CN115555712A - Sealing device and method for metal double-layer vacuum heat-insulation container - Google Patents
Sealing device and method for metal double-layer vacuum heat-insulation container Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
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- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/1224—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in vacuum
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- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
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- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
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- B23K2101/12—Vessels
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及真空保温容器的制造技术领域,具体而言,尤其涉及一种金属双层真空保温容器的密封装置及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing vacuum heat preservation containers, in particular to a sealing device and method for a metal double-layer vacuum heat preservation container.
背景技术Background technique
金属双层真空保温容器指的是金属材质,由内外双层组成、内外层间为真空、具有保温作用的容器。热的传递途径有三种:热传导、对流、辐射。设置内外层结构且在层间抽真空,可切断热传导和对流,如果金属表面光亮,辐射被反射,则热的传递作用将较微弱,从而内层容器中的物体将处于接近绝热的状态。盛放热水的真空保温杯即为这种容器,但金属双层真空保温容器不仅仅是保温杯(以及焖烧杯),还包括食品加工行业用真空保温桶,内置电热管的保温锅,化工、医药、食品行业用于储存高温或低温物体的各种工业用保温容器。The metal double-layer vacuum insulation container refers to a container made of metal, which is composed of inner and outer double layers, with a vacuum between the inner and outer layers, and has the function of heat preservation. There are three ways of heat transfer: heat conduction, convection, and radiation. Setting the inner and outer layer structures and vacuuming between the layers can cut off heat conduction and convection. If the metal surface is bright and the radiation is reflected, the heat transfer effect will be weak, so that the objects in the inner container will be in a state of close to heat insulation. The vacuum insulated cup holding hot water is such a container, but the metal double-layer vacuum insulated container is not only a thermos cup (and a braised beaker), but also a vacuum insulated barrel for the food processing industry, a thermos pot with a built-in electric heating tube, and a chemical industry. Various industrial insulation containers used to store high-temperature or low-temperature objects in the , medicine, and food industries.
为获得良好的保温性能,必须保证容器内外层之间的真空状态良好。内外层间真空状态的获得有几种途径:(1)在外层底部设置小孔并焊上细管,先在非真空环境下将内外层组焊完成,然后通过细管对内外层间空间抽真空,然后通过焊接方法将细管密封;(2)在外层底部设置小孔,先在非真空环境下将内外层组焊完成,然后将容器底部朝上放入真空炉中,在小孔附近放置热熔胶,抽真空,加热至胶的熔融温度,使其流动并填入小孔,待冷却后即将内外层间空间密封。此法因不涉及上述细管,被称为“无尾密封”;(3)将内外层组装好,涂覆钎焊材料,在真空炉中进行真空钎焊,焊缝冷却凝固后,将层间空间与外界隔离,保持其真空状态。以上三种途径中,细管抽气密封法会在容器底部残留一段细管,需在容器底部加装底托,以使容器底部变平、以便立放,同时遮蔽残留细管,使其更美观;热熔胶密封法是小型保温容器最常用的方法,通常数十至数百个容器同时在真空炉完成密封,加热温度较低(200℃左右),其生产效率较细管抽气密封法高,但密封处常常会逐渐漏气,且同样需要加装底托;真空钎焊法密封效果好,焊缝成形美观,但钎焊温度高,生产效率很低,生产成本高。总的来说,目前已有各种方法均存在生产效率不够高的问题。In order to obtain good thermal insulation performance, it is necessary to ensure that the vacuum state between the inner and outer layers of the container is good. There are several ways to obtain the vacuum state between the inner and outer layers: (1) Set a small hole at the bottom of the outer layer and weld a thin tube. Vacuum, and then seal the thin tube by welding; (2) Set a small hole at the bottom of the outer layer, first complete the welding of the inner and outer layers in a non-vacuum environment, and then put the container bottom up into the vacuum furnace, near the small hole Place the hot melt adhesive, vacuumize it, heat it to the melting temperature of the adhesive, make it flow and fill the small hole, and seal the space between the inner and outer layers after cooling. This method is called "endless sealing" because it does not involve the above thin tube; (3) Assemble the inner and outer layers, coat the brazing material, and carry out vacuum brazing in a vacuum furnace. After the weld seam is cooled and solidified, the layer The interspace is isolated from the outside world and kept in a vacuum state. Among the above three methods, the narrow tube suction and sealing method will leave a section of thin tube at the bottom of the container, and a bottom bracket needs to be installed at the bottom of the container to flatten the bottom of the container for standing upright, and at the same time cover the remaining thin tube to make it more stable. Beautiful; the hot melt adhesive sealing method is the most commonly used method for small thermal insulation containers, usually tens to hundreds of containers are sealed in a vacuum furnace at the same time, the heating temperature is lower (about 200 ° C), and its production efficiency is lower than that of thin tube suction sealing The method is high, but the sealing part often leaks air gradually, and a bottom support is also required; the vacuum brazing method has a good sealing effect and a beautiful weld shape, but the brazing temperature is high, the production efficiency is very low, and the production cost is high. Generally speaking, all existing methods have the problem of insufficient production efficiency.
