CN115566226A - Gas supply circulation system for fuel cell and control method - Google Patents

Gas supply circulation system for fuel cell and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115566226A
CN115566226A CN202211025453.0A CN202211025453A CN115566226A CN 115566226 A CN115566226 A CN 115566226A CN 202211025453 A CN202211025453 A CN 202211025453A CN 115566226 A CN115566226 A CN 115566226A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
ejector
gas
consumption
circulation system
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CN202211025453.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
朱文若
齐济
安灿灿
王绍成
马菡
王晓月
胡朝阳
吴绍伟
孙凤焕
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Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute
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Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute
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Priority to CN202211025453.0A priority Critical patent/CN115566226A/en
Publication of CN115566226A publication Critical patent/CN115566226A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

The application relates to the field of fuel cells, and particularly discloses a gas supply circulation system, which comprises: the device comprises a fuel cell, a target gas source, a pressure regulating valve, an ejector and a switch valve; when the consumption of the galvanic pile of the fuel cell is larger than the working flow of the ejector, the switch valve is opened, the target gas exhausted by the fuel cell enters the ejector through the ejection inlet and is mixed with the target gas input by the working inlet, and the mixed target gas is output to the fuel cell through the ejector outlet. The scheme provided by the application can ensure that the gas circulation amount is not less than the excessive circulating hydrogen required by the galvanic pile in the relatively large-range operation working condition.

Description

Gas supply circulation system for fuel cell and control method
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and more particularly, to a gas supply circulation system for a fuel cell and a control method thereof.
Background
Within the fuel cell, an electrochemical reaction occurs in which hydrogen and oxygen react to form water. Hydrogen gas, as a fuel for a fuel cell system, needs to be delivered safely and efficiently to a fuel cell stack at a certain pressure, humidity, and excess factor. To reduce the overpotential for the fuel cell reaction, hydrogen gas needs to be supplied in excess. In order to improve the utilization rate of hydrogen, a common scheme is to establish a hydrogen recirculation system to send unreacted hydrogen at the outlet of the electric pile ejector to the inlet after gas-water separation to be mixed with the main gas path for reuse, so that the effects of hydrogen circulation and inlet hydrogen humidification are achieved. The more common recycling systems include: single circulating pump system, single ejector system.
The single cycle pump system increases the consumption of larger auxiliary systems and reduces the efficiency of the system. Along with the increase of the power grade of the system, the difficulty in developing a large-flow, oil-free and high-efficiency hydrogen circulating pump is increased.
The ejector has no moving parts, has better mechanical stability and has incomparable advantages in volume and weight compared with a mechanical pump. The single ejector system is connected with the front-end pressure regulating valve in series, and the hydrogen consumption and the hydrogen return amount of the galvanic pile at different powers are adapted by regulating the front-end pressure. Although the system does not need to additionally consume system energy, the working range of the ejector is too narrow, the ejector cannot adapt to the full operating condition of the galvanic pile, the adaptability to the variable load of the galvanic pile is weak, and the working range of the ejector is limited particularly in a low-power area. Therefore, when the fuel cell is started or stopped and the load of the single ejector system is changed, the working stability of the single ejector system is difficult to guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a gas supply circulation system for a fuel cell and a control method thereof, aiming at providing hydrogen supply with stable pressure and excessive circulating hydrogen which is not less than the requirements of a galvanic pile for a hydrogen path of the fuel cell. The hydrogen supply circulation system provided by the application can be suitable for a relatively large range of operation conditions.
In a first aspect, there is provided a gas supply circulation system comprising:
a fuel cell;
a target gas source for supplying a target gas to the fuel cell;
the pressure regulating valve and the ejector are connected in parallel between the fuel cell and the target gas source;
the ejector comprises a working inlet, an ejector inlet and an ejector outlet, the working inlet is connected with the target gas source, target gas exhausted by the fuel cell enters the ejector through the ejector inlet and is mixed with the target gas input by the working inlet, and the mixed target gas is output to the fuel cell through the ejector outlet.
