CN115552781A - 电力转换器 - Google Patents

电力转换器 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115552781A
CN115552781A CN202180033285.7A CN202180033285A CN115552781A CN 115552781 A CN115552781 A CN 115552781A CN 202180033285 A CN202180033285 A CN 202180033285A CN 115552781 A CN115552781 A CN 115552781A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
intermediate node
converter
node
phase
terminals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202180033285.7A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
乔迪·埃弗茨
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Puzhuo Technology Innovation Service Co ltd
Original Assignee
Puzhuo Technology Innovation Service Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Puzhuo Technology Innovation Service Co ltd filed Critical Puzhuo Technology Innovation Service Co ltd
Publication of CN115552781A publication Critical patent/CN115552781A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4216Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input operating from a three-phase input voltage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0095Hybrid converter topologies, e.g. NPC mixed with flying capacitor, thyristor converter mixed with MMC or charge pump mixed with buck
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4225Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4233Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a bridge converter comprising active switches
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584Bidirectional converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4833Capacitor voltage balancing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/487Neutral point clamped inverters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007Plural converter units in cascade
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/0074Plural converter units whose inputs are connected in series
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582Buck-boost converters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于在包括三相电压的AC信号与电流隔离式DC信号之间进行转换的电转换器(100),该电转换器包括:三个相端子(A,B,C)和两个DC端子(P,N);第一转换器级(11),该第一转换器级用于在该三个相端子处提供的三相电压与第一中间节点(T)和第二中间节点(B)处的第一信号之间进行转换并且包括相选择器(25),该相选择器包括被配置为将该三个相端子(A,B,C)选择性地连接到第三中间节点(I)的第一有源开关(SS,a,SS,b,SS,c);第二转换器级(12),该第二转换器级被配置用于在第四中间节点(r)和第五中间节点(t)处的第二信号与第六中间节点(P')和第七中间节点(N')处的第三信号之间进行转换;链路,该链路将该第一中间节点(T)连接到该第四中间节点,并将该第二中间节点(B)连接到该第五中间节点;以及电流隔离式DC/DC转换器级(141,142,140),该电流隔离式DC/DC转换器级包括连接到该第六中间节点(P')、第一公共节点(t)和该第七中间节点(N')的第一侧,其中,这些DC端子(P,N)连接到该DC/DC转换器级的与该第一侧电流隔离的第二侧。该第一公共节点(t)可操作地连接到该第三中间节点(I)。该DC/DC转换器级被配置为操作使得在该第三中间节点(I)处提供在该第六中间节点(P')处施加到该DC/DC转换器(141)的第一电流(iP′)与在该第七中间节点(N')处施加到该DC/DC转换器的第二电流(iN′)之差。

