CN115561095A - Self-adaptive intelligent adjustable pendulum impact test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive intelligent adjustable pendulum impact test device which comprises a modular base frame, a variable hammer head and an intelligent power control system, wherein the modular base frame is connected with the variable hammer head through a connecting rod; the modular foundation frame part consists of upright posts, inclined struts, cross beams, fixed suspensions with hinged points and ground anchor rods; the intelligent power control system part consists of a hammer head height acquisition system, a hammer head transverse displacement control system, a hammer head unhooking controller, a hammer head impact force sensing device and a hammer head acceleration sensing device; the modularized foundation frame can be assembled in a modularized mode according to the ground anchor hole distribution and the test piece size, and test requirements of different scales are met; the shape of the hammer head of the variable hammer head can be freely changed according to point-surface contact, surface-surface contact, multi-point contact and multi-surface contact of an impact position; the mass of the variable hammer head is freely set in a large range and in multiple scales according to the impact energy; the functions of intelligent pulling-up, intelligent shifting, intelligent releasing and digital display of the variable hammer head are realized.

Description

Self-adaptive intelligent adjustable pendulum impact test device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a self-adaptive intelligent adjustable pendulum bob impact test device, and belongs to the field of structural disaster prevention and reduction.

Background

With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the conditions that secondary disasters caused by vehicle impact, ship impact and earthquake impact pier and structural columns are more frequent. The impact test is scientifically and effectively carried out, and the design of anti-collision and anti-collision is very important for obtaining the impact force. The impact damage is a nonlinear dynamic process of a structural system, and according to different impact parameters, a pier (column) can be bent, sheared, punched and even destructively damaged. Corresponding anti-collision test is implemented in the design, through analysis inertia force, moment of flexure, the change situation such as shear force, the reasonable prediction failure mode and impact size verify crashproof structure and crashproof design, avoid the structure to collapse and destroy and have apparent theoretical meaning and engineering practical value.

The drop hammer and pendulum bob impact test device which is widely applied at present has the problems that the test device is inflexible to use, the hammer head quality can not be changed, the energy loss is large, a high-energy full-scale test is difficult to carry out and the like. Therefore, a pendulum bob impact test device which is reasonable in cost, simple and convenient to use and capable of being used for developing a high-energy large-scale is needed to be designed.

Disclosure of Invention

In the impact test of a concrete member or a steel member, a hammer head is usually released from a certain height, and the member is collided at a target impact point after gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. According to the invention, accurate impact under multiple working conditions is effectively realized through the modularized basic frame, the variable hammer head and the intelligent power control system. The invention has the characteristics of flexible assembly, detachability and replacement, variable hammer head (quality and shape), intelligent pendulum bob height adjustment and the like.

Before the test, the modularized foundation frame can be assembled in a modularized mode according to ground anchor hole distribution and test piece size, and test requirements of different scales are met. The shape of the hammer head of the variable hammer head can be freely changed according to point-surface contact, surface-surface contact, multipoint contact and multi-surface contact of an impact position. The mass of the variable hammer head is freely set in a large range and in multiple scales according to the impact energy. In addition, the intelligent power control system can realize multiple functions of intelligent lifting, intelligent displacement, intelligent release, digital display and the like of the variable hammer.

The modularized foundation framework part consists of upright posts 1, inclined struts 2, cross beams, fixed suspensions 5 with hinged nodes and ground anchor rods 12; the cross beam comprises a cross beam I3 and a cross beam II4;

