CN115577784B - Method and device for calibrating qubit regulation signal and readable storage medium - Google Patents
Method and device for calibrating qubit regulation signal and readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a calibration method and device of a quantum bit regulation and control signal and a readable storage medium, wherein in the calibration process of the quantum bit regulation and control signal, the power of the regulation and control signal is preset, an energy spectrum experiment is carried out on the quantum bit, a corresponding spectrum curve is obtained, a first spectrum curve meeting the requirement is obtained by adjusting the power of the regulation and control signal, the working frequency of the regulation and control signal is calibrated based on the first spectrum curve, and finally the working power of the regulation and control signal is calibrated based on the current power. Based on the method, the regulation and control signal with accurate frequency and power can be provided for the quantum bit, the effective regulation and control on the quantum bit can be realized based on the regulation and control signal calibrated by the calibration method, and the accuracy of the quantum calculation result is improved to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of quantum computing, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for calibrating a qubit regulation signal, and a readable storage medium.
Background
Quantum computation and quantum information are a cross subject for realizing computation and information processing tasks based on the principle of quantum mechanics, and have very close connection with subjects such as quantum physics, computer science, informatics and the like. There has been a rapid development in the last two decades. Quantum computer-based quantum algorithms in factorization, unstructured search, etc. scenarios exhibit far beyond the performance of existing classical computer-based algorithms, and this direction is expected to be beyond the existing computing power. Since quantum computing has a potential to solve specific problems far beyond the development of classical computer performance, in order to realize a quantum computer, it is necessary to obtain a quantum chip containing a sufficient number and a sufficient mass of qubits, and to enable quantum logic gate operation and reading of the qubits with extremely high fidelity.
In practical applications, the inventors found that, because decoherence of a qubit is derived from instability of a qubit phase, and fluctuation of the qubit phase is derived from fluctuation of a qubit frequency, when a logic gate operation is performed on the qubit, the frequency of a signal (that is, a qubit regulation signal) applied to the qubit corresponding to the quantum logic gate operation must be sufficiently accurate. Besides the frequency of the regulation signal, the power of the regulation signal is also an important factor influencing the quantum calculation result, the calculation result is possibly annihilated in noise due to the fact that the power is too small, the measured frequency spectrum is possibly abnormal and complex due to the fact that the energy level peak of the quantum bit is not measured due to the fact that the power is widened too much.
Therefore, how to provide a calibration method for the qubit regulation signal is a technical problem to be solved in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for calibrating a quantum bit regulating signal and a readable storage medium, which are used for solving the problem that in the prior art, the quantum bit is difficult to control due to the fact that the regulating signal is not accurate enough.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides a calibration method of a qubit regulation signal, where the regulation signal is used to regulate a qubit to be in different quantum states, the calibration method includes:
adjusting the power of the regulation signal, and applying the adjusted regulation signal to the quantum bit to enable a first spectrum curve of the quantum bit to meet a first preset condition, wherein when the first spectrum curve of the quantum bit meets the first preset condition, the power corresponding to the regulation signal is determined to be the working power of the regulation signal;
and calibrating the working frequency of the regulation signal based on the first frequency spectrum curve.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the adjusting the power of the adjusting signal, applying the adjusted adjusting signal to the qubit, so that the first spectral curve of the qubit meets a first preset condition, includes:
applying the regulation and control signal of the first power to the quantum bit, obtaining a first spectrum curve of the quantum bit, and judging whether the first spectrum curve accords with the first preset condition;
if yes, setting the first power as working power;
if not, the value of the first power is adjusted, the regulation signal for applying the first power to the quantum bit is returned, a first spectrum curve of the quantum bit is obtained, and whether the first spectrum curve meets a first preset condition is judged.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the first preset condition includes:
and resonance peaks exist in the first frequency spectrum curve, and the difference value between the maximum value of the amplitude values in the first frequency spectrum curve and the average value of the amplitude values is more than or equal to 10 percent of the average value of the amplitude values.