Description

电力转换器
技术领域
本发明涉及电力转换领域。特别地,本发明涉及一种用于在三相AC与DC之间进行电流隔离转换的电转换器。
背景技术
如用于为电池驱动的电动车辆充电的电源等典型的三相电流隔离电源包括具有耦合到隔离式DC/DC转换器单元的功率因数校正(PFC)单元的三相整流器。隔离式DC/DC转换器单元在三相整流器单元的DC输出与车辆的电池之间转换电力,该三相整流器单元的DC输出具有700V至800V范围内的典型电压水平,并且该车辆的电池具有250V至450V范围内的典型电压水平。在DC/DC转换器单元的输入电压(例如700V至800V)明显高于DC/DC转换器单元的输出电压(例如250V至450V)的情况下,隔离式DC/DC转换器单元通常包括两个耦合的串入并出隔离式DC/DC转换器。
以下文献结合图3(a)描述了包括升压型整流器单元和连接在升压整流器的输出电容器之间的两个隔离式DC/DC转换器的三相电源:Barbosa P.etal.,“Analysis andevaluation of the two-switch three-level boost rectifier”,32nd annual IEEEPower Electronics Specialists Conference 2001 Conference proceedings,vol.3,17June 2001,pp.1659-1664[Barbosa P.等人,“双开关三电平升压整流器的分析和评估”,第32届IEEE电力电子专家年会2001会议论文集,第3卷,2001年6月17日,第1659-1664页]。整流器单元包括具有耦合到每个相输入的电感器的输入滤波器、无源三相桥式整流器、升压电路和共享DC总线电压的两个输出电容器。
与上述电源相关联的一个缺点是它们往往笨重且昂贵。
以下文献描述了改进的Swiss型整流器:Silva M.et al.,“Isolated Swiss-Forward Three-Phase Rectifier with Resonant Reset”,IEEE Transactions on PowerElectronics,Vol.31,No.7,2016,pp.4795-4808[Silva M.等人,“带谐振复位的隔离Swiss正向三相整流器”,IEEE电力电子学汇刊,第31卷,2016年第7期,第4795-4808页]。Swiss整流器的PFC操作基本上是通过两个堆叠的DC/DC降压转换器和一个有源选择器电路的组合来实现的,该有源选择器电路包括连接到DC/DC降压转换器的公共节点的三个双向开关以允许有源三次谐波电流注入。在其改进的整流器中,这两个DC/DC降压转换器被两个隔离式DC/DC转换器取代。这样就不需要提供次级隔离级。上述转换器的一个缺点是,施加到隔离式DC/DC转换器的输入电压在AC输入相电压的过零点处变为零,导致隔离式DC/DC转换器在这些过零点处的可控性较差,从而导致AC输入电流的总谐波失真较高。同样,隔离式DC/DC转换器的输入电压范围很宽,导致隔离式DC/DC转换器的工作效率低下,从而需要隔离式DC/DC转换器具有过大尺寸。
发明内容
本领域需要提供一种改进的电流隔离式三相AC/DC电源。特别地,本发明的目的是提供更紧凑且更经济的这种电源。目的是提供具有与现有技术的上述类型的电源类似或甚至更好的性能特性的这种电源。
因此,根据本发明,提供了一种电转换器,该电转换器用于将具有至少三个相的AC信号转换成电流隔离式DC信号,反之亦然,如所附权利要求中阐述的。
根据本发明的电转换器包括(至少)三个相端子、两个DC端子、第一转换器级、第二转换器级和第三转换器级。该第一转换器级包括转换电路系统,该转换电路系统被配置用于在该三个相端子处提供的三相电压与第一中间节点和第二中间节点处提供的第一信号之间进行转换。该转换电路系统可以是桥式转换器,该桥式转换器特别地包括用于该至少三个相端子中的每一个的桥臂。该第一转换器级进一步包括相选择器,该相选择器包括被配置为将该三个相端子选择性地连接到第三中间节点的第一有源开关。
该第二转换器级被配置用于在第四中间节点和第五中间节点处的第二信号与第六中间节点和第七中间节点处的第三信号之间进行转换。该第二转换器级包括升压电路或由其组成,该升压电路包括串联堆叠在该第六中间节点与该第七中间节点之间的第一升压电路和第二升压电路。
链路、特别是DC链路将该第一中间节点连接到该第四中间节点,并将该第二中间节点连接到该第五中间节点。该链路可以包括差模滤波器,该差模滤波器特别地可操作地耦合到该第二转换器级。
该第三转换器级包括电流隔离式DC/DC转换器级或由其组成,该电流隔离式DC/DC转换器级包括彼此电流隔离的第一侧和第二侧。该第一侧连接到该第六中间节点、第一公共节点和该第七中间节点。这些DC端子连接到该DC/DC转换器级的第二侧。该第一公共节点可操作地连接到该第三中间节点,并且该DC/DC转换器级被配置为操作使得在该第三中间节点处提供在该第六中间节点处施加到该DC/DC转换器的第一电流与在该第七中间节点处施加到该DC/DC转换器的第二电流之差。该DC/DC转换器级可以被构建为在第一侧具有三个端口的多端口DC/DC转换器,或者可替代地被构建为两个DC/DC转换器,其中,第一侧被堆叠在该第六中间节点与该第七中间节点之间并且将该第一公共节点作为公共节点。
