CN107884262B - Punching, shearing and fatigue failure test device for reinforced concrete floor slab under fire - Google Patents
Punching, shearing and fatigue failure test device for reinforced concrete floor slab under fire Download PDFInfo
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- CN107884262B CN107884262B CN201711024791.1A CN201711024791A CN107884262B CN 107884262 B CN107884262 B CN 107884262B CN 201711024791 A CN201711024791 A CN 201711024791A CN 107884262 B CN107884262 B CN 107884262B
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Abstract
The utility model provides a die-cut, shearing and fatigue failure test device of reinforced concrete floor under conflagration, includes steel frame system, test board and test stove, and the test board is placed on the test stove, and the steel frame system arranges in the test stove periphery, still is equipped with shearing mechanism, die-cut device and fatigue load device between steel frame system and test board, and shearing mechanism arranges the horizontal direction at the test board, and die-cut device is installed at the middle part of the vertical direction of test board, and the fatigue load device sets up on test board upper portion. The invention can research the punching, shearing and fatigue damage of the concrete floor under the real fire condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device for a reinforced concrete slab under a fire disaster, in particular to a test device for punching, shearing and fatigue failure of a reinforced concrete floor slab under the fire disaster, and belongs to the field of fire resistance of building structures.
Background
In recent years, China is in the period of rapid economic development, buildings with billions of square meters are built every year, wherein reinforced concrete slabs are the most important horizontal bearing members and are generally applied to multi-storey buildings, high-rise buildings and super high-rise buildings. In a fire disaster, the reinforced concrete floor slab directly bears fire load, and because the plate thickness is small and the protective layer of the steel bars is thin, the reinforced concrete floor slab is one of the components with the largest fire area and the most serious damage in the fire disaster, and is a weak link in the fire resistance of the whole structure.
For the structure composed of the columns and the plates in the underground parking lot, the reinforced concrete plates not only bear the out-of-plane load of the structure and have the function of horizontal separation, but also play an important role in ensuring the bearing capacity and the integral rigidity of the building structure. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the punching and shearing tests of the fire lower plate, and the damage of the reinforced concrete plate caused by the repeated load is particularly serious, so that the reinforced concrete plate is designed by considering many environmental factors and the influence of disasters, such as corrosion, severe temperature conditions, fire and the like, and the influence of fire is one of the factors which need to be considered in the design of the reinforced concrete plate. When indoor fire occurs to bomb, the reinforced concrete slab can bear high temperature and prevent fire from spreading to the first floor. The reinforced concrete floor slab is also used as a horizontal bearing member to prevent the floor from collapsing during and after a fire. Therefore, the fire resistance of the floor slab is essential to maintain the safety of the entire building structure in case of fire. In actual fire and fire tests, the concrete floor slab can generate large deflection when the fire is found, but the whole structure and the floor slab can still maintain stability, and most of the concrete floor slab cannot collapse. The reason is that when the board is deformed greatly, a tensile film is generated in the board to bear the load on the floor slab, so that the fire resistance of the board is greatly improved.
Based on the previous research on the mutual separation of punching, shearing and fatigue failure and fire, the research on the punching, shearing and fatigue failure tests of the reinforced concrete floor under the fire is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device for testing the punching, shearing and fatigue failure of a reinforced concrete floor slab under fire, which can simultaneously carry out the fire test punching, shearing and fatigue failure tests.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: including steel frame system, test board and test furnace, the test board is placed on the test furnace, and the steel frame system arranges in the test furnace periphery, still is equipped with shearing mechanism, die-cut device and fatigue load device between steel frame system and test board, and shearing mechanism arranges the horizontal direction at the test board, and the middle part at the vertical direction of test board is installed to the die-cut device, and the fatigue load device sets up on test board upper portion.
Compared with the prior art, the device for testing the punching, shearing and fatigue failure of the reinforced concrete floor slab under the fire disaster disclosed by the invention has the advantages that after all the structures are fully contacted, the test furnace is ignited according to a specific temperature rise curve, the shearing device, the punching device and the fatigue load device are used for loading while the temperature curve is controlled, and the loading rate and the loading time are controlled. Therefore, the device can combine the influence of punching, shearing and fatigue load on the concrete floor slab under fire with the temperature change of the concrete floor slab, the performance of concrete materials and the performance of reinforcing steel bar materials, and finally leads to the punching of the concrete floor slab, and the shearing and fatigue failure mechanisms, researches the punching, shearing and fatigue failure test device of the concrete floor slab under the real fire condition, and is the pioneering of the floor slab punching, shearing and fatigue failure tests under the fire.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a D-D cross-sectional view of a die-cut, shear and fatigue failure test apparatus for a concrete floor panel of the present invention in the event of a fire.