According to one embodiment of the present application, said adjusting the value of said first power comprises:
and increasing the value of the first power according to a first preset step size.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the first preset step size is 5dB.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the calibrating the operating frequency of the regulation signal based on the first spectral curve includes:
acquiring a first frequency based on the first spectrum curve, wherein the first frequency is an energy level transition frequency of the quantum bit from a ground state to each excited state;
calibrating the operating frequency of the regulation signal based on the first frequency.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the first frequency is obtained through a frequency corresponding to a resonance peak in the first spectrum curve.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the calibrating the operating frequency of the regulation signal based on the first frequency includes:
setting the first frequency as the working frequency of the regulating signal.
An embodiment of a second aspect of the present application proposes a calibration device for a qubit regulation signal, the regulation signal being used for adjusting a qubit to be in different quantum states, the calibration device comprising:
the first processing module is configured to adjust the power of the regulation signal, apply the adjusted regulation signal to the qubit so as to enable a first spectrum curve of the qubit to meet a first preset condition, and determine that the power corresponding to the regulation signal is the working power of the regulation signal when the first spectrum curve of the qubit meets the first preset condition;
a second processing module configured to calibrate an operating frequency of the regulation signal based on the first spectral curve.
An embodiment of a third aspect of the present application proposes a readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, enables a method of calibrating a qubit regulation signal according to any of the above-mentioned features.
Compared with the prior art, one technical scheme of the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
according to the calibration method for the quantum bit regulation and control signal, firstly, the power of the regulation and control signal is preset, an energy spectrum experiment is conducted on the quantum bit, a corresponding spectrum curve is obtained, a first spectrum curve meeting the requirements is obtained by adjusting the power of the regulation and control signal, then the working frequency of the regulation and control signal is calibrated based on the first spectrum curve, and finally the working power of the regulation and control signal is calibrated based on the current power. Based on the scheme, the regulation and control signal with accurate frequency and power can be provided for the quantum bit, the effective regulation and control of the quantum bit can be realized based on the regulation and control signal calibrated by the calibration method, and the accuracy of the quantum calculation result is improved to a certain extent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calibrating a qubit control signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a spectrum plot obtained when the sweep range of the frequency of the regulation signal is set to [4000MHz,6000MHz ] and the power is set to-29 dB;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the frequency spectrum of the tuning signal after the scanning range of the frequency is reduced to [5100MHz,5800MHz ];
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration device for a qubit regulation signal according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the schematic drawings. The advantages and features of the present application will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, and are merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Various aspects of the present application are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, systems and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer programs. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the programs, when executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer programs may also be stored in a readable storage medium that can direct a computer, programmable data processing apparatus, and/or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the readable storage medium storing the computer program includes an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The computer program may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the computer program which is executed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices implements the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The quantum computing is to use the quantum bit as a basic unit, the storage computing of data is realized through the controlled evolution of the quantum state, and the quantum gate operation is realized through applying a regulating signal to the quantum bit. Decoherence of a qubit refers to the process of gradually losing the quantum coherence after the qubit is coupled with the environment, which makes the coherence time of the qubit very limited, and all quantum logic gate operations must be completed within the coherence time. Since decoherence of a qubit is derived from instability of a qubit phase, and fluctuation of the qubit phase is derived from fluctuation of a qubit frequency, when a logic gate operation is performed on the qubit, a frequency of a signal (i.e., a qubit regulation signal) applied to the qubit corresponding to the quantum logic gate operation must be sufficiently accurate. Besides the frequency of the regulation signal, the power of the regulation signal is also an important factor influencing the quantum calculation result, the calculation result is possibly annihilated in noise due to the fact that the power is too small, the measured frequency spectrum is possibly abnormal and complex due to the fact that the energy level peak of the quantum bit is not measured due to the fact that the power is widened too much.
