CN115584453A - Method for simultaneously improving strength and plasticity of copper-zinc alloy - Google Patents
Method for simultaneously improving strength and plasticity of copper-zinc alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN115584453A CN115584453A CN202211264881.9A CN202211264881A CN115584453A CN 115584453 A CN115584453 A CN 115584453A CN 202211264881 A CN202211264881 A CN 202211264881A CN 115584453 A CN115584453 A CN 115584453A
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- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009763 wire-cut EDM Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017518 Cu Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017752 Cu-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017943 Cu—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001325 element alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
- B24B27/033—Other grinding machines or devices for grinding a surface for cleaning purposes, e.g. for descaling or for grinding off flaws in the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for simultaneously improving the strength and the plasticity of a copper-zinc alloy, belonging to the technical field of material preparation. The method comprises the steps of polishing the surface of a plate to form a smooth surface; carrying out surface mechanical grinding technology on the copper-zinc alloy plate subjected to surface grinding treatment to refine the grain size of the metal surface; respectively carrying out surface mechanical grinding treatment on the two sides of the copper-zinc alloy plate; and (4) processing the copper-zinc alloy plate. The invention carries out grain size refining treatment on the surface in advance, so that the formed metal surface layer forms grain size gradient along the core part of the plate layer, the strength is greatly improved, the capacity of sacrificing plasticity is greatly reduced, and the problems of low strength and great limitation on the application range of copper-zinc alloy caused by the direct copper-zinc alloy process at present are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for simultaneously improving the strength and the plasticity of a copper-zinc alloy, belonging to the technical field of metal material processing.
Background
The alloy consisting of copper and zinc is brass, and brass consisting of copper and zinc is called ordinary brass. The brass has stronger wear resistance, and is often used for manufacturing valves, water pipes, connecting pipes of internal and external machines of air conditioners, radiators and the like. The copper-zinc alloy has the advantages of good electrical conductivity, heat conductivity, wear resistance, easy cutting and processing and the like, so the copper-zinc alloy is widely applied to the fields of modern industry and engineering technology, can not be separated from various household appliances, power transmission facilities and integrated circuits, and is an indispensable important composition in daily life and production. With the progress of science and technology, the traditional processing and preparation method is difficult to meet the high requirements of industry and engineering on the performance of the copper-zinc alloy, and the development and application of the copper-zinc alloy in related fields are prevented, so that how to improve the comprehensive mechanical property of the copper-zinc alloy becomes a great problem which troubles scientists in the international material field in recent years.
The strength and plasticity of the copper and zinc prepared by the process seem to be contradictory performance characteristics, and an 'inverted' relationship is presented, namely, high-strength metal is often low in plasticity, and the strength and the plasticity are difficult to obtain simultaneously. At present, most of industrial preparation methods meet the requirements of preset working environments by the design requirements of products, and short plates with strength and plasticity limit further possibilities of related products. The homogeneous block-shaped nano-crystalline and ultra-fine crystalline structure materials can obtain extremely high strength, and researchers find that the homogeneous block-shaped nano/ultra-fine crystalline materials prepared by a large plastic deformation process can effectively improve the strength of the materials, and gradually derive process technologies such as equal channel angular extrusion, asynchronous rolling, accumulative pack rolling, dynamic plastic deformation, high-pressure torsion and the like; however, the nano/ultra-fine grained material prepared by the above-described large plastic deformation process generally has short plates with extremely low uniform elongation.
In order to solve the problem that the short plate of the material is applied, namely, the materials are subjected to a great amount of research and investigation by domestic and foreign scientific researchers with uniform deformation capability in the plastic deformation process, a plurality of effective and feasible experimental schemes are provided according to respective research results: scientists have focused their research on binary or multi-element alloy materials for large plastic deformation process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for simultaneously improving the strength and the plasticity of a copper-zinc alloy, which is characterized in that a copper-zinc alloy plate is subjected to single-surface grain refinement treatment by utilizing a surface mechanical grinding technology to prepare a heterostructure material with ultra-fine grain-coarse grain on the surface, a core part is coarse grain, the ultra-high strength and hardness are maintained, and the lower plasticity is sacrificed, namely the core part structure and the surface structure are mutually cooperated in the deformation process, the processing and hardening capacity is higher, multiple mechanisms are mutually matched, the performance mutation caused by the structure difference is avoided, and the good reinforcement and application are obtained, the process method is simple, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) carrying out vacuum annealing on the copper-zinc alloy plate subjected to smelting forming at 550-700 ℃ for 2-4 h to realize homogenization treatment.
