first liquid adding port is connected with the output end of the acid liquid tank through a first guide pipe, the second guide pipe is close to one end of the acid liquid tank, the third electromagnetic valve is installed at one end of the second guide pipe, which is close to the alkali liquid tank, the first electromagnetic valve is installed at one end of the third guide pipe, which is close to the other end of the acid liquid tank, the second electromagnetic valve is installed at one end of the third guide pipe, the spiral heat pipe is connected with the water temperature controller in series, the first circulating cavity, the second circulating cavity and the inner wall of one side of the third circulating cavity are both fixedly provided with a temperature probe and a pH value probe, the lower end of a gastric juice collecting tank is provided with a conveying pump, the output end of the conveying pump is connected with the first decomposition liquid input port through a guide pipe, the conveying pump, the first temperature probe, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the water temperature controller, the third electromagnetic valve and the water temperature controller are electrically connected with the power supply controller, the display and the display.
Furthermore, the first and second and third lower ends of the decomposed stomach are provided with cleaning openings, and the lower ends of the cleaning openings are fixed with sealing covers through bolts.
Furthermore, the lower ends of the first decomposition stomach, the second decomposition stomach and the third decomposition stomach are respectively fixed with a plurality of stilts, and the outer wall of the stirring shaft of the third decomposition stomach, which is positioned above the partition plate and the water filtering plate, is respectively fixed with a plurality of stirring blades.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for producing an organic fertilizer using planting waste is provided.
The method for producing the organic fertilizer by using the planting waste comprises the following steps:
firstly, primarily crushing the waste by using a crusher without a sieve sheet, and greatly damaging the structure of the waste;
step two, adding the crushed waste into the first decomposed stomach from the feed inlet, and simultaneously adding a corrosion promoter and a proper amount of acid liquor into the first decomposed stomach;
Thirdly, putting down a first discharge guide plate of the first decomposition stomach, so that waste in the first decomposition stomach cannot flow out of a discharge hole, and lifting a first circulation guide plate of the first decomposition stomach, so that the waste in the first decomposition stomach can circulate between the first decomposition stomach and the first circulation cavity;
fourthly, putting down a first circulating guide plate of the first decomposition stomach after 46-50 hours, lifting a first discharge guide plate of the first decomposition stomach, discharging materials in the first decomposition stomach from a first discharge port, and air-drying the materials after discharging to obtain a primary decomposition material after air-drying;
Fifthly, crushing the primary decomposed material by using a crusher with a sieve piece not more than 10mm to obtain a crushed primary decomposed material;
Step six, adding the crushed primary decomposed material into the decomposed stomach II from a feed inlet II, then putting down a discharge guide plate II of the decomposed stomach II, lifting a circulation guide plate II of the decomposed stomach II, so that the material in the decomposed stomach II is decomposed in an internal circulation manner, and simultaneously adding a decomposition catalyst and a proper amount of alkali liquor into the decomposed stomach II;
step seven, lifting a discharge guide plate II of the decomposed stomach II after 46-50 hours, and putting down a circulation guide plate II of the decomposed stomach II so that feed liquid in the decomposed stomach II enters a circulation cavity III of the decomposed stomach III, lifting a circulation guide plate III of the decomposed stomach III so that materials are circularly decomposed between the decomposed stomach III and the circulation cavity III, and adding acid liquor with the pH value of 2.5-5.7 into the decomposed stomach III to adjust the pH value of the liquid in the decomposed stomach III to 7.2-7.5;
Opening a filter material plugboard in the decomposition stomach III after 5-7 hours, allowing decomposition products with the particle size smaller than 1mm to enter a decomposition bin through a filter material net, allowing decomposition products with the particle size larger than 1mm to enter a circulating cavity of the decomposition stomach III through a lifting spiral blade, allowing separated decomposition liquid to infiltrate downwards into a decomposition liquid bin, allowing the decomposition liquid to enter a gastric juice collecting tank through a decomposition liquid outlet, allowing the decomposition liquid to enter a decomposition stomach II through a decomposition liquid inlet, and discharging the decomposition material from a discharge port II after the decomposition bin is dehydrated;
Step nine, putting earthworms into the decomposed material, generating wormcast by utilizing the life activities of the earthworms, mixing the wormcast with nutrient substances, and performing pelleting treatment to form the organic fertilizer.
