CN112146838A - Pendulum bob impact experimental device for large engineering structure - Google Patents
Pendulum bob impact experimental device for large engineering structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112146838A CN112146838A CN202011190359.1A CN202011190359A CN112146838A CN 112146838 A CN112146838 A CN 112146838A CN 202011190359 A CN202011190359 A CN 202011190359A CN 112146838 A CN112146838 A CN 112146838A
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- pendulum
- crane
- portal frame
- pendulum bob
- bob
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
Abstract
The invention discloses a pendulum impact experiment device aiming at a large engineering structure, which comprises a portal frame, a pendulum and a spring, wherein the bottom of the portal frame is anchored on the ground, the top of the portal frame is provided with a crane beam, the crane beam is provided with a crane for hoisting the pendulum, the middle of the portal frame is provided with a pendulum beam, the pendulum beam adopts a lower opening structure, a pendulum tie bar is arranged below the pendulum beam, the upper end of the pendulum tie bar is installed in an opening at the lower part of the pendulum beam through a bearing, the lower end of the pendulum tie bar is provided with the pendulum, the pendulum is provided with a hammer, a force sensor is arranged between the pendulum and the hammer, one end of the spring is fixed at the lower part of the portal frame, and the other end. The invention designs a high-energy pendulum impact experimental device, realizes higher-energy impact, has the highest impact speed of 13.5 m/s and the highest impact energy of 21kJ, mainly aims at a large engineering structure to carry out impact test, and can be used for simulating impact action of vehicles, ships, rockfall and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pendulum bob device, in particular to a pendulum bob impact experimental device aiming at a large engineering structure.
Background
The large engineering structures such as houses or bridges can be impacted by vehicles, ships, rolling stones and the like, and the pendulum impact experimental device can be used for simulating the impacting effect, so that the anti-impact performance of the structure can be tested and researched.
When the existing pendulum device adopts a rigid tie bar, the existing pendulum device is generally small in size, low in tonnage and low in impact energy, and mainly aims at material performance tests; with a flexible tie bar (e.g. a wire rope), the pendulum cannot rotate more than 90 ° and it is difficult to keep the pendulum stable at impact. Therefore, if a higher speed of impact is required, the height of the pendulum device needs to be high. A flexible tie rod pendulum is difficult to have as good directional stability during a fall as a rigid tie rod pendulum, i.e. the pendulum may experience some deflection when striking a structure, especially at high energy strikes.
Aiming at large engineering structures such as houses or bridges and the like, pendulum bob devices with high impact energy need to be adopted, generally speaking, the method for improving the impact energy is to increase the length of a tie bar and increase the mass of the pendulum bob; however, the impact energy of the pendulum device is not simply amplified on the basis of the existing small-tonnage pendulum, because the increase of the length of the rigid tie rod can lead the strength and the rigidity of the rigid tie rod to exponentially decrease, and the force in the tie rod is exponentially increased along with the impact energy during the impact; at the same time, high energy impacts will also bring about local stability of the tie-rods and load-bearing capacity problems of the connection nodes of the pendulum. This means that the existing small tonnage rigid tie bar pendulum devices cannot be used for pendulum devices for large engineering structures.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a pendulum impact experimental device which is simple in structure, safe and reliable and aims at large engineering structures.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: the utility model provides a pendulum impact experimental apparatus to large-scale engineering structure, includes portal frame, pendulum and spring, the portal frame bottom anchor is subaerial, and the portal frame top is equipped with the crane beam, be equipped with the crane that is used for lifting by crane the pendulum on the crane beam, the portal frame middle part is equipped with the pendulum crossbeam, and the pendulum crossbeam adopts lower part open structure, and pendulum crossbeam below is equipped with the pendulum tie rod, install in pendulum crossbeam lower part opening through the bearing in pendulum tie rod upper end, pendulum tie rod lower extreme is equipped with the pendulum, is equipped with the tup on the pendulum, is equipped with force transducer between pendulum and the tup, spring one end is fixed in the portal frame lower part, and the spring other end is fixed at pendulum tie rod lower extreme.
Above-mentioned pendulum impact experimental apparatus to large-scale engineering structure, the portal frame comprises two first H shaped steel that are parallel to each other, and first H shaped steel is from the top down every interval and is set up a first stiffening rib with the same distance.
The pendulum impact experiment device for the large-scale engineering structure further comprises two crane beam inclined struts used for supporting the crane beams, the two crane beam inclined struts are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the bottom surface of the crane beam, the top ends of the crane beam inclined struts are connected with one ends, far away from the portal frame, of the crane beams, and the bottom ends of the crane beam inclined struts are connected with the corresponding first H-shaped steel.
The pendulum bob impact experiment device for the large-scale engineering structure further comprises two portal frame inclined struts which are symmetrically arranged and used for supporting the portal frame, the upper ends of the portal frame inclined struts are connected with the portal frame, and the lower ends of the portal frame inclined struts are anchored to the ground through ground anchor bolts.
