CN115539325B - Tower vibration early warning method based on wind turbine generator - Google Patents
Tower vibration early warning method based on wind turbine generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN115539325B CN115539325B CN202211182224.XA CN202211182224A CN115539325B CN 115539325 B CN115539325 B CN 115539325B CN 202211182224 A CN202211182224 A CN 202211182224A CN 115539325 B CN115539325 B CN 115539325B
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005316 response function Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/82—Forecasts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a tower vibration early warning method based on a wind turbine, which comprises the following steps: obtaining a maximum reference vibration circle of a tower of the wind turbine to be tested under rated power; obtaining a maximum dynamic vibration circle of a tower of the wind turbine to be tested under the running condition; comparing the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower with the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower, and judging whether the tower is abnormal or not according to a comparison result; the invention effectively reduces the vibration response of the tower under the variable working condition and improves the accuracy and reliability of the vibration judgment of the tower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of monitoring and evaluating health states of wind turbines, and particularly relates to a vibration early warning method based on a wind turbine tower.
Background
In order to better capture wind energy and reduce operation load, a variable-speed variable-pitch control mode is commonly adopted for a large-scale wind turbine generator; the wide rotating speed running range of the wind wheel can cause the frequency of the wind wheel to coincide with the natural frequency of the tower at a rotating speed point, so that induced vibration is generated; different vibrations can cause different influences on the tower, and the excessive vibration has great adverse effects on the stability and the service life of the whole machine, so that the vibration early warning of the tower has practical significance.
The conventional vibration identification method is based on forced vibration and free vibration, utilizes a frequency response function in a frequency domain or an impulse response function in a time domain to solve the first-order natural frequency of the tower, and then combines the superposition of the wind wheel rotation frequency and the natural frequency of the tower at a rotating speed point to identify the vibration; although the method is simple and visual in judging the vibration of the tower, as the running environment of the wind turbine generator is complex and changeable, the interaction mechanism of wind load and the structure of the wind turbine generator is very complex, the rigidity of the tower can be degraded along with the increase of the running period, and the accuracy and reliability of engineering application of the wind turbine generator are required to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vibration early warning method based on a wind turbine tower, which solves the defect of low accuracy in the existing vibration early warning of the wind turbine tower.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a tower vibration early warning method based on a wind turbine, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining a maximum reference vibration circle of a tower of the wind turbine to be tested under rated power;
obtaining a maximum dynamic vibration circle of a tower of the wind turbine to be tested under the running condition;
comparing the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower with the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower, and judging whether the tower is abnormal or not according to a comparison result.
Preferably, the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower of the wind turbine to be tested under rated power is obtained, and the specific method is as follows:
acquiring the inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude of a tower of the wind turbine to be tested under rated power;
and drawing the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower according to the obtained inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude.
Preferably, the inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude of the tower of the wind turbine to be tested under rated power are obtained, and the specific method is as follows:
acquiring acceleration data of the tower in the orthogonal direction and acceleration data of the tower in the horizontal direction under rated power in real time respectively;
and performing polar coordinate conversion on the obtained acceleration data in the orthogonal direction of the tower and the acceleration data in the horizontal direction of the tower to obtain the inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude of the tower.
Preferably, a maximum dynamic vibration circle of a tower of the wind turbine to be tested under the running condition is obtained, and the specific method is as follows:
acquiring real-time operation data of the wind turbine to be tested under an operation condition, wherein the operation data comprise an incoming wind speed, a yaw area, a real-time inclination azimuth angle of a tower and a real-time vibration amplitude of the tower;
dividing the operation data into bins by utilizing the incoming wind speed and the yaw area to obtain a plurality of bin dividing areas;
drawing to obtain a dynamic vibration circle of the tower in each sub-bin area according to the real-time inclination azimuth angle and the real-time vibration amplitude of the tower in each sub-bin area;
and selecting and obtaining a maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower from the obtained dynamic vibration circles of the plurality of towers.
Preferably, the running data is divided into bins by utilizing the incoming wind speed and the yaw area to obtain a plurality of divided bin areas, and the specific method is as follows:
setting a wind speed threshold value, and dividing the incoming flow wind speed in the operation data by a set step length to obtain a plurality of wind speed grades;
the incoming wind speed in the operation data is corresponding to the corresponding wind speed grade; obtaining a plurality of operation sub-data;
setting a yaw region threshold value, and dividing a yaw section in each operation sub-data with a set step length to obtain a plurality of region grades;
and corresponding the yaw area in each operation sub-data to the corresponding area level to obtain a plurality of sub-bin areas.