该第一升压电路和该第二升压电路具有第二公共节点。根据本披露内容的一个有利方面,(该第三转换器级的)第一公共节点和(该第二转换器级的)第二公共节点不连接,即它们在这两个节点之间没有直接或等电位链路。同样地,该第二公共节点有利地不连接到该第三中间节点(即,不通过直接或等电位链路或连接来连接)。然而,该第一公共节点和该第三中间节点有利地连接(即,通过直接或等电位链路)。
根据本发明的电转换器的一个优点是,隔离式DC/DC转换器级充当电流注入电路,并且因此不需要附加的三次谐波电流注入电路来获得具有低总谐波失真和/或单位功率因数的正弦市电电流。然而,通过将该DC/DC(第三)转换器级作为三次谐波电流注入电路来操作,有利地得到该DC/DC转换器级的第一侧(该第六中间节点与该第一公共节点之间以及该第一公共节点与该第七中间节点之间)的电压保持为正并且不同于零,特别是在AC相电压的过零点处。这可以通过将该第一公共节点与该第二公共节点分开来实现,并且导致该第三转换器级的更好可控性。此外,该电流注入电路运行所需的电能储存元件可以省去,因为它们由已经存在于该隔离式DC/DC转换器级中的部件接管。因此,根据本发明的电转换器更紧凑,需要更少的部件,并且因此更具经济性。
根据本发明的第二方面,提供了一种电池充电系统,如用于给电动车辆的电池或电动马达驱动系统充电,该电池充电系统包括电源,该电源包括如本文所述的电转换器。
附图说明
现在将参考附图更详细地描述本发明的方面,其中相同的附图标记展示了相同的特征,并且在附图中:
图1示意性地示出了根据本发明的电力转换器。
图2表示了AC三相电网电压和电流。
图3表示了上部中间节点处的电压和电流。
图4表示了下部中间节点处的电压和电流。
图5表示了中部中间节点处的电压和电流。
图6在单个图中表示了图3至图5的电压、以及在AC电网电压的整个周期(360°)期间上部升压节点和下部升压节点处的升压电压。
图7表示了在AC电网电压的整个周期(360°)期间隔离式DC/DC转换器的输入电压。
图8表示了在AC电网电压的整个周期(360°)期间隔离式DC/DC转换器的输入电流。
图9表示了在AC电网电压的整个周期(360°)期间隔离式DC/DC转换器的输出功率。
图10表示了用于根据本发明的电转换器中的电流隔离式DC/DC转换器的拓扑结构。
图11表示了用作根据本发明的电转换器中的第三转换器级的多端口电流隔离式DC/DC转换器的拓扑结构。
图12表示了根据本披露内容的各方面的电池充电系统的图。
具体实施方式
参考图1,电力转换器100的示例性实施例包括第一转换器级11、第二转换器级12、输入滤波器13和输出滤波器15。电转换器100进一步包括第三转换器级14。
电转换器100是AC到DC转换器,其具有连接到三相AC电网21的三相电压的三个相输入端子A、B、C,以及例如可以连接到DC负载22(如电动汽车的高压电池(例如,250V至450V))的两个DC端子P、N。
第一转换器级11包括连接到三个相输入端子A、B、C的三个相节点a、b、c,以及三个输出节点T、I、B。这些输出节点可以被视为上部中间节点T、下部中间节点B和中部中间节点I。
第一转换器级11包括转换电路系统24,该转换电路系统用于在三个相节点a、b、c处提供的具有三相电压的三相AC信号与上部中间节点T和下部中间节点b之间的中间(DC)信号之间进行转换。当从AC转换到DC时,转换电路系统24用作整流器,而当从DC转换到AC时,转换电路系统用作逆变器。转换电路系统24有利地包括由三个桥臂16、17、18组成的三相桥式电路系统,其中,每个桥臂可以包括以半桥配置形式连接的两个有源(双向)或无源半导体开关设备。在图1的示例中,桥式电路系统24充当三相桥式整流器,所述桥式整流器在每个桥臂中包括一对有源开关设备:桥臂16为SR,a1和SR,a2,桥臂17为SR,b1和SR,b2,桥臂18为SR,c1和SR,c2。可替代地,可以使用二极管来代替有源开关设备,以获得无源、单向三相桥式整流器。
第一转换器级11进一步包括相选择器25,该相选择器包括三个电压双向半导体开关设备(SS,a、SS,b和SS,c),这些设备允许电流的双向中断和电压的双向阻断。这些电流双向开关设备中的每一个都可以包括两个反向串联连接的有源半导体开关设备。
桥式电路系统24和/或相选择器25的每个有源半导体开关设备有利地包括反向并联二极管。举例来说,金属氧化物场效应晶体管(MOSFET)用于有源半导体开关设备,并且各自可以包括可以代替外部反向并联二极管的内部反向并联体二极管。
第二转换器级12包括两个堆叠的升压电路19、20或由其组成。每个升压电路19、20有利地包括以半桥配置连接的第一升压开关(ST2用于上部升压电路19以及SB1用于下部升压电路20)和第二升压开关(ST1用于上部升压电路19以及SB2用于下部升压电路20)。第一升压开关和第二升压开关可以是有源双向开关,这些有源双向开关允许双向电流流动,但是仅在一种意义上出现电流中断,例如具有反向并联(体)二极管的MOSFET开关设备。可替代地,第二升压开关ST1和SB2可以用二极管代替。上部升压电路19的中部节点(开关节点)r经由上部升压电感器LT连接到上部中间电压节点T。下部升压电路20的中部节点(开关节点)s经由下部升压电感器LB连接到下部中间电压节点B。上部升压电路19和下部升压电路20的第一开关在上部升压电路19和下部升压电路20的公共节点m中彼此连接。上部升压电路19的第二升压开关ST1连接在中部节点r与上部升压节点P’之间。下部升压电路20的第二升压开关SB2连接在中部节点s与下部升压节点N’之间。
上部升压电感器LT和下部升压电感器LB形成输入滤波器13的电感部分。输入滤波器13的电容部分有利地由两个高频(HF)滤波电容器CT、CB形成,每个高频滤波电容器连接在相应的上部中间电压节点T和下部中间节点B与公共节点之间,该公共节点可以进一步连接到升压电路19与20之间的公共节点m。通常,有利的是,两个电容器CT、CB具有基本上相等的电容以便对称地加载AC电网。