Therefore, an embodiment of the present application proposes a calibration method for a qubit regulation signal, firstly, performing an energy spectrum experiment on a qubit by presetting the power of the regulation signal, obtaining a corresponding spectrum curve, obtaining a first spectrum curve meeting the requirements by adjusting the power of the regulation signal, then calibrating the working frequency of the regulation signal based on the first spectrum curve, and finally calibrating the working power of the regulation signal based on the current power. The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for calibrating a qubit adjusting signal, where the adjusting signal is used for adjusting a qubit to be in different quantum states, and the method includes:
s102: adjusting the power of the regulation signal, and applying the adjusted regulation signal to the quantum bit to enable a first spectrum curve of the quantum bit to meet a first preset condition, wherein when the first spectrum curve of the quantum bit meets the first preset condition, the power corresponding to the regulation signal is determined to be the working power of the regulation signal;
s104: and calibrating the working frequency of the regulation signal based on the first frequency spectrum curve.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that physical hardware comprising qubits, such as superconducting qubit physical hardware, is actually a non-ideal two-level system, there are several energy levels, the lowest energy level is defined as the ground state of the qubit, denoted as |0>State, while defining other energy levels as first excitation of qubitsThe state of occurrence, the second excited state, the third excited state, etc., is denoted as |1>State, |2>State, |3>State, etc. The ground state and the first excited state are selected as two eigenstates of the state representation of the quantum bit, so that the quantum state of the quantum bit is any linear superposition state of the two eigenstates according to the superposition principle of quantum mechanics. The quantum state of a qubit is also the state in which the qubit can exist, expressed as ψ=a|0>+b|1>Wherein a and b are two complex numbers, respectively referred to as |0>State sum |1>The probability amplitude of a state (measured with |a|| 2 Is measured by the probability of |0> |b| 2 1 >) and their sum of modulo squares is equal to 1, called normalization condition: a, a 2 +b 2 =1. It can be seen that each eigenstate in the superimposed state occupies a certain component, the magnitude of which is determined by its probability amplitude. Applying a modulating signal of a certain power to the qubit excites the qubit from ground state transitions to each excited state, the level of the excited states that can be reached being dependent on the power level of the modulating signal applied.
Because of the noise floor in the quantum chip, if the initial power setting of the regulation signal is unreasonable, the result obtained through experiments is annihilated in the noise floor jitter, and the required spectrum curve cannot be obtained. Thus, when the energy spectrum experiment is performed on the qubit for the first time, a higher power regulation signal is selected and the experiment is performed on the qubit in a larger frequency scanning range, for example, the scanning range of the frequency is set to be [4000MHz,6000MHz ], the resolution is set to be 5MHz, and the power of the regulation signal is set to be-29 dB. According to the result of the energy spectrum experiment, namely, calculating the difference between the average value of the amplitude and the maximum value of the amplitude through a frequency spectrum curve, if the difference is smaller than 10% of the average value, only noise floor jitter is considered, and at the moment, the power value is increased by taking 5dB as the step length and the energy spectrum experiment is continued until the requirement is met.
In this embodiment, the adjusting the power of the adjusting signal, and applying the adjusted adjusting signal to the qubit so that the first spectral curve of the qubit meets a first preset condition, that is, the step S102 includes:
s1021: applying the regulation and control signal of the first power to the quantum bit, obtaining a first spectrum curve of the quantum bit, and judging whether the first spectrum curve meets a first preset condition or not;
s1022: if yes, setting the first power as working power;
s1023: if not, the value of the first power is adjusted, the regulation signal for applying the first power to the quantum bit is returned, a first spectrum curve of the quantum bit is obtained, and whether the first spectrum curve meets a first preset condition is judged.
Further, the first power of the regulating signal can be adjusted in a stepwise iterative manner according to a preset precision requirement, and the regulating signal with the adjusted first power is applied to the quantum bit to obtain the first spectrum curve of the quantum bit conforming to the first preset condition, so that the working power of the regulating signal meeting the preset precision requirement is obtained.
Specifically, the adjusting the value of the first power includes:
and increasing the value of the first power according to a first preset step size.
In this embodiment, the first preset step size is preferably 5dB, and it is understood that the first preset step size is not limited to 5dB, and in other embodiments, the first preset step size may be smaller or larger, which is not limited herein, and may be specifically selected according to practical needs.
And setting the first power of the regulation signal as the working power of the regulation signal when the obtained first spectrum curve of the quantum bit accords with a first preset condition. Specifically, the first preset condition includes:
and resonance peaks exist in the first frequency spectrum curve, and the difference value between the maximum value of the amplitude values in the first frequency spectrum curve and the average value of the amplitude values is more than or equal to 10 percent of the average value of the amplitude values. Specific examples can refer to the spectrum curves shown in fig. 2, where the upper curve is the raw spectrum and the lower curve is the fitted spectrum. FIG. 2 shows a spectrum curve obtained when the scanning range of the frequency of the regulation signal is set to be [4000MHz,6000MHz ], the resolution is set to be 5MHz, and the power is set to be-29 dB, at this time, the existence of two resonance peaks can be obviously observed, and as apparent from FIG. 2, the resonance peaks are not annihilated in the noise floor jitter, so-29 dB can be used as the power initial value of the regulation signal. And increasing the power value according to a first preset step length on the basis of the power initial value of the regulating signal to obtain a first power value until the first spectrum curve of the obtained quantum bit meets a first preset condition. And enabling the difference value between the maximum value of the amplitude value and the average value of the amplitude value in the first spectrum curve of the obtained quantum bit to be more than or equal to 10% of the average value of the amplitude value, wherein the average value of the amplitude value in the first spectrum curve can be obtained through fitting of specific results of the first spectrum curve.
As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the regulation signal refers to a driving signal applied to a corresponding qubit in a spectrum experiment, and the spectrum experiment of a qubit refers to applying a continuous regulation signal with frequency fd to a qubit so that the qubit transitions from a ground state to an excited state, and applying a read pulse signal to the qubit after the regulation signal ends to obtain a variation relationship of the excited state distribution probability P1 (fd) of the qubit with the frequency fd of the regulation signal. When the frequency fd of the regulating signal is very close to the frequency f0 of the quantum bit, the quantum bit can be effectively excited, so that the excited state distribution probability P1 (fd) of the quantum bit is increased. And when the frequency of the regulating signal is far away from the real frequency of the quantum bit, P1 (fd) approaches 0.
Further, the calibrating the operating frequency of the regulation signal based on the first spectral curve includes:
acquiring a first frequency based on the first frequency spectrum curve, wherein the first frequency is an energy level transition frequency of the quantum bit from the ground state transition excitation to each excitation state;
calibrating the operating frequency of the regulation signal based on the first frequency.
Specifically, the first frequency may be obtained through a frequency corresponding to a resonance peak in the first spectral curve.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the frequency spectrum curve shown in fig. 2 has a larger resonance peak to the right with a frequency that is half the frequency of the transition of the qubit from the |0> state to the |1> state and a smaller resonance peak to the left with a frequency that is half the frequency of the transition of the qubit from the |0> state to the |2> state. When the frequency of the regulating signal resonates with the energy level transition frequency of the quantum bit, the quantum bit is excited to the state of |1>, and the amplitude and the phase of the reading pulse signal of the quantum bit are changed. If we further increase the driving power, the qubit can be excited to a higher energy level, for example to the |2> state, and the smaller resonance peak on the left in fig. 2 shows a transition signal that is a two-photon transition process corresponding to the transition from the |0> state to the |2> state, so that the corresponding frequency is half the frequency at which the qubit transitions from the |0> state to the |2> state. The energy level transition frequency at which the quantum state of the qubit transitions from the |0> state to the |1> state may be denoted as f01, the energy level transition frequency at which the quantum state of the qubit transitions from the |0> state to the |2> state may be denoted as f02, the energy level transition frequency at which the quantum state of the qubit transitions from the |0> state to the |3> state may be denoted as f03, and so on. Therefore, the energy level transition frequency (such as f01, f02, f03, etc.) can be obtained by directly or indirectly calculating the frequency corresponding to the resonance peak in the spectrum curve. The first frequency can be selected from f01, f02, f03 and the like, and a person skilled in the art can select the first frequency according to actual needs to calibrate the working frequency of the regulation signal when in actual application, for example, if only two energy levels of quantum bits are needed to be utilized, f01 needs to be known at the moment; if three energy levels of the qubit need to be utilized, f01, f02 and f12 need to be known at this time, wherein f12 can be obtained through calculation of f01 and f 02; there are many other situations, which are not described in detail herein. It will be appreciated that the first frequency is selected based on the number of energy level transitions that the qubit is required to reach for excitation by a transition.
Specifically, the first frequency may be obtained by:
and obtaining the first frequency by using a peak finding function and a Lorend fitting formula for the first frequency spectrum curve.
Further, the calibrating the operating frequency of the regulation signal based on the first frequency includes:
setting the first frequency as the working frequency of the regulating signal.
As can be seen from the precondition of the energy spectrum experiment of the quantum bit, the energy level transition excitation of the quantum bit can be generated only when the working frequency of the regulating signal is very close to the energy level transition frequency of the quantum bit, so that if the first frequency in the first spectrum curve obtained by the energy spectrum experiment is directly set as the working frequency of the regulating signal, the quantum bit is inevitably excited to a corresponding excited state by the ground state transition.
Although we can obtain two resonance peaks through the spectrum curve shown in fig. 2, we can only know that the frequency values corresponding to the two resonance peaks are respectively in the range of 5250-5500MHz and 5500-5750MHz, and cannot obtain a more accurate first frequency value through fig. 2, so that the working frequency of the regulation and control signal cannot be accurately calibrated. Therefore, the frequency value range corresponding to the two resonance peaks needs to be reduced, and the frequency scanning range of the regulating signal can be reduced according to the frequency value range corresponding to the current two resonance peaks, so that the frequency spectrum curve containing the two resonance peaks can be amplified. The frequency scanning range of the regulating signal can be adjusted from the initial [4000MHz,6000MHz ] to [5100MHz,5800MHz ], so that the adjusted spectrum curve is shown in figure 3 after the energy spectrum experiment is continued. Similar to fig. 2, the upper curve in fig. 3 is the untreated spectrum, and the lower curve is the fitted spectrum. Compared with fig. 2, the size range of the two resonance peaks can be clearly seen in fig. 3, so that the accuracy of the value of the first frequency is improved, and the accuracy of the working frequency of the regulating signal is further improved. It is noted that at this point we have acquired a range value about the first frequency, and if the accuracy requirement has been met at this point, the calibration method for the current qubit regulation signal can end up here. If the accuracy is not satisfactory, then a fine scan is required.
Further, in order to obtain the working parameters of the higher-precision regulation and control signals, the higher-precision parameters can be further obtained iteratively based on the previously obtained energy spectrum experiment results. For the working frequency of the regulation and control signal, the working frequency of the regulation and control signal can be iteratively updated according to the frequency corresponding to the resonance peak in the acquired frequency spectrum curve until the precision requirement is met.
Or different precision application scenes can be met by adjusting the first preset condition.
And carrying out a quantum bit energy spectrum experiment by adjusting the working power of the regulation signal, so that the width of a resonance peak in the obtained first frequency spectrum curve falls into a preset range, thereby obtaining the frequency corresponding to the resonance peak in the first frequency spectrum curve, namely a first frequency, and setting the first frequency as the working frequency of the regulation signal.
Based on the calibration method of the qubit regulation signal in the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present application provides a calibration device of the qubit regulation signal.
In this embodiment, the regulation signal is used to adjust the qubit to be in different quantum states, and the calibration device comprises:
the first processing module is configured to adjust the power of the regulation signal, apply the adjusted regulation signal to the qubit so as to enable a first spectrum curve of the qubit to meet a first preset condition, and determine that the power corresponding to the regulation signal is the working power of the regulation signal when the first spectrum curve of the qubit meets the first preset condition;
a second processing module configured to calibrate an operating frequency of the regulation signal based on the first spectral curve.
It will be appreciated that, as shown in fig. 4, the first processing module 10 and the second processing module 20 may be combined and implemented in one apparatus, or any one of the modules may be split into a plurality of sub-modules, or at least part of the functions of one or more of the first processing module 10 and the second processing module 20 may be combined with at least part of the functions of the other modules and implemented in one functional module. According to embodiments of the present application, at least one of the first processing module 10 and the second processing module 20 may be implemented at least in part as hardware circuitry, such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Programmable Logic Array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or any other reasonable way of integrating or packaging circuitry, or in hardware or firmware, or in a suitable combination of three implementations of software, hardware, and firmware. Alternatively, at least one of the first processing module 10 and the second processing module 20 may be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, which when executed by a computer, may perform the functions of the respective module.
Based on the calibration method of the qubit regulation signal in the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium.
In this embodiment, a readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of calibrating a qubit regulation signal of the above-described embodiment.
It should be noted that the readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions for use by an instruction execution device, such as, but not limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium would include the following: portable computer disks, hard disks, random Access Memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Disks (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical coding devices, punch cards or in-groove structures such as punch cards or grooves having instructions stored thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. The computer program described herein may be downloaded from a readable storage medium to a respective computing/processing device or to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and/or a wireless network. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmissions, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers. The network interface card or network interface in each computing/processing device receives the computer program from the network and forwards the computer program for storage in a readable storage medium in the respective computing/processing device. Computer programs for carrying out operations of the present invention may be assembly instructions, instruction Set Architecture (ISA) instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, c++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The computer program may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, aspects of the present invention are implemented by personalizing electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuits, field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or Programmable Logic Arrays (PLAs), with state information for a computer program, which can execute computer-readable program instructions.
It is to be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," or "particular examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments. Further, one skilled in the art can engage and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application in any way. Any person skilled in the art may make any equivalent replacement or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the application within the scope of the technical solution without departing from the application, and all the technical solution without departing from the application is still within the protection scope of the application.
Claims (11)
1. A method of calibrating a qubit manipulation signal, the manipulation signal being used to manipulate a qubit into different quantum states, the method comprising:
adjusting the power of the regulation signal, and applying the adjusted regulation signal to the quantum bit to enable a first spectrum curve of the quantum bit to conform to a first preset condition, determining that the power corresponding to the regulation signal is the working power of the regulation signal when the first spectrum curve of the quantum bit conforms to the first preset condition, wherein the setting of the first preset condition is based on the fact that a resonance peak exists in the first spectrum curve, and the resonance peak in the first spectrum curve is not annihilated in noise floor jitter of the first spectrum curve;
acquiring a first frequency based on the first spectrum curve, wherein the first frequency is an energy level transition frequency of the quantum bit from a ground state to each excited state; calibrating the operating frequency of the regulation signal based on the first frequency.
2. The method of calibrating a qubit regulation signal according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting the power of the regulation signal, applying the adjusted regulation signal to the qubit to cause a first spectral profile of the qubit to meet a first preset condition, comprises:
applying the regulation and control signal of the first power to the quantum bit, obtaining a first spectrum curve of the quantum bit, and judging whether the first spectrum curve accords with the first preset condition;
if yes, setting the first power as working power;
if not, the value of the first power is adjusted, the regulation signal for applying the first power to the quantum bit is returned, a first spectrum curve of the quantum bit is obtained, and whether the first spectrum curve meets a first preset condition is judged.
3. The method of calibrating a qubit regulation signal of claim 2, wherein the first preset condition comprises:
and the difference value between the maximum value of the amplitude in the first frequency spectrum curve and the average value of the amplitude is more than or equal to 10% of the average value of the amplitude.
4. The method of calibrating a qubit regulation signal of claim 2, wherein the adjusting the value of the first power comprises:
and increasing the value of the first power according to a first preset step size.
5. The method of calibrating a qubit regulation signal of claim 4 wherein the first preset step size is 5dB.
6. The method of calibrating a qubit regulation signal of claim 1, wherein obtaining a first frequency based on the first spectral curve comprises:
and acquiring the first frequency through the frequency corresponding to the resonance peak in the first frequency spectrum curve.
7. The method of calibrating a qubit regulation signal of claim 1, wherein the calibrating the operating frequency of the regulation signal based on the first frequency comprises:
setting the first frequency as the working frequency of the regulating signal.
8. A calibration device for a qubit regulation signal, wherein the regulation signal is used to regulate a qubit to be in different quantum states, the calibration device comprising:
the first processing module is configured to adjust the power of the regulation signal, apply the adjusted regulation signal to the qubit so that a first spectrum curve of the qubit accords with a first preset condition, determine that the power corresponding to the regulation signal is the working power of the regulation signal when the first spectrum curve of the qubit accords with the first preset condition, and set the first preset condition according to the fact that a resonance peak exists in the first spectrum curve and the resonance peak in the first spectrum curve is not annihilated in noise floor jitter of the first spectrum curve;
a second processing module configured to obtain a first frequency based on the first spectral curve, wherein the first frequency is an energy level transition frequency at which the qubit transitions from a ground state to respective excited states; calibrating the operating frequency of the regulation signal based on the first frequency.
9. A quantum measurement and control system characterized by a calibration method using a qubit regulation signal according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or by a calibration device comprising a qubit regulation signal according to claim 8.
10. A quantum computer comprising the quantum measurement and control system of claim 9.
11. A readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor is capable of implementing the method of calibrating a qubit regulation signal according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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