Preferably, comparing the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower with the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower, and judging whether the tower is abnormal according to the comparison result, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
judging the radius of the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower and the radius of the maximum standard vibration circle of the tower, wherein:
if the radius of the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower is larger than that of the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower, judging that the vibration of the tower of the wind turbine to be tested is abnormal; otherwise, judging that the vibration of the tower of the wind turbine generator to be tested is normal.
A vibration early warning system based on a wind turbine tower comprises the following steps:
the reference vibration circle acquisition unit is used for acquiring the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower of the wind turbine generator under test under rated power;
the dynamic vibration circle acquisition unit is used for acquiring the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower of the wind turbine generator under test under the running condition;
and the judging unit is used for comparing the maximum standard vibration circle of the tower with the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower and judging whether the tower is abnormal or not according to the comparison result.
Preferably, the reference vibration circle acquisition unit includes:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude of the tower of the wind turbine to be tested under the rated power;
and the reference vibration circle drawing module is used for drawing the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower according to the obtained inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude.
Preferably, the dynamic vibration circle acquisition unit includes:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time operation data of the wind turbine to be tested under the operation condition, wherein the operation data comprises an incoming flow wind speed, a yaw area, a real-time tower inclination azimuth angle and a real-time tower vibration amplitude;
the binning module is used for binning the operation data by utilizing the incoming wind speed and the yaw area to obtain a plurality of binning areas;
the dynamic vibration circle drawing module is used for drawing a dynamic vibration circle of the tower in each sub-bin area according to the real-time inclination azimuth angle and the real-time vibration amplitude of the tower in each sub-bin area; and selecting and obtaining a maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower from the obtained dynamic vibration circles of the plurality of towers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the wind turbine tower vibration early warning method, the vibration circle corresponding to the rated power of the wind turbine is used as the reference, the reference vibration circle is compared with the dynamic vibration circle under the running condition of the wind turbine, the vibration condition of the tower is judged, the vibration response of the tower under the variable working condition is effectively reduced, and the accuracy and the reliability of the vibration judgment of the tower are improved.
Further, tower vibration data corresponding to the incoming wind speed and the yaw area are collected, and the tower vibration data are subjected to binning according to the incoming wind speed and the yaw area, so that multiple groups of vibration data under different incoming wind speeds and fan-shaped areas are obtained, and tower vibration response under variable working conditions is further effectively reduced.
In conclusion, the method is directly observed, is beneficial to monitoring the health condition of the wind turbine tower in real time, judges whether the wind turbine needs to be further processed and repaired, and ensures safe and reliable operation of the wind turbine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a drawing of a maximum reference vibration circle for a tower;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a drawing of a maximum dynamic vibration circle for a tower.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the invention provides a wind turbine tower vibration early warning method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively installing a low-frequency acceleration sensor in the orthogonal direction of a tower of a wind turbine and in the horizontal direction of the tower, wherein the two low-frequency acceleration sensors are respectively used for acquiring acceleration data of the wind turbine in the orthogonal direction of the tower and acceleration data of the wind turbine in the horizontal direction of the tower under rated power;
step 2, according to the acceleration data of the tower in the horizontal direction and the acceleration data of the tower in the orthogonal direction obtained in the step 1, calculating to obtain a vibration amplitude A and a tilting azimuth angle theta of the tower, and specifically:
performing coordinate conversion on the obtained tower orthogonal direction acceleration and the tower horizontal direction acceleration to obtain tower data with the vibration amplitude value A and the inclination azimuth angle theta in a polar coordinate system;
step 3, respectively selecting three vibration amplitudes at the outermost periphery and three inclination azimuth angles at the outermost periphery of the tower from the vibration amplitude A and the inclination azimuth angle theta obtained in the step 2;
drawing the maximum reference vibration circle (O) of the tower according to the three outermost inclination azimuth angles theta and the three outermost vibration amplitudes A corresponding to the obtained tower top ,R top )；
Step 4, acquiring operation data of the wind turbine generator under normal operation conditions, wherein the operation data comprise incoming wind speed, yaw area, real-time tower inclination azimuth angle and real-time tower vibration amplitude;
setting a wind speed threshold value, and dividing the incoming flow wind speed in the operation data by a set step length to obtain a plurality of wind speed grades; in this embodiment, the wind speed threshold is 0.5m/s;
the incoming wind speed in the operation data is corresponding to the corresponding wind speed grade; obtaining a plurality of operation sub-data;
setting a yaw zone threshold, dividing a yaw zone in each piece of operation sub-data by a set step length to obtain a plurality of zone grades, wherein the yaw zone threshold is 22.5 degrees in the embodiment;
and corresponding the yaw area in each operation sub-data to the corresponding area level to obtain a plurality of sub-bin areas.