输出滤波器15包括两个串联连接的输出滤波电容器C,这两个串联连接的输出滤波电容器有利地具有相等电容,分别连接在上部升压电路19的输出端P’与下部升压电路20的输出端N’之间。P’和N’在下文中将分别被称为上部升压节点和下部升压节点。输出滤波电容器C之间的中点节点q有利地连接到上部升压电路19和下部升压电路20之间的公共节点m。可替代地,可以提供连接在上部升压节点P’与下部升压节点N’之间的单个输出滤波电容器。
上部升压电路19连接在上部升压节点P’与公共节点m之间(有利地与上部输出滤波电容器并联),并且以如下方式布置:当开关ST2断开(非导通,关闭状态)时电流可以经由开关ST1从上部中间节点T流到上部升压节点P’(反之亦然),并且当开关ST2闭合(导通,接通状态)时电流可以经由开关ST2从上部中间节点T流到公共节点m(反之亦然)。升压电路19的升压开关ST2至少是有源控制的半导体开关设备(例如MOSFET),其可以通过脉冲宽度调制来操作。在用二极管DT1代替开关ST1的情况下,当开关ST2断开(非导通,关闭状态)时电流可以经由二极管DT1从上部中间节点T流到上部升压节点P’,但是电流不能从上部升压节点P’流到上部中间节点T。
下部升压电路20连接在公共节点m与下部升压节点N’之间(有利地与下部输出滤波电容器并联),并且以如下方式布置:当开关SB1断开(非导通,关闭状态)时电流可以经由开关SB2从下部升压节点N’流到下部中间节点B(反之亦然),并且当开关SB1闭合(导通,接通状态)时电流可以经由开关SB1从公共节点m流到下部中间节点B(反之亦然)。升压电路20的升压开关SB1至少是有源控制的半导体开关设备(例如MOSFET),其可以通过脉冲宽度调制来操作。在用二极管DB2代替开关SB2的情况下,当开关SB1断开(非导通,关闭状态)时电流可以经由二极管DB2从下部升压节点N’流到下部中间节点B,但是电流不能从下部中间节点B流到下部升压节点N’。
电转换器可选地包括用于连接到电网的中性导体的中性端子(未示出)。中性端子可以连接到高频(HF)滤波电容器CT、CB的公共节点k和/或第一升压电路19和第二升压电路20的公共节点m。参考图1,公共节点m连接到高频(HF)滤波电容器CT、CB的公共节点k。
第三转换器级14由两个电流隔离式DC/DC转换器141、142形成,这两个电流隔离式DC/DC转换器的输入端跨上部升压节点P’和下部升压节点N’串联连接,并且其输出端通过如图1所示的并联连接或者通过串联连接而连接到转换器100的输出端子P、N。可以提供一种开关设备,该开关设备允许在跨输出端子P、N的并联连接与串联连接之间对隔离式DC/DC转换器141、142的输出端进行换向。隔离式DC/DC转换器141、142的输入端之间的公共节点t有利地直接连接到中部中间节点I,而在中部中间节点I与t之间的路径中没有任何电感器。
现有技术中已知的任何合适的电流隔离式DC/DC转换器都可以用于转换器141和142。转换器141和142的一种可能的DC/DC转换器拓扑结构在图10中表示为双向全桥DC/DC转换器。这种转换器包括具有节点F1、G1和第一全桥转换器电路411的第一侧,以及具有节点F2、G2和第二全桥转换器电路412的第二侧。第一全桥转换器电路411和第二全桥转换器电路412通过例如具有1:1绕组比(也可以使用任何其他合适的绕组比)并且执行电流隔离式变压器410耦合。第一全桥转换器电路411的桥臂中的开关是有源半导体开关设备。第二全桥转换器电路412的桥臂中的开关可以是有源或无源半导体开关设备。在第二全桥转换器电路412中使用有源开关的情况下,隔离式DC/DC转换器可以用于双向功率流。
第一侧节点F1、G1分别连接到上部隔离式DC/DC转换器141的节点P’和t,并且分别连接到下部隔离式DC/DC转换器142的节点t和N’。第二侧节点F2、G2通过转换器141与142之间的串联连接或并联连接而连接到转换器100的DC端子P、N。
图10的拓扑结构仅是可以用于DC/DC转换器141和142的可能的转换器拓扑结构的示例性实施例。举例来说,可以省略第一侧的电感器LAC,1和第二侧的电感器LDC,2中的任一个。
参考图11,多端口电流隔离式DC/DC转换器140的示例性实施例可以代替DC/DC转换器141和142来充当第三转换器级14。该转换器包括第一侧421,其节点连接到节点P’、t和N’,如图11所指示的,并且其作用类似于两个堆叠的有源全桥。第二侧422可以包括具有有源或无源半导体开关的全桥转换器电路。
用于第三转换器级14中的DC/DC转换器的进一步合适的拓扑结构在KrismerFlorian的“Modeling and Optimization of Bidirectional Dual Active Bridge DC-DCConverter Topologies[双向双有源桥DC-DC转换器拓扑结构的建模和优化]”,苏黎世ETH论文号19177,2010中描述,该文献可在线获得:
https://www.pes-publications.ee.ethz.ch/uploads/tx_ethpublications/Krismer_2011_03_17_Modeling_and_Optimization_of_Bidirectional_Dual_Active_Bridge_DC-DC_Converter_Topologies.pdf
再次参考图1,电力转换器100可以包括控制单元30,该控制单元有利地控制电转换器100的所有有源半导体开关设备,从而经由通信接口31向每个开关发送控制信号。特别地,桥式电路系统24的半导体开关设备SR,a1、SR,a2、SR,b1、SR,b2、SR,c1、SR,c2、相选择器25的开关设备SS,a、SS,b和SS,c以及升压开关ST2、SB1、ST1和SB2由控制器30通过接口31主动控制。升压开关ST2、SB1、ST1和SB2以及可能的其他有源开关设备特别地基于脉冲宽度调制来控制。此外,控制单元可以包括一个或多个测量输入端口(32,33,34,35,37,38,39),以用于接收以下各项中的一项或多项的测量结果:
·32:AC电网相电压va,vb,vc
·33:中间电流iT,iB,iI
·34:DC总线电压VPN
·35:节点q处的输出滤波电容器的中点电压VCM
·37:输出滤波器15的DC总线电压vP′q,vqN′
·38:隔离式DC/DC转换器的输入电压vP′t,vtN′
·39:隔离式DC/DC转换器的输入电流iP′,iN′
该控制单元还可以包括输入端口36,以用于接收设定值,该设定值可以是所请求的DC输出电压
Figure BDA0003927104900000081
另外,控制单元30有利地控制隔离式DC/DC转换器141、142或140的至少第一侧411、421的有源开关。
电转换器100基本上将由第一转换器级11、输入滤波器13、第二功率(升压)级12和输出滤波器15形成的升压型三相整流器与两个串联连接的隔离式DC/DC转换器相结合。根据本发明,隔离式DC/DC转换器级与相选择器25一起充当三次谐波电流注入电路,避免了对附加的传统降压-升压电路和升压电感器的需要,从而产生更紧凑的设计。
当三相AC电网21连接到具有AC电网相电压va,vb,vc的输入端子A、B、C时(图2),三相桥式电路系统24充当整流器并确保AC电网相电压va,vb,vc的瞬时最高电压被施加到上部中间节点T,从而在T处获得如图3所示的电压vT,并且AC电网相电压va,vb,vc的瞬时最低电压被施加到下部中间节点B,从而在B处获得如图3所示的电压vB。为了实现这一点,对应的相连接节点a、b或c经由对应桥臂16、17、18的上部开关或下部开关与中间节点T或B连接,同时对应的选择器开关SS,a、SS,b或SS,c断开(非导通,关闭状态)。相选择器开关SS,a、SS,b和SS,c例如由控制器30控制,使得AC电网相电压va,vb,vc的最高电压与最低电压之间的瞬时中间电压被施加到中部中间节点I,从而在I处获得如图5所示的电压vI。在AC电源电压周期(360°)内的整个特定60°扇形期间,选择器开关(SS,a、SS,b和SS,c)的开关状态为持续“接通”或“关闭”。同样,在AC电源电压的周期(360°)内,在整个特定扇形(例如60°)期间,桥式电路系统24的开关为“导通”或“非导通”。桥式整流器和相选择器的开关的状态组合对于三相AC输入电压的每个60°扇形都是唯一的并且取决于AC电网相输入端(A,B,C)的电压值。开关的6种唯一状态的序列会在AC电源电压的每个周期(360°)内重复其自身。
参考图6,上部升压级19和下部升压级20确保上部升压节点P’处的电压vP′与上部中间节点T处的电压vT相比逐步升高,并且下部升压节点N’处的电压vN′与下部中间节点B处的电压vB相比逐步降低。当具有相等电容的两个输出滤波器C用于输出滤波器15,并且输出滤波电容器C之间的中点节点q连接到上部升压电路19与下部升压电路20之间的公共节点m以及输入滤波器13的滤波电容器CT和CB的公共节点时,节点q处的中点电位可以被控制为等于三相AC电网21的星点电位,即vCM=0,或者被控制为具有如图6所示的三次谐波电压含量。这可以通过适当地控制升压电路19、20来实现。特别地,升压电路19和20能够通过向开关ST2、SB1的PWM占空比添加公共偏移来向节点r和s注入公共偏移电压。该公共电压反映到受控的vCM中。
参考图7,第二转换器级12(升压级)确保在AC电网相电压的过零点处,上部DC/DC转换器141的输入端处的DC电压vP′t(在节点P’与t之间)和下部DC/DC转换器142的输入端处的DC电压vtN′(在节点t与N’之间)总是保持在零以上。这确保了隔离式DC/DC转换器在所有操作点的良好可控性,从而改善了AC电网电流的总谐波失真并提高了隔离式DC/DC转换器的效率。
参考图8,通过节点P’和N’(以及因此通过隔离式DC/DC转换器级14)输入电流iP′和iN′可以被控制为总是不同于零。控制单元30可以例如通过对(多个)隔离式DC/DC转换器141、142或140(的第一侧411、421)的有源开关的适当(PWM)控制来(独立地)控制输入电流iP′和iN′,使得iP′和iN′之差导致通过中间节点I的期望的三次谐波注入电流iI(图5)。因此,避免了对用于获得期望的三次谐波电流iI的附加三次谐波电流注入电路的需要,从而产生更紧凑的设计。
一方面在节点T与B之间、另一方面在节点r与s之间的DC链路中的输入滤波器13可以仅包括两个电感器LT和LB,这两个电感器分别可操作地耦合到上部中间节点T和下部中间节点B,而没有任何电感器可操作地耦合到中部中间节点I。换句话说,中部中间节点I与隔离式DC/DC转换器的输入之间的公共节点T之间的电流注入线可能没有电感储能元件。可替代地,可以在节点I与t之间提供第三电感器。
根据本发明的电转换器有利地用于从三相AC转换到DC和/或反之亦然。特别有用的应用是在电池充电器的电源单元中,特别是用于为电动(马达驱动的)车辆的电池充电。
参考图12,电池充电系统400包括电源单元404。电源单元404在一侧通过端子A、B、C耦合到AC电网,可能另外耦合到中性导体N,并且在另一侧(在DC端子P、N处)耦合到允许将电源单元404连接到电池403的接口402,例如包括开关设备。电源单元404包括如上所述的电转换器100。如在无线电力传输的情况下(未示出),电源单元404可以进一步包括通过空气感应耦合的一对线圈。在一些情况下,例如在有线电力传输中,接口402可以包括插头和插座。可替代地,插头和插座可以设置在输入端处(例如,在节点A、B、C、n处)。
在以下编号条款中阐述了本披露内容的各方面。
1.一种用于在包括三相电压的AC信号与电流隔离式DC信号之间进行转换的电转换器(100),该电转换器包括:
三个相端子(A,B,C)和两个DC端子(P,N),