the upright post 1 and the inclined strut 2 are composed of double-web I-shaped steel, and the double-web I-shaped steel is formed by welding steel plates; the upright post 1 and the inclined strut 2 connect the double-web I-shaped steel into different lengths through high-strength bolts, so that the length can be freely changed, and a modular structure is formed; the flange both sides of stand 1 are opened there are equipartition hole 10, realize through equipartition hole 10 that crossbeam I3 not co-altitude is adjusted on stand 1, and the bottom of stand 1 has slant stiffening rib 11 along the welding of quadriversal, is provided with equipartition stiffening rib 13 in the bracing 2 to increase the mechanical strength of bracing 2. The beam I3 connected with the upright post 1 is made of C-shaped steel, and the web plate of the C-shaped steel is also provided with uniform holes 10 corresponding to the flange of the upright post 1; the cross beam II4 connected with the inclined strut 2 is composed of I-shaped steel, and uniformly distributed stiffening ribs 13 are arranged in the cross beam II4 to increase the mechanical strength of the uniformly distributed stiffening ribs 13. The fixed suspension 5 with the hinged nodes is connected with the cross beam I3 through a screw rod 6 and a nut, two bolts 7 are arranged below the fixed suspension 5 with the hinged nodes, and the two bolts 7 are connected with two unidirectional hinged node hanging rings 8. The ground anchor rod 12 comprises an anchor rod and an anchor, and the bottom of the upright post 1 is connected with a ground anchor hole through the ground anchor rod 12, so that the whole modular foundation frame part is fixedly connected with the ground. And the parts are connected by bolts except the welding between the cross beam II4 and the inclined strut 2.

The variable hammer head part is connected with a one-way hinged node hanging ring 8 of a fixed suspension 5 with hinged nodes at the upper part through an iron chain 14, a steel box body 15 is hung below the iron chain, a high-strength steel plate 23 is arranged at the front part of the steel box body 15, and high-strength steel plates with common thickness are arranged at the rest parts.

The front part of the steel box body 15 is provided with a large-size screw 18 with screw threads, and the large-size screw 18 is mechanically connected with a plane hammer 19 and a spherical hammer 20.

And (4) selecting to be unclosed or closed according to whether the hammer head mass needs to be adjusted in the test process or not above the high-strength steel plate 23 (if the hammer head mass is closed, the top plate of the high-strength steel plate 23 can be installed through bolts, and if the hammer head mass is not closed, the top plate of the high-strength steel plate 23 can be detached through bolts). The front part of the high-strength steel plate 23 is provided with an impact hammer head, and the impact hammer head is mechanically connected with a replaceable plane hammer head 19 and a spherical hammer head 20 through a screw thread of a large-size screw 18 according to different requirements; the inner bottom of the steel box body 15 is welded with evenly arranged fixed screw rods 16, and weight blocks 17 penetrate through the screw rods 6 and then are fixed through nuts. An instrument box is fixed on the side surface of the steel box body 15.

The intelligent power control system part comprises a hammer head height acquisition system (a swing angle control system), a hammer head transverse displacement control system, a hammer head unhooking controller, a hammer head impact force sensing device, a hammer head acceleration sensing device and the like.

The hammer head height acquisition system consists of a vertical displacement sensor 21, an accelerometer 22, a small computer and an intelligent display 32; the displacement sensor 21 is connected with the accelerometer 22, the accelerometer 22 is designed into a tumbler type with the gravity center at the bottom, a rotating shaft is arranged at the joint of the accelerometer 22 and the steel box body 15, so that the gravity center of the tumbler structure is always vertically downward, and the displacement sensor 21 emits vertically downward laser to measure the vertical displacement from the ground to the variable hammer head part; the vertical displacement is transmitted to a small computer to calculate the swing angle, the swing angle is displayed in real time through the intelligent display 32, and the intelligent display 32 is installed on the stand column 1 through bolts. The acceleration measured by accelerometer 22 is measured by the amount of yaw angle, and the vertical and horizontal components can be calculated for numerical calculations.

The hammer transverse displacement control system comprises a mechanical gear moving device 9, a handle is arranged on the mechanical gear moving device 9, and the handle controls the mechanical gear moving device 9 to displace. The rest part is connected with the steel box body 15 through a connecting ring 24, one end of the other part is connected with an instantaneous release hook 25, and the instantaneous release hook 25 is provided with a safety plug 26 to complete load instantaneous release. The instantaneous release hook 25 is connected with a bottom motor 31 through a fixed pulley 27, the fixed pulley is erected on a fixed tripod 29, the fixed tripod 29 is arranged at the middle position of the beam I3 and can also move transversely through a gear transverse moving device, and the bottom motor can automatically move by matching with the fixed pulley. The hammer head impact force and acceleration sensing device is a wireless sensing device, is arranged in the variable hammer head and is used for recording the impact force and acceleration response of the hammer head in real time.

