CN115583847A - 一种鲁地链霉菌菌肥及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
本发明公开了一种鲁地链霉菌菌肥及其制备方法，其中鲁地链霉菌(Streptomyces rutgersensis T 009)分离自麋鹿的新鲜粪便；经过种子培养后，将其在固体培养基上进行发酵，发酵产物与甲壳素粉末相混拌匀成固体菌种，再将固体菌种与褐煤混合成有机肥；本发明的鲁地链霉菌(属于放线菌)菌肥适用于所有多年生农林物产植物、具有连作障碍的作物，种植前期及中期均可以施用，能够增强土壤肥力，减少土传病害的发生，提高作物品质，增加产量。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于菌肥制备技术领域，具体涉及一种鲁地链霉菌菌肥及其制备方法。
背景技术
放线菌作为一类土壤中广泛存在的微生物，其在土壤中的生态功能及对作物生长的作用研究尚未得到深入。一些农林特产作物，如三七、人参、西洋参等，由于物种特性需要长期遮荫种植，灌溉强度大而至土壤湿度高，土壤的结构与根际微生物群落发生着剧烈变化。有害病菌大量繁殖，从而引起作物病害的流行与爆发，造成严重减产，甚至绝收。
为控制土壤病害的流行，在种植过程中大量使用化学农药，进一步加剧了根际土壤微生物群落变化，同时还带来无机化学农药在土壤和植物中大量累积，作物中农药残留高，影响特产作物的品质，降低了市场竞争力。因此，开发出一种能够有效控制土壤病害的新型肥料，在减少化学农药使用量的同时，能提高一些特产作物的产量和品质，这在农林特产生产中是非常必要和迫切的。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种鲁地链霉菌菌肥及其制备方法，适用于所有多年生农林物产植物、具有连作障碍的作物，种植前期及中期均可以施用，能够增强土壤肥力，减少土传病害的发生，提高作物品质，增加产量。
为了达到上述技术目的，本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种鲁地链霉菌菌肥，所述鲁地链霉菌(Streptomyces rutgersensis T 009＝CCTCC M 2012187)，该菌种产生18种抗菌物质，包括但不限于Macrolactin A，Violapyrones A，Bafilomycin D，Turnagainolide C，Phencomycin；
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种鲁地链霉菌菌肥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：鲁地链霉菌在液体培养基中进行种子培养，培养至对数期；
S2：按10％的接种量将鲁地链霉菌种接种至固体发酵培养基进行发酵培养，培养至孢子成熟期的固体发酵物；固体发酵物于甲壳素均匀混合而成固体菌种，活菌数≥20亿个/克；固体发酵物与甲壳素为 100:1；固体菌种与10倍量的褐煤拌匀成为放线菌肥；
优选的，所述液体培养基为酵母膏-麦芽膏液体培养基；
优选的，所述固体发酵培养基为麦麸：米糠：水＝7:3:14；鲁地链霉菌在固体发酵培养基上于28-30℃发酵7天；
优选的，所述鲁地链霉菌(Streptomyces rutgersensis T 009)分离自麋鹿的新鲜粪便。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明肥料所使用的菌种是从动物粪便获得的具有广谱抗菌活性而又好培养的链霉菌菌种，将它们制成菌肥，还回土壤，可增加土壤的拮抗微生物，防治病原微生物，改善和恢复土壤微生物生态平衡，安全无农残，符合建设生态农业的方向；使用的链霉菌制成的菌肥，生产工艺简便，易于实现规模化生产；该菌肥不易导致病原菌产生抗药性(抗药性，尤其是交叉抗药性是农药、医药应用的严重问题之一)；用该菌肥防治土传病害，绿色环保安全，防治效果好，成本低，使用方便。
本发明的链霉菌(属于放线菌)菌肥适用于所有多年生农林物产植物、具有连作障碍的作物，种植前期及中期均可以施用，能够增强土壤肥力，减少土传病害的发生，提高作物品质，增加产量。中期施肥后能够提高苗期及种植期植株存活率及抗病害能力。以三七为例，重茬苗期的存活率提高到79.8％，存活率比阳性对照提高451％。二年生三七产量比阳性对照提高446％，阴性对照颗粒无收。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