Further, when the acid liquor is added into the decomposed stomach I, the acid liquor with the pH value of 2.5-5.7 is added according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1:30.
Further, the motor of the first decomposed stomach is operated at 120-140rpm, and the temperature in the first decomposed stomach is controlled at 36.5-39.5 ℃.
Further, when the alkali liquor is added into the second decomposed stomach, the alkali liquor with the pH value of 8.0-9.0 is added according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1:30.
Further, the motor for decomposing the second stomach is operated at 120-140rpm, and the temperature in the second stomach is controlled at 36.5-39.5 ℃.
Further, the motor for decomposing the stomach III is operated at 120-140rpm, and the temperature in the stomach III is controlled at 36.5-39.5 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the primary crushing and certain decomposition are adopted, and then the crushing is carried out to reach the fineness of 10mm, so that the energy is saved by more than 60% compared with the fineness of 10mm at one time, and the work efficiency is improved by more than 30%;
2. The water absorption and expansion rate of the waste are improved by adding the acid solution, and the decomposition efficiency is improved;
3. The temperature is controlled at 36.5-39.50 ℃, which is suitable for the growth, propagation and work of decomposing flora, is favorable for accelerating the decomposition of wastes, avoids the generation of high temperature caused by the traditional compost, kills part of harmful bacteria at the same time, and kills part of beneficial decomposing bacteria at the same time, thereby being not favorable for accelerating the decomposition speed and losing part of nutrition;
4. the alkaline solution is added to expand the materials which are not expanded by the acidic solution, so that the water absorbability and the expansion rate of the waste are further improved, and meanwhile, excessive acid is neutralized, so that the pH value of the decomposed materials is ensured to be moderate;
5. The method ensures that the decomposed matters can reach a certain fineness, meets the requirements of earthworm foods, and makes up the defect of overlarge grain size of the traditional compost;
6. The decomposed materials are converted into organic fertilizer through earthworms, and can be rapidly decomposed and converted into nutrients which are easy to be utilized by the earthworms and other organisms under the action of various enzymes such as white enzyme, lipolytic enzyme, amylase, cellulase and the like through the digestion cavity in the earthworms, so that harmful bacteria are reduced, the defect that high-temperature sterilization is not generated is overcome, and beneficial substances such as actinomycetes, fungi, plant growth hormone, enzymes and the like are added;
7. The method shortens the decomposition period greatly, can achieve thorough decomposition in a shorter time, has the possibility of further shortening, has high utilization rate on planting wastes, does not generate odor, does not pollute the air, and has obvious carbon fixing effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for producing organic fertilizer using planting waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a sectional view of an apparatus for producing organic fertilizer using planting waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a stirring shaft for decomposing stomach III in an apparatus for producing organic fertilizer by using planting waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing connection of a control system in an apparatus for producing organic fertilizer using planting waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method of producing organic fertilizer using planting waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. Decomposing stomach I; 2. decomposing stomach II; 3. decomposition of stomach three; 4. a spiral heat pipe; 5. a cover plate; 6. a motor; 7. a stirring shaft; 8. lifting the helical blade; 9. stirring blades; 10. a first circulation cavity; 11. a first circulating guide plate; 12. a pH value probe; 13. a first liquid adding port; 14. a first discharging hole; 15. a first discharging guide plate; 16. a first feeding port; 17. a decomposition liquid input port I; 18. a second feeding port; 19. a second liquid adding port; 20. a circulation cavity III; 21. a connecting pipe; 22. a second discharging guide plate; 23. a third circulating guide plate; 24. a third liquid adding port; 25. an observation window; 26. a partition plate; 27. a filter material web; 28. a water filtering plate; 29. a filter material plugboard; 30. a second discharging port; 31. a decomposition liquid discharge port; 32. an acid liquid tank; 33. a power supply; 34. a display; 35. a water temperature controller; 36. an alkali solution tank; 37. a third electromagnetic valve; 38. a first electromagnetic valve; 39. a second electromagnetic valve; 40. a temperature probe; 41. a controller; 42. cleaning the mouth; 43. sealing cover; 44. a leg; 45. a second circulating guide plate; 46. a second circulation cavity; 47. a gastric juice collection tank; 48. a transfer pump; 49. decomposition bin; 50. and a decomposition liquid bin.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