And a wireless load sensor is arranged in the impact hammer head 19/20, the load of the impact hammer head is recorded by the wireless load sensor, and the load is transmitted to an intelligent power control system.

Furthermore, the assembly size of the foundation frame can be adjusted according to the field and the test requirements through the bolt connecting parts. The fixed suspension device with the hinged point can also switch the position of the suspension point by adjusting the position of the lead screw so as to adapt to test pieces with different sizes.

Further, the variable hammerhead portion achieves different mass changes by changing the number of weight blocks, but it is noted that the weight blocks must be symmetrically arranged to ensure that the center of gravity is located in the middle.

Furthermore, the power lifting part can complete the complete separation of the power lifting part and the variable hammer head part after the instantaneous unhooking handle is buckled, so that the conversion of gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy in the test is realized.

Advantages and effects of the invention

1. The impact of different masses, different speeds and different pendulum shapes can be realized.

2. The assembly is simple, the cost is reasonable, the adjustment can be carried out at any time according to different test scales and different field requirements, and large-scale or even full-scale tests are supported.

3. The operation is intelligent and simple. The height and the swing angle of the hammer height acquisition system can be read visually, the drawing and lifting of the steel box body controlled by the motor can save manpower greatly, and in addition, a displacement meter and an accelerometer on the steel box body can visually measure and record the motion data of the whole process of the pendulum.

4. The whole set of test equipment has enough rigidity and stability and can carry out strong destructive impact tests.

5. Has wide application range. In recent years, impact tests of different structures are greatly increased, and the invention has wide use scenes under the advantages.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overview of the apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a basic frame diagram.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a modular assembly steel structure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a variable hammer head.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a power lift portion.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a node test.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a 45 ° oblique impact test.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a substructure crash test.

Code description in the figure:

1-upright post 2-inclined strut

3-beam I4-beam II

5-fixed suspension with hinged joint 6-screw rod

7-bolt 8-hanging ring

9-mechanical gear moving device 10-uniformly distributed holes

11-oblique stiffeners 12-ground anchors

13-uniformly distributed stiffening ribs 14-iron chain

15-steel box 16-fixed screw rod

17-weight block 18-large screw

19-plane hammer head 20-spherical hammer head

21-displacement sensor 22-acceleration sensor

23-high-strength steel plate 24-connecting ring

25-instantaneous release hook 26-safety bolt

27-fixed pulley 28-gear transverse moving device

29-fixed tripod 30-steel wire rope

31-motor 32-intelligent display

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 6, a steel frame pendulum bob impact test apparatus performs an impact test on a reinforced concrete pier node, and a specific implementation method will be described below.

1) The method comprises the following steps of finishing assembling the stand columns 1 by using high-strength bolts according to preset lengths, hoisting the four steel stand columns 1 to be vertical to the ground, and fastening an anchor rod through an anchor after the anchor rod penetrates through a ground anchor hole. And hoisting the beam I3 and the beam II4 to a preset height, connecting the beams by using bolts, and then connecting the inclined strut 2 with the beam II4 and the upright 1 by welding and bolting respectively. The fixed suspension 5 with the unidirectional hinge point is adjusted to a preset position by using the handle movement, and the assembly of the modular foundation frame part is completed.

2) And hoisting the test piece to a preset position, and fixing the test piece by using an anchor rod. At the moment, the collision between the impact hammer and the test piece must be ensured when the impact hammer reaches the lowest point.

3) The weight block 17 is installed in the steel box body 15, and the appropriate plane hammer head 19 and the appropriate spherical hammer head 20 are selected and installed in the large-size screw 18 at the foremost end of the steel box body 15. The whole is then hoisted to be connected to the upper suspension loop 8 by means of an iron chain 14.