(2) Polishing the copper-zinc alloy plate obtained in the step (1), polishing the surface of the copper-zinc alloy plate into a smooth surface by using abrasive paper with different roughness from coarse to fine, removing a residual oxide layer on the surface, and polishing for later use; preferably, the chemical grinding and polishing are carried out, and the polishing solution is neutral or alkaline.
(3) And (3) mechanically grinding the surfaces of the two surfaces of the copper-zinc alloy plate obtained in the step (2) in a liquid nitrogen environment to obtain the copper-zinc alloy plate.
Preferably, the copper-zinc alloy of the present invention is a Cu-20wt% Zn alloy.
Preferably, the thickness of the copper-zinc alloy plate is 2.5 mm-5 mm.
Preferably, the process of the surface mechanical grinding of the present invention is: injecting steel balls to perform impact deformation on the copper-zinc alloy plate, wherein the treatment time is 10 to 15min.
Preferably, in the surface mechanical grinding process, the test frequency is 20 to 50Hz, the diameter of the steel ball is 8mm, and the number of the steel balls is 150 to 208.
The invention has the advantages of
(1) The invention prepares the gradient structure material on the metal substrate by adopting a grain size refining mode after modifying the metal surface, so that the surface grains are gradually refined, the process flow is greatly simplified, the fine grain layer on the surface and the coarse grain layer on the core part are cooperatively strengthened in the deformation process, and multiple mechanisms interact with each other, thereby greatly improving the yield and the tensile strength and simultaneously having higher plasticity on both surfaces.
(2) The probability of twinning deformation is increased by the fact that the large plastic deformation processing is conducted in a low-temperature environment (such as a liquid nitrogen environment) to be beneficial to restraining the dynamic recovery of dislocation. So that the mechanical properties of the processed product in a room temperature environment have higher plasticity.
(3) The strength and plasticity of the material for manufacturing the double surfaces are better, the material can be selected under various conditions, the continuous production is easy to realize, the product quality is stable, the capital investment is less, and the application range of copper, zinc and other alloys is further expanded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison of the tensile curves of single and double faces of the heterostructure Cu-Zn alloy prepared by the practice of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example 1
A method for simultaneously improving strength and plasticity of a copper-zinc alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) The melt-formed 4mm Cu-20wt% Zn alloy plate was subjected to 550 ℃ vacuum annealing for 4 hours to thereby homogenize the alloy plate.
(2) And (2) polishing the copper-zinc alloy plate obtained in the step (1), polishing the surface of the copper-zinc alloy plate into a smooth surface by using abrasive paper with different roughness from coarse to fine, removing a residual oxide layer on the surface, and polishing for later use.
(3) And (3) mechanically grinding the surfaces of the two surfaces of the copper-zinc alloy plate obtained in the step (2) in a liquid nitrogen environment, wherein the treatment time is 15min, the test frequency is 50Hz, the diameter of the steel ball is 8mm, and the number of the steel balls is 150.
In order to verify the mechanical properties of the processed copper-zinc alloy plate, the copper-zinc alloy plate obtained in the step (3) is subjected to technologies such as wire cut electrical discharge machining or laser cladding, and the like, and is cut into a tensile sample in the shape of a dog bone under the condition that the metal structure is not affected, so that a tensile curve is obtained.
The yield strength of the copper-zinc material with the heterostructure prepared by the mechanical grinding treatment in the embodiment can reach 236MPa (shown by the curve of the example 2 in the attached figure 1), is 3.2 times of that of the annealed copper-zinc alloy shown by the curve of 4mm, the uniform elongation reaches 22 percent, and the tensile strength can reach 316MPa.
For comparison, single-sided mechanical grinding treatment is also carried out, the yield strength (17%) and the tensile strength reach 296MPa, and the performance is poorer compared with that of a double-sided copper-zinc material.
Example 2
A method for simultaneously improving the strength and the plasticity of a copper-zinc alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) The melt-formed 5mm Cu-20wt% Zn alloy plate was subjected to 700 ℃ vacuum annealing for 2 hours to thereby realize homogenization treatment.
(2) And (2) polishing the copper-zinc alloy plate obtained in the step (1), polishing the surface of the copper-zinc alloy plate into a smooth surface by using abrasive paper with different roughness from coarse to fine, removing a residual oxide layer on the surface, and polishing for later use.
(3) And (3) mechanically grinding the surfaces of the two surfaces of the copper-zinc alloy plate obtained in the step (2) in a liquid nitrogen environment to obtain the copper-zinc alloy plate, wherein the treatment time is 10min, the test frequency is 20Hz, the diameter of the steel ball is 8mm, and the number of the steel balls is 208.
In order to verify the mechanical properties of the processed copper-zinc alloy plate, the copper-zinc alloy plate obtained in the step 3) is subjected to technologies such as wire cut electrical discharge machining or laser cladding, and is cut into a tensile sample in the shape of a dog bone under the condition that the metal structure is not affected, so that a tensile curve is obtained.
The yield strength of the prepared copper-zinc material with the surface grain refined double-sided heterostructure can reach 193MPa, which is 2.6 times of that of the annealed copper-zinc material, the uniform elongation rate can reach 31%, and the tensile strength can reach 287MPa.
For comparison, single-sided mechanical grinding treatment is also carried out, the yield strength (29%) and the tensile strength reach 270MPa, and the performance is poorer than that of a double-sided copper-zinc material.
Claims (6)
1. A method for simultaneously improving the strength and the plasticity of a copper-zinc alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Homogenizing the smelted and formed copper-zinc alloy plate;
(2) Polishing the copper-zinc alloy plate obtained in the step (1), polishing the surface of the copper-zinc alloy plate to a smooth surface by using abrasive paper with different roughness from coarse to fine, removing a residual oxide layer on the surface, and polishing for later use;
(3) And (3) carrying out surface mechanical grinding on the two surfaces of the copper-zinc alloy plate obtained in the step (2) in a liquid nitrogen environment to obtain the copper-zinc alloy plate.
2. The method for simultaneously improving the strength and the plasticity of the copper-zinc alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the copper-zinc alloy is Cu-20wt% Zn alloy.
3. The method for simultaneously improving the strength and the plasticity of the copper-zinc alloy according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the thickness of the copper-zinc alloy plate is 2.5 mm-5 mm.
4. The method for simultaneously improving the strength and the plasticity of the copper-zinc alloy according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the annealing conditions in the step (1) are as follows: and (3) carrying out vacuum annealing at 550-700 ℃ for 2-4h.
5. The method for simultaneously improving the strength and the plasticity of the copper-zinc alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the process of surface mechanical grinding is as follows: injecting steel balls to perform impact deformation on the copper-zinc alloy plate, wherein the processing time is 10 to 15min.
6. The method for simultaneously improving the strength and the plasticity of the copper-zinc alloy according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the test frequency is 20 to 50Hz in the process of surface mechanical grinding, the diameter of the steel ball is 8mm, and the number of the steel balls is 150 to 208.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211264881.9A CN115584453A (en) | 2022-10-17 | 2022-10-17 | Method for simultaneously improving strength and plasticity of copper-zinc alloy |
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| CN202211264881.9A CN115584453A (en) | 2022-10-17 | 2022-10-17 | Method for simultaneously improving strength and plasticity of copper-zinc alloy |
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| CN202211264881.9A Pending CN115584453A (en) | 2022-10-17 | 2022-10-17 | Method for simultaneously improving strength and plasticity of copper-zinc alloy |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105063524A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 昆明理工大学 | Surface strengthening processing method for pinchbeck alloy |
| CN109266984A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-25 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method for surface hardening of gradient pure copper material |
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2022
- 2022-10-17 CN CN202211264881.9A patent/CN115584453A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105063524A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-18 | 昆明理工大学 | Surface strengthening processing method for pinchbeck alloy |
| CN109266984A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-25 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method for surface hardening of gradient pure copper material |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| BAOZHUANG CAI等: "Enhanced mechanical properties in Cu–Zn alloys with a gradient structure by surface mechanical attrition treatment at cryogenic temperature" * |
| 高洪亮: "梯度结构材料协同强化效应及变形机理研究-铜及铜锌合金" * |
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