FIG. 2A-A cross-sectional view of a die cutting, shearing and fatigue failure test apparatus for a concrete floor panel of the present invention in the event of fire.
Figure 3 is a C-C cross section of a die cutting, shearing and fatigue failure testing apparatus for a concrete floor panel of the present invention in the event of a fire.
Fig. 4 a cross-sectional view B-B of a die cutting, shearing and fatigue failure testing apparatus for a concrete floor panel according to the present invention in case of fire.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view E-E of a die cutting, shearing and fatigue failure testing apparatus for a concrete floor panel of the present invention in the event of a fire.
FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the steel frame and the support of the apparatus for testing the punching, shearing and fatigue failure of the concrete floor slab in case of fire.
FIG. 7 is a detailed view of the interior of a home-made fire test furnace of the apparatus for testing punching, shearing and fatigue failure of concrete floor panels of the present invention in the event of fire.
FIG. 8 is a detailed view of the fatigue loading apparatus of the present invention of the concrete floor panel in a fire situation, in a die cutting, shearing and fatigue failure test apparatus.
Fig. 9 is a detailed view of the shearing apparatus for the die cutting, shearing and fatigue failure tests of the concrete floor panel of the present invention in case of fire.
FIG. 10 is a detailed view of the rectangular steel drum punching apparatus for the concrete floor slab punching, shearing and fatigue failure tests of the present invention in case of fire.
In the figure, 1, a steel frame system, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, a reaction frame upright post, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, a reaction frame longitudinal beam, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, a steel frame longitudinal beam, 4, a shearing device, 4.1, a hinged base, 4.2, a displacement sensor, 4.3, an actuator, 4.4, a weighing sensor, 4.5, a steel connecting plate which is detachable and provided with a handle, 4.6 a main force transmission rod, 4.7, a U-shaped steel plate, 4.8, a length-adjustable shearing force transmission steel plate, 4.9, a steel bar, 5, a fatigue loading device, 5.1, a variable frequency motor, 5.2, an eccentric rotating wheel, 5.3, a rectangular spring, 5.4, a fireproof rubber bar, 6.1, 6.2, a punching force transmission rod, 6.3, a steel transmission rod, 7.1, a steel frame, a steel support, a steel barrel, a rolling shaft, a rolling wheel, a rolling ball and a rolling ball, 11.3, 11.4, T-shaped beams, 12, a test furnace, 12.1, reinforced concrete columns, 12.2, reinforced concrete fire walls, 12.3, reinforced concrete beams, 12.4, nozzles, 13, test boards, 14, a furnace bottom, 15, square steel pipes, 16.1 and steel backing plates.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 to 10 are schematic structural views showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which a device for testing punching, shearing and fatigue failure of a reinforced concrete floor under fire comprises a steel frame system 1, a test board 13 and a test furnace 12, wherein the test board 13 is placed on the test furnace 12, the steel frame system 1 is arranged on the periphery of the test furnace 12, a shearing device 4, a punching device and a fatigue loading device 5 are also arranged between the steel frame system 1 and the test board 13, the shearing device 4 is arranged in the horizontal direction of the test board 13, the punching device is installed in the middle of the test board 13 in the vertical direction, and the fatigue loading device 5 is arranged on the upper portion of the test board 13.
With reference to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the steel frame system 1 structure of the present embodiment is described, which includes four reaction frame columns 1.1; 1.2; 1.3; 1.4, four reaction frame longitudinal and transverse beams 2.1; 2.2; 2.3; 2.4 and seven steel frame longitudinal and transverse beams 3.1; 3.2; 3.3; 3.4; 3.5; 3.6; 3.7; four reaction frame upright posts 1.1; 1.2; 1.3; 1.4 are arranged at four corners of the test device, and three steel frame cross beams 3.2 are respectively arranged at two sides and the middle position of the transverse upper end of the reaction frame upright post; 3.3; 3.1, two sides and the middle of the longitudinal upper end of the reaction frame upright post are respectively provided with two steel frame longitudinal beams 3.6; 3.7; 3.4; 3.5, four reaction frame longitudinal beams 2.1 are arranged at the lower end of the reaction frame column in the longitudinal and transverse directions; 2.2; 2.3; 2.4, thereby forming an integral main frame as a test.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 9, the present embodiment is illustrated, in which the shearing device 4 includes a hinged base 4.1, a displacement sensor 4.2, an actuator 4.3, a load cell 4.4, a detachable steel tie plate 4.5 with a handle, a main force-transmitting rod 4.6, a U-shaped steel plate 4.7, a shear force-transmitting steel plate 4.8 with an adjustable length, and 4 steel bars 4.9, the shear force-transmitting steel plate 4.8 is preferably made of a titanium alloy with a small deformation or better material if necessary, and a shearing device 4 is provided on one side of the test plate 13: one end of a main dowel bar 4.6 is connected with a shearing force transmission steel plate 4.8, the other end of the main dowel bar is connected with a steel tie plate 4.5, a weighing sensor 4.4 and an actuator 4.3 are connected on a displacement sensor 4.2, a hinged support base 4.1 is anchored on a steel frame longitudinal beam 3.6 through a long screw and a steel bar 4.9, the purpose is to enable shearing load to only apply shearing force of a vertical plate on the plate, finally, two connected whole bodies are anchored together through a screw, and the main dowel bar 4.6 is fixed on the steel frame longitudinal beam 3.4 through a U-shaped steel plate 4.7; the two shearing devices 4 on the other side of the test plate 13 are also connected in place in the above steps, one end of each square steel tube 15 which is welded together with different thicknesses limits the lateral displacement of the plate but does not limit the out-of-plane displacement of the plate, and the other end of each square steel tube is anchored on the steel frame cross beam 3.2 and the steel frame cross beam 3.3 through bolts. The embodiment comprises three main force transmission rods 4.6, a shear force transmission steel plate 4.8 with one end connected with the length adjustable, a titanium alloy with small deformation or a better material is preferably selected under certain conditions, a steel tie plate 4.5 which is detachable and provided with a handle is connected with one end, then a weighing sensor 4.4 and an actuator 4.3 are connected onto a displacement sensor 4.2, a supporting base 4.1 is anchored onto a steel frame longitudinal beam 3.6 by a long screw rod and a steel bar 4.9, the purpose is to enable shear load to only apply the shear force of a vertical plate to the plate, finally two connected whole bodies are anchored together by a screw rod, and the force transmission rods are fixed onto the steel frame longitudinal beam 3.4 by a U-shaped steel plate 4.7. The test plate 13 is used for placing uniform load required by the test, and the load required to be uniformly distributed can be composed of a sand bag and a steel plate; a steel rolling ball 10 and a spherical hinge support 10.1 are used under a test plate 13, and in order to prevent the test plate from sliding, steel rolling shafts 10.2 with the same height as the steel ball 10 are respectively arranged in the middle positions of two adjacent sides of the test plate 13. The gap between the test board and the test furnace is tightly sealed by using the aluminum silicate fiber felt, the test board 13 is ensured to be under a rigid foundation by using a steel frame 9.2, the lower part is a self-made test furnace 12, four sides of the test furnace 12 are composed of reinforced concrete columns 12.1 and beams 12.3, a reinforced concrete firewall 12.2 is built on the inner side, rock wool walls are arranged on the reinforced concrete firewall 12.2 and the inner sides of the beams, the furnace bottom of the test furnace is built by refractory bricks 14, flue ports are uniformly arranged, exhaust fans are arranged on the flue ports and are connected with an outdoor chimney, at least one nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the test furnace, a nozzle 12.4 is arranged at the nozzle, the output end of an oil pump is connected with the nozzle 12.4, and the input port of the. When a fire test is carried out, smoke in the test furnace is exhausted out of a room through a flue and a chimney by the exhaust fan, and the test plate 13 is preloaded before the test, so that all parts of the loading device are in full contact with the test plate 13. And selecting a proper temperature control system, such as a 'Sidat' temperature control system, and arranging a plurality of detachable thermocouples, such as N-type K-type thermocouples, at the furnace wall.