4) The instantaneous release hook 25 is hung and the safety bolt 26 is locked, and the tripod 29 is remotely moved to adjust to the middle position of the fixed suspension 5 of the two unidirectional hinge points. And starting the motor to pull up the steel box body 15, and pulling up the steel box body to a test preset position through the reading of the hammer head height acquisition system and then stopping the steel box body. After the tester and other equipment are ready, the safety plug 26 is pulled remotely to release the load, so as to achieve the purpose of impact.

It is emphasized that all key parts of the device have good assembly performance, and can be calculated and adjusted according to the sizes and the impact directions of different test pieces before the test is started.

Fig. 7 and 8 show schematic diagrams of tests of oblique impact and substructure impact.

The kinetic energy impact, the position impact and the like can be changed according to the mass of different weights 17, the length of different iron chains 14 and different hammer head forms (a plane hammer head 19 and a spherical hammer head 20). The following will be exemplified:

the test requirements are as follows: simulating that 2m on a column pier is impacted by a rolling stone with kinetic energy of 37500J.

Firstly, selecting a hemispherical hammer head which is closer to a rock rolling form according to test requirements, and according to calculation, impacting a weight suspended with 3000kg at the speed of 5m/s to meet the conditions. At the moment, when a 3m long iron chain is selected to swing the swing angle to 54.3 degrees, the horizontal velocity can reach 5m/s when the pendulum bob reaches the lowest point, and the test requirements can be realized.

Further, assembling the foundation frame according to the size of the modular assembling steel structure; the handle control moves the fixed suspension 5 with unidirectional hinge point and the tripod 29 to the proper position matching the specimen size.

Further, a 3000kg weight 17 is fixed in the steel box 15 and connected to the upper fixed suspension 5 by an iron chain 14.

Further, the variable hammer head part is pulled up by starting the handle control motor 31, the reading on the intelligent display 32 is mainly observed at the moment, and the operation is stopped when the swing angle reaches 54.3 degrees and the height reaches 3.25 m.

Further, after the collection equipment stabilizing personnel evacuate, the safety catch 26 is pulled out, and the pendulum bob falls and swings to complete impact.

At this time, the data collected by the displacement sensor 21 and the acceleration sensor 22 can be used to calculate and correct the actual impact kinetic energy. Secondly, the impact force measured by the force sensor can calculate the theoretical deflection, bending moment and the like of the pier, and further carry out deeper research and analysis.

It should be noted that the overall pendulum assembly can be assembled in different sizes to further satisfy the impact test of the substructure consisting of a plurality of nodes (fig. 8).

Claims (7)

1. A self-adaptive intelligent adjustable pendulum impact test device is characterized by comprising a modular base frame, a variable hammer and an intelligent power control system;

the modularized foundation frame part consists of upright posts, inclined struts, cross beams, fixed suspensions with hinged points and ground anchor rods; the cross beam comprises a cross beam I and a cross beam II;

the upright posts and the inclined struts are made of double-web I-shaped steel, and the double-web I-shaped steel is made of steel plates through welding; the two sides of the flange of the upright post are provided with uniformly distributed holes, the adjustment of different heights of the cross beam I on the upright post is realized through the uniformly distributed holes, the bottom of the upright post is welded with oblique stiffening ribs along four directions, and the uniform stiffening ribs are arranged in the oblique braces; the cross beam II connected with the inclined strut is composed of I-shaped steel, and stiffening ribs are uniformly distributed in the cross beam II; the fixed suspension with the hinged point is connected with the cross beam I through a lead screw and a nut, two bolts are arranged below the fixed suspension with the hinged point, and the two bolts are connected with two unidirectional hinged point hanging rings; the bottom of the upright post is connected with a ground anchor hole through a ground anchor rod;

the variable hammer head part is connected with a fixedly suspended one-way hinged node hanging ring with a hinged node at the upper part through an iron chain, a steel box body is hung below the iron chain, and a high-strength thick steel plate is arranged at the front part of the steel box body; the front part of the steel box body is provided with a large-size screw rod with screw threads, and the large-size screw rod is mechanically connected with the plane hammer head and the spherical hammer head; the front part of the high-strength heavy-duty steel plate is provided with an impact hammer head, and the replaceable plane hammer head and the spherical hammer head are mechanically connected through a screw thread of a large-size screw rod according to different requirements; the inner bottom of the steel box body is welded with fixed screw rods which are uniformly distributed, and the weight blocks penetrate through the screw rods and are fixed through nuts; an instrument box is fixed on the side surface of the steel box body;