因此,本发明提出一种新的金属双层真空保温容器密封方法及其装置,在获得良好的密封性的同时,保证容器密封位置的美观,并且确保该方法具有较高的生产效率。Therefore, the present invention proposes a new method and device for sealing a metal double-layer vacuum insulation container. While obtaining good sealing performance, the sealing position of the container is guaranteed to be beautiful, and the method has high production efficiency.
发明内容Contents of the invention
根据上述提出的目前已有各种方法均存在生产效率不够高的技术问题,而提供一种金属双层真空保温容器的密封装置及方法。本发明主要通过真空装置,经预开圆孔和圆片之间的缝隙,去除夹层内空气,使其达到真空状态。然后,通过真空激光焊完成圆片和圆孔的焊接,在保持夹层空间为真空状态的情况下实现密封。因而,焊接完成后,夹层即保持为永久密封的真空状态。According to the technical problem that the production efficiency is not high enough in the various existing methods proposed above, a sealing device and method for a metal double-layer vacuum insulation container are provided. The invention mainly uses a vacuum device to remove the air in the interlayer through the gap between the pre-opened round hole and the disc to make it reach a vacuum state. Then, vacuum laser welding is used to complete the welding of the wafer and the round hole, and the sealing is realized while keeping the interlayer space in a vacuum state. Thus, after the welding is completed, the interlayer remains in a permanently sealed vacuum state.
本发明采用的技术手段如下:The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:
一种金属双层真空保温容器的密封装置,包括:设备底座、真空罩、真空系统、焊接系统和焊枪运动系统,所述设备底座上设置有固定结构,双层真空容器倒置,双层真空容器的底部位于开口的上方,所述固定结构与双层真空容器的开口处连接,用于实现双层真空容器的定位和固定;所述双层真空容器底部的外层壳体上开设有圆孔,圆孔内放置有圆片;所述真空罩罩住双层真空容器底部外层壳体上的待焊接区域,圆孔和圆片置于真空罩内部,所述真空罩用于提供真空密封环境;所述真空系统与真空罩相连,用于对真空罩内部以及圆孔和圆片之间的缝隙进行抽真空;所述焊接系统布置在真空罩外,用于对圆片与圆孔间的焊缝进行真空焊接;所述焊枪运动系统与焊接系统相连,用于支撑固定焊接系统并实现焊接系统的运动。A sealing device for a metal double-layer vacuum insulation container, comprising: an equipment base, a vacuum cover, a vacuum system, a welding system and a welding torch movement system, the equipment base is provided with a fixed structure, the double-layer vacuum container is inverted, and the double-layer vacuum container The bottom of the double-layer vacuum container is located above the opening, and the fixed structure is connected to the opening of the double-layer vacuum container for positioning and fixing the double-layer vacuum container; a circular hole is opened on the outer shell at the bottom of the double-layer vacuum container , a disc is placed in the round hole; the vacuum cover covers the area to be welded on the bottom outer shell of the double-layer vacuum container, the round hole and the disc are placed inside the vacuum cover, and the vacuum cover is used to provide a vacuum seal environment; the vacuum system is connected to the vacuum cover for vacuuming the inside of the vacuum cover and the gap between the round hole and the disc; the welding system is arranged outside the vacuum cover for vacuuming the gap between the disc and the round hole The welding seam is vacuum welded; the welding torch movement system is connected with the welding system, and is used to support and fix the welding system and realize the movement of the welding system.
进一步地,所述固定结构为开设在设备底座上表面的环形槽,双层真空容器的开口处插入至环形槽中,所述环形槽与双层真空容器开口处的尺寸一致。Further, the fixing structure is an annular groove provided on the upper surface of the equipment base, and the opening of the double-layer vacuum container is inserted into the annular groove, and the size of the annular groove is consistent with that of the opening of the double-layer vacuum container.
进一步地,所述真空罩与双层真空容器底部的外层壳体间设置密封圈实现密封;所述真空罩的侧部安装有抽气口,抽气口与外部抽气管连接,所述真空系统通过抽气管和抽气口与真空罩相连。Further, a sealing ring is provided between the vacuum cover and the outer shell at the bottom of the double-layer vacuum container to achieve sealing; the side of the vacuum cover is equipped with a suction port, which is connected to an external suction pipe, and the vacuum system passes through The exhaust pipe and the exhaust port are connected with the vacuum cover.
进一步地,所述真空罩为圆柱形金属真空罩,其远离双层真空容器的上部开孔,并在开孔位置安装石英玻璃;石英玻璃与真空罩之间通过法兰和螺栓进行固定连接,且连接处设置密封圈实现密封。Further, the vacuum cover is a cylindrical metal vacuum cover, which is away from the upper opening of the double-layer vacuum container, and quartz glass is installed at the opening position; the quartz glass and the vacuum cover are fixedly connected by flanges and bolts, And the joint is provided with a sealing ring to realize sealing.
