CN115539255A - 一种利用bog的双燃料发动机供给系统及控制方法 - Google Patents

一种利用bog的双燃料发动机供给系统及控制方法 Download PDF

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CN115539255A
CN115539255A CN202211160232.4A CN202211160232A CN115539255A CN 115539255 A CN115539255 A CN 115539255A CN 202211160232 A CN202211160232 A CN 202211160232A CN 115539255 A CN115539255 A CN 115539255A
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dual
storage tank
fuel engine
bog
hydrogen
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向拉
杨宇
马文举
王林
谭霆灏
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Harbin Engineering University
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Abstract

本发明的目的在于提供一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统及控制方法，包括双燃料发动机、LNG供给系统、BOG冷能利用系统、BOG燃烧系统、乙醇重整制氢系统以及进气系统；LNG供给系统包括储罐、压力传感器、潜液泵、阀门、换热器和缓冲罐；BOG冷能利用系统包括阀门、换热器、压缩机和膨胀机；BOG燃烧系统包括双燃料发动机、发电机、蓄电池以及用电设备；乙醇重整制氢系统包括乙醇储罐、阀门、高温反应炉和氢气储罐；所述进气系统包括混合器、涡轮、压气机。本发明可对多余的BOG进行处理，并对其冷能以及其化学能进行利用；同时，利用BOG燃烧后尾气的热量，对乙醇进行重整，得到氢气，并与天然气掺混，抑制双燃料发动机的失火以及爆震现象。