the intelligent power control system part consists of a hammer head height acquisition system, a hammer head transverse displacement control system, a hammer head unhooking controller, a hammer head impact force sensing device and a hammer head acceleration sensing device;

the hammer head height acquisition system consists of a vertical displacement sensor, an accelerometer, a small computer and an intelligent display; the displacement sensor is connected with an accelerometer, the accelerometer is designed into a tumbler with the gravity center at the bottom, a rotating shaft is arranged at the joint of the accelerometer and the steel box, and the displacement sensor emits vertically downward laser to measure the vertical displacement from the ground to the variable hammer head part; the vertical displacement is transmitted to a small computer to calculate the size of a swing angle, the size of the swing angle is displayed in real time through an intelligent display, and the intelligent display is installed on an upright post through a bolt; the acceleration measured by the accelerometer calculates the components in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction according to the swing angle for numerical calculation;

the hammer head transverse displacement control system comprises a mechanical gear moving device, a handle is arranged on the mechanical gear moving device, and the handle controls the mechanical gear moving device to displace the device; one end of the connecting ring is connected with the steel box body, and the other end of the connecting ring is connected with the instantaneous unhooking, and the instantaneous unhooking is provided with a safety plug to finish the load instantaneous release; the instantaneous unhooking device is characterized in that an instantaneous unhooking device is connected with a bottom motor through a fixed pulley, the fixed pulley is erected on a fixed tripod, the fixed tripod is arranged in the middle of a cross beam I, and the bottom motor is matched with the fixed pulley to automatically move; the hammer head impact force and acceleration sensing devices are wireless sensing devices, are arranged in the variable hammer head and are used for recording the impact force and acceleration response of the hammer head in real time;

the wireless load sensor is arranged in the impact hammer head, the load of the impact hammer head is recorded through the wireless load sensor, and the load is transmitted to the intelligent power control system.

2. The self-adaptive intelligent adjustable pendulum impact test device according to claim 1, wherein the stand column and the diagonal brace connect double-web I-shaped steel into different lengths through high-strength bolts, so that the length is freely changed, and a modular structure is formed; the beam I connected with the upright post is made of C-shaped steel, and the web of the C-shaped steel is also provided with uniform holes corresponding to the flanges of the upright post.

3. The adaptive intelligent adjustable pendulum impact test device according to claim 1, wherein the top of the high-strength steel plate is selected to be not closed or closed according to whether the mass of the hammer needs to be adjusted during the test process.

4. The adaptive intelligent adjustable pendulum impact test device according to claim 1, wherein the assembly size of the base frame is adjusted by bolt connection parts according to field and test requirements; the fixed suspension device with the hinged point switches the position of the suspension point by adjusting the position of the lead screw so as to adapt to test pieces with different sizes.

5. The device for testing impact of the adaptive intelligent adjustable pendulum bob as claimed in claim 1, wherein the variable hammer head part realizes different mass changes by changing the number of the weight blocks, and the weight blocks are symmetrically arranged to ensure that the center of gravity is located at the middle part.

6. The device for testing impact of the adaptive intelligent adjustable pendulum hammer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the complete separation of the power lifting part and the variable hammer head part is completed after the power lifting part is buckled with the instantaneous unhooking handle, so that the conversion of gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy in the test is realized.

7. The adaptive intelligent adjustable pendulum bob impact test device according to claim 1, wherein the modular foundation frame can be modularly assembled according to ground anchor hole distribution and test piece size, so as to meet test requirements of different scales; the shape of the hammer head of the variable hammer head can be freely changed according to point-surface contact, surface-surface contact, multipoint contact and multi-surface contact of an impact position; the mass of the variable hammer head is freely set in a large range and in multiple scales according to the impact energy; the intelligent power control system can realize the functions of intelligent pulling-up, intelligent displacement, intelligent release and digital display of the variable hammer.

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