进一步地,所述真空系统包括真空泵组、管路、阀门和真空度检测系统,真空泵组通过抽气管与抽气口相连,阀门安装在抽气管上,真空度检测系统与真空罩内部相连,用于测量真空罩内部的真空度;Further, the vacuum system includes a vacuum pump group, pipelines, valves and a vacuum degree detection system, the vacuum pump group is connected to the suction port through a suction pipe, the valve is installed on the suction pipe, and the vacuum degree detection system is connected to the inside of the vacuum cover for Measure the vacuum inside the vacuum hood;
所述真空泵组为二级真空泵组,二级真空泵组由一台机械式真空泵和一台扩散泵组成,或由一台机械式真空泵和一台分子泵组成;各真空泵之间通过管路连接;The vacuum pump group is a secondary vacuum pump group, and the secondary vacuum pump group is composed of a mechanical vacuum pump and a diffusion pump, or is composed of a mechanical vacuum pump and a molecular pump; the vacuum pumps are connected by pipelines;
所述真空检测系统包括相连接的真空计和真空规管,真空规管的接口与抽气口相连,用于测量真空罩内的真空度,并将测量到的真空度值传给真空计进行显示;The vacuum detection system includes a connected vacuum gauge and a vacuum gauge, and the interface of the vacuum gauge is connected to the suction port for measuring the vacuum degree in the vacuum cover, and transmitting the measured vacuum degree value to the vacuum gauge for display ;
所述阀门包括抽气阀门和放气阀门;抽气时,抽气阀门打开、放气阀门关闭;放气阀门打开时实现真空罩的放气。The valve includes an air extraction valve and an air release valve; when air is drawn, the air extraction valve is opened and the air release valve is closed; when the air release valve is opened, the vacuum cover is deflated.
进一步地,所述焊接系统包括激光器、光纤、激光焊枪和控制系统,所述控制系统与激光器相连,用于实现激光器的运行;所述激光器用于产生激光束,通过光纤与激光焊枪相连;所述激光焊枪用于将激光束照射至石英玻璃并透过石英玻璃,对准焊缝;所述激光器为光纤式或碟片式激光器。Further, the welding system includes a laser, an optical fiber, a laser welding torch and a control system, the control system is connected with the laser to realize the operation of the laser; the laser is used to generate a laser beam, and is connected to the laser welding torch through an optical fiber; The laser welding torch is used to irradiate the laser beam to the quartz glass and pass through the quartz glass to align the welding seam; the laser is a fiber-optic or disk-type laser.
进一步地,所述焊枪运动系统采用机器人或桁架式运动机构来夹持激光焊枪,使激光焊枪竖直放置。Further, the welding torch movement system uses a robot or a truss-type movement mechanism to clamp the laser welding torch so that the laser welding torch is placed vertically.
进一步地,所述焊枪运动系统驱使激光焊枪在焊接时沿预设轨道作圆周运动。Further, the welding torch movement system drives the laser welding torch to make a circular motion along a preset track during welding.
进一步地,所述圆孔的直径为5-30mm,公差为0-0.02mm;所述圆片的公差为-0.02-0mm;所述圆片与圆孔的直径、材质相同,圆片的厚度小于或等于双层真空容器的底部外层金属壳体厚度。Further, the diameter of the round hole is 5-30mm, and the tolerance is 0-0.02mm; the tolerance of the disc is -0.02-0mm; the diameter and material of the disc and the round hole are the same, and the thickness of the disc is Less than or equal to the thickness of the bottom outer metal shell of the double-layer vacuum container.
本发明还提供了一种金属双层真空保温容器的密封装置的密封方法,包括如下步骤:The present invention also provides a sealing method for a sealing device of a metal double-layer vacuum insulation container, comprising the following steps:
步骤一、焊前准备:采用激光切割和钻削的方法,在双层真空容器的底部外层壳体上开圆孔,圆孔直径为5-30mm,公差为0-0.02mm;采用激光、等离子切割或者冲床准备同样直径、同样材质、厚度小于等于容器外层金属壳体厚度的圆片;圆片的原材料较厚时,可采用车床加工其表面,圆片公差为-0.02-0mm;采用无水乙醇或丙酮去除圆片和圆孔表面的有机污物;Step 1. Preparation before welding: use laser cutting and drilling methods to open a round hole on the bottom outer shell of the double-layer vacuum container, the diameter of the round hole is 5-30mm, and the tolerance is 0-0.02mm; use laser, Plasma cutting or punching prepares discs with the same diameter, same material, and thickness less than or equal to the thickness of the outer metal shell of the container; when the raw material of the disc is thicker, the surface can be processed by a lathe, and the tolerance of the disc is -0.02-0mm; Absolute ethanol or acetone to remove organic dirt on the surface of the disc and the round hole;
步骤二、点固:将圆片放置于圆孔中,采用氩弧焊或激光焊方法将二者点焊固定;氩弧焊电流为70-150A,激光焊功率为600-2000W;
步骤三、抽真空:将双层真空容器倒置,双层真空容器的底部朝上放置;将真空罩罩住双层真空容器底部的待焊接区域,并与底部紧贴;打开真空系统和抽气阀门,开始对真空罩进行抽真空,直至真空度≤0.0067Pa;
步骤四、焊接:根据容器外层金属或圆片的厚度及材料性质,设置激光焊参数、焊枪运动系统的运动速度和运动轨迹,开始焊接,以焊透或接近焊透,不损害真空容器内层金属为原则;激光焊参数和焊枪运动速度的设置:激光功率为600-5000W,运动速度为10-100mm/s,离焦量-3mm~3mm,其中,焦点位置在材料表面时,离焦量为0,在材料表面之上时,离焦量为正值,否则为负值;Step 4. Welding: According to the thickness and material properties of the outer layer metal or disc of the container, set the laser welding parameters, the speed and trajectory of the welding torch motion system, and start welding to penetrate or close to the penetration without damaging the vacuum container. Layer metal is the principle; setting of laser welding parameters and welding torch movement speed: laser power is 600-5000W, movement speed is 10-100mm/s, defocus amount -3mm~3mm, among them, when the focus position is on the surface of the material, the defocus The amount is 0, when it is above the surface of the material, the defocus amount is a positive value, otherwise it is a negative value;