Compared with the prior art, the scheme provided by the application at least comprises the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the ejector runs under stable working pressure, so that the stable and efficient working capacity of working fluid of the ejector is ensured, circulating gas which is not less than the requirement can be provided for the galvanic pile in a target range, the flexibility of the pressure regulating valve in the running process is high, the pressure of the inlet of the galvanic pile is ensured while the consumption of the galvanic pile is provided together with the working fluid of the ejector, the hydrogen pressure flow fluctuation under low working condition and variable load is avoided, and the gas supply stability of a gas supply circulating system is strong; 2. the gas supply circulation system has the advantages of simple design requirement, small volume and mass of a high-pressure constant-flow injection scheme, no auxiliary system power consumption, simple control mode and realization of the effect superior to the existing gas supply circulation system on the premise of basically not increasing new devices.
With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the gas supply circulation system further includes:
and the switch valve is connected between the target gas source and the working inlet of the ejector, and is opened when the consumption of the fuel cell stack is greater than the working flow of the ejector.
The switch valve can flexibly adjust the gas supply mode of the gas supply circulation system, so that the gas supply circulation system can supply hydrogen for the fuel cell under the low working condition.
With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the switch valve is opened when a difference between a stack consumption of the fuel cell and an operating flow of the ejector is greater than or equal to a minimum flow regulating value of the pressure regulating valve.
When the consumption of the fuel cell stack is gradually increased from the critical value, the adjusting range of the pressure adjusting valve is larger than the minimum flow adjusting value; when the consumption of the fuel cell stack is gradually reduced from the critical value, the switch valve is closed, and the adjusting range of the pressure adjusting valve can be larger than the minimum flow adjusting value. High-precision flow regulation can be achieved.
With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, when Q Consumption of ＞1.1Q P ～1.2Q P When the switch is turned on, wherein Q Consumption of Is the stack consumption, Q, of the fuel cell P Is the working flow of the ejector.
When the consumption of the fuel cell stack is slightly larger than the working flow of the ejector, the minimum flow regulating value of the pressure regulating valve can be effectively avoided, the available working condition of the ejector is favorably improved, and the hydrogen circulation efficiency is improved.
With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the gas supply circulation system further includes a gas-water separator connected between the fuel cell and the bleed inlet;
when the switch valve is opened, the gas-water separator is used for separating target gas from the fuel cell and inputting the target gas to the injection inlet;
when the switch valve is switched off, the gas-water separator is also used for exhausting gas from the fuel cell.
The working state of the gas-water separator can be matched with that of the ejector, so that excessive hydrogen discharged by the fuel cell can be safely and stably discharged and circulated, and the gas supply circulation system can stably work.
With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the gas supply circulation system further includes a gas pump, an inlet of the gas pump is connected to the ejector inlet, an outlet of the gas pump is connected to the ejector outlet, and the target gas discharged by the fuel cell is further circulated to the fuel cell by the gas pump.
Because the ejector has relatively limited ejection capacity, the air pump can provide supplementary circulation capacity for the ejector under the condition that the requirement on the hydrogen excess coefficient is relatively large, and the air pump can provide air flow and supplement the ejection capacity of the ejector on the basis of not changing the working state of the ejector. Therefore, the design requirement of the ejector can be relatively reduced. Because the ejector and the air pump work cooperatively, an air pump with relatively low power can be selected, and relatively low energy consumption is favorably maintained.
With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the target gas is hydrogen or oxygen.
In a second aspect, there is provided a control method for a gas supply circulation system, the control method being applied to the gas supply circulation system as described in any one of the implementations of the first aspect above; the control method comprises the following steps: when the consumption of the fuel cell stack is smaller than the working flow of the ejector, controlling the switch valve to be closed;
and when the consumption of the galvanic pile of the fuel cell is more than the working flow of the ejector, controlling the opening and closing valve to open.