Examples:
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for producing an organic fertilizer using planting waste.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the apparatus for producing organic fertilizer by using planting waste comprises a first decomposition stomach 1, a second decomposition stomach 2, a third decomposition stomach 3 and a control system;
The first, second and third rotten stomach 1, 2 and 3 comprise inner and outer walls, spiral heat conduction pipes 4 are arranged between the inner and outer walls of the first, second and third rotten stomach 1, 2 and 3, cover plates 5 are fixed at the upper ends of the first, second and third rotten stomach 1, 2 and 3 through bolts, motors 6 are fixed on the cover plates 5, rotating shafts of the motors 6 penetrate through the cover plates 5, stirring shafts 7 are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the rotating shafts of the motors 6, lifting spiral blades 8 are fixed on the outer walls of the upper ends of the stirring shafts 7, and stirring blades 9 are fixed on the outer walls of the lower ends of the stirring shafts 7;
a circulation cavity I10 is arranged on one side of the decomposed stomach I1, a circulation guide plate I11 is arranged on the side, close to the circulation cavity I10, of a cover plate 5 of the decomposed stomach I1, a liquid adding port I13 and a discharge port I14 are arranged on one side of the upper end of the decomposed stomach I1, a discharge guide plate I15 matched with the discharge port I14 is arranged on the cover plate 5, and a feed port I16 is arranged on the upper end of the circulation cavity I10;
One side of the second decomposition stomach 2 is provided with a second circulation cavity 46, the second circulation cavity 46 is provided with a second feeding port 18, a second circulation guide plate 45 is arranged at one end of the second circulation cavity 46, which is close to a cover plate 5 of the second decomposition stomach 2, one side of the upper end of the second decomposition stomach 2 is provided with a first decomposition liquid input port 17 and a second liquid feeding port 19, one side of the third decomposition stomach 3 is provided with a third circulation cavity 20, the upper end of the third circulation cavity 20 is connected with the upper end of the second decomposition stomach 2 through a connecting pipe 21, the cover plate 5 of the second decomposition stomach 2 is close to one side of the connecting pipe 21 and is provided with a second discharging guide plate 22, the cover plate 5 of the third decomposition stomach 3 is close to one side of the third circulation cavity 20 and is provided with a third circulation guide plate 23, one side of the upper end of the third decomposition stomach 3 is provided with a third liquid feeding port 24 and an observation window 25, the inside of the third decomposition stomach 3 is fixed with a partition plate 26 and a second filtering material 28, the partition 26 is flush with the bottom end of the third circulation cavity 20, the partition plate 26 is far away from the third circulation cavity 20 and is provided with a third filtering material mesh 27, the third filtering material is arranged between the third filtering material and the third filtering material is arranged on one side of the third decomposition stomach 3 and the second filtering material is provided with a third filtering material 30, and the third filtering material is matched with the second filtering material 30.
In a further embodiment, the control system comprises a tank 32 for acid, a power supply 33, a display 34, a controller 41, a water temperature controller 35 and a tank 36 for lye,
The first liquid adding port 13 is connected with the output end of the acid liquid tank 32 through a first conduit, the third electromagnetic valve 37 is installed at one end of the first conduit, which is close to the acid liquid tank 32, the second liquid adding port 19 is connected with the output end of the alkali liquid tank 36 through a second conduit, the first electromagnetic valve 38 is installed at one end of the second conduit, which is close to the alkali liquid tank 36, the third liquid adding port 24 is connected with the output end of the acid liquid tank 32 through a third conduit, the second electromagnetic valve 39 is installed at one end of the third conduit, the spiral heat conducting pipe 4 is connected with the water temperature controller 35 in series, the first circulating cavity 10, the second circulating cavity 46 and one side inner wall of the third circulating cavity 20 are respectively fixed with the temperature probe 40 and the pH value probe 12, the gastric juice collecting tank 47 is arranged at the lower end of the decomposition liquid outlet 31, the gastric juice collecting tank 47 is connected with the conveying pump 48, the water temperature end of the conveying pump 48 is connected with the first decomposition liquid input port 17 through a third conduit, the conveying pump 48, the temperature probe 40, the first electromagnetic valve 39, the third electromagnetic valve 34, the electromagnetic valve controller 35 and the water temperature controller 35 are respectively connected with the water temperature controller 35 in series.
