CN114294172A - Method and device for measuring first-order frequency of wind turbine generator tower - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring first-order frequency of wind turbine generator tower Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for measuring first-order frequency of a wind turbine tower, wherein the method comprises the following steps: confirming that the wind turbine generator can be switched between a rotating state and a standby state, wherein the wind turbine generator is provided with a data acquisition system for recording the vibration acceleration of the tower top of the tower and the corresponding moment of the tower top; when the wind turbine generator is in a rotating state, the data acquisition system starts to record the vibration acceleration of the tower top and the corresponding moment of the vibration acceleration; when the wind turbine generator receives a stop instruction, the wind turbine generator starts to stop and enters a standby state for a duration tsStopping recording data after second; establishing a correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment thereof according to the recorded tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment thereof; and calculating the first-order frequency of the wind turbine tower. The method can be used for detecting the deviation of the first-order frequency design value and the actual value of the wind turbine generator tower; screeningA security risk; providing accurate tower first-order frequency for parameter input of a wind turbine generator control system; the operation is simple and efficient, and no extra measure is needed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to a method and a device for measuring first-order frequency of a wind turbine tower.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, in the stage of designing the wind turbine, it is conventionally required that the first-order frequency of the tower is not crossed with one time and three times of the rotation speed (rotation frequency) of the wind turbine in the power generation operation state of the wind turbine (a first-order frequency allowed interval 1 of the tower in fig. 1). The tower will not resonate during the power generating operation due to the overlap of the rotor speed (rotational frequency) and the tower first order frequency. With the development of the wind power industry, the height of the newly designed wind turbine tower exceeds 100 meters, the first-order frequency drop of the tower may intersect with one time of the rotating speed (rotating frequency) of the wind wheel (the first-order frequency allowed interval 2 of the tower in the figure), so that the tower may resonate due to the overlapping of the rotating speed (rotating frequency) of the wind wheel and the first-order frequency of the tower during the power generation operation. The tower first-order frequency is used as a parameter when a tower resonance avoiding strategy is applied to a wind turbine generator control system.
Because the manufacturing and installation links of the wind turbine generator are many, the deviation between the actual first-order frequency of the tower of the wind turbine generator and the design parameters may exist, and whether the actual first-order frequency of the tower has a larger deviation from the design or not needs to be measured. And the parameters obtained by simulation are used in the wind turbine generator control system, and the deviation exists between the parameters and the actual first-order frequency of the tower of the wind turbine generator, so that the method is very key to effectively apply the tower resonance avoidance strategy.
In the long-term operation of the wind turbine generator, when the tower is damaged due to various factors, the first-order frequency of the tower changes, and whether the wind turbine generator has potential safety hazards or not can be screened by checking the first-order frequency of the tower.
In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide a method and a device for measuring the first-order frequency of a wind turbine tower, which are reasonably designed and effectively solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a method and a device for measuring the first-order frequency of a wind turbine tower.
One aspect of the present invention provides a first-order frequency measurement method for a wind turbine tower, including:
confirming that the wind turbine generator can be switched between a rotating state and a standby state, wherein the wind turbine generator is provided with a data acquisition system, and the data acquisition system is used for recording the tower top vibration acceleration of the tower and the corresponding moment of the tower top vibration acceleration;
when the wind turbine generator is in the rotating state, the data acquisition system starts to record the vibration acceleration of the tower top and the corresponding moment of the vibration acceleration;
when the wind turbine generator receives a stop instruction, the wind turbine generator starts to stop and enters the standby state, and the duration t of the standby state is longsAfter the second, the data acquisition system stops recording data;
establishing a correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment thereof according to the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment thereof recorded by the data acquisition system;
and calculating the first-order frequency of the wind turbine tower according to the correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment.
Optionally, the calculating a first-order frequency of the wind turbine tower according to the correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding time includes:
establishing t after the wind turbine generator enters the standby state from the shutdown momentsThe correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration of second and the corresponding moment;
according to t from the shutdown moment to the standby state of the wind turbine generatorsAnd calculating the first-order frequency of the wind turbine tower according to the correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration of the second and the corresponding moment.