With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the controlling the switch valve to open when stack consumption of the fuel cell is greater than an operating flow of the ejector includes:
and when the loading current of the galvanic pile is greater than a target current value, controlling the switch valve to open, wherein the target current value corresponds to the working flow of the ejector.
The fuel cell stack consumption is determined by monitoring the stack loading current of the fuel cell, which is beneficial to simplifying the signal detection work of the gas supply circulation system.
With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the gas supply circulation system further includes a pressure sensor for detecting an outlet side pressure of the pressure regulating valve; the control method further comprises the following steps:
and when the outlet side pressure is different from a target pressure, adjusting the flow of the pressure regulating valve, wherein the target pressure corresponds to the current consumption of the fuel cell stack.
By changing the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve, the target gas (e.g., hydrogen, oxygen) of an appropriate content can be supplied to the fuel cell.
In a third aspect, a controller is provided, where the controller is configured to execute the control method according to any one of the implementation manners of the second aspect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas supply circulation system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ejector according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another gas supply circulation system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another gas supply circulation system provided in the embodiments of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another gas supply circulation system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of a gas supply circulation system according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart illustrating the operation of a gas supply cycle system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the application discloses gas supply circulation system, refer to fig. 1, including hydrogen source, one-level relief pressure valve, pressure regulating valve, ejector, fuel cell.
The hydrogen source may supply hydrogen to the fuel cell to provide the fuel cell stack with the required hydrogen consumption. The pressure regulating valve and the ejector are connected in parallel between the fuel cell and the hydrogen source. After flowing out from the hydrogen source, the hydrogen is decompressed by the primary pressure reducing valve and respectively enters the pressure regulating valve branch, the electromagnetic valve and the ejector branch. As shown in FIG. 1, the outlet side of the primary pressure reducing valve may be provided with a pressure sensor P 0 . The primary pressure reducing valve can be used for reducing the pressure of a hydrogen source, and the pressure values of the pressure regulating valve and the front end of the ejector are guaranteed to be constant.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ejector provided in an embodiment of the present application. With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the ejector includes a working inlet, an ejector inlet, and an ejector outlet.
The working inlet may be connected to a source of hydrogen. Hydrogen from the hydrogen source may enter the eductor through the operational inlet of the eductor and be output to the fuel cell from the eductor outlet of the eductor. Excess hydrogen offgas from the fuel cell may be recycled through the ejector. Excess hydrogen from the fuel cell may enter the eductor through the eductor inlet. The hydrogen gas input from the bleed inlet may be mixed with the hydrogen gas input from the working inlet. The hydrogen mixed by the two can be output to the fuel cell through the outlet of the ejector. Thereby ensuring an excess factor of hydrogen circulation required by the stack.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the gas supply circulation system may further include an on-off valve. The switch valve is connected between the target gas source and the working inlet of the ejector. The on-off valve may be used to control whether the eductor is supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell. When the fuel cell stack consumption is relativeWhen the amount of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell is small, the pressure regulating valve is supplied in an amount sufficient to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell. The on-off valve may be opened at this time, thereby controlling the ejector not to supply hydrogen gas to the fuel cell. As shown in FIG. 1, the outlet side of the pressure regulating valve may be provided with a pressure sensor P 1 . The inlet pressure corresponding to the operation condition of the fuel cell is set as the target pressure, and the outlet side pressure of the pressure sensor is controlled to be consistent with the target pressure, so that the opening of the pressure regulating valve can be regulated, and the hydrogen supply quantity on the inlet side of the fuel cell is ensured.