In a further embodiment, the first rotten stomach 1, the second rotten stomach 2 and the third rotten stomach 3 are provided with cleaning openings 42 at the lower ends, and sealing covers 43 are fixed at the lower ends of the cleaning openings 42 through bolts.
In a further embodiment, the lower ends of the first rotten stomach 1, the second rotten stomach 2 and the third rotten stomach 3 are respectively fixed with a plurality of studs 44, and the outer walls of the stirring shafts 7 of the third rotten stomach 3 above the partition plate 26 and the water filtering plate 28 are respectively fixed with a plurality of stirring blades 9.
According to an embodiment of the invention, there is also provided a method for producing an organic fertilizer using planting waste.
Referring to fig. 5, the method for producing the organic fertilizer by using the planting waste comprises the following steps:
S101, firstly, primarily crushing the waste by using a crusher without a sieve sheet, and greatly damaging the structure of the waste;
s103, adding crushed waste into the first decomposed stomach 1 from the first feeding port 16, and simultaneously adding a corrosion promoter and a proper amount of acid liquor into the first decomposed stomach 1;
S105, putting down a discharge guide plate I15 of the rotten stomach I1, so that waste in the rotten stomach I1 cannot flow out of a discharge hole I14, and lifting a circulation guide plate I11 of the rotten stomach I1, so that the waste in the rotten stomach I1 can circulate between the rotten stomach I1 and a circulation cavity I10;
S107, putting down a circulation guide plate I11 of the rotting stomach I1 after 46-50 hours, lifting a discharge guide plate I15 of the rotting stomach I1, discharging materials in the rotting stomach I1 from a discharge port I14, and air-drying the materials after discharging to obtain primary rotting materials after air-drying;
s109, crushing the primary decomposed material by using a crusher with a sieve piece not more than 10mm to obtain a crushed primary decomposed material;
s111, adding the crushed primary decomposed material into a decomposed stomach II 2 from a feed inlet II 18, then placing a discharge guide plate II 22 of the decomposed stomach II 2, lifting a circulation guide plate II 45 of the decomposed stomach II 2, so that the material in the decomposed stomach II 2 is decomposed in an internal circulation manner, and simultaneously adding a decomposition catalyst and a proper amount of alkali liquor into the decomposed stomach II 2;
S113, lifting a second discharge guide plate 22 of the second decomposition stomach 2 after 46-50 hours, and putting down a second circulation guide plate 45 of the second decomposition stomach 2 so that feed liquid in the second decomposition stomach 2 enters a third circulation cavity 20 of a third decomposition stomach 3, lifting a third circulation guide plate 23 of the third decomposition stomach 3 so that the material circulates and is decomposed between the third decomposition stomach 3 and the third circulation cavity 20, and adding acid liquid with the pH value of 2.5-5.7 into the third decomposition stomach 3 to adjust the pH value of the liquid in the third decomposition stomach 3 to 7.2-7.5;
S115, opening a filter material plugboard 29 in the decomposed stomach III 3 after 5-7 hours, allowing decomposed substances with the particle size smaller than 1mm to enter a decomposed feed bin 49 through a filter material net 27, allowing decomposed substances with the particle size larger than 1mm to enter a circulating cavity of the decomposed stomach III 3 through a lifting spiral blade 8, allowing separated decomposed liquid to infiltrate downwards into a decomposed liquid bin 50 through a decomposed liquid outlet 31, allowing the decomposed liquid to enter a gastric juice collecting tank through a decomposed liquid inlet I17, allowing the decomposed material to enter a decomposed stomach II 2, and discharging the decomposed material from a discharge port II 30 after the decomposed feed bin is dehydrated;
S117, putting earthworms into the decomposed material, generating wormcast by utilizing the life activities of the earthworms, mixing the wormcast with nutrient substances, and performing pelleting treatment to form the organic fertilizer.
In a further embodiment, when the acid solution is added to the rotten stomach 1, the acid solution with the pH value of 2.5-5.7 is added according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1:30.