Optionally, t is after the wind turbine generator is set up from the shutdown moment to the standby statesThe correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration of a second and the corresponding moment thereof comprises the following steps:
t is carried out after the wind turbine generator is in the standby state from the shutdown momentsThe tower top vibration acceleration of a second is in a sine relationship with the corresponding time.
Optionally, the wind turbine generator enters the standby state t from the shutdown momentsCalculating the first-order frequency of the wind turbine tower according to the correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment of the tower top vibration acceleration after the second, wherein the calculation comprises the following steps:
entering the standby state t from the shutdown moment of the wind turbine generatorsIn the sine relation graph of the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding time after the second, the 1 st peak of the sine signal is recorded as the starting time t1At the moment, the nth peak is recorded as the end time tnWherein n is not less than 10;
the vibration period of the tower is T ═ (T ═ T)n-t1) And (n-1), obtaining the first-order frequency f of the tower of the wind turbine generator as (n-1)/(t) according to the condition that the frequency is equal to the reciprocal of the periodn-t1)。
Optionally, the wind turbine generator enters the standby state t from the shutdown momentsCalculating the first-order frequency of the tower of the wind turbine generator set according to the correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration after the second and the corresponding momentThe method further comprises:
will be at time t1And tnAnd performing fast Fourier transform processing on the tower top vibration acceleration data to obtain a spectrogram of the tower top vibration acceleration, wherein the frequency with the highest peak value in the spectrogram is the first-order frequency f of the tower.
Optionally, when the wind turbine generator receives a stop instruction, the wind turbine generator starts to stop and enters the standby state, and the duration t of the standby state is longsAfter a second the data acquisition system stops recording data, comprising: said t issNot less than 60 seconds.
Optionally, the data acquisition cycle of the data acquisition system is consistent with the minimum execution cycle of the wind turbine generator control system.
Optionally, when the wind turbine generator is in a rotating state, the rotating speed of the wind wheel is greater than a first preset rotating speed, and the blade angle of the blade is smaller than a first preset angle; when the wind turbine generator is in a standby state, the rotating speed of the wind wheel is larger than a second preset rotating speed, and the blade angle of the blade is smaller than a second preset angle.
Optionally, the shutdown instruction includes one of a normal shutdown, a fast shutdown, an emergency shutdown, and a safety chain shutdown.
The invention provides a first-order frequency measuring device for a wind turbine tower, which comprises a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit;
the data acquisition unit is used for recording the tower top vibration acceleration of the wind turbine generator tower and the corresponding moment of the tower top vibration acceleration;
and the data processing unit is used for calculating the first-order frequency of the wind turbine tower according to the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment recorded by the data acquisition unit.
According to the method and the device for measuring the first-order frequency of the tower of the wind turbine generator, the deviation between the design value and the actual value of the first-order frequency of the tower of the wind turbine generator can be detected; whether the first-order frequency of the tower of the wind turbine generator set changes or not is checked by using the method, and the safety risk is screened; providing accurate tower first-order frequency for parameter input of a wind turbine generator control system; the measuring method can be carried out based on the switching of the basic operation state of the wind turbine generator, is simple and efficient to operate, and does not need extra measures; for a wind turbine generator which normally runs, the wind turbine generator has a fault recording function of high sampling rate data recording, and the first-order frequency of the tower can be calculated through data in the shutdown process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between tower first-order frequency and a wind turbine rotation speed in a wind turbine generator system generating operation state in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a first-order frequency measurement method for a wind turbine tower according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first-order frequency measuring device of a wind turbine tower according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between tower top vibration acceleration and time of the tower according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a spectrum diagram of tower top vibration acceleration in another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 2, an aspect of the present invention provides a wind turbine tower first-order frequency measurement method S100, where the data recording method S100 includes:
s110, confirming that the wind turbine generator can be switched between a rotating state and a standby state, wherein the wind turbine generator is provided with a data acquisition system, and the data acquisition system is used for recording the tower top vibration acceleration of the tower and the corresponding moment of the tower top vibration acceleration.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the tower top vibration acceleration of the tower and the corresponding time are recorded by the data acquisition unit 110.