When the stack consumption of the fuel cell is relatively large, the amount of hydrogen required by the fuel cell gradually approaches the maximum supply capacity of the pressure regulating valve. The switch valve can be opened at the moment, so that the ejector is controlled to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell. Hydrogen from the hydrogen source may enter the eductor through the operational inlet of the eductor and be output to the fuel cell from the eductor outlet of the eductor. Excess hydrogen off-gas from the fuel cell may be recycled through the ejector. The excessive hydrogen at the outlet of the fuel cell is driven by the high-pressure hydrogen flow at the working inlet, and the excessive hydrogen discharged by the fuel cell can enter the ejector through the ejection inlet. The hydrogen gas input from the bleed inlet may be mixed with the hydrogen gas input from the working inlet. The hydrogen mixed by the two can be output to the fuel cell through the outlet of the ejector. Thereby ensuring an excess factor of hydrogen circulation required by the stack. In some embodiments, the on-off valve may be a solenoid valve.
In some embodiments provided herein, the on-off valve may be opened when stack consumption of the fuel cell is greater than an operational flow rate of the eductor. The principle of opening the on-off valve is described below. The stack consumption may generally correspond to the stack loading current of the fuel cell. The greater the stack consumption, the higher the stack loading current of the fuel cell. When the consumption of the galvanic pile is small, the hydrogen quantity required by the fuel cell is small, the working flow of the ejector exceeds the consumption of the galvanic pile, and the switch valve is closed at the moment. The flow rate at which the pressure regulating valve is opened can be controlled by controlling the outlet-side pressure of the pressure regulating valve.
And when the required hydrogen flow exceeds the minimum flow which is larger than the working flow of the ejector and larger than the regulating flow range of the pressure regulating valve, the switch valve is opened, and the ejector and the pressure regulating valve can cooperate to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell. Because the pressure at the working inlet side of the ejector can be kept constant through the primary pressure reducing valve, the flow speed of the nozzle throat part of the ejector can reach the critical speed in the full-operation working condition, the working flow of the ejector is constant, and constant partial consumption is provided for the galvanic pile. The ejector can provide the ejection flow corresponding to the hydrogen excess coefficient which is not less than the electric pile in the operation range of the ejector. When the stack consumption of the fuel cell is at a relatively medium level, the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve can be relatively small, and hydrogen required by the fuel cell can be mainly provided by the ejector. Along with the gradual increase of the consumption of the fuel cell stack, the opening of the pressure regulating valve can be gradually increased due to the relatively limited working flow of the ejector so as to meet the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell.
In theory, the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve can be adjusted from zero. In practice, however, the regulation accuracy of pressure regulating valves, in particular pressure regulating valves with relatively high operating pressures, is relatively poor around zero. In some embodiments, the control switch valve is opened when a difference between a stack consumption of the fuel cell and an operating flow of the ejector is greater than or equal to a minimum flow regulating value of the pressure regulating valve. Therefore, when the consumption of the fuel cell stack continues to increase, the adjusting range of the pressure adjusting valve is larger than the minimum flow adjusting value; when the fuel cell stack consumption continues to decrease, the switching valve is closed, and the adjustment range of the pressure regulating valve may also be greater than the minimum flow adjustment value. Thus, high-precision flow rate adjustment can be achieved. In one possible case, the minimum flow rate setting value of the pressure regulating valve can be adapted to the operating flow rate capability of the ejector. When Q is consumed > 1.1Q P ～1.2Q P When the fuel cell is started, the switch valve is opened, wherein the consumption of Q is the consumption of the fuel cell stack, and Q P The working flow of the ejector. In this case, the pressure control valve should provide a pressure of not less than 0.1Q to the fuel cell P ～0.2Q P The consumption exceeds the lowest flow value in the adjustable range of the pressure controller, and the control precision of the pressure controller is ensured.