第一转换器级(11),该第一转换器级包括转换电路系统(24)和相选择器(25),该转换电路系统被配置用于在该三个相端子处的三相电压与第一中间节点(T)和第二中间节点(B)处的第一信号之间进行转换,该相选择器包括第一有源开关(SS,a,SS,b,SS,c),这些第一有源开关被配置为将该三个相端子(A,B,C)选择性地连接到第三中间节点(I),
第二转换器级(12),该第二转换器级被配置用于在第四中间节点(r)和第五中间节点(t)处的第二信号与第六中间节点(P’)和第七中间节点(N’)处的第三信号之间进行转换,其中,该第二转换器级包括可操作地耦合到该第六中间节点和该第七中间节点(P’,N’)的升压电路(19,20),
链路(13),该链路将该第一中间节点(T)连接到该第四中间节点,并将该第二中间节点(B)连接到该第五中间节点,以及
第三转换器级(14),该第三转换器级包括电流隔离式DC/DC转换器级(141,142,140),该电流隔离式DC/DC转换器级包括连接到该第六中间节点(P’)、第一公共节点(t)和该第七中间节点(N’)的第一侧,其中,这些DC端子(P,N)连接到该DC/DC转换器级的与该第一侧电流隔离的第二侧,其中,该第一公共节点(t)可操作地连接到该第三中间节点(I),并且其中,该DC/DC转换器级被配置为操作使得在该第三中间节点(I)处提供在该第六中间节点(P’)处施加到该DC/DC转换器(141)的第一电流(iP′)与在该第七中间节点(N’)处施加到该DC/DC转换器的第二电流(iN′)之差。
2.如条款1所述的电转换器,其中,该相选择器(25)被配置为沿没有电感储存元件的电流路径将该三个相端子(A,B,C)选择性地连接到该第一公共节点(t)。
3.如条款1或2所述的电转换器,其中,该升压电路包括堆叠在该第六中间节点与该第七中间节点之间的第一升压电路(19)和第二升压电路(20),其中,该第一升压电路和该第二升压电路具有第二公共节点(m)。
4.如条款3所述的电转换器,包括中性端子,该中性端子用于连接到承载该AC信号的中性相的中性导体,其中,该中性端子连接到该第二公共节点(m)。
5.如前述条款中任一项所述的电转换器,其中,该链路(13)包括通过至少一个电容器(CT,CB)连接该第一中间节点(T)和该第二中间节点(B)的电容部分。
6.如条款4和5所述的电转换器,其中,电容部分包括第三公共节点,并且其中,该中性端子连接到该第三公共节点。
7.如前述条款中任一项所述的电转换器,其中,该链路(13)包括可操作地耦合到该第二转换器级的第一电感储存元件(LT)以及优选地第二电感储存元件(LB)。
8.如前述条款中任一项所述的电转换器,包括控制单元(30),其中,该控制单元被配置为操作这些第一有源开关(SS,a,SS,b,SS,c)以将具有该三相电压中的最低瞬时绝对电压值的相端子(A,B,C)连接到该第三中间节点(I)。
9.如条款8所述的电转换器,包括可操作地耦合到该控制单元(30)的测量装置,该测量装置用于测量该第三信号和该第三中间节点(I)处的信号的参数。
10.如前述条款中任一项所述的电转换器,其中,该电流隔离式DC/DC转换器级包括第一电流隔离式DC/DC转换器(141)和第二电流隔离式DC/DC转换器(142),该第一电流隔离式DC/DC转换器包括连接到该第六中间节点(P’)和该第一公共节点(t)的第一侧,该第二电流隔离式DC/DC转换器包括连接到该第一公共节点(t)和该第七中间节点(N’)的第一侧,其中,这些DC端子(P,N)连接到该第一DC/DC转换器和该第二DC/DC转换器的第二侧。
11.如条款10所述的电转换器,其中,该第一隔离式DC/DC转换器和该第二隔离式DC/DC转换器(141,142)的第二侧跨这些DC端子(P,N)并联或串联连接。
12.一种电池充电系统,特别是用于给电动车辆的电池充电,该电池充电系统包括电源单元,该电源单元包括如前述条款中任一项所述的电转换器(100)。
13.一种电动马达驱动系统,该电动马达驱动系统包括电源单元,该电源单元包括如条款1至11中任一项所述的电转换器(100)。

Claims (13)

1.一种用于在包括三相电压的AC信号与电流隔离式DC信号之间进行转换的电转换器(100),该电转换器包括:
三个相端子(A,B,C)和两个DC端子(P,N),
第一转换器级(11),该第一转换器级包括转换电路系统(24)和相选择器(25),该转换电路系统被配置用于在该三个相端子处的三相电压与第一中间节点(T)和第二中间节点(B)处的第一信号之间进行转换,该相选择器包括第一有源开关(SS,a,SS,b,SS,c),这些第一有源开关被配置为将该三个相端子(A,B,C)选择性地连接到第三中间节点(I),
第二转换器级(12),该第二转换器级被配置用于在第四中间节点(r)和第五中间节点(t)处的第二信号与第六中间节点(P’)和第七中间节点(N’)处的第三信号之间进行转换,其中,该第二转换器级包括可操作地耦合到该第六中间节点和该第七中间节点(P’,N’)的升压电路(19,20),
链路(13),该链路将该第一中间节点(T)连接到该第四中间节点,并将该第二中间节点(B)连接到该第五中间节点,以及
第三转换器级(14),该第三转换器级包括电流隔离式DC/DC转换器级(141,142,140),该电流隔离式DC/DC转换器级包括连接到该第六中间节点(P’)、第一公共节点(t)和该第七中间节点(N’)的第一侧,其中,这些DC端子(P,N)连接到该DC/DC转换器级的与该第一侧电流隔离的第二侧,其中,该第一公共节点(t)可操作地连接到该第三中间节点(I),并且其中,该DC/DC转换器级被配置为操作使得在该第三中间节点(I)处提供在该第六中间节点(P’)处施加到该DC/DC转换器级的第一电流(iP′)与在该第七中间节点(N’)处施加到该DC/DC转换器级的第二电流(iN′)之差,