In a further embodiment, the motor 6 of the first rotting stomach 1 is operated at 120-140rpm, and the temperature in the first rotting stomach 1 is controlled at 36.5-39.5 ℃.
In a further embodiment, when the alkali liquor is added into the second humic acid stomach 2, the alkali liquor with the pH value of 8.0-9.0 is added according to the ratio of 1:30.
In a further embodiment, the motor 6 of the second stomach decomposing 2 is operated at 120-140rpm, and the temperature in the second stomach decomposing 2 is controlled to be 36.5-39.5 ℃.
In a further embodiment, the motor 6 of the decomposition stomach three 3 is operated at 120-140rpm, and the temperature in the decomposition stomach three 3 is controlled at 36.5-39.5 ℃.
In order to facilitate understanding of the above technical solutions of the present invention, the following describes in detail the working principle or operation manner of the present invention in the actual process.
In practical application, the corrosion promoter is prepared by selecting chemicals such as ferrous chloride, potassium nitrate, magnesium phosphate and the like, bacterial manure, brown sugar, bran powder and urea which are suitable for the nutrition requirements of beneficial microorganisms according to the nutrition mechanism of the microorganisms, and preparing the chemical fertilizer, the bacterial manure, the brown sugar, the bran powder and the urea according to a certain proportion, in addition, a temperature probe 40 and a pH value probe 12 are arranged on the wall of a first decomposition stomach 1, a second decomposition stomach 2 and a third decomposition stomach 3 circulation cavity, a data line of the temperature probe is connected with a solenoid valve controller 41, a data line of a display 34 is connected with the controller 41, the temperature of a water temperature system, the temperature of the circulation cavity and the pH value are displayed, and the water temperature controller 35 can increase or decrease the water temperature according to the comparison of the actual water temperature and a set water temperature value; the controller 41 increases or decreases the set value of the water temperature controller 35 according to the comparison between the data collected by the temperature probe 40 and the pH value probe 12 of the circulating cavity and the set value; opening or closing an acid liquor and alkali liquor electromagnetic valve, and adding acid liquor and alkali liquor;
The stomach decomposing device comprises a stomach decomposing device 1, a guide plate clamping groove is arranged on one side of a discharge hole 14 and a circulating cavity feed hole 16, a circulating guide plate 11 and a discharge guide plate 15 are respectively composed of a guide plate, a guide plate rod and a hand ring, and limit clamping nails are arranged on the rods to ensure that the falling or lifting device can be fixed at accurate positions; lifting screw blade 8 can lift the bottom rotten material to the top through the rotatory power that (mixing) shaft 7 provided, stirring vane 9 is still installed to (mixing) shaft 7 bottom, and stirring vane 9 can stir the rotten material that the circulation chamber got off, and temperature probe 40, pH value probe 12 are installed to circulation chamber one 10 inner wall, and its data line is connected with controller 41, installs the heat pipe between rotten chamber, circulation chamber inner wall and the outer wall, controls the temperature in the rotten stomach one 1 through temperature controller 41.
The first decomposition stomach 1 is decomposed to finish the primary decomposition of the waste in the acid environment, the waste after primary crushing is filled into the first decomposition stomach 1 through a first feed inlet 16, and is discharged through a first discharge outlet 14 after the primary decomposition is carried out by adding acid liquor, a corrosion promoter and the like.
The second decomposition stomach 2 is intersected with the first decomposition stomach 1, a decomposition liquid input port is added, decomposition liquid enters the gastric juice collecting tank through the decomposition liquid discharge port 31, enters the second decomposition stomach 2 from the collecting tank through the decomposition liquid input port, then the second decomposition stomach 2 is connected with the third circulation cavity 20 of the third decomposition stomach 3 through the connecting pipe 21, the decomposition material discharged from the second decomposition stomach 2 directly enters the third circulation cavity of the third decomposition stomach 3 for circulation decomposition, and the second liquid adding port 19 of the second decomposition stomach 2 is connected with an alkali liquid electromagnetic valve.
The second stomach 2 is decomposed to provide an alkaline environment for the waste, and the decomposed materials which are not decomposed yet in the acidic environment of the first stomach 1 are further decomposed in the alkaline environment.