In some embodiments provided herein, the gas supply circulation system may include a controller, and the gas supply circulation system may control opening and closing of the on-off valve by the controller.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the gas supply circulation system may also include a gas-water separator. A gas-water separator may be connected between the fuel cell and the bleed inlet. When the switch valve is opened, the gas-water separator can perform gas-water separation on the hydrogen with water humidity discharged by the fuel cell, and the separated hydrogen can be injected and circulated by the injector and then enters the fuel cell again. To ensure hydrogen purity, the gas-water separator periodically tails off a small portion of the hydrogen from the fuel cell. When the switch valve is disconnected, the pressure regulating valve can provide excessive hydrogen for the fuel cell, and the hydrogen not consumed by the fuel cell can be discharged to the atmosphere through the tail of the gas-water separator. In the embodiment that this application provided, the operating condition of gas-water separator can with the operating condition adaptation of ejector to make gas supply circulation system can be for fuel cell continuously stable hydrogen supply. In some embodiments, the operating state of the gas-water separator can be regulated by a controller.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of another gas supply circulation system provided in an embodiment of the present application. The gas supply circulation system shown in fig. 3 is similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 1. Unlike the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the embodiment shown in fig. 3 further includes an air pump.
The air pump may be a circulation pump. The air pump can be used in parallel with the ejector. The inlet of the air pump is connected with the injection inlet of the injector, and the outlet of the air pump is connected with the outlet of the injector. The hydrogen discharged from the fuel cell can be circulated to the fuel cell by the ejector or the air pump. That is, the ejector and the gas pump are cooperatively used to achieve hydrogen circulation in the fuel cell.
Because the ejector has relatively limited ejection capacity, the air pump can provide supplementary circulation capacity for the ejector under the condition that the hydrogen excess coefficient is relatively large, the hydrogen circulation amount is increased on the basis of not changing the working state of the ejector, and the available working condition range of the gas supply circulation system is widened. Therefore, the injection coefficient required by the injector of the injector can be relatively reduced, and the working condition adaptive range of the injector is enlarged. Because the ejector and the air pump work cooperatively, an air pump with relatively low power can be selected, and relatively low energy consumption is favorably maintained.
In some embodiments provided herein, the air pump may be further connected in series with the ejector inlet of the ejector. Because the ejector has relatively limited ejection capacity, the pressure difference between the ejection gas outlet and the ejection port is reduced by pressurizing the hydrogen at the fuel cell outlet through the air pump, the operation environment of the ejector is improved, the flow of the ejection inlet is increased, the failure operation range of the ejector is avoided, and the ejector is easier to design.
Fig. 4 and 5 are schematic structural diagrams of two gas supply circulation systems provided in the embodiments of the present application. The gas supply circulation system shown in fig. 4 is similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 1. The gas supply circulation system shown in fig. 5 is similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 3. Unlike the embodiments shown in fig. 1 and 3, the gas source of the embodiments shown in fig. 4 and 5 may be an oxygen source. The gas supply circulation system provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to gas supply circulation systems of hydrogen, oxygen and the like, and can also be applied to gas supply circulation systems of other gases.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of a gas supply circulation system according to an embodiment of the present application. The control method shown in fig. 6 may be applied to the gas supply circulation system shown in fig. 1, 3 to 5.
And 110, when the consumption of the fuel cell stack is less than the working flow of the ejector, controlling the switch valve to be closed.
And 120, controlling the switch valve to open when the consumption of the fuel cell stack is greater than the working flow of the ejector.
In some embodiments, stack consumption of the fuel cell may be determined by monitoring stack loading current of the fuel cell. The stack consumption may generally correspond to the stack loading current. The larger the stack consumption, the higher the stack loading current. The real-time electric pile loading current of the fuel cell is matched with a preset target current value, so that whether the electric pile consumption is larger than the working flow of the ejector or not is judged. When the load current of the galvanic pile is smaller than the target current value, the target current value corresponds to the working flow of the ejector, which means that the consumption of the galvanic pile is smaller than the working flow of the ejector, so that the switching valve can be controlled to be closed, and the pressure regulating valve provides hydrogen for the fuel cell. When the load current of the galvanic pile is larger than the target current value, the target current value corresponds to the working flow of the ejector, which means that the consumption of the galvanic pile is larger than the working flow of the ejector, so that the switching valve can be controlled to be opened, and the pressure regulating valve and the ejector cooperate to provide hydrogen for the fuel cell.