其中,该升压电路包括堆叠在该第六中间节点与该第七中间节点之间的第一升压电路(19)和第二升压电路(20),其中,该第一升压电路和该第二升压电路具有第二公共节点(m),该第二公共节点没有到该第一公共节点(t)和该第三中间节点(I)的直接链路。
2.如权利要求1所述的电转换器,其中,该相选择器(25)被配置为沿没有电感储存元件的电流路径将该三个相端子(A,B,C)选择性地连接到该第一公共节点(t)。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的电转换器,进一步包括输出滤波器(15),该输出滤波器包括连接在该第六中间节点(P’)与该第七中间节点(N’)之间的两个串联连接的输出滤波器电容器(C),其中,这些输出滤波器电容器(C)之间的中点节点(q)连接到该第二公共节点(m)。
4.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的电转换器,其中,该链路(13)包括通过至少一个电容器(CT,CB)连接该第一中间节点(T)和该第二中间节点(B)的电容部分。
5.如权利要求4所述的电转换器,其中,该电容部分包括连接到该第二公共节点(m)的第三公共节点(k)。
6.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的电转换器,包括中性端子,该中性端子用于连接到承载该AC信号的中性相的中性导体,其中,该中性端子连接到该第二公共节点(m)。
7.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的电转换器,其中,该链路(13)包括可操作地耦合到该第二转换器级的第一电感储存元件(LT)以及优选地第二电感储存元件(LB)。
8.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的电转换器,包括控制单元(30),其中,该控制单元被配置为操作这些第一有源开关(SS,a,SS,b,SS,c)以将具有该三相电压中的最低瞬时绝对电压值的相端子(A,B,C)连接到该第三中间节点(I)。
9.如权利要求8所述的电转换器,包括可操作地耦合到该控制单元(30)的测量装置,该测量装置用于测量该第三信号和该第三中间节点(I)处的信号的参数。
10.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的电转换器,其中,该电流隔离式DC/DC转换器级包括第一电流隔离式DC/DC转换器(141)和第二电流隔离式DC/DC转换器(142),该第一电流隔离式DC/DC转换器包括连接到该第六中间节点(P’)和该第一公共节点(t)的第一侧,该第二电流隔离式DC/DC转换器包括连接到该第一公共节点(t)和该第七中间节点(N’)的第一侧,其中,这些DC端子(P,N)连接到该第一DC/DC转换器和该第二DC/DC转换器的第二侧。
11.如权利要求10所述的电转换器,其中,该第一隔离式DC/DC转换器和该第二隔离式DC/DC转换器(141,142)的第二侧跨这些DC端子(P,N)并联或串联连接。
12.一种电池充电系统,特别是用于给电动车辆的电池充电,该电池充电系统包括电源单元,该电源单元包括如前述权利要求中任一项所述的电转换器(100)。
13.一种电动马达驱动系统,该电动马达驱动系统包括电源单元,该电源单元包括如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的电转换器(100)。
CN202180033285.7A 2020-05-04 2021-05-03 电力转换器 Pending CN115552781A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2025504A NL2025504B1 (en) 2020-05-04 2020-05-04 Electrical power converter
NL2025504 2020-05-04
PCT/EP2021/061592 WO2021224192A1 (en) 2020-05-04 2021-05-03 Electrical power converter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115552781A true CN115552781A (zh) 2022-12-30

Family

ID=71111779

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202180033285.7A Pending CN115552781A (zh) 2020-05-04 2021-05-03 电力转换器

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20230223861A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4147339B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2023523864A (zh)
KR (1) KR20230004853A (zh)
CN (1) CN115552781A (zh)
IL (1) IL297843A (zh)
NL (1) NL2025504B1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2021224192A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116345902A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2023-06-27 法雷奥电机控制系统公司 安全功率开关装置,电压转换器和电动车