步骤五、破真空:焊接完成后,关闭抽气阀门,打开放气阀门,破坏真空罩内真空状态,将真空罩和双层真空容器分离;
步骤六、后处理:采用砂轮和布轮打磨、抛光焊缝,使其更光滑;在容器外层金属壳体较厚、焊后有“收弧坑”时,采用氩弧焊填丝或激光填丝焊的方法,填满该凹坑后打磨、抛光焊缝。Step 6. Post-processing: use grinding wheel and cloth wheel to grind and polish the weld seam to make it smoother; when the outer metal shell of the container is thicker and there are "arc craters" after welding, use argon arc welding wire filling or laser filling The wire welding method, after filling the pit, grinds and polishes the weld seam.
较现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
本发明提供的金属双层真空保温容器的密封装置及方法,采用真空焊接,其焊缝致密、无气孔,密封效果佳,持久稳定。生产效率高。与真空钎焊法、热熔胶方法相比,无需加热,节能。与热熔胶方法和“有尾管”方法相比,无需起遮掩和保护作用的底托,节省材料、减轻重量,且更美观。真空激光焊可获得较大的熔深,即使对于厚壁筒体(容器内外层较厚的情况)也适用。The sealing device and method of the metal double-layer vacuum heat preservation container provided by the invention adopts vacuum welding, and the welding seam is dense and has no pores, and the sealing effect is good and durable and stable. high productivity. Compared with vacuum brazing method and hot melt adhesive method, no heating is required and energy saving is achieved. Compared with the hot-melt adhesive method and the "tailpipe" method, there is no need for a cover and a protective bottom bracket, which saves material, reduces weight, and is more aesthetically pleasing. Vacuum laser welding can achieve greater penetration, even for thick-walled cylinders (thicker inner and outer layers of the container).
综上,应用本发明的技术方案能够解决目前已有各种方法均存在生产效率不够高的问题。To sum up, applying the technical solution of the present invention can solve the problem of insufficient production efficiency existing in various existing methods.
基于上述理由本发明可在真空保温容器的制造等领域广泛推广。Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in fields such as the manufacture of vacuum insulation containers.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图做以简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本发明装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.
图2为本发明双层真空保温容器的焊接密封位置示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the welding sealing position of the double-layer vacuum insulation container of the present invention.
图中:1、设备底座;2、真空罩;3、抽气口;4、密封圈;5、工件;6、焊缝;7、激光束;8、石英玻璃;9、激光焊枪;10、容器外壁;11、容器内壁;12、圆片。In the figure: 1. Equipment base; 2. Vacuum cover; 3. Air extraction port; 4. Sealing ring; 5. Work piece; 6. Welding seam; 7. Laser beam; 8. Quartz glass; 9. Laser welding torch; 10. Container The outer wall; 11, the inner wall of the container; 12, the disc.
具体实施方式detailed description
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的,决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and in no way taken as limiting the invention, its application or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。It should be noted that the terminology used here is only for describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular is intended to include the plural, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they mean There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.
除非另外具体说明,否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时,应当清楚,为了便于描述,附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员己知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论,但在适当情况下,所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中,任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的,而不是作为限制。因此,示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。The relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. At the same time, it should be clear that, for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the authorized description. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as exemplary only, and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiment may have different values. It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.
如图1所示,本发明提供了一种金属双层真空保温容器的密封装置及方法,该方法为一种生产工具用真空保温容器或生活日用品真空保温容器的生产制造方法。金属双层真空容器在日用品、食品、医药、化工等领域应用广泛。在其制造过程中,为实现夹层真空密封,通常采用热熔胶真空加热密封、真空钎焊、带尾管抽真空-尾管焊接等方法。本发明提出新的密封方法,实现更高效、质量更好、更美观的密封焊接。本发明具有创新性和实用性,具有一定的推广价值。本发明有望在公司内、国内外推广。As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a sealing device and method for a metal double-layer vacuum insulation container, which is a manufacturing method for a vacuum insulation container for production tools or a vacuum insulation container for daily necessities. Metal double-layer vacuum containers are widely used in daily necessities, food, medicine, chemical industry and other fields. In its manufacturing process, in order to realize the vacuum sealing of the interlayer, methods such as hot melt adhesive vacuum heating sealing, vacuum brazing, vacuuming with tailpipe-tailpipe welding, etc. are usually used. The invention proposes a new sealing method to realize sealing welding with higher efficiency, better quality and more beautiful appearance. The invention has innovation and practicability, and has certain popularization value. The present invention is expected to be popularized within the company and at home and abroad.