As described above, when the stack consumption amount is increased or decreased, the flow rate of the target gas (e.g., hydrogen, oxygen) supplied to the fuel cell can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve. When the stack consumption of the fuel cell increases, the required target gas flow rate may gradually increase. The pressure value on the outlet side of the pressure regulating valve may have a tendency to decrease if the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve is kept constant. In order to stabilize the gas supply circulation system for supplying the target gas to the fuel cell, a pressure sensor P may be provided on the outlet side of the pressure regulating valve 1 . Setting the target pressure of the pressure regulating valve as the inlet pressure of the fuel cell corresponding to the working condition of the current consumption when the pressure sensor P 1 And when the detected pressure value is inconsistent with the target pressure value, the pressure sensor adjusts the opening of the valve to adjust the value P1 until the value P1 approaches the target pressure.
The control flow of the gas supply circulation system provided by the embodiment of the present application operating in the full operating range is described below with reference to fig. 7.
1. In the initial state of the system, the primary pressure reducing valve is closed, the switch valve is closed, and the pressure regulating valve is closed.
2. When a starting command of the fuel cell is sent, the primary pressure reducing valve is adjusted to the pressure sensor P 0 Displayed as a set point.
3. The electric pile runs at an idle speed, and the controller obtains the electric pileTarget pressure P of hydrogen required for front conditions Target = target pressure, the switch valve is closed, and the exhaust valve in the gas-water separator is opened.
4. In the loading process of the galvanic pile, the controller obtains the hydrogen target pressure P required by the current working condition of the galvanic pile Target = target pressure. When the current loaded by the galvanic pile is less than I 1 Time (corresponding to the stack consumption Q) Consumption of ≤1.1-1.2Q P ) And the switch valve is closed, the exhaust valve in the gas-water separator is opened, and the hydrogen excess coefficient is provided for the galvanic pile through long exhaust. Pressure regulating valve determination P 1 = target pressure, regulating valve opening adjustment P 1 Stable to ensure stack consumption, at which time pressure is supplied to valve flow Q Pressure control valve ＝Q Consumption of + exhaust valve displacement. When the current loaded by the electric pile is larger than I 1 Time (corresponding to the consumption Q of the galvanic pile) Consumption of ＞1.1-1.2Q P ) And the switch valve is opened. At the moment, the ejector loop is opened, and the design value of the flow of the working fluid of the ejector is Q p (ii) a Pressure regulating valve determination P 1 = target pressure, regulating valve opening adjustment P 1 Stable to ensure the consumption of the galvanic pile, and the flow is Q Pressure control valve ＝Q Consumption of -Q p . The exhaust gas in the gas-water separator is discharged at fixed time, and the purity of the hydrogen is ensured.
5. In the load shedding process of the galvanic pile, the controller acquires the hydrogen target pressure required by the current working condition of the galvanic pile Target = target pressure. Step-by-step reduction of the loading current to less than I 1 Time (corresponding to the stack consumption Q) Consumption of ≤1.1-1.2Q P ) And the switch valve is closed, the exhaust valve in the gas-water separator is opened, and the hydrogen excess coefficient is provided for the galvanic pile through long exhaust.
6. And sending a fuel cell stop command, fully closing the primary pressure reducing valve, setting the target pressure of the pressure regulating valve to be 0, closing the pressure regulating valve, closing the switch valve, and closing the exhaust valve.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a controller, which may store codes so that the controller is configured to execute the control method shown in fig. 6.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that: 1. the ejector runs under stable working pressure, so that the stable and efficient working capacity of working fluid of the ejector is ensured, circulating gas which is not less than the requirement can be provided for the galvanic pile in a target range, the flexibility of the pressure regulating valve in the running process is high, the pressure of the inlet of the galvanic pile is ensured while the consumption of the galvanic pile is provided together with the working fluid of the ejector, the hydrogen pressure flow fluctuation under low working condition and variable load is avoided, and the gas supply stability of a gas supply circulating system is strong; 2. the gas supply circulation system has the advantages of simple design requirement, small volume and mass of a high-pressure constant-flow injection scheme, no auxiliary system power consumption, simple control mode and realization of the effect superior to the existing gas supply circulation system on the premise of basically not increasing a new device.