Above-mentioned pendulum impact experimental apparatus to large-scale engineering structure, the tup adopts detachable mode to install on the pendulum, and the type of tup includes four kinds of types of cambered surface tup, toper tup, rubber tup, plane tup.
According to the pendulum impact experimental device for the large engineering structure, the pendulum tie bar is a rigid tie bar, and the second H-shaped steel is selected and provided with the second stiffening ribs every 100 mm.
Above-mentioned pendulum impact experimental apparatus to large-scale engineering structure, be equipped with the couple on the pendulum, the couple is connected with the detacher on the crane.
According to the pendulum impact experimental device aiming at the large engineering structure, the maximum angle of rotation of the pendulum around the bearing when the pendulum goes upwards is 135 degrees.
Above-mentioned pendulum impact experimental apparatus to large-scale engineering structure, the crane can move and install on the crane crossbeam.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention comprehensively considers the advantages and the disadvantages of the current small-tonnage rigid tie bar pendulum bob and the current flexible tie bar pendulum bob, designs a high-energy pendulum bob impact experimental device, realizes higher-energy impact, has the highest impact speed of 13.5 m/s and the highest impact energy of 21kJ, mainly aims at a large engineering structure to carry out impact test, and can be used for simulating the impact action of vehicles, ships, rockfall and the like.
2. The pendulum bob tie bar is a rigid tie bar, the second H-shaped steel is selected, the second stiffening ribs are arranged at intervals of 100mm, the cross section form, the size and the construction measure of the pendulum bob tie bar are obtained through calculation, analysis and optimization, and the strength, the rigidity and the fatigue resistance of the pendulum bob tie bar are high.
3. The pendulum bob adopts the high-energy rigid tie rod pendulum bob, the angle of rotation of the pendulum bob around the bearing can be larger than 90 degrees when the pendulum bob moves upwards, the maximum angle can reach 135 degrees, the size of the pendulum bob is saved, and the impact stability is higher.
4. The invention is designed with a movable crane, and can reduce the requirement of the tonnage of the crane to the maximum extent by selecting a proper crane position.
5. The pendulum cross beam adopts a specially designed lower opening form, and the bearing capacity problem caused by connection with a rigid tie bar and high-energy impact is solved.
6. The pendulum bob is provided with the spring, when the pendulum bob is lifted to move upwards, the spring is stretched to store certain elastic potential energy, the spring can provide a part of elastic potential energy in addition to the gravitational potential energy increased by the pendulum bob, so that the impact speed of the pendulum bob can be further increased, and on the other hand, the length of the rigid tie rod can be reduced by the aid of the power-assisted spring on the premise of meeting the requirement of the expected speed of the pendulum bob due to the fact that the length of the tie rod has the greatest influence on the strength and the rigidity of the tie rod, so that the function of reducing the section size of.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the pendulum of the present invention traveling up to a maximum position.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the variation of impact velocity with the rotation angle of the pendulum bob under two working conditions, i.e. no counterweight of the pendulum bob and full-load counterweight of the pendulum bob.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the pendulum impact experiment device for large engineering structures comprises a portal frame 8, a pendulum 13 and a spring 16, wherein a column base 7 is arranged at the bottom of the portal frame 8 and anchored on the ground by an earth anchor bolt 6, a crane beam 1 is arranged at the top of the portal frame 8, a crane 2 for hoisting the pendulum 13 is movably arranged on the crane beam 1, a pendulum cross beam 10 is arranged in the middle of the portal frame 8, the pendulum cross beam 10 is connected with the portal frame 8 by a bolt, and the height of the pendulum 13 can be realized by adjusting the height of the pendulum cross beam 10; the pendulum mass cross beam 10 is of a lower opening structure, a pendulum mass tie rod 12 is arranged below the pendulum mass cross beam 10, the upper end of the pendulum mass tie rod 12 is installed in an opening in the lower portion of the pendulum mass cross beam 10 through a bearing 11, a pendulum mass 13 is arranged at the lower end of the pendulum mass tie rod 12, a hammer head 15 is arranged on the pendulum mass 13, a large-tonnage force sensor 14 is arranged between the pendulum mass 13 and the hammer head 15, one end of a spring 16 is fixed to the lower portion of the portal frame 8, and the other end of the spring 16 is fixed to the lower.
The portal frame 8 is composed of two first H-shaped steels which are parallel to each other, and a first stiffening rib 9 is arranged at the same interval from top to bottom on the first H-shaped steel.
The pendulum mass 13 impact experiment device aiming at the large engineering structure further comprises two portal frame inclined struts 5 which are symmetrically arranged and used for supporting the portal frame 8, the upper ends of the portal frame inclined struts 5 are connected with 2/3 height positions of the portal frame 8 through plate pieces 4, and the lower ends of the portal frame inclined struts 5 are anchored to the ground through ground anchor bolts 6.