The decomposition stomach three 3 is provided with an observation window 25 on one side, a filter material inserting plate 29 clamping seat is arranged below a partition plate 26, the clamping seat is semicircular, a filter material net 27 is installed at a position corresponding to the partition plate 26, the filter material inserting plate 29 is pulled back to be just clamped into the filter material inserting plate 29 clamping seat, the filter material net 27 in the partition plate 26 is blocked, the filter material net 27 is opened after pushing out, fine decomposition materials fall from the filter material net 27 into a decomposition bin between the partition plate 26 and a filter water plate 28, the filter material inserting plate 29 consists of a bracelet, an inserting plate rod and an inserting plate, stirring blades 9 are installed above the partition plate 26 on a stirring shaft 7, the blades have the effect of downwards extruding the decomposition materials so as to promote the fine decomposition materials to pass through the filter material net 27, and a sealing sleeve sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring shaft 7 is installed in the middle of the partition plate 26.
Acid liquor is added into the upper part of the decomposition stomach III 3, the over-alkali decomposition material is neutralized, the fine decomposition material is separated and enters a decomposition bin below, and the larger decomposition material is lifted to the circulation cavity III 20 by the lifting spiral blade 8 for further decomposition.
The water filtering plate 28 of the third decomposition stomach 3 is provided with a water filtering port, the separated decomposition liquid is led to infiltrate into a decomposition liquid bin below the water filtering plate 28, a stirring blade 9 is arranged on the stirring shaft 7 above the water filtering plate 28, the stirring blade 9 has the stirring function and also has the function of downwards extruding the decomposition liquid to promote the decomposition liquid to separate and infiltrate from the water filtering port, the decomposition liquid bin of the third decomposition stomach 3 is provided with a second discharge port 30, the decomposition liquid separated from the decomposition liquid bin is discharged from the second discharge port 30, a decomposition liquid discharge port 31 is reserved at the bottom of the decomposition liquid bin, and the decomposition liquid is discharged from the decomposition liquid discharge port 31 into a decomposition liquid collecting tank.
The decomposition stomach three 3 mainly has the functions of separating decomposition liquid and fine materials, separating the decomposition liquid and the fine materials from the decomposition materials, and recycling the decomposition without reaching the fineness requirement.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The equipment for producing the organic fertilizer by using the planting waste is characterized by comprising a first decomposed stomach (1), a second decomposed stomach (2), a third decomposed stomach (3) and a control system;
The device comprises a first decomposition stomach (1), a second decomposition stomach (2) and a third decomposition stomach (3), wherein the first decomposition stomach (1), the second decomposition stomach (2) and the third decomposition stomach (3) comprise an inner wall and an outer wall, a spiral heat-conducting pipe (4) is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the first decomposition stomach (1), the upper ends of the first decomposition stomach (1), the second decomposition stomach (2) and the third decomposition stomach (3) are fixed with a cover plate (5) through bolts, the cover plate (5) is fixedly provided with a motor (6), a rotating shaft of the motor (6) penetrates through the cover plate (5), the lower end of the rotating shaft of the motor (6) is fixedly connected with a stirring shaft (7), lifting spiral blades (8) are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the stirring shaft (7), and stirring blades (9) are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the lower end of the stirring shaft (7).