Step 5, respectively selecting three real-time inclination azimuth angles theta of the most peripheral towers from each sub-bin area Real world And three tower frames at the outermost periphery vibrate in real time with amplitude A Real world Drawing to obtain a tower dynamic vibration circle corresponding to each sub-bin area, and selecting and obtaining a tower maximum dynamic vibration circle (O) from the obtained multiple tower dynamic vibration circles i,top ,R i,top )。
Step 6, the maximum reference vibration circle (O) top ,R top ) With corresponding maximum dynamic vibration circle (O) i,top ,R i,top ) And comparing, and judging whether the tower is abnormal according to the comparison result.
Specifically, in step 6, the tower maximum reference vibration circle (O top ,R top ) With corresponding maximum dynamic vibration circle (O) i,top ,R i,top ) Comparing, and judging whether the tower is abnormal according to the comparison result, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
judging radius R of maximum dynamic vibration circle of tower i,base Whether or not it is larger than the radius R of the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower base If the radius R i,base Greater than radius R base The abnormal vibration of the tower of the wind turbine to be tested is illustrated, and the vibration condition of the wind turbine follows the radius R i,base And radius R base Is more serious than the increase of the ratio of (2);
if the radius R of the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower i,base Radius R of maximum reference vibration circle of tower is less than or equal to base And the tower vibration of the wind turbine to be tested is normal.
The invention also provides a vibration early warning system based on the wind turbine generator tower, which comprises the following steps:
the reference vibration circle acquisition unit is used for acquiring the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower of the wind turbine generator under test under rated power;
the dynamic vibration circle acquisition unit is used for acquiring the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower of the wind turbine generator under test under the running condition;
and the judging unit is used for comparing the maximum standard vibration circle of the tower with the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower and judging whether the tower is abnormal or not according to the comparison result.
Specifically, the reference vibration circle acquisition unit includes:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude of the tower of the wind turbine to be tested under the rated power;
and the reference vibration circle drawing module is used for drawing the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower according to the obtained inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude.
The dynamic vibration circle acquisition unit includes:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time operation data of the wind turbine to be tested under the operation condition, wherein the operation data comprises an incoming flow wind speed, a yaw area, a real-time tower inclination azimuth angle and a real-time tower vibration amplitude;
the binning module is used for binning the operation data by utilizing the incoming wind speed and the yaw area to obtain a plurality of binning areas;
the dynamic vibration circle drawing module is used for drawing a dynamic vibration circle of the tower in each sub-bin area according to the real-time inclination azimuth angle and the real-time vibration amplitude of the tower in each sub-bin area; and selecting and obtaining a maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower from the obtained dynamic vibration circles of the plurality of towers.
The above is only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A vibration early warning method based on a wind turbine tower is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining a maximum reference vibration circle of a tower of the wind turbine to be tested under rated power;
obtaining a maximum dynamic vibration circle of a tower of the wind turbine to be tested under the running condition;
comparing the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower with the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower, and judging whether the tower is abnormal or not according to a comparison result;
the method for obtaining the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower of the wind turbine to be tested under the rated power comprises the following steps:
acquiring the inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude of a tower of the wind turbine to be tested under rated power;
drawing a maximum reference vibration circle of the tower according to the obtained inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude;
the method for acquiring the inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude of the tower of the wind turbine to be tested under the rated power comprises the following steps:
acquiring acceleration data of the tower in the orthogonal direction and acceleration data of the tower in the horizontal direction under rated power in real time respectively;
and performing polar coordinate conversion on the obtained acceleration data in the orthogonal direction of the tower and the acceleration data in the horizontal direction of the tower to obtain the inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude of the tower.
2. The method for pre-warning vibration of a tower based on a wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by obtaining a maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower of the wind turbine to be tested under the operation condition, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring real-time operation data of the wind turbine to be tested under an operation condition, wherein the operation data comprise an incoming wind speed, a yaw area, a real-time inclination azimuth angle of a tower and a real-time vibration amplitude of the tower;
dividing the operation data into bins by utilizing the incoming wind speed and the yaw area to obtain a plurality of bin dividing areas;
drawing to obtain a dynamic vibration circle of the tower in each sub-bin area according to the real-time inclination azimuth angle and the real-time vibration amplitude of the tower in each sub-bin area;
and selecting and obtaining a maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower from the obtained dynamic vibration circles of the plurality of towers.