The hammer head 15 is detachably mounted on the pendulum hammer 13, and the types of the hammer head 15 include four types, namely a cambered surface hammer head, a conical hammer head, a rubber hammer head and a plane hammer head.
The pendulum bob tie bar 12 is a rigid tie bar, and a second H-shaped steel is selected and provided with second stiffening ribs every 100 mm.
The pendulum bob 13 is provided with a hook which is connected with a detacher 17 on the crane 2.
The maximum angle of rotation of the pendulum 13 around the bearing 11 when the pendulum moves upwards is 135 degrees, and the mass of the hammer head 15 can be changed within 50-200 kg.
The working principle is as follows: after the device is installed, a test piece is fixed in front of a pendulum bob 13, after the height of an impact point of the pendulum bob 13 is adjusted, the pendulum bob 13 is lifted to a certain height through a crane 2 at the top of a portal frame 8, the rear of a hook of the pendulum bob 13 is connected with a detacher 17, the detacher 17 is opened after the pendulum bob 13 is lifted to an energy charging height, the gravitational potential energy of the pendulum bob 13 and the elastic potential energy of a spring 16 are converted into the kinetic energy of the pendulum bob 13 to impact the test piece, when the pendulum bob 13 descends to the lowest point to impact the test piece, the maximum impact speed can reach 13.5 m/s, the maximum impact energy can reach 21kJ, and as shown in fig. 4, under two working conditions that the pendulum bob 13 has no counterweight and the pendulum bob 13 is fully loaded with the counterweight, the impact speed.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a pendulum strikes experimental apparatus to large-scale engineering structure which characterized in that: the device comprises a portal frame, a pendulum bob and a spring, wherein the bottom of the portal frame is anchored on the ground, a crane beam is arranged at the top of the portal frame, a crane for hoisting the pendulum bob is arranged on the crane beam, a pendulum bob cross beam is arranged in the middle of the portal frame and adopts a lower opening structure, a pendulum bob tie bar is arranged below the pendulum bob cross beam, the upper end of the pendulum bob tie bar is mounted in an opening in the lower part of the pendulum bob cross beam through a bearing, the lower end of the pendulum bob tie bar is provided with the pendulum bob, the pendulum bob is provided with a hammer head, a force sensor is arranged between the pendulum bob and the hammer head, one end of the spring is fixed at the.
2. A pendulum impact experimental setup for large engineering structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: the portal frame is composed of two first H-shaped steels which are parallel to each other, and a first stiffening rib is arranged at the same interval from top to bottom on the first H-shaped steel.
3. A pendulum impact experimental setup for large engineering structures according to claim 2, characterized in that: the crane beam diagonal bracing device is characterized by further comprising two crane beam diagonal braces for supporting the crane beams, wherein the two crane beam diagonal braces are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the bottom surface of the crane beam, the top ends of the crane beam diagonal braces are connected with one ends, far away from the portal frame, of the crane beams, and the bottom ends of the crane beam diagonal braces are connected with the corresponding first H-shaped steel.
4. A pendulum impact experimental setup for large engineering structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gantry inclined strut is used for supporting a gantry, the upper end of the gantry inclined strut is connected with the gantry, and the lower end of the gantry inclined strut is anchored to the ground through an earth anchor bolt.
5. A pendulum impact experimental setup for large engineering structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hammer adopts detachable mode to install on the pendulum, and the type of hammer includes four kinds of cambered surface hammer, toper hammer, rubber hammer, plane hammer.
6. A pendulum impact experimental setup for large engineering structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pendulum bob tie bar is a rigid tie bar, and second H-shaped steel is selected and provided with second stiffening ribs every 100 mm.
7. A pendulum impact experimental setup for large engineering structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pendulum bob is provided with a hook, and the hook is connected with a detacher on the crane.
8. A pendulum impact experimental setup for large engineering structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: the maximum angle of rotation of the pendulum bob about the bearing when the pendulum bob ascends is 135 degrees.
9. A pendulum impact experimental setup for large engineering structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: the crane is movably arranged on the crane beam.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011190359.1A CN112146838A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Pendulum bob impact experimental device for large engineering structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011190359.1A CN112146838A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Pendulum bob impact experimental device for large engineering structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112146838A true CN112146838A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011190359.1A Pending CN112146838A (en) | 2020-10-30 | 2020-10-30 | Pendulum bob impact experimental device for large engineering structure |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112986016A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-18 | 江苏科技大学 | Single impact test system for ice pendulum and operation method |
| IT202100013904A1 (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-11-27 | Anas S P A | SYSTEM FOR TESTING ROAD PROTECTION BARRIERS |
-
2020
- 2020-10-30 CN CN202011190359.1A patent/CN112146838A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112986016A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-18 | 江苏科技大学 | Single impact test system for ice pendulum and operation method |
| IT202100013904A1 (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-11-27 | Anas S P A | SYSTEM FOR TESTING ROAD PROTECTION BARRIERS |
| WO2022249121A1 (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-12-01 | Anas S.P.A. | System for testing road protection barriers |
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