It should be noted that the wind turbine can be switched between the rotation state and the standby state, that is, the wind turbine can be switched from the standby state to the rotation state and from the rotation state to the standby state. Specifically, when the wind turbine generator is in a rotating state, the rotating speed of the wind wheel is greater than a first preset rotating speed, and the blade angle of the blade is smaller than a first preset angle. When the wind turbine generator is in a standby state, the rotating speed of the wind wheel is larger than a second preset rotating speed, and the blade angle of the blade is smaller than a second preset angle. And the specific numerical values of the first preset rotating speed and the second preset rotating speed are determined according to the model of the wind turbine generator.
Further preferably, in this embodiment, when the wind turbine generator is in a rotating state, the rotation speed of the wind wheel is greater than 4 revolutions per minute, the blade angle of the blade is less than 60 degrees, and the blade is in a blade-opening state; when the wind turbine generator is in a standby state, the rotating speed of a wind wheel is less than 1 revolution per minute, the blade angle of each blade is greater than 80 degrees, and each blade is in a feathering state.
It should be further noted that the data acquisition system is configured to record the tower top vibration acceleration of the tower and the corresponding time thereof, and may also record the nacelle vibration acceleration of the tower and the corresponding time thereof, where the tower top vibration acceleration and the nacelle vibration acceleration are substantially the same.
And S120, when the wind turbine generator is in the rotating state, the data acquisition system starts to record the tower top vibration acceleration of the tower and the corresponding moment of the tower top vibration acceleration.
Specifically, when the wind turbine generator is in a standby state, a starting command is received, the wind turbine generator starts to be started, the wind turbine generator is in a rotating state at the moment, the data acquisition system starts to acquire data, and the vibration acceleration of the tower top of the tower and the corresponding moment of the tower top are recorded. At this time, the rotating speed of the wind wheel is more than 4 revolutions per minute, the blade angle of the blade is less than 60 degrees, and the blade is in an open state.
S130, when the wind turbine generator receives a stop instruction, the wind turbine generator starts to stop and enters the standby state, and the duration t is long when the wind turbine generator enters the standby statesAnd after second, the data acquisition system stops recording data.
Specifically, when the wind turbine generator receives a shutdown instruction sent by the control system, the rotating speed of the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator is gradually reduced to less than 1 revolution per minute, the blade angle of each blade is greater than 80 degrees, and the blades are in a feathering state and are also in a shutdown instruction sent by the control systemThat is, the wind turbine enters a standby state for a duration tsThe data acquisition system stops acquiring data after a second, where tsNot less than 60 seconds in this embodiment.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the shutdown command includes, but is not limited to, the following manner, which may be one of a normal shutdown, a fast shutdown, an emergency shutdown, and a safety chain shutdown.
S140, establishing a correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding time according to the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding time recorded by the data acquisition system.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, a time-tower top (or nacelle) vibration acceleration curve is plotted by two-dimensional coordinates, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents tower top (or nacelle) vibration acceleration, and the curve is observed to establish a correlation between tower top vibration acceleration and its corresponding time.
S150, calculating the first-order frequency of the wind turbine tower according to the correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment.
Specifically, firstly, t is established after the wind turbine generator enters a standby state from the shutdown momentsThe correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration of the second and the corresponding time. In this embodiment, the vibration acceleration of the tower top (or the nacelle) is in a sinusoidal relationship with the corresponding time from the time of shutdown to the time of entering the standby state, and appears as a gradually weakened sinusoidal signal.
Then, according to the time from the shutdown moment to the standby state t of the wind turbine generatorsAnd calculating the first-order frequency of the tower of the wind turbine generator according to the correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration after the second and the corresponding moment.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, a graph of a time-tower top (or nacelle) vibration acceleration correlation is plotted on two-dimensional coordinates, and the graph is observed, and the 1 st peak of the sinusoidal signal is taken as the start time t from the start of shutdown to the standby state1At the moment, the nth peak is recorded as the end time tnWherein n is not less than 10, as shown in FIG. 3, byThe data processing unit 120 calculates the vibration period of the tower as T ═ (T ═ T)n-t1) And (n-1), further calculating to obtain the tower first-order frequency f of the wind power generation set (n-1)/(t) through the data processing unit 120 according to the frequency equal to the reciprocal of the periodn-t1)。
It should be noted that, as shown in the figure, the standby state t is entered from the shutdown moment to the standby moment of the wind turbine generatorsThe other way for calculating the first-order frequency of the tower of the wind turbine generator set is as follows:
will be at time t1And tnAnd performing fast fourier transform processing on the tower top (or nacelle) vibration acceleration data to obtain a spectrogram of the tower top (or nacelle) vibration acceleration shown in fig. 5, wherein the frequency with the highest peak in the spectrogram is the tower first-order frequency f.