A first circulating cavity (10) is formed in one side of the first decomposed stomach (1), a first circulating guide plate (11) is arranged on the side, close to the first circulating cavity (10), of the cover plate (5) of the first decomposed stomach (1), a first liquid adding port (13) and a first discharge port (14) are formed in one side of the upper end of the first decomposed stomach (1), a first discharge guide plate (15) matched with the first discharge port (14) is arranged on the cover plate (5), and a first feed port (16) is formed in the upper end of the first circulating cavity (10);
One side of the second decomposed stomach (2) is provided with a second circulating cavity (46), the second circulating cavity (46) is provided with a second feeding port (18), one end, close to the second circulating cavity (46), of a cover plate (5) of the second decomposed stomach (2) is provided with a second circulating guide plate (45), and one surface of the upper end of the second decomposed stomach (2) is provided with a first decomposed liquid input port (17) and a second liquid feeding port (19);
One side of the decomposed stomach III (3) is provided with a circulating cavity III (20), the upper end of the circulating cavity III (20) is connected with the upper end of the decomposed stomach II (2) through a connecting pipe (21), a discharging guide plate II (22) is arranged on one side, close to the connecting pipe (21), of a cover plate (5) of the decomposed stomach II (2), and a circulating guide plate III (23) is arranged on one side, close to the circulating cavity III (20), of the cover plate (5) of the decomposed stomach III (3);
One side of the upper end of the decomposition stomach three (3) is provided with a liquid adding port three (24) and an observation window (25), a partition plate (26) and a water filtering plate (28) are fixed in the decomposition stomach three (3), the partition plate (26) is flush with the bottom end of the circulation cavity three (20), a filter material net (27) is fixedly embedded in one side of the partition plate (26) away from the circulation cavity three (20), one side of the decomposition stomach three (3) is provided with a filter material inserting plate (29) matched with the filter material net (27), one side of the decomposition stomach three (3) is provided with a discharge port two (30), the discharge port two (30) is positioned between the partition plate (26) and the water filtering plate (28), and the bottom end of the decomposition stomach three (3) is provided with a decomposition liquid discharge port (31);
The control system comprises an acid liquid tank (32), a power supply (33), a display (34), a controller (41), a water temperature controller (35) and an alkali liquid tank (36), a first liquid adding port (13) is connected with the output end of the acid liquid tank (32) through a first guide pipe, a third electromagnetic valve (37) is installed at one end of the first guide pipe, which is close to the acid liquid tank (32), a second liquid adding port (19) is connected with the output end of the alkali liquid tank (36) through a second guide pipe, a first electromagnetic valve (38) is installed at one end of the second guide pipe, which is close to the alkali liquid tank (36), a third liquid adding port (24) is connected with the output end of the acid liquid tank (32) through a third guide pipe, a second electromagnetic valve (39) is installed at one end of the acid liquid tank (32), a spiral heat conducting pipe (4) is connected with the water temperature controller (35) in series, a first circulating cavity (10), a second circulating cavity (46) and one side inner wall of the third circulating cavity (20) are both fixedly provided with a temperature probe (40) and a gastric alkalinity probe (12), a second gastric juice collecting port (48) is connected with the output end of the first guide pipe (48), a delivery pump (48) is connected with the output end of the second electromagnetic liquid (32), a delivery pump (48) is connected with the second electromagnetic liquid collecting port (39), and the first delivery pump (48) is connected with the output end of the second electromagnetic liquid (48) The temperature probe (40), the pH value probe (12), the first electromagnetic valve (38), the second electromagnetic valve (39), the third electromagnetic valve (37), the water temperature controller (35) and the display (34) are electrically connected with the controller (41), and the controller (41), the water temperature controller (35) and the display (34) are electrically connected with the power supply (33); the device is characterized in that the first decomposed stomach (1), the second decomposed stomach (2) and the third decomposed stomach (3) are provided with cleaning openings (42) at the lower ends, and sealing covers (43) are fixed at the lower ends of the cleaning openings (42) through bolts.
2. The device for producing the organic fertilizer by using the planting waste according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of studs (44) are fixed at the lower ends of the first decomposition stomach (1), the second decomposition stomach (2) and the third decomposition stomach (3), and a plurality of stirring blades (9) are fixed at the outer walls of the stirring shaft (7) of the third decomposition stomach (3) above the partition plate (26) and the water filtering plate (28).