Description

一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统及控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种双燃料发动机系统及控制方法，具体地说是双燃料发动机燃料供给系统及控制方法。
背景技术
当前地球环境日益恶劣、石油储备日益减少，为了改善地球环境以及应对能源危机，人们将注意力转移到了LNG上，LNG以其能量密度高、储量丰富、含硫量低、完全燃烧时造成的空气污染较小等优点，成为了替代传统石油燃料的首选燃料。
在LNG运输船上，由于其供给系统储罐较大，在运输过程中，从环境中吸热蒸发会产生大量BOG，使LNG储罐内压力升高。当储罐内压力高于安全值时，须将罐内BOG排出。将BOG直接排放到大气会造成能源浪费、环境污染等问题，同时存在安全隐患；同时双燃料发动机的运行边界较窄，容易发生失火、爆震的现象。
为解决上述问题，设置BOG处理装置，用于有效利用多余的BOG冷能及其化学能；一位学者提出向天然气中掺入氢气，利用氢气燃烧速度快的特点，强化燃烧，防止双燃料发动机失火，在抑制爆震的同时实现清洁燃烧。
生物乙醇作为一种可再生能源，经过一定的催化反应，可以产生含有氢气、一氧化碳的混合气，用于辅助双燃料发动机燃烧。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供可以解决双燃料发动机供给系统储罐内BOG过多以及双燃料发动机空燃比不稳定导致发动机出现失火或爆震现象等问题的一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统及控制方法。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
本发明一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统，其特征是：包括储罐、缓冲罐、第一双燃料发动机、第二双燃料发动机、乙醇储罐、氢气储罐、第一-第三换热器、第一-第二混合器，储罐通过第一阀门连接第一换热器，第一换热器连接第一混合器，第一混合器连接第一双燃料发动机，储罐通过第二阀门连接第一压缩机，第一压缩机连接第二换热器，第二换热器连接第二混合器，第二混合器连接第二双燃料发动机，第二燃料发动机的排气经涡轮进入第三换热器，第三换热器分别连接第二压缩机和膨胀机，第二换热器分别连接第二压缩机和膨胀机，乙醇储罐通过第三阀门连接高温反应炉，高温反应炉连接氢气储罐，氢气储罐的出口分别支出第一混合管路和第二混合管路，第一混合管路连接第一混合器，第二混合管路连接第二混合器，第一混合管路上安装第四阀门，第二混合管路上安装第五阀门。
本发明一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统还可以包括：
1、储罐内安装压力传感器。
本发明一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统控制方法，其特征是：当LNG运输船运行且储罐内压力传感器测得压力低于设定值时储罐中的LNG经第一阀门流入第一换热器中，同水乙二醇溶液换热，得到的燃气进入缓冲罐中，而后流入第一混合器中与空气、氢气一氧化碳混合气混合，进入第一双燃料发动机中，进行燃烧。
本发明一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统控制方法还可以包括：
1、当LNG运输船不运行且储罐内压力传感器测得压力大于设定值时，储罐中的BOG经第二阀门、第一压缩机进入第二换热器中，同氮气进行换热，得到的燃气进入第二双燃料发动机中燃烧，并带动发电机发电，同时发动机废气分通入涡轮带动压气机工作，进而通入第三换热器中完成布雷顿循环，并且膨胀机输出功带动发电机对蓄电池充电，同时蓄电池给第二压缩机、电热阻以及其他用电设备供电；同时高温反应炉里的电热阻发热，使得高温反应炉的温度升高，使得乙醇储罐中的乙醇发生反应，得到氢气一氧化碳混合气，并通入氢气储罐中，进而通入第二混合器中与燃气、空气混合，最终进入第二双燃料发动机中。
2、当LNG运输船不运行且储罐内压力传感器测得压力低于设定值时，停止工作。
3、当LNG运输船运行且储罐内压力传感器测得压力大于设定值时，储罐中的LNG经第一阀门流入第一换热器中，同水乙二醇溶液换热，得到的燃气进入缓冲罐中，而后流入第一混合器中与空气、氢气一氧化碳混合气混合，进入第一双燃料发动机中进行燃烧；储罐中的BOG经第二阀门、第一压缩机进入第二换热器中，同氮气进行换热，得到的燃气进入第二双燃料发动机中燃烧，并带动发电机发电，同时发动机废气分通入涡轮带动压气机工作，进而通入第三换热器中完成布雷顿循环，并且膨胀机输出功带动发电机对蓄电池充电，同时蓄电池给第二压缩机、电热阻以及其他用电设备供电；同时高温反应炉的电热阻发热，使得高温反应炉的温度升高，使得乙醇储罐中的乙醇发生反应，得到氢气一氧化碳混合气，并通入氢气储罐中，进而通入第一混合器、第二混合器中与燃气、空气混合，最终进入第一双燃料发动机、第二双燃料发动机中。
本发明的优势在于：可有效利用BOG的冷能以及其化学能，避免能量浪费，同时降低风险，更加安全，并利用BOG燃烧产生的废气能量对乙醇进行催化重整，得到氢气、一氧化碳混合气，并将其通发动机内，可有效抑制双燃料发动机失火爆震现象，实现高效清洁燃烧。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图；
图2为四种控制模式示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图举例对本发明做更详细地描述：
结合图1-2，本发明一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统及控制方法，包括双燃料发动机8、LNG供给系统、BOG冷能利用系统、BOG燃烧系统、乙醇重整制氢系统以及进气系统。
LNG供给系统包括储罐1、压力传感器21、潜液泵20、阀门2、换热器3和缓冲罐4；所述BOG冷能利用系统包括阀门22、换热器18、24、压缩机19、25和膨胀机23；所述BOG燃烧系统包括双燃料发动机16、发电机28、蓄电池29以及用电设备30；所述乙醇重整制氢系统包括乙醇储罐9、阀门10、13、15、高温反应炉11、电热阻14和氢气储罐12；所述进气系统包括混合器5、17、涡轮7、27、压气机6、26。
BOG冷能利用系统能够利用储罐1内BOG的冷能，以及BOG燃烧系统中双燃料发动机的废气能量，通过压缩机25与膨胀机23完成布雷顿循环，并通过发电机28将膨胀机23所做的功转换为电能，储存在蓄电池29中。
BOG燃烧系统能将经过换热器18加热过后的燃气通入双燃料发动机16燃烧，并由双燃料发动机16带动发电机28发电，并将其储存在蓄电池29中，系统运行时，蓄电池29对压缩机25、电热阻及其他用电设备30进行供电。
乙醇重整制氢系统可以通过利用BOG燃烧系统中的蓄电池29，为电热阻14供电，制造高温条件，并在高温反应炉11中放置CuO/ZnO/Al2O3等催化剂，乙醇通过储罐9进入高温反应炉11中，进行催化重整产生氢气，并通入到氢气储罐12中，需要时阀门13开启，氢气输送至混合器5与燃气和空气混合，输送至双燃料发动机8，避免发动机产生失火与爆震现象。
本发明控制方法：
当LNG运输船运行且储罐1内压力传感器21测得压力大于设定值时，此时所有系统开始工作。储罐1中的LNG经阀门2流入换热器3中，同水乙二醇溶液换热，得到温度合适的燃气进入缓冲罐4中，而后流入混合器5中与空气、氢气一氧化碳混合气混合，进入双燃料发动机8中，进行燃烧，得到废气通入涡轮7中，带动压气机6工作。储罐1中的BOG经阀门22、压缩机19进入换热器18中，同氮气进行换热，得到温度压力合适的燃气，进入双燃料发动机16中燃烧，并带动发电机28发电，同时发动机废气分通入涡轮27带动压气机26工作，进而通入换热器24中完成布雷顿循环，并且膨胀机23输出功带动发电机28对蓄电池29充电，同时蓄电池29给压缩机25、电热阻14以及其他用电设备30供电；同时电热阻14发热，使得高温反应炉11的温度升高，使得乙醇储罐9中的乙醇发生反应，得到氢气一氧化碳混合气，并通入氢气储罐12中，进而通入混合器17、5中与燃气、空气混合，最终进入双燃料发动机8、16中。
当LNG运输船运行且储罐1内压力传感器21测得压力低于设定值时，此时仅有LNG供给系统与双燃料发动机8工作。储罐1中的LNG经阀门2流入换热器3中，同水乙二醇溶液换热，得到温度合适的燃气进入缓冲罐4中，而后流入混合器5中与空气、氢气一氧化碳混合气混合，进入双燃料发动机8中，进行燃烧，得到废气通入涡轮7中，带动压气机6工作。
当LNG运输船不运行且储罐1内压力传感器21测得压力大于设定值时，此时除LNG供给系统与双燃料发动机8外，所有系统均工作。储罐1中的BOG经阀门22、压缩机19进入换热器18中，同氮气进行换热，得到温度压力合适的燃气，进入双燃料发动机16中燃烧，并带动发电机28发电，同时发动机废气分通入涡轮27带动压气机26工作，进而通入换热器24中完成布雷顿循环，并且膨胀机23输出功带动发电机28对蓄电池29充电，同时蓄电池29给压缩机25、电热阻14以及其他用电设备30供电；同时电热阻14发热，使得高温反应炉11的温度升高，使得乙醇储罐9中的乙醇发生反应，得到氢气一氧化碳混合气，并通入氢气储罐12中，进而通入混合器17中与燃气、空气混合，最终进入双燃料发动机16中。
当LNG运输船不运行且储罐1内压力传感器21测得压力低于设定值时，此时所有系统均不工作。