CN114400898A (zh) * 2022-03-08 2022-04-26 广州菲利斯太阳能科技有限公司 基于buck-boost的逆变电路功率调节方法及系统
WO2023234898A1 (en) * 2022-06-01 2023-12-07 Aselsan Elektroni̇k Sanayi̇ Ve Ti̇caret Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ Three-phase, three-level, transformerless, t-typ inverter with bipolar buck-boost converter on the dc side

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8792254B2 (en) * 2011-06-28 2014-07-29 General Electric Company Multilevel power converter and methods of manufacturing and operation thereof
US10112251B2 (en) * 2012-07-23 2018-10-30 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Method and apparatus for providing welding type power
FR3064848B1 (fr) * 2017-04-04 2019-04-05 Renault S.A.S Procede de commande d'un dispositif de charge embarque sur un vehicule electrique ou hybride.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20230004853A (ko) 2023-01-06
IL297843A (en) 2023-01-01
EP4147339C0 (en) 2024-03-06
EP4147339A1 (en) 2023-03-15
WO2021224192A1 (en) 2021-11-11
NL2025504B1 (en) 2021-11-18
US20230223861A1 (en) 2023-07-13
EP4147339B1 (en) 2024-03-06
JP2023523864A (ja) 2023-06-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN110120752B (zh) 功率变换器及其控制方法
EP4147339B1 (en) Electrical power converter
CN110277904B (zh) 一种功率因数校正电路及车载充电机
US20230155518A1 (en) Electrical power converter
CN210075077U (zh) 一种功率因数校正电路及车载充电机
US11296607B2 (en) DC-DC converter
CN103929074B (zh) 单级交流/直流变换器
CN107294413A (zh) 电力变换装置
CN110945770A (zh) 直流耦合电气转换器
CN109842182B (zh) 供电系统
KR20230052286A (ko) 모듈식 재구성 가능한 전기 ac/dc 변환기
Strothmann et al. Common-mode-free bidirectional three-phase PFC-rectifier for non-isolated EV charger
CN115699547A (zh) 电气功率转换器
CN114008902A (zh) 电转换器
Qian et al. 3X DC-DC multiplier/divider for HEV systems
CN108494229B (zh) 一种交直流通用型电力路由器拓扑及其控制方法
Petersen et al. Design of a highly efficient inductive power transfer (IPT) system for low voltage applications
KR102371910B1 (ko) Dc-dc 컨버터
Kamarajugadda et al. 7.2 kW Multifunctional and Integrated On-board Electric Vehicle Charger
JP2022164539A (ja) 充電装置
CN115735322A (zh) 电力转换器
WO2019168755A1 (en) Cascaded modular multilevel converter for medium-voltage power electronics systems
He Multilevel DC-DC power conversion system with multiple bridge modular switched-capacitor converter
Dao et al. Modulation and control of single-stage bidirectional isolated direct-matrix-based AC-DC converters
EP4300798A1 (en) Resonant power converter

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination