CN115590165A - Method for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit, preparing pure jujube peel and recovering jujube pulp - Google Patents
Method for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit, preparing pure jujube peel and recovering jujube pulp Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/09—Mashed or comminuted products, e.g. pulp, purée, sauce, or products made therefrom, e.g. snacks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
A method for separating jujube peel, jujube flesh and jujube pit, preparing pure jujube peel and recovering jujube flesh, belonging to the technical field of processing and treating red jujube; which comprises the following steps: step 1: selecting and processing raw materials; step 2: carrying out spiral extrusion; and step 3: rubbing and washing; and 4, step 4: cleaning and screening; and 5: cleaning and draining the jujube peel; step 6: drying; drying cleaned jujube peel in the shade, and storing. The invention can separate the jujube peel, jujube flesh and jujube pit without adding any chemical auxiliary additive and changing the nutritional active ingredients of the jujube peel and jujube flesh; is suitable for the early raw material treatment of refined and industrialized production of the dried red dates or the recycling of red date waste residue in the later period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of red date processing, in particular to a method for separating date peel, date flesh and date pits, preparing pure date peel and recovering date flesh.
Background
Fruit from Zizyphus jujuba (Zizyphus jujubes, kijjubengill.) belonging to Rhamnaceae (Rhamnaceae). Contains multiple nutritional components and bioactive components, such as rutin (Vp), vitamin C, pentacyclic triterpene, saponin, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cyclic guanosine monophosphate and catechol, and is a medicinal and edible fruit. The variety is more than 700, and the red dates have rich resources. Mainly distributed in Gansu, xinjiang, ningxia, shaanxi and Hebei, shanxi, shandong and Henan of the middle and lower reaches of the yellow river in the northwest of China. Although the processing and the production research of the processed products are concerned, a large amount of jujube residues generated by the processing are discarded or used as coarse feed, which not only causes resource waste, but also causes serious environmental damage. The further deep processing of the dried red dates is limited.
Deep processing of dried fructus Jujubae comprises mixing fructus Jujubae peel, fructus Jujubae pulp and semen Ziziphi Spinosae in waste residue generated after fermentation of beverage, fructus Jujubae vinegar and fructus Jujubae wine, and has water content of more than 90%. Research has shown that jujube peel, jujube flesh and jujube pit respectively contain a large amount of jujube pigment, water-insoluble polysaccharide component and lignocellulose. The jujube peel and jujube pulp can be respectively extracted with natural pigment and polysaccharide after being separated or can be reused in other purposes, the processing additional value of the red jujube is improved, and the development of the red jujube industry to the direction of high-valued and fine processing is facilitated.
At present, few documents are available for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit, and the prior art has the defects of complicated process and equipment for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit, preparing pure jujube peel and recovering jujube pulp, which can be a physical method for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit without adding any chemical auxiliary additive and changing the nutritional active ingredients of jujube peel and jujube pulp; is suitable for the refining of the dried red dates, the early raw material treatment of the industrial production or the recycling of the red date waste residue in the later period.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit, preparing pure jujube peel and recovering jujube pulp comprises the following steps:
step 1: raw material selection and processing
Treating dried red dates or selecting red date processing waste residues as raw materials, and spin-drying partial water in the raw materials;
step 2: screw extrusion
Squeezing and separating fructus Jujubae meat, semen Ziziphi Spinosae and water, and recovering separated semisolid fructus Jujubae meat and separated fruit juice;
and step 3: rubbing and washing
Kneading, washing and separating the residual jujube peel, residual jujube pulp and jujube pit in the step 2;
and 4, step 4: cleaning and screening
Further separating the redundant jujube pulp, jujube peel and jujube pit in the step 3, and recovering the separated jujube pit and jujube peel;
and 5: jujube peel cleaning and draining
Washing the jujube peel in the step 4 again, finishing again and spin-drying;
step 6: drying
And drying the cleaned jujube peel in the shade and then storing.
Further, the processing method for drying the red dates in the step 1 comprises the following steps: and screening and soaking the dried red dates to soften the dried red dates.
Further, the red date processing waste residue in the step 1 is waste red date residue which is obtained after red dates are not crushed and are fermented and processed.
Further, the raw material is put into a centrifuge in step 1, and a large amount of moisture in the raw material is dried.
Further, in step 2, the processed raw materials are placed into a screw-type conveying extruder to be extruded and separated, and the semi-solid jujube pulp is separated and recovered.
Further, the raw materials are pushed to an extrusion screw from a feeding box through a conveying screw, the rotating speed is 8-10 rotating speeds per minute, and the jujube pulp, the jujube pits and the water in the raw materials are separated through extrusion by adjusting the screw pitch and the shaft diameter of the extrusion screw;
and (4) allowing the separated semi-solid jujube pulp to flow out of the sieve mesh, and recovering the semi-solid jujube pulp.
Further, in step 3, the jujube peel, the residual jujube pulp and the jujube pit which are remained in the step 2 are put into a kneading cleaning machine for washing and separation;
the jujube flesh is stripped and dissolved into water, and the jujube pit and the jujube peel are completely separated.
Further, in step 4, the jujube pits separated in step 3 flow out of the outlet along the diversion trench by roller cleaning, and the jujube peel is separated along the other opposite discharge hole; and (4) further separating the redundant jujube pulp, jujube peel and jujube pit by using a roller type screening separator.
Further, in step 5, the jujube peel in step 4 is washed again, rearranged and put into a centrifuge for centrifugal drying.
Has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The method adopts a physical method to separate and prepare the jujube peel and recover the jujube pulp, has low cost and safe raw materials, and the separated semi-finished product is convenient for the later fine and deep processing, and has high extraction rate and good preparation effect.
(2) The separated jujube pulp becomes a solid-liquid mixture, and the jujube flavor is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the technological process of the method for separating jujube peel, jujube flesh and jujube pit, preparing pure jujube peel and recovering jujube flesh;
Detailed Description
Example 1
The method for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit, preparing pure jujube peel and recovering jujube pulp comprises the following steps:
step 1: raw material selection and processing
The dried red dates are treated or the red date processing waste residues are selected as raw materials, and partial water in the raw materials is dried;
in this embodiment, the processing method of dried red dates comprises: screening and soaking the dried red dates to soften the dried red dates.
In this embodiment, the waste residues from processing red dates are waste residues from fermentation without crushing red dates.
In this example, the material was placed in a centrifuge and a large amount of water in the material was spun.
And 2, step: screw extrusion
Squeezing and separating fructus Jujubae meat, semen Ziziphi Spinosae and water, and recovering separated semisolid fructus Jujubae meat and separated fruit juice;
in this embodiment, the processed raw material is put into a screw-type conveying extruder, and the raw material is extruded and separated, and the semi-solid jujube pulp is separated and recovered.
In the embodiment, the raw materials are pushed to the extrusion screw from the feeding box through the conveying screw, the rotating speed is 8-10 rotating speeds per minute, and the jujube pulp, the jujube core and the moisture in the raw materials are separated through extrusion by adjusting the screw pitch and the shaft diameter of the extrusion screw;
the separated semi-solid jujube pulp flows out of the sieve mesh, and the semi-solid jujube pulp is recovered.
And step 3: rubbing and washing
Kneading, washing and separating the residual jujube peel, residual jujube pulp and jujube pit in the step 2;
in the embodiment, the jujube peel, the jujube pulp and the jujube pit which are remained in the step 2 are put into a kneading cleaning machine for washing and separation;
the jujube flesh is stripped and dissolved into water, and the jujube pit and the jujube peel are completely separated.
Wherein, the date pit and the date peel have different specific gravity, and the date pit is precipitated at the bottom; the separated residual jujube pulp has a special flavor and a reduced solid content, and is discarded as a waste liquid.
And 4, step 4: cleaning and screening
Further separating the redundant jujube pulp, jujube peel and jujube pit in the step 3, and recovering the separated jujube pit and jujube peel;
in the implementation, the jujube pits separated in the step 3 flow out of the outlet along the diversion trench by roller cleaning, and the jujube peels are separated along the other opposite discharge hole; and (4) further separating the redundant jujube pulp, the jujube stone, the jujube peel and the jujube stone by using a roller type screening machine.