With reference to fig. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 10, the punching device of the present embodiment is described, which includes two punching dowel bars 6.1; 6.2, die-cut dowel bar 6.2 buries in reinforced concrete board in advance, and it is close to column cap position welding hoop 7.3, also can prefer to select mechanical connection, and the outside is protected with rectangle steel drum 7.4, and the inside and outside brush fire prevention coating of rectangle steel drum 7.4, preferredly uses better fire prevention high temperature resistant material. Two I-shaped beams 11.1 with symmetrical sides are arranged above the test plate 13; 11.2, the lower end of one beam is connected with six symmetrical T-shaped beams 11.3 by rivets; 11.4, the length of a lower cantilever of the T-shaped beam is not less than the net length of the test plate 123, and the I-shaped beam is 11.1; 11.2 the steel frame crossbeam 3.1 that the upper end is just good contacts, connects another section dowel steel with steel hoop 7.2, preferentially selects high accuracy mechanical connection steel frame crossbeam 3.1 to put steel frame 9.1 and die-cut actuator 8 middle and uses the steel backing plate 16.1 to cut apart, and the purpose is for placing die-cut actuator 8 bottom deformation, and die-cut actuator 8 upper end is concreted with steel hoop 7.1. The device provides a punching test device for the punching test of the concrete slab under the fire, can measure the deflection of the slab bottom, the stress-strain change process of the steel bars and the concrete, and the punching damage phenomenon of the reinforced concrete slab under the fire, and carries out the crack comparison of the comparison slab under the same fire test and the crack development comparison under the punching shear test only.
With reference to fig. 2 and 8, the fatigue loading device 5 of the present embodiment is described, which includes a variable frequency motor 5.1, an eccentric runner 5.2, a spring 5.3 and a fireproof rubber rod 5.4, and is formed by arranging an I-shaped steel beam 11.1; a fatigue load device 5 is arranged on the 11.2, an off-axis rotating wheel 5.2 is arranged on a motor 5.1 which can rotate in a frequency conversion way, a dowel bar 6.3 is anchored and connected on the off-axis rotating wheel 5.2, preferably, a high-strength material is selected, the tail end of the dowel bar 6.3 is connected with a fireproof rubber rod 5.4 by bolts, and the tail end of the dowel bar is respectively connected with two I-shaped steel beams 11.1 by four springs 5.3; 11.2. The fatigue load mainly considers the fatigue failure characteristic of the reinforced concrete slab under the fire, accurately identifies whether the test slab is damaged, determines the position and the degree of the damage, predicts the fatigue life of the test slab, and can be combined with a shearing and impacting mechanism to research the failure condition of the reinforced concrete slab under the fire.
The working principle is as follows: after all the structures are fully contacted, the test furnace is ignited according to a specific temperature rise curve, the shearing device 4, the punching device and the fatigue loading device 5 are used for loading while controlling the temperature curve, and the loading speed and time are controlled.
The device can combine the influence of punching, shearing and fatigue load on the concrete floor slab under fire with the temperature change of the concrete floor slab, the performance of concrete materials and the performance of reinforcing steel bar materials, and finally cause the punching, shearing and fatigue failure mechanisms of the concrete floor slab, and research the punching, shearing and fatigue failure test device of the concrete floor slab under the real fire condition.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a die-cut, shearing and fatigue failure test device of reinforced concrete floor under conflagration, includes steel frame system (1), test board (13) and test stove (12), and place on test stove (12) test board (13), and steel frame system (1) is arranged in test stove (12) periphery, characterized by: still be equipped with shearing mechanism (4), die-cut device and fatigue load device (5) between steel frame system (1) and test board (13), shearing mechanism (4) are arranged in the horizontal direction of test board (13), and die-cut device is installed at the middle part of the vertical direction of test board (13), and fatigue load device (5) set up on test board (13) upper portion, shearing mechanism (4) including hinge base (4.1), displacement sensor (4.2), actuator (4.3), weighing sensor (4.4), can dismantle and have steel tie plate (4.5) of handle, main dowel steel (4.6), U shaped steel board (4.7), length shearing adjustable pass power steel board (4.8) and 4 billet (4.9), be located one shearing mechanism (4) of test board (13) one side: one end of a main dowel bar (4.6) is connected with a shearing force transmission steel plate (4.8), the other end of the main dowel bar is connected with a steel tie plate (4.5), a weighing sensor (4.4) and an actuator (4.3) are connected on a displacement sensor (4.2), a hinged support base (4.1) is anchored on a steel frame longitudinal beam (3.6) through a long screw and a steel bar (4.9), and the main dowel bar (4.6) is fixed on the steel frame longitudinal beam (3.4) through a U-shaped steel plate (4.7); two shearing devices (4) positioned at the other side of the test plate (13) are also connected in place