所述金属双层真空保温容器的密封装置,包括:The sealing device of the metal double-layer vacuum insulation container includes:
(1)设备底座1,在设备底座的上表面设置与工件5(待焊的双层真空保温容器)尺寸一致的环形槽,用于该双层真空容器的定位和固定。具体地,将双层真空容器倒置,双层真空容器的底部位于开口的上方(即开口位于下方,底部位于上方),环形槽与双层真空容器的开口处卡接连接,双层真空容器的开口处插入至环形槽中。位于上方的双层真空容器底部的外层壳体上开设有圆孔,圆孔内放置有圆片12。如图2所示,双层真空容器的壳体由容器外壁10和容器内壁11组成,圆孔开设在容器外壁的底部,圆孔与圆片间形成焊缝6(为一圈环形焊缝)。圆孔的直径为5-30mm,公差为0-0.02mm;圆片的公差为-0.02-0mm;圆片与圆孔的直径、材质相同,圆片的厚度小于或等于双层真空容器的底部外层壳体厚度。(1) The equipment base 1 is provided with an annular groove consistent with the size of the workpiece 5 (the double-layer vacuum insulation container to be welded) on the upper surface of the equipment base, for positioning and fixing of the double-layer vacuum container. Specifically, the double-layer vacuum container is turned upside down, the bottom of the double-layer vacuum container is located above the opening (that is, the opening is located below, and the bottom is located above), the annular groove is clamped and connected to the opening of the double-layer vacuum container, and the double-layer vacuum container The opening is inserted into the annular groove. A round hole is provided on the outer casing at the bottom of the double-layer vacuum container above, and a
(2)真空罩2与真空系统,包含一个圆柱形金属真空罩。真空罩罩住双层真空容器底部外层壳体上的待焊接区域,真空罩与双层真空容器底部外层壳体间通过密封圈进行密封,圆孔和圆片置于真空罩内部,真空罩用于提供真空密封环境。真空系统与真空罩相连,用于对真空罩内部以及圆孔和圆片之间的缝隙进行抽真空。真空罩上部开孔,并在开孔位置安装石英玻璃8。石英玻璃与金属真空罩之间通过法兰和螺栓固定连接,且连接处用密封圈密封。真空罩侧部安装抽气口3(真空抽气口),抽气口与抽气管连接。真空系统通过抽气管和抽气口与真空罩相连。真空系统主要由真空泵组、管路、阀门及真空度检测系统组成,真空泵组通过抽气管与抽气口相连,阀门安装在抽气管上,真空度检测系统与真空罩内部相连,用于测量真空罩内部的真空度。真空泵组是包括一台机械式真空泵和一台扩散泵或分子泵组成的二级真空泵组。优选地,选用由机械式真空泵和分子泵组成的二级泵组。各真空泵之间通过管路连接。真空检测系统包括真空计和真空规管,真空规管的接口与抽气口相连,用于测量真空罩内的真空度,并将测量到的真空度值传给真空计进行显示。抽气管上设置抽气阀门和放气阀门;抽气时,抽气阀门打开、放气阀门关闭,而放气阀门打开时,真空罩放气。(2) The
(4)焊接系统,布置在真空罩外,用于对圆片与圆孔间的焊缝进行真空焊接。焊接系统包括激光器、光纤、激光焊枪9及其控制系统。控制系统与激光器相连,用于实现激光器的运行;激光器用于产生激光束7,通过光纤与激光焊枪相连;激光器为光纤式或碟片式激光器。(4) The welding system is arranged outside the vacuum cover and is used for vacuum welding the weld between the wafer and the round hole. The welding system includes laser, optical fiber,
(5)焊枪运动系统,与焊接系统相连,用于支撑固定焊接系统并实现焊接系统的运动。焊枪运动系统采用机器人或桁架式运动机构夹持激光焊枪,使激光焊枪竖直放置,将激光束照射至石英玻璃并透过石英玻璃,对准焊缝,并驱使焊枪在焊接时沿预设轨道作圆周运动。(5) Welding torch motion system, connected with the welding system, is used to support and fix the welding system and realize the movement of the welding system. The welding torch movement system uses a robot or a truss-type movement mechanism to clamp the laser welding torch, place the laser welding torch vertically, irradiate the laser beam to the quartz glass and pass through the quartz glass, align the welding seam, and drive the welding torch along the preset track during welding Make a circular motion.
采用该装置的金属双层真空保温容器的密封方法,包括以下步骤:The sealing method of the metal double-layer vacuum insulation container adopting the device comprises the following steps:
步骤1、焊前准备:采用激光切割+钻削的方法,在双层真空容器的外层底部开圆孔。圆孔直径为5-30mm,公差为0-0.02mm。用激光或等离子切割或者冲床准备同样直径、同样材质、厚度小于等于容器外层金属厚度的圆片。材料较厚时,可采用车床加工其表面。圆片公差为-0.02-0mm。采用无水乙醇或丙酮去除圆片和圆孔表面有机污物。Step 1. Preparation before welding: use the method of laser cutting + drilling to open a round hole at the bottom of the outer layer of the double-layer vacuum container. The diameter of the round hole is 5-30mm, and the tolerance is 0-0.02mm. Laser or plasma cutting or punching is used to prepare discs with the same diameter, the same material, and a thickness less than or equal to the thickness of the outer metal of the container. When the material is thick, the surface can be processed by lathe. The wafer tolerance is -0.02-0mm. Use absolute ethanol or acetone to remove organic dirt on the surface of the disc and the round hole.
步骤2、点固:将圆片放置于圆孔中,采用氩弧焊或激光焊方法将二者点焊固定。氩弧焊电流70-150A。激光焊功率600-2000W。
步骤3、抽真空:将真空保温容器底部朝上放置。将上述真空罩罩住真空容器底部待焊接区域,并与底部紧贴。打开真空系统和抽气阀门,开始抽真空,直至真空度≤0.0067Pa。
步骤4、焊接:根据容器外层金属或圆片的厚度、材料性质,设置激光焊参数、焊枪运动机构的运动速度和运动轨迹,开始焊接。激光焊参数和焊枪运动速度的设置:激光功率为600-5000W,离焦量-3mm~3mm(焦点位置在材料表面时,离焦量为0,在材料表面之上时,离焦量为正值,否则为负值),运动速度为10-100mm/s。以焊透或接近焊透,不损害真空容器内层金属为原则。Step 4. Welding: According to the thickness and material properties of the outer metal or disc of the container, set the laser welding parameters, the moving speed and the moving track of the welding torch movement mechanism, and start welding. Setting of laser welding parameters and welding gun movement speed: laser power is 600-5000W, defocus amount -3mm~3mm (when the focus position is on the surface of the material, the defocus amount is 0, and when it is above the material surface, the defocus amount is positive value, otherwise negative value), the movement speed is 10-100mm/s. The principle is to penetrate or close to penetration without damaging the inner metal of the vacuum vessel.
步骤5、破真空:焊接完成后,关闭抽气阀门,打开放气阀门,破坏真空罩内真空状态。将真空罩和真空容器分离。
步骤6、后处理:采用砂轮和布轮打磨、抛光焊缝,使其更光滑。在容器外层金属较厚、焊后有“收弧坑”(激光焊结束点有凹坑)时,采用氩弧焊填丝或激光填丝焊的方法,填满该凹坑后打磨、抛光焊缝。Step 6, post-processing: use grinding wheel and cloth wheel to grind and polish the weld seam to make it smoother. When the metal on the outer layer of the container is thick and there is an "arc crater" after welding (there is a pit at the end point of laser welding), use argon arc welding wire filling or laser wire filling welding to fill the pit and then grind and polish it. welds.
本发明的原理是:通过真空装置,经预开圆孔和圆片之间的缝隙,去除夹层内空气,使其达到真空状态。然后,通过真空激光焊完成圆片和圆孔的焊接,在保持夹层空间为真空状态的情况下实现密封。因而,焊接完成后,夹层即保持为永久密封的真空状态。The principle of the invention is to remove the air in the interlayer through the gap between the pre-opened round hole and the disc through the vacuum device, so as to make it reach a vacuum state. Then, vacuum laser welding is used to complete the welding of the wafer and the round hole, and the sealing is realized while keeping the interlayer space in a vacuum state. Thus, after the welding is completed, the interlayer remains in a permanently sealed vacuum state.
本发明的益处:(1)真空焊接,其焊缝致密、无气孔,密封效果佳,持久稳定;(2)生产效率高(3)与真空钎焊法、热熔胶方法相比,无需加热,节能(4)与热熔胶方法和“有尾管”方法相比,无需起遮掩和保护作用的底托,节省材料、减轻重量,且更美观;(5)真空激光焊可获得较大的熔深,即使对于厚壁筒体(容器内外层较厚的情况)也适用。Benefits of the present invention: (1) Vacuum welding, its weld seam is dense, without pores, good sealing effect, durable and stable; (2) High production efficiency (3) Compared with vacuum brazing method and hot melt adhesive method, no heating is required , energy saving (4) Compared with the hot melt adhesive method and the "tail pipe" method, there is no need for a cover and a protective bottom bracket, which saves materials, reduces weight, and is more beautiful; (5) Vacuum laser welding can obtain larger The penetration depth is applicable even for thick-walled cylinders (thick inner and outer layers of the container).
实施例1Example 1
采用本发明提出的装置和方法,进行SUS 304不锈钢双层真空保温杯的密封。The device and method proposed by the invention are used to seal the SUS 304 stainless steel double-layer vacuum insulation cup.
首先,采用激光切割方法,在不锈钢保温杯的外层的底部切割出圆孔,再在钻床上用10mm钻头,加工圆孔,使其具有较高精度和更光滑的表面。圆孔直径为20mm。用激光切割下料,准备直径为10mm、同样材质、厚度等于保温杯外层金属厚度(0.6mm)的圆片。采用无水乙醇去除圆片和圆孔表面有机污物。将圆片放置于圆孔中。此时,间隙约为0-0.02mm。采用激光焊方法将二者点焊固定。激光焊功率为600W;沿圆周等距离点焊三个焊点,相邻焊点之间距离为三分之一圆周。将真空保温杯底部朝上放置,且将真空罩放置其上。施加少许压力,使真空罩密封圈与保温杯底贴合。打开真空系统和抽气阀门,开始抽真空,直至真空度低于0.0067Pa。设置激光焊参数、焊枪运动机构的运动速度为:激光功率600W,离焦量为0,焊枪运动速度20mm/s。通过机器人示教设置焊枪运动轨迹为沿圆周匀速运动。开始焊接。焊接完成后,关闭抽气阀门,打开放气阀门,破坏真空罩内真空状态。将真空罩和真空容器分离。检查焊缝,发现焊缝完整,无明显缺陷。采用砂轮和布轮打磨、抛光焊缝,使其更光滑、美观。First, laser cutting is used to cut a round hole at the bottom of the outer layer of the stainless steel thermos cup, and then a 10mm drill bit is used on a drilling machine to process the round hole so that it has a higher precision and a smoother surface. The diameter of the round hole is 20mm. Use laser cutting to prepare a disc with a diameter of 10mm, the same material, and a thickness equal to the thickness of the outer metal of the thermos cup (0.6mm). Use absolute ethanol to remove organic dirt on the surface of the disk and the round hole. Place the disc in the round hole. At this time, the gap is about 0-0.02mm. The two are fixed by spot welding by laser welding. The laser welding power is 600W; three welding spots are spot-welded equidistantly along the circumference, and the distance between adjacent welding spots is one-third of the circle. Place the vacuum mug bottom up with the vacuum hood on top. Apply a little pressure to fit the vacuum cover seal to the bottom of the mug. Open the vacuum system and pumping valve, and start vacuuming until the vacuum degree is lower than 0.0067Pa. Set the laser welding parameters and the movement speed of the welding torch movement mechanism as follows: laser power 600W, defocus amount 0, welding torch movement speed 20mm/s. The trajectory of the welding torch is set to move at a uniform speed along the circumference through robot teaching. Start soldering. After the welding is completed, close the exhaust valve, open the vent valve, and destroy the vacuum state in the vacuum cover. Separate the vacuum hood and vacuum container. Check the weld seam and find that the weld seam is complete and has no obvious defects. Use grinding wheel and cloth wheel to grind and polish the weld to make it smoother and more beautiful.
实施例2Example 2
采用本发明提出的装置和方法,进行6061铝合金双层真空保温桶的密封。The device and method proposed by the invention are used to seal the 6061 aluminum alloy double-layer vacuum insulation barrel.
首先,采用激光切割方法,在双层保温桶的外层的底部切割出圆孔。再在钻床上用20mm钻头,加工圆孔,使其具有较高精度和更光滑的表面。圆孔直径为20mm。用等离子切割下料,准备直径为20mm、同样材质、厚度等于保温桶外层金属厚度(6mm)的圆片。上车床加工,使其较高精度和更光滑的表面。采用无水乙醇去除圆片和圆孔表面有机污物。将圆片放置于圆孔中。此时,间隙约为0-0.02mm。采用氩弧焊方法将二者点焊固定。氩弧焊电流150A,手工点焊。沿圆周等距离点焊三个焊点,相邻焊点之间距离为三分之一圆周。将真空保温桶底部朝上放置,且将真空罩放置其上。施加少许压力,使真空罩密封圈与保温桶底贴合。打开真空系统和抽气阀门,开始抽真空,直至真空度低于0.0067Pa。设置激光焊参数、焊枪运动机构的运动速度为:激光功率3000W,离焦量为-3mm,焊枪运动速度50mm/s。通过机器人示教设置焊枪运动轨迹为沿圆周匀速运动。开始焊接。焊接完成后,关闭抽气阀门,打开放气阀门,破坏真空罩内真空状态。将真空罩和真空容器分离。检查焊缝,发现除收弧点(焊接结束处),焊缝完整,无明显缺陷。采用手工氩弧焊,对收弧点填丝补焊。焊丝为直径1.2mm铝焊丝,氩弧焊电流为150A。采用砂轮和布轮打磨、抛光焊缝,使其更光滑、美观。Firstly, a laser cutting method is used to cut a circular hole at the bottom of the outer layer of the double-layer thermal insulation bucket. Then use a 20mm drill bit on the drill press to process the round hole so that it has a higher precision and a smoother surface. The diameter of the round hole is 20mm. Cut the material with plasma, and prepare a disc with a diameter of 20mm, the same material, and a thickness equal to the metal thickness (6mm) of the outer layer of the thermal insulation barrel. It is machined on a lathe for higher precision and a smoother surface. Use absolute ethanol to remove organic dirt on the surface of the disk and the round hole. Place the disc in the round hole. At this time, the gap is about 0-0.02mm. The two are fixed by spot welding by means of argon arc welding. Argon arc welding current 150A, manual spot welding. Spot weld three welding spots equidistant along the circumference, and the distance between adjacent welding spots is one-third of the circumference. Place the vacuum container bottom up and place the vacuum hood over it. Apply a little pressure to fit the vacuum hood seal to the bottom of the jar. Open the vacuum system and pumping valve, and start vacuuming until the vacuum degree is lower than 0.0067Pa. Set the laser welding parameters and the movement speed of the welding torch movement mechanism as follows: laser power 3000W, defocus amount -3mm, welding torch movement speed 50mm/s. The trajectory of the welding torch is set to move at a uniform speed along the circumference through robot teaching. Start soldering. After the welding is completed, close the exhaust valve, open the vent valve, and destroy the vacuum state in the vacuum cover. Separate the vacuum hood and vacuum container. Check the weld seam and find that the weld seam is complete and has no obvious defects except for the arc-stop point (end of welding). Manual argon arc welding is used, and the arc-stop point is filled with wire for repair welding. The welding wire is aluminum welding wire with a diameter of 1.2mm, and the argon arc welding current is 150A. Use grinding wheel and cloth wheel to grind and polish the weld to make it smoother and more beautiful.
实施例3Example 3
采用本发明提出的装置和方法,进行TC4钛合金双层真空保温桶的密封。The device and method proposed by the invention are used to seal the TC4 titanium alloy double-layer vacuum insulation barrel.
首先,采用激光切割方法,在双层保温桶的外层的底部切割出圆孔。再在钻床上用20mm钻头,加工圆孔,使其具有较高精度和更光滑的表面。圆孔直径为20mm。用激光切割下料,准备直径为20mm、同样材质、厚度等于保温桶外层金属厚度(4mm)的圆片。上车床加工,使其较高精度和更光滑的表面。采用无水乙醇去除圆片和圆孔表面有机污物。将圆片放置于圆孔中。此时,间隙约为0-0.01mm。采用氩弧焊方法将二者点焊固定。氩弧焊电流120A,手工点焊。沿圆周等距离点焊三个焊点,相邻焊点之间距离为三分之一圆周。将真空保温桶底部朝上放置,且将真空罩放置其上。施加少许压力,使真空罩密封圈与保温杯底贴合。打开真空系统和抽气阀门,开始抽真空,直至真空度低于0.0067Pa。设置激光焊参数、焊枪运动机构的运动速度为:激光功率2000W,离焦量为2mm,焊枪运动速度60mm/s。通过机器人示教设置焊枪运动轨迹为沿圆周匀速运动。开始焊接。焊接完成后,关闭抽气阀门,打开放气阀门,破坏真空罩内真空状态。将真空罩和真空容器分离。检查焊缝,发现除收弧点(焊接结束处),焊缝完整,无明显缺陷。采用手工氩弧焊,对收弧点填丝补焊。焊丝为直径2.0mmTA2钛焊丝,氩弧焊电流为120A。采用砂轮和布轮打磨、抛光焊缝,使其更光滑、美观。Firstly, a laser cutting method is used to cut a circular hole at the bottom of the outer layer of the double-layer thermal insulation bucket. Then use a 20mm drill bit on the drill press to process the round hole so that it has a higher precision and a smoother surface. The diameter of the round hole is 20mm. Laser cutting is used to prepare a disc with a diameter of 20mm, the same material, and a thickness equal to the thickness of the outer metal of the thermal insulation barrel (4mm). It is machined on a lathe for higher precision and a smoother surface. Use absolute ethanol to remove organic dirt on the surface of the disk and the round hole. Place the disc in the round hole. At this time, the gap is about 0-0.01mm. The two are fixed by spot welding by means of argon arc welding. Argon arc welding current 120A, manual spot welding. Spot weld three welding spots equidistant along the circumference, and the distance between adjacent welding spots is one-third of the circumference. Place the vacuum container bottom up and place the vacuum hood over it. Apply a little pressure to fit the vacuum cover seal to the bottom of the mug. Open the vacuum system and pumping valve, and start vacuuming until the vacuum degree is lower than 0.0067Pa. Set the laser welding parameters and the movement speed of the welding torch movement mechanism as follows: laser power 2000W, defocus amount 2mm, welding torch movement speed 60mm/s. The trajectory of the welding torch is set to move at a uniform speed along the circumference through robot teaching. Start soldering. After the welding is completed, close the exhaust valve, open the vent valve, and destroy the vacuum state in the vacuum cover. Separate the vacuum hood and vacuum container. Check the weld seam and find that the weld seam is complete and has no obvious defects except for the arc-stop point (end of welding). Manual argon arc welding is used, and the arc-stop point is filled with wire for repair welding. The welding wire is TA2 titanium welding wire with a diameter of 2.0mm, and the argon arc welding current is 120A. Use grinding wheel and cloth wheel to grind and polish the weld to make it smoother and more beautiful.
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. scope.
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CN117161560A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2023-12-05 | 山东龙口三元铝材有限公司 | Coiled material banding welding set |
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