固态放线菌菌肥：100公斤鲁地链霉菌(Streptomyces rutgersensis T 009＝CCTCC M 2012187)的固体发酵物(固体菌种)与1％重量的甲壳素粉末混合，再与1000公斤褐煤(或有机肥)混合拌匀成放线菌菌肥。
固态复合放线菌菌肥的制备方法：
将鲁地链霉菌T 009按10％接种到固体培养基中，于28-30℃发酵7天，待用；固体培养基按重量比例为：麦麸7：米糠3：水140。所述鲁地链霉菌(Streptomyces rutgersensisT 009)分离自麋鹿的新鲜粪便，保存在中国典型培养物保藏中心，编号为CCTCC M2012187。
以大棚内按常规管理栽培的三七为试验对象，将上述制备所得放线菌菌肥按1:10与有机肥混合，按30克/平方米(每亩菌肥20公斤) 进行根际施肥，用现有农药做阳性对照组，每个处理组3个重复，每个重复66平方米，测定试验期内三七的存活率。试验结果表明，阳性对照组的发病率为91.2％，试验组发病率为20.2％，防病效果提高 451％；二年生三七产量从阳性对照的44公斤鲜重增加到196公斤鲜重，增长幅度达446％，阴性对照颗粒无收。
Claims (5)
1.一种鲁地链霉菌菌肥，其特征在于，所述鲁地链霉菌(Streptomyces rutgersensisT 009＝CCTCC M 2012187)，该菌种产生18种抗菌物质，包括但不限于Macrolactin A，Violapyrones A，Bafilomycin D，Turnagainolide C，Phencomycin。
2.一种鲁地链霉菌菌肥的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1：鲁地链霉菌在液体培养基中进行种子培养，培养至对数期；
S2：按10％的接种量将鲁地链霉菌种接种至固体发酵培养基进行发酵培养，培养至孢子成熟期的固体发酵物；固体发酵物于甲壳素均匀混合而成固体菌种，活菌数≥20亿个/克；固体发酵物与甲壳素为100:1；固体菌种与10倍量的褐煤拌匀成为放线菌肥。
3.根据权利要求2所述一种鲁地链霉菌菌肥的制备方法，其特征在于，所述液体培养基为酵母膏-麦芽膏液体培养基。
4.根据权利要求2所述一种鲁地链霉菌菌肥的制备方法，其特征在于，所述固体发酵培养基为麦麸：米糠：水＝7:3:14；鲁地链霉菌在固体发酵培养基上于28-30℃发酵7天。
5.根据权利要求2所述一种鲁地链霉菌菌肥的制备方法，其特征在于，所述鲁地链霉菌(Streptomyces rutgersensis T 009)分离自麋鹿的新鲜粪便。
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101153287A (zh) * | 2007-09-18 | 2008-04-02 | 南京农业大学 | 一种链霉菌抗菌产物及其生产方法 |
| US20100279354A1 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-04 | Evolugate, Llc | Adapting microorganisms for agricultural products |
| CN103044096A (zh) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-04-17 | 云南大学 | 一种固态复合放线菌菌肥及其制备方法 |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101153287A (zh) * | 2007-09-18 | 2008-04-02 | 南京农业大学 | 一种链霉菌抗菌产物及其生产方法 |
| US20100279354A1 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-04 | Evolugate, Llc | Adapting microorganisms for agricultural products |
| CN103044096A (zh) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-04-17 | 云南大学 | 一种固态复合放线菌菌肥及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 范永强: "土壤修复与新型肥料应用", 31 October 2017, 山东科学技术出版社, pages: 113 * |
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