in the above steps, one end of each square steel tube (15) with different thicknesses welded together limits the lateral displacement of the plate but does not limit the out-of-plane displacement of the plate, and the other end of each square steel tube is respectively anchored on a steel frame cross beam (3.2) and a steel frame cross beam (3.3) by bolts; the punching device comprises two punching dowel bars (6.1; 6.2), the punching dowel bars (6.2) are pre-embedded in a reinforced concrete slab, the steel hoop (7.3) is connected to the position close to a column cap, the exterior of the rectangular steel barrel is protected by a rectangular steel barrel (7.4), fireproof paint is brushed on the interior and exterior of the rectangular steel barrel (7.4), two I-shaped beams (11.1; 11.2) with two symmetrical sides are arranged above a test plate, the lower ends of the I-shaped beams (11.1; 11.2) are connected with six symmetrical T-shaped beams (11.3; 11.4) through rivets, the length of a lower cantilever of each T-shaped beam is not less than the net length of the test plate, steel frame cross beams (3.1) with rigid upper ends of the I-shaped beams (11.1; 11.2) are contacted, the other section of punching dowel bar (6.1) is connected through the steel hoop (7.2), a steel frame (9.1) and a punching actuator (8) are arranged on the steel frame cross beam (3.1), the middle of the punching actuator is divided through a steel backing plate (16.1), and the upper end of the punching actuator (8) is fixedly connected through; the fatigue load device (5) comprises a variable frequency motor (5.1), an eccentric rotating wheel (5.2), springs (5.3) and a fireproof rubber rod (5.4), wherein the eccentric rotating wheel (5.2) is arranged on the variable frequency motor (5.1), a dowel bar (6.3) is connected to the eccentric rotating wheel (5.2) in an anchoring mode, the tail end of the dowel bar is connected with the fireproof rubber rod (5.4) through bolts, and the four springs (5.3) are respectively connected to two I-shaped steel beams (11.1; 11.2).
2. The apparatus for testing punching, shearing and fatigue failure of reinforced concrete floor under fire according to claim 1, wherein: the steel frame system (1) comprises four reaction frame upright posts (1.1; 1.2; 1.3; 1.4), four reaction frame longitudinal cross beams (2.1; 2.2; 2.3; 2.4) and seven steel frame longitudinal cross beams (3.1; 3.2; 3.3; 3.4; 3.5; 3.6; 3.7); four reaction frame upright columns (1.1; 1.2; 1.3; 1.4) are arranged at four corners of the test device, three steel frame cross beams (3.2; 3.3; 3.1) are respectively arranged at two sides and the middle position of the transverse upper end of each reaction frame upright column, two steel frame longitudinal beams (3.6; 3.7; 3.4; 3.5) are respectively arranged at two sides and the middle of the longitudinal upper end of each reaction frame upright column, and four reaction frame longitudinal cross beams (2.1; 2.2; 2.3; 2.4) are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the reaction frame upright columns in the longitudinal and transverse directions.
3. The apparatus for testing punching, shearing and fatigue failure of reinforced concrete floor under fire according to claim 1, wherein: the four sides of the test furnace (12) are composed of reinforced concrete columns (12.1) and reinforced concrete beams (12.3), a reinforced concrete fire-proof wall (12.2) is built on the inner side, rock wool walls are arranged on the inner sides of the reinforced concrete fire-proof wall (12.2) and the reinforced concrete beams (12.3), a furnace bottom (14) of the test furnace (12) is built by refractory bricks, flue openings are uniformly arranged, exhaust fans are arranged at the flue openings and connected with an outdoor chimney, and a plurality of detachable thermocouples are further arranged at the furnace wall.
4. The apparatus for testing punching, shearing and fatigue failure of reinforced concrete floor under fire as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the test board (13) is supported by a steel rolling ball (10) and a spherical hinge support (10.1), and steel rolling shafts (10.2) with the same height as the steel rolling ball (10) are respectively arranged in the middle positions of two adjacent sides of the test board (13).
5. The apparatus for testing punching, shearing and fatigue failure of reinforced concrete floor under fire as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the gap between the test board (13) and the test furnace (12) is tightly sealed by using the aluminum silicate fiber felt, and a steel frame (9.2) is used below the test board (13) to ensure that the test board (13) is under a rigid foundation.
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| CN201711024791.1A CN107884262B (en) | 2017-10-27 | 2017-10-27 | Punching, shearing and fatigue failure test device for reinforced concrete floor slab under fire |
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| CN111424732B (en) * | 2020-03-21 | 2021-12-28 | 重庆大学 | All-process centrifugal device and method for simulating sequential installation of pile groups and negative frictional resistance |
| CN111855407B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2023-05-05 | 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Device suitable for performance test of fireproof construction of building curtain wall |
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| 板角约束混凝土双向板抗火性能试验研究;王勇等;《建筑结构学报》;20170427;第125-132页 * |
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