According to the method for measuring the first-order frequency of the tower of the wind turbine generator, the deviation between the design value and the actual value of the first-order frequency of the tower of the wind turbine generator can be detected; whether the first-order frequency of the tower of the wind turbine generator set changes or not is checked by using the method, and the safety risk is screened; providing accurate tower first-order frequency for parameter input of a wind turbine generator control system; the measuring method can be carried out based on the switching of the basic operation state of the wind turbine generator, and is simple to operate, efficient and free of extra measures; for a wind turbine generator which normally runs, the wind turbine generator has a fault recording function of high sampling rate data recording, and the first-order frequency of the tower can be calculated through data in the shutdown process.
As shown in fig. 3, another aspect of the present invention provides a wind turbine tower first-order frequency measuring device 100, wherein the measuring device 100 comprises a data acquisition unit 110 and a data processing unit 120,
the data acquisition unit 110 is used for recording the tower top vibration acceleration of the wind turbine tower and the corresponding time of the tower top vibration acceleration, and the data processing unit 120 is used for calculating the first-order frequency of the wind turbine tower according to the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding time of the tower top vibration acceleration recorded by the data acquisition unit 110.
Specifically, firstly, the data acquisition unit 110 transmits the acquired and recorded tower top vibration acceleration of the tower in the rotating state and the standby state of the wind turbine generator and the corresponding time to the data processing unit 120, and it should be noted that the period of data acquisition by the data acquisition unit 110 is consistent with the minimum execution period of the wind turbine generator control system, so that no missing at the time point of data acquisition can be ensured.
Next, the data processing unit 120 receives the tower top vibration acceleration and the time corresponding thereto, and generates a graph in which the time-tower top (or nacelle) vibration acceleration is plotted on two-dimensional coordinates, with the time on the horizontal axis and the tower top (or nacelle) vibration acceleration on the vertical axis. Wherein, the wind turbine generator is in a sine relationship with the vibration acceleration of the tower top (or engine room) at the moment from the beginning of shutdown to the standby state, and the 1 st wave peak of the sine signal is recorded as the beginning t1At the moment, the nth peak is recorded as the end time tnWhere n is not less than 10, as shown in fig. 2, the period of vibration of the tower is calculated by the data processing unit 120 to be T ═ (T ═ T)n-t1) And (n-1), further calculating to obtain the tower first-order frequency f of the wind power generation set (n-1)/(t) through the data processing unit 120 according to the frequency equal to the reciprocal of the periodn-t1)。
Another way for the data processing unit 120 to calculate the first order frequency of the wind turbine tower is: will be at time t1And tnAnd performing fast fourier transform processing on the tower top (or nacelle) vibration acceleration data to obtain a spectrogram of the tower top (or nacelle) vibration acceleration shown in fig. 5, wherein the frequency with the highest peak in the spectrogram is the tower first-order frequency f.
According to the wind turbine generator tower first-order frequency measuring device, the wind turbine generator tower first-order frequency can be obtained through calculation through the data acquisition unit and the data processing unit, and the deviation between a tower first-order frequency design value and an actual value of a wind turbine generator can be detected; checking whether the first-order frequency of a tower of the wind turbine generator set changes or not, and screening safety risks; providing accurate tower first-order frequency for parameter input of a wind turbine generator control system; the switching can be carried out based on the basic operation state of the wind turbine generator, the operation is simple and efficient, and no extra measure is needed; for a wind turbine generator which normally runs, the wind turbine generator has a fault recording function of high sampling rate data recording, and the first-order frequency of the tower can be calculated through data in the shutdown process.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A first order frequency measurement method for a wind turbine tower, the method comprising:
confirming that the wind turbine generator can be switched between a rotating state and a standby state, wherein the wind turbine generator is provided with a data acquisition system, and the data acquisition system is used for recording the tower top vibration acceleration of the tower and the corresponding moment of the tower top vibration acceleration;
when the wind turbine generator is in the rotating state, the data acquisition system starts to record the vibration acceleration of the tower top and the corresponding moment of the vibration acceleration;
when the wind turbine generator receives a stop instruction, the wind turbine generator starts to stop and enters the standby state, and the duration t of the standby state is longsAfter the second, the data acquisition system stops recording data;
establishing a correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment thereof according to the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment thereof recorded by the data acquisition system;
and calculating the first-order frequency of the wind turbine tower according to the correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the first order frequency of the wind turbine tower from the correlation of the tower top vibration acceleration with its corresponding time comprises:
establishing t after the wind turbine generator enters the standby state from the shutdown momentsThe correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration of second and the corresponding moment;
according to t from the shutdown moment to the standby state of the wind turbine generatorsAnd calculating the first-order frequency of the wind turbine tower according to the correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration of the second and the corresponding moment.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the establishing the wind turbine is performed from a shutdown time t to t after entering the standby statesThe correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration of a second and the corresponding moment thereof comprises the following steps:
t is carried out after the wind turbine generator is in the standby state from the shutdown momentsThe tower top vibration acceleration of a second is in a sine relationship with the corresponding time.
4. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that said method is carried out according to the time of stopping of said wind turbine until said standby state t is enteredsCalculating the first-order frequency of the wind turbine tower according to the correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment of the tower top vibration acceleration after the second, wherein the calculation comprises the following steps:
t is carried out after the wind turbine generator enters the standby state from the shutdown momentsIn the sine relation graph of the tower top vibration acceleration of seconds and the corresponding time, the 1 st peak of the sine signal is recorded as the starting time t1At the moment, the nth peak is recorded as the end time tnWherein n is not less than 10;
the vibration period of the tower is T ═ (T ═ T)n-t1) And (n-1), obtaining the first-order frequency f of the tower of the wind turbine generator as (n-1)/(t) according to the condition that the frequency is equal to the reciprocal of the periodn-t1)。
5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that said method is carried out according to the time from the moment of shutdown to the moment of entering the standby state t of said wind turbinesCalculating the first order of the wind turbine tower according to the correlation between the tower top vibration acceleration after the second and the corresponding momentFrequency, the method further comprising:
will be at time t1And tnAnd performing fast Fourier transform processing on the tower top vibration acceleration data to obtain a spectrogram of the tower top vibration acceleration, wherein the frequency with the highest peak value in the spectrogram is the first-order frequency f of the tower.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the wind turbine starts to stop and enters the standby state when the wind turbine receives a stop command, and the duration t is the duration of entering the standby statesAfter a second the data acquisition system stops recording data, comprising:
said t issNot less than 60 seconds.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the data acquisition cycle of the data acquisition system is consistent with the minimum execution cycle of the wind turbine control system.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein when the wind turbine generator is in a rotating state, the rotor speed is greater than a first preset speed, and the blade angle is smaller than a first preset angle;
when the wind turbine generator is in a standby state, the rotating speed of the wind wheel is larger than a second preset rotating speed, and the blade angle of the blade is smaller than a second preset angle.
9. The method of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the shutdown instruction comprises one of a normal shutdown, a fast shutdown, an emergency shutdown, and a safety chain shutdown.
10. A first-order frequency measuring device for a wind turbine tower is characterized by comprising a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit;
the data acquisition unit is used for recording the tower top vibration acceleration of the wind turbine generator tower and the corresponding moment of the tower top vibration acceleration;
and the data processing unit is used for calculating the first-order frequency of the wind turbine tower according to the tower top vibration acceleration and the corresponding moment recorded by the data acquisition unit.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2024066101A1 (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2024-04-04 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Wind turbine generator-based tower vibration early warning method and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2024066101A1 (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2024-04-04 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Wind turbine generator-based tower vibration early warning method and system |
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