Claims (6)

1.一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统，其特征是：包括储罐、缓冲罐、第一双燃料发动机、第二双燃料发动机、乙醇储罐、氢气储罐、第一-第三换热器、第一-第二混合器，储罐通过第一阀门连接第一换热器，第一换热器连接第一混合器，第一混合器连接第一双燃料发动机，储罐通过第二阀门连接第一压缩机，第一压缩机连接第二换热器，第二换热器连接第二混合器，第二混合器连接第二双燃料发动机，第二燃料发动机的排气经涡轮进入第三换热器，第三换热器分别连接第二压缩机和膨胀机，第二换热器分别连接第二压缩机和膨胀机，乙醇储罐通过第三阀门连接高温反应炉，高温反应炉连接氢气储罐，氢气储罐的出口分别支出第一混合管路和第二混合管路，第一混合管路连接第一混合器，第二混合管路连接第二混合器，第一混合管路上安装第四阀门，第二混合管路上安装第五阀门。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统，其特征是：储罐内安装压力传感器。
3.一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统控制方法，其特征是：当LNG运输船运行且储罐内压力传感器测得压力低于设定值时储罐中的LNG经第一阀门流入第一换热器中，同水乙二醇溶液换热，得到的燃气进入缓冲罐中，而后流入第一混合器中与空气、氢气一氧化碳混合气混合，进入第一双燃料发动机中，进行燃烧。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统控制方法，其特征是：当LNG运输船不运行且储罐内压力传感器测得压力大于设定值时，储罐中的BOG经第二阀门、第一压缩机进入第二换热器中，同氮气进行换热，得到的燃气进入第二双燃料发动机中燃烧，并带动发电机发电，同时发动机废气分通入涡轮带动压气机工作，进而通入第三换热器中完成布雷顿循环，并且膨胀机输出功带动发电机对蓄电池充电，同时蓄电池给第二压缩机、电热阻以及其他用电设备供电；同时高温反应炉里的电热阻发热，使得高温反应炉的温度升高，使得乙醇储罐中的乙醇发生反应，得到氢气一氧化碳混合气，并通入氢气储罐中，进而通入第二混合器中与燃气、空气混合，最终进入第二双燃料发动机中。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统控制方法，其特征是：当LNG运输船不运行且储罐内压力传感器测得压力低于设定值时，停止工作。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种利用BOG的双燃料发动机供给系统控制方法，其特征是：当LNG运输船运行且储罐内压力传感器测得压力大于设定值时，储罐中的LNG经第一阀门流入第一换热器中，同水乙二醇溶液换热，得到的燃气进入缓冲罐中，而后流入第一混合器中与空气、氢气一氧化碳混合气混合，进入第一双燃料发动机中进行燃烧；储罐中的BOG经第二阀门、第一压缩机进入第二换热器中，同氮气进行换热，得到的燃气进入第二双燃料发动机中燃烧，并带动发电机发电，同时发动机废气分通入涡轮带动压气机工作，进而通入第三换热器中完成布雷顿循环，并且膨胀机输出功带动发电机对蓄电池充电，同时蓄电池给第二压缩机、电热阻以及其他用电设备供电；同时高温反应炉的电热阻发热，使得高温反应炉的温度升高，使得乙醇储罐中的乙醇发生反应，得到氢气一氧化碳混合气，并通入氢气储罐中，进而通入第一混合器、第二混合器中与燃气、空气混合，最终进入第一双燃料发动机、第二双燃料发动机中。
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN116215888A (zh) * 2023-02-01 2023-06-06 哈尔滨工程大学 一种基于线性焦耳发动机的航天器集成流体系统
CN116215888B (zh) * 2023-02-01 2023-08-11 哈尔滨工程大学 一种基于线性焦耳发动机的航天器集成流体系统

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