Although the present application has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, therefore, the scope of the present application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (11)

1. A gas supply circulation system, comprising:
a fuel cell;
a target gas source for supplying a target gas to the fuel cell;
the pressure regulating valve and the ejector are connected in parallel between the fuel cell and the target gas source;
the ejector comprises a working inlet, an ejector inlet and an ejector outlet, the working inlet is connected with the target gas source, target gas exhausted by the fuel cell enters the ejector through the ejector inlet and is mixed with the target gas input by the working inlet, and the mixed target gas is output to the fuel cell through the ejector outlet.
2. The gas supply circulation system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the switching valve is connected between the target gas source and the working inlet of the ejector, and is opened when the consumption of the fuel cell stack is greater than the working flow of the ejector.
3. The gas supply circulation system according to claim 2, wherein the switching valve is opened when a difference between a stack consumption amount of the fuel cell and an operation flow amount of the ejector is greater than or equal to a minimum flow adjustment value of the pressure adjustment valve.
4. The gas supply circulation system of claim 3, wherein Q is measured as Consumption of ＞1.1Q P ～1.2Q P When the switch is turned on, Q is turned off Consumption of Is the stack consumption of the fuel cell, Q P The working flow of the ejector.
5. The gas supply circulation system of any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising a gas-water separator connected between the fuel cell and the bleed inlet;
when the switch valve is opened, the gas-water separator is used for separating target gas from the fuel cell and inputting the target gas to the injection inlet;
when the switch valve is switched off, the gas-water separator is also used for exhausting gas from the fuel cell.
6. The gas supply circulation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a gas pump, an inlet of the gas pump being connected to the ejector inlet, an outlet of the gas pump being connected to the ejector outlet, the target gas discharged from the fuel cell being further circulated to the fuel cell by the gas pump.
7. The gas supply circulation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the target gas is hydrogen or oxygen.
8. A control method of a gas supply circulation system, characterized in that the control method is applied to the gas supply circulation system according to any one of claims 2 to 5; the control method comprises the following steps:
when the consumption of the fuel cell stack is smaller than the working flow of the ejector, controlling the switch valve to be closed;
and when the consumption of the fuel cell stack is greater than the working flow of the ejector, controlling the opening and closing valve to open.
9. The control method according to claim 8, wherein the controlling of the opening and closing valve when the stack consumption of the fuel cell is larger than the operation flow of the ejector includes:
and when the loading current of the galvanic pile is larger than a target current value, controlling the switch valve to be opened, wherein the target current value corresponds to the working flow of the ejector.
10. The control method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the gas supply circulation system further includes a pressure sensor for detecting an outlet-side pressure of the pressure regulating valve;
the control method further comprises the following steps:
and adjusting the flow rate of the pressure regulating valve when the outlet side pressure is different from a target pressure corresponding to the current stack consumption of the fuel cell.
11. A controller characterized in that it is configured to execute the control method according to any one of claims 8 to 10.
CN202211025453.0A 2022-08-25 2022-08-25 Gas supply circulation system for fuel cell and control method Pending CN115566226A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116544465A (en) * 2023-05-22 2023-08-04 清华大学 Control method, system, device, equipment and storage medium of fuel cell
CN116826105A (en) * 2023-08-03 2023-09-29 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 Fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, vehicle and pile protection method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116544465A (en) * 2023-05-22 2023-08-04 清华大学 Control method, system, device, equipment and storage medium of fuel cell
CN116544465B (en) * 2023-05-22 2024-03-12 清华大学 Control method, system, device, equipment and storage medium of fuel cell
CN116826105A (en) * 2023-08-03 2023-09-29 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 Fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, vehicle and pile protection method
CN116826105B (en) * 2023-08-03 2024-02-23 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 Fuel cell hydrogen circulation system, vehicle and pile protection method

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