3. The vibration early warning method based on the wind turbine tower according to claim 2, wherein the operation data is divided into a plurality of divided areas by using the incoming wind speed and the yaw area, and the specific method is as follows:
setting a wind speed threshold value, and dividing the incoming flow wind speed in the operation data by a set step length to obtain a plurality of wind speed grades;
the incoming wind speed in the operation data is corresponding to the corresponding wind speed grade; obtaining a plurality of operation sub-data;
setting a yaw region threshold value, and dividing a yaw section in each operation sub-data with a set step length to obtain a plurality of region grades;
and corresponding the yaw area in each operation sub-data to the corresponding area level to obtain a plurality of sub-bin areas.
4. The method for pre-warning the vibration of the tower based on the wind turbine generator set according to claim 1 is characterized in that a maximum reference vibration circle of the tower is compared with a maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower, and whether the tower is abnormal or not is judged according to a comparison result, and the method is as follows:
judging the radius of the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower and the radius of the maximum standard vibration circle of the tower, wherein:
if the radius of the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower is larger than that of the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower, judging that the vibration of the tower of the wind turbine to be tested is abnormal; otherwise, judging that the vibration of the tower of the wind turbine generator to be tested is normal.
5. A wind turbine tower vibration based early warning system, characterized in that the system is based on the method of claim 1, comprising:
the reference vibration circle acquisition unit is used for acquiring the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower of the wind turbine generator under test under rated power;
the dynamic vibration circle acquisition unit is used for acquiring the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower of the wind turbine generator under test under the running condition;
and the judging unit is used for comparing the maximum standard vibration circle of the tower with the maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower and judging whether the tower is abnormal or not according to the comparison result.
6. The wind turbine tower vibration-based warning system of claim 5, wherein the reference vibration circle acquisition unit comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude of the tower of the wind turbine to be tested under the rated power;
and the reference vibration circle drawing module is used for drawing the maximum reference vibration circle of the tower according to the obtained inclination azimuth angle and the vibration amplitude.
7. The wind turbine tower vibration based pre-warning system of claim 6, wherein the dynamic vibration circle acquisition unit comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time operation data of the wind turbine to be tested under the operation condition, wherein the operation data comprises an incoming flow wind speed, a yaw area, a real-time tower inclination azimuth angle and a real-time tower vibration amplitude;
the binning module is used for binning the operation data by utilizing the incoming wind speed and the yaw area to obtain a plurality of binning areas;
the dynamic vibration circle drawing module is used for drawing a dynamic vibration circle of the tower in each sub-bin area according to the real-time inclination azimuth angle and the real-time vibration amplitude of the tower in each sub-bin area; and selecting and obtaining a maximum dynamic vibration circle of the tower from the obtained dynamic vibration circles of the plurality of towers.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211182224.XA CN115539325B (en) | 2022-09-27 | 2022-09-27 | Tower vibration early warning method based on wind turbine generator |
| PCT/CN2022/142782 WO2024066101A1 (en) | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-28 | Wind turbine generator-based tower vibration early warning method and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211182224.XA CN115539325B (en) | 2022-09-27 | 2022-09-27 | Tower vibration early warning method based on wind turbine generator |
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| CN115539325B true CN115539325B (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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| DE102016109122A1 (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-11-23 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Method for determining a vibration of a wind turbine tower |
| CN113513454A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-10-19 | 华能定边新能源发电有限公司 | Double-fed wind generating set tower barrel structure safety dynamic monitoring method |
| CN114294172A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-04-08 | 北京华能新锐控制技术有限公司 | Method and device for measuring first-order frequency of wind turbine generator tower |
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2022
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- 2022-12-28 WO PCT/CN2022/142782 patent/WO2024066101A1/en unknown
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| KR20130055149A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-05-28 | 엘에스전선 주식회사 | Tower monitoring system for wind turbine and method thereof |
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| CN111488678A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-08-04 | 浙江运达风电股份有限公司 | Wind turbine generator tower accumulated fatigue damage assessment system and method |
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|---|---|
| CN115539325A (en) | 2022-12-30 |
| WO2024066101A1 (en) | 2024-04-04 |
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