And 5: jujube peel cleaning and draining
Washing the jujube peels obtained in the step 4 again, finishing again and spin-drying;
in the embodiment, the jujube peel in the step 4 is washed again, rearranged and put into a centrifuge for centrifugal drying.
And 6: drying
And drying the cleaned jujube peel in the shade and then storing.
Example 2
The method for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit, preparing pure jujube peel and recovering jujube pulp comprises the following steps:
step 1: raw material selection and processing
3kg of wet waste residue after the production of the dried red date beverage is taken.
And 2, step: screw extrusion
Squeezing and separating jujube core on 60 mesh metal screen, and collecting jujube juice and jujube pulp.
And step 3: rubbing washing
Adding water into the residual jujube peel, residual jujube flesh and jujube pit in the step 2 and kneading for 20-30 minutes; the juice is discarded.
And 4, step 4: cleaning and screening
And (3) further filtering the jujube pulp pomace in the step (3), separating jujube peel and jujube pit, and cleaning the separated jujube peel and jujube pit, wherein the generated juice is discarded, and the jujube pit is recovered.
Repeating the processes of the step 3 and the step 4 for 2-3 times.
And 5: jujube peel cleaning and draining
And (4) centrifugally drying the jujube peel obtained in the step (4).
Step 6: drying
And drying the cleaned jujube peel in the shade and then storing.
93g of Chinese date peel is finally obtained, the extraction rate accounts for 3.1 percent of the wet weight, and the Chinese date peel is purplish red; the jujube pulp has high viscosity, fineness and uniform tissue, and the color is light coffee.
Example 3
The method for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit, preparing pure jujube peel and recovering jujube pulp comprises the following steps:
step 1: raw material selection and processing
2kg of dried red dates are used, tap water is used for washing away soil on the surface of the red dates, water is added for soaking for 7-8 hours until the dried red dates completely absorb water and swell, and water is drained.
Step 2: screw extrusion
Squeezing to separate jujube peel, jujube flesh and jujube kernel, and filtering with 40 mesh metal screen to recover jujube paste.
And 3, step 3: rubbing and washing
Adding 4 times of water into the residue obtained in the step 2, kneading for 15=25 minutes, filtering to remove juice, adding 3 times of water into the residue, continuously kneading for 10-15 minutes, and filtering to remove juice.
And 4, step 4: cleaning and screening
The residue from step 3 was washed with 2 volumes of water to remove date pits.
And 5: jujube peel cleaning and draining
And (4) centrifugally drying the jujube peel obtained in the step (4).
Step 6: drying
And drying the cleaned jujube peel in the shade and then storing.
And finally obtaining 117g of jujube peel, wherein the extraction rate accounts for 5.85% of the dry weight of the raw materials, and the color of the jujube peel keeps the inherent color of the red jujubes. The jujube pulp has high viscosity, delicate tissue, aromatic flavor and coffee color. Is directly suitable for processing and application of jujube paste or other jujube products.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The method for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit, preparing pure jujube peel and recovering jujube pulp is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: raw material selection and processing
Treating dried red dates or selecting red date processing waste residues as raw materials, and spin-drying partial water in the raw materials;
step 2: screw extrusion
Squeezing and separating fructus Jujubae meat, semen Ziziphi Spinosae and water, and recovering separated semisolid fructus Jujubae meat and separated fruit juice;
and 3, step 3: rubbing and washing
Kneading, washing and separating the residual jujube peel, residual jujube pulp and jujube pit in the step 2;
and 4, step 4: cleaning and screening
Further separating the redundant jujube pulp, jujube peel and jujube pit in the step 3, and recovering the separated jujube pit and jujube peel;
and 5: jujube peel cleaning and draining
Washing the jujube peel in the step 4 again, finishing again and spin-drying;
step 6: drying
And drying the cleaned jujube peel in the shade and then storing.
2. The method for separating the jujube peel, the jujube pulp and the jujube pit, preparing the pure jujube peel and recovering the jujube pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for processing the dried jujube in the step 1 comprises the following steps: and screening and soaking the dried red dates to soften the dried red dates.
3. The method for separating the date peels, the date flesh and the date pits, preparing the pure date peels and recovering the date flesh as claimed in claim 1, wherein the red date processing waste residue in the step 1 is waste date residue after the fermented processing of the red dates without crushing the red dates.
4. The method for separating date peels, date pulp and date pits and preparing pure date peels and recovering date pulp as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the raw material is put into a centrifuge in step 1, and a large amount of water in the raw material is dried.
5. The method for separating date peel, date flesh and date pit, preparing pure date peel and recovering date flesh according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the processed raw materials are put into a screw-type conveying extruder, the raw materials are extruded and separated, and the semi-solid date flesh is separated and recovered.
6. The method for separating jujube peel, jujube flesh and jujube pit and preparing pure jujube peel and jujube flesh recovery according to claim 4, wherein the raw material is pushed from a feeding box to an extrusion screw by a conveying screw at a rotation speed of 8-10 rpm, and jujube flesh, jujube pit and water in the raw material are separated by extrusion by adjusting the pitch and the shaft diameter of the extrusion screw;
and (4) allowing the separated semi-solid jujube pulp to flow out of the sieve mesh, and recovering the semi-solid jujube pulp.
7. The method for separating date peels, date flesh and date pits, preparing pure date peels and recovering date flesh as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, the date peels, the residual date flesh and the date pits remained in step 2 are put into a kneading cleaning machine for washing and separation;
the jujube flesh is stripped and dissolved into water, and the jujube pit and the jujube peel are completely separated.
8. The method for separating date peels, date flesh and date pits, preparing pure date peels and recovering date flesh as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step 4, the date pits separated in step 3 flow out from an outlet along a diversion trench by roller washing, and the date peels are separated along the other opposite outlet; and (4) further separating the redundant jujube pulp, the jujube stone, the jujube peel and the jujube stone by using a roller type screening machine.
9. The method for separating the jujube peel, the jujube pulp and the jujube pit, preparing the pure jujube peel and recovering the jujube pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 5, the jujube peel in step 4 is washed again, rearranged and put into a centrifuge for centrifugal drying.
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| CN202211286512.XA CN115590165A (en) | 2022-10-20 | 2022-10-20 | Method for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit, preparing pure jujube peel and recovering jujube pulp |
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| CN202211286512.XA CN115590165A (en) | 2022-10-20 | 2022-10-20 | Method for separating jujube peel, jujube pulp and jujube pit, preparing pure jujube peel and recovering jujube pulp |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102453652A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-05-16 | 谢广明 | Production method of red date low-alcohol potable spirit |
| CN102524699A (en) * | 2012-02-07 | 2012-07-04 | 魏建勋 | Red jujube peel-removing method |
| CN108740868A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-06 | 塔里木大学 | Jujube deep processing and jujube core recycle combination process |
| CN208609850U (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-03-19 | 青岛金龙一食品有限公司 | Jujube meat seperator |
| CN110679850A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-14 | 曹世民 | Preparation method of red date noodles |
| KR20200072946A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-23 | 주식회사 세종하이텍 | Apparatus for remove a jujube seed |
-
2022
- 2022-10-20 CN CN202211286512.XA patent/CN115590165A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102453652A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-05-16 | 谢广明 | Production method of red date low-alcohol potable spirit |
| CN102524699A (en) * | 2012-02-07 | 2012-07-04 | 魏建勋 | Red jujube peel-removing method |
| CN208609850U (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-03-19 | 青岛金龙一食品有限公司 | Jujube meat seperator |
| CN108740868A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-06 | 塔里木大学 | Jujube deep processing and jujube core recycle combination process |
| KR20200072946A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-23 | 주식회사 세종하이텍 | Apparatus for remove a jujube seed |
| CN110679850A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-14 | 曹世民 | Preparation method of red date noodles |
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