3. A method for producing organic fertilizer by using the plant waste, characterized in that the method for producing organic fertilizer by using the plant waste-producing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-2 comprises the steps of: firstly, primarily crushing the waste by using a crusher without a sieve sheet, and greatly damaging the structure of the waste; step two, adding the crushed waste into the first decomposed stomach (1) from the first feed inlet (16), and simultaneously adding a corrosion promoter and a proper amount of acid liquid into the first decomposed stomach (1); thirdly, putting down a first discharge guide plate (15) of the first rotten stomach (1) so that waste in the first rotten stomach (1) cannot flow out of a first discharge hole (14), and lifting a first circulating guide plate (11) of the first rotten stomach (1) so that the waste in the first rotten stomach (1) can circularly flow between the first rotten stomach (1) and a first circulating cavity (10); fourthly, putting down the first circulating guide plate (11) of the first rotten stomach (1) after 46-50 hours, lifting the first discharge guide plate (15) of the first rotten stomach (1), discharging the materials in the first rotten stomach (1) from the first discharge port (14), and air-drying the materials after discharging to obtain a primary rotten material after air-drying; fifthly, crushing the primary decomposed material by using a crusher with a sieve piece not more than 10mm to obtain a crushed primary decomposed material; step six, adding the crushed primary decomposed material into the decomposed stomach II (2) from a feed inlet II (18), then putting down a discharge guide plate II (22) of the decomposed stomach II (2), and lifting a circulation guide plate II (45) of the decomposed stomach II (2) to enable the material in the decomposed stomach II (2) to perform internal circulation decomposition, and simultaneously adding a corrosion promoter and a proper amount of alkali liquor into the decomposed stomach II (2); step seven, lifting a discharge guide plate II (22) of the decomposed stomach II (2) after 46-50 hours, and putting down a circulation guide plate II (45) of the decomposed stomach II (2) so that feed liquid in the decomposed stomach II (2) enters a circulation cavity III (20) of the decomposed stomach III (3), lifting a circulation guide plate III (23) of the decomposed stomach III (3) so that the material circulates between the decomposed stomach III (3) and the circulation cavity III (20), and adding acid liquid with the pH value of 2.5-5.7 into the decomposed stomach III (3) to adjust the pH value of the liquid in the decomposed stomach III (3) to 7.2-7.5; step eight, opening a filter material plugboard (29) in the decomposed stomach III (3) after 5-7 hours, allowing decomposed substances with the particle size smaller than 1mm to enter a decomposed material bin (49) through a filter material net (27), allowing decomposed substances with the particle size larger than 1mm to enter a circulating cavity of the decomposed stomach III (3) through a lifting spiral blade (8), allowing separated decomposed liquid to infiltrate into a decomposed liquid bin (50) downwards, allowing the decomposed liquid to enter a gastric juice collecting tank through a decomposed liquid outlet (31), allowing the decomposed liquid to enter a decomposed stomach II (2) through a decomposed liquid inlet I (17), and discharging the decomposed material from a discharge port II (30) after the decomposed material is dehydrated in the decomposed material bin; step nine, putting earthworms into the decomposed material, generating wormcast by utilizing the life activities of the earthworms, mixing the wormcast with nutrient substances, and performing pelleting treatment to form the organic fertilizer.
4. The method for producing organic fertilizer by using plant waste as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the acid solution is added into the decomposed stomach I (1), the acid solution with the pH value of 2.5-5.7 is added according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1:30.
5. A method for producing organic fertilizer by using plant waste as claimed in claim 3, wherein the motor (6) of the first (1) is operated at 120-140rpm, and the temperature in the first (1) is controlled at 36.5-39.5 ℃.
6. The method for producing organic fertilizer by using plant waste as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the alkali solution is added into the decomposed stomach two (2), the alkali solution with the pH value of 8.0-9.0 is added according to the ratio of 1:30.
7. A method for producing organic fertilizer by using plant waste as claimed in claim 3, wherein the motor (6) of the second decomposed stomach (2) is operated at 120-140rpm, and the temperature in the second decomposed stomach (2) is controlled at 36.5-39.5 ℃.
8. A method for producing organic fertilizer by using plant waste as claimed in claim 3, wherein the motor (6) of the decomposition stomach three (3) is operated at 120-140rpm, and the temperature in the decomposition stomach three (3) is controlled at 36.5-39.5 ℃.
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| CN202210107407.9A CN115594541B (en) | 2022-01-28 | Equipment and method for producing organic fertilizer by using planting waste |
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| CN202210107407.9A CN115594541B (en) | 2022-01-28 | Equipment and method for producing organic fertilizer by using planting waste |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN217297702U (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-08-26 | 蒙草生态环境(集团)股份有限公司 | Equipment for producing organic fertilizer by using planting waste |
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Address after: 010070 mengcao seed industry center, Xincheng District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Applicant after: Mengcao ecological environment (Group) Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: WUYUAN HONGYE WATER-SAVING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Shaanxi Qincao Ecological Environment Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 010070 mengcao seed industry center, Xincheng District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Applicant before: INNER MONGOLIA MONGOLIAN GRASS ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT (GROUP) Ltd. Applicant before: WUYUAN HONGYE WATER-SAVING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: Shaanxi Qincao Ecological Environment Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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