CN115537590A - Preparation method of valve body material for automobile stamping - Google Patents
Preparation method of valve body material for automobile stamping Download PDFInfo
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- CN115537590A CN115537590A CN202211116767.1A CN202211116767A CN115537590A CN 115537590 A CN115537590 A CN 115537590A CN 202211116767 A CN202211116767 A CN 202211116767A CN 115537590 A CN115537590 A CN 115537590A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
- C22B9/055—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ while the metal is circulating, e.g. combined with filtration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy metallurgy, in particular to a preparation method of a valve body material for automobile stamping, which comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials according to a proportion, heating the prepared raw materials to 740-750 ℃ for melting, electromagnetically stirring for 15-20 min, refining in a double tube way, converter after slagging-off, and standing for 20-30 min; refining, degassing and double-stage filtering the aluminum liquid after standing; casting the filtered aluminum liquid and homogenizing; and extruding, quenching, stretching and sawing the homogenized product to obtain the aluminum alloy section. The process has the advantages of preventing the growth of recrystallized grains, reducing the influence of other impurities, greatly improving the strength performance, along with good plasticity and weldability, easy and beautiful quality and capability of meeting the technical requirements of the existing valve body material for stamping.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy metallurgy, in particular to a preparation method of a valve body material for automobile stamping.
Background
Aluminum alloys have a series of excellent characteristics such as small density, high specific strength and specific stiffness, good elasticity, good impact resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high conductivity, easy surface coloring, good formability, and high recycling property, and are increasingly used in the automobile industry, and at present, the degree of aluminum alloys for automobile parts is increasing day by day.
3003 aluminum alloy is Al-Mn series alloy, is a most widely used antirust aluminum, has good plasticity and weldability, and is used for manufacturing low-load parts working in liquid or gas medium, such as oil tanks, gasoline or lubricating oil conduits, various liquid containers and other small-load parts manufactured by deep drawing. The standard 3003 aluminum alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.6 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.7 percent of Fe, 0.05 to 0.2 percent of Cu, 1 to 1.5 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Zn, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurity elements.
The stamping valve is a control element applied to an automobile stamping hydraulic system and is mainly used for opening and closing a hydraulic oil path between a stamping hydraulic cylinder and an oil supply tank. The material required for manufacturing the valve body of the press valve is an aluminum alloy in the H112 state, and the material is required to have good rust prevention, plasticity, weldability and strength properties. The tensile strength of the 3003 aluminum alloy in the H112 state is more than 95MPa, the yield strength is more than 35MPa, the strength performance is poor, and the technical requirements for manufacturing high-quality and high-precision automobile stamping valves cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to further improve the physical properties of the valve body material for automobile stamping, the invention provides the preparation method of the valve body material for automobile stamping, and the prepared aluminum alloy product has good plasticity and weldability and excellent strength property, and can meet the technical requirements of the existing valve body material for stamping.
A preparation method of a valve body material for automobile stamping comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials according to the following weight percentage, 0-0.17% of Si, 0.5-0.6% of Fe, 0.06-0.1% of Cu, 1.1-1.25% of Mn, 0-0.05% of Mg, 0-0.01% of Cr, 0-0.01% of Zn, 0.035-0.05% of Ti and the balance of aluminum and other unavoidable impurities, wherein the single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.15%, heating the prepared raw materials to 740-750 ℃ for melting, electromagnetically stirring for 15-20 min for double-tube refining, and standing for 20-30 min in a converter after slagging off;
(2) Refining, degassing and double-stage filtering the aluminum liquid after standing;
(3) Casting the filtered aluminum liquid and homogenizing;
(4) And extruding, quenching, stretching and sawing the homogenized product to obtain the aluminum alloy section.
Mn forms MnAl in aluminum alloys 6 Mass points are dispersed, so that the coarsening of recrystallization is prevented, the recrystallization temperature is increased, the recrystallized grains are effectively refined, and the alloy strength is improved. And Fe and MnAl 6 Formation of (FeMn) Al 6 The method can reduce the segregation in the Mn crystal, reduce the refined crystal grains and improve the strength of the Al-Mn alloy. Si can improve the alloy strength and improve the alloy fluidity, but Si can form a compound with Fe and weaken the action of Fe, so that the content of Si is controlled to be lower. Zn can refine AlMnFeSi precipitated phase in the alloy, cr enables the decomposition of alloy solid solution to be carried out more uniformly in the crystal, ti can refine crystal grains and improve the alloy strength, and a small amount of Mg can refine the crystal grains after the alloy is annealed and improve the tensile strength of the alloy. By comprehensive consideration, various alloy components in the material are reasonably blended and optimized, and the strength performance of the alloy material is effectively improved.
Further, in the step (1), W-type and Z-type double-tube refining is adopted, the refining temperature is 740-750 ℃, the dosage of a refining agent is 1 +/-0.2 kg/t-Al, the time is 15 +/-2 min, and the height of bubbles is below 80 mm.
Further, in the step (2), the thinning process is to add aluminum-titanium-boron wires according to 1.3-1.4 m/min of single wires; the rotor speed of the degasser is 350-450 r/min; two-stage filtration adopts a 40+60ppi filter plate.
Furthermore, in the step (3), the casting temperature pan head is controlled to be 707-717 ℃ and the hydrogen content is controlled to be below 0.15ml/100g-Al in the casting process.
Further, in the step (3), the homogenizing process comprises the steps of heating for more than 5 hours, homogenizing at 605-615 ℃, keeping the temperature for 13 hours, and cooling by air cooling.
Further, in the step (4), the extrusion process comprises the steps of keeping the temperature of an extrusion cylinder at 435-445 ℃, keeping the temperature of a die at 400 +/-5 ℃ for 6-8 hours, keeping the temperature of a low-temperature furnace at 350 ℃ and keeping the temperature for no more than 24 hours; the heating temperature of the product is 355-365 ℃, and the speed of the product is 5.5-6.5 m/min.
Further, in the step (4), an online water cooling manner is adopted for quenching.
Further, in the step (4), the elongation of the product in the stretching step is 0.5% to 3%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention reasonably allocates and optimizes the alloy components in the material, changes the prior process parameters, hinders the growth of recrystallized grains in the processing process, reduces the influence of other impurities, simultaneously has good plasticity and weldability of the prepared product, has excellent strength performance, is easy and beautiful in quality, and can meet the technical requirements of the prior valve body material for stamping.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a valve body material for automobile stamping comprises the following steps:
(1) The raw materials are prepared according to the following weight percentage, 0.07 percent of Si, 0.55 percent of Fe, 0.08 percent of Cu, 1.23 percent of Mn, 0.04 percent of Mg, 0.003 percent of Cr, 0.003 percent of Zn, 0.04 percent of Ti, the balance of aluminum and other unavoidable impurities, the content of a single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent. Heating and melting the above raw materials at 740 deg.C, and refining by electromagnetic stirring for 15 min; adopting W-type and Z-type double-tube refining, wherein the refining temperature is 740 ℃, the dosage of a refining agent is 0.8kg/t-Al, the time is 13min, and the height of bubbles is below 80 mm; and (3) completely skimming scum on the surface of the melt, sampling and analyzing, guiding the melt into a furnace after the melt is qualified, controlling the temperature of the furnace at 740 ℃, and standing for 20min.
(2) Adding Al-Ti-B wires according to a monofilament of 1.3m/min for thinning; degassing by using a degassing machine, wherein the rotating speed of a rotor of the degassing machine is 350r/min; two-stage filtration is carried out by using a 40+60ppi filter plate.
(3) Casting the filtered aluminum liquid, wherein the casting temperature pan head is controlled at 707 ℃, and the hydrogen content is controlled below 0.15ml/100 g-Al; then homogenizing for 7h at 605 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 13h, and cooling to room temperature by air cooling.
(4) Extruding the homogenized product, wherein the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 435 ℃; the temperature of the die is 395 ℃, the heat preservation time is 6 hours, and the heat preservation time of the low-temperature furnace is less than or equal to 24 hours at 350 ℃; the heating temperature of the product is 355 ℃, and the product speed is 5.5m/min; performing on-line water-cooling quenching on the product on an extruder, wherein the upper 80 percent, the lower 70 percent and the strength are 80 percent; the product stretching rate of the stretching process is 0.5%, and the product is sawn into aluminum alloy sections with corresponding sizes according to customer requirements after being stretched; the extruder used was a 55MN extruder, available from Taiyuan heavy industries, inc.
Example 2
A preparation method of a valve body material for automobile stamping comprises the following steps:
(1) The raw materials are prepared according to the following weight percentage, 0.07 percent of Si, 0.51 percent of Fe, 0.08 percent of Cu, 1.13 percent of Mn, 0.04 percent of Mg, 0.002 percent of Cr, 0.003 percent of Zn, 0.04 percent of Ti, the balance of aluminum and other inevitable impurities, the content of single impurities is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent. Heating and melting the above raw materials at 742 deg.C, and refining by electromagnetic stirring for 16 min; adopting W-type and Z-type double-tube refining, wherein the refining temperature is 742 ℃, the dosage of a refining agent is 0.9kg/t-Al, the time is 14min, and the height of bubbles is below 80 mm; skimming dross on the surface of the melt, sampling and analyzing, guiding the melt to a furnace after the melt is qualified, controlling the temperature of the guide furnace at 742 ℃, and standing for 22min.
(2) Adding Al-Ti-B wires according to the monofilament of 1.3m/min for thinning; degassing by using a degassing machine, wherein the rotating speed of a rotor of the degassing machine is 352r/min; filtration is carried out on two stages by using a 40+60ppi filter plate.
(3) Casting the filtered aluminum liquid, wherein the casting temperature pan head is controlled at 709 ℃, and the hydrogen content is controlled below 0.15ml/100 g-Al; then homogenizing for 7.5h at 607 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 13h, air cooling to room temperature.
(4) Extruding the homogenized product, wherein the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 437 ℃; the temperature of the die is 397 ℃, the heat preservation time is 7 hours, and the heat preservation time of the low-temperature furnace is less than or equal to 24 hours at 350 ℃; the heating temperature of the product is 357 ℃, and the speed of the product is 5.7m/min; performing on-line water-cooling quenching on the product on an extruder, wherein the upper 80 percent, the lower 70 percent and the strength are 80 percent; the product stretching rate of the stretching process is 0.6%, and the product is sawed into aluminum alloy sections with corresponding sizes according to the requirements of customers after being stretched; the extruder used was a 55MN extruder, available from Taiyuan heavy industries, inc.
Example 3
A preparation method of a valve body material for automobile stamping comprises the following steps:
(1) The raw materials are prepared according to the following weight percentage, 0.05 percent of Si, 0.56 percent of Fe, 0.07 percent of Cu, 1.28 percent of Mn, 0.01 percent of Mg, 0.002 percent of Cr, 0.003 percent of Zn, 0.04 percent of Ti, the balance of aluminum and other inevitable impurities, the content of single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the total content of impurity is less than or equal to 0.15 percent. Heating and melting the above raw materials at 744 deg.C, and refining by electromagnetic stirring for 17 min; adopting W-type and Z-type double-tube refining, wherein the refining temperature is 744 ℃, the dosage of a refining agent is 1kg/t-Al, the time is 15min, and the height of bubbles is below 80 mm; skimming dross on the surface of the melt, sampling and analyzing, guiding the melt to a furnace after the melt is qualified, controlling the temperature of the guide furnace to 744 ℃, and standing for 25min.
(2) Adding Al-Ti-B wires according to the monofilament of 1.3m/min for thinning; degassing by using a degassing machine, wherein the rotating speed of a rotor of the degassing machine is 400r/min; two-stage filtration is carried out by using a 40+60ppi filter plate.
(3) Casting the filtered aluminum liquid, wherein the casting temperature pan head is controlled at 712 ℃, and the hydrogen content is controlled below 0.15ml/100 g-Al; and then homogenizing for 8h at 610 deg.C for 13h, and air cooling to room temperature.
(4) Extruding the homogenized product, wherein the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 440 ℃; keeping the temperature of the die at 400 ℃ for 7h, and keeping the temperature of the low-temperature furnace at 350 ℃ for less than or equal to 24h; the heating temperature of the product is 360 ℃, and the speed of the product is 6m/min; performing on-line water-cooling quenching on the product on an extruder, wherein the upper 80 percent, the lower 70 percent and the strength are 80 percent; the product stretching rate of the stretching process is 1.1%, and the product is sawed into aluminum alloy sections with corresponding sizes according to customer requirements after being stretched; the extruder used was a 55MN extruder, available from Taiyuan heavy industries, inc.
Example 4
A preparation method of a valve body material for automobile stamping comprises the following steps:
(1) The raw materials are prepared according to the following weight percentage, 0.1 percent of Si, 0.53 percent of Fe, 0.07 percent of Cu, 1.16 percent of Mn, 0.05 percent of Mg, 0.01 percent of Cr, 0.004 percent of Zn, 0.04 percent of Ti, the balance of aluminum and other inevitable impurities, the content of single impurities is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the total content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent. Heating and melting the above raw materials at 747 deg.C, and refining by electromagnetic stirring for 19 min; adopting W-type and Z-type double-tube refining, wherein the refining temperature is 747 ℃, the dosage of a refining agent is 1.1kg/t-Al, the time is 16min, and the height of bubbles is below 80 mm; skimming dross on the surface of the melt, sampling and analyzing, guiding the melt to a furnace after the melt is qualified, controlling the temperature of the guide furnace at 747 ℃, and standing for 28min.
(2) Adding Al-Ti-B wires according to a monofilament of 1.4m/min for thinning; degassing by using a degassing machine, wherein the rotating speed of a rotor of the degassing machine is 425r/min; filtration is carried out on two stages by using a 40+60ppi filter plate.
(3) Casting the filtered aluminum liquid, wherein the casting temperature pan head is controlled at 714 ℃, and the hydrogen content is controlled below 0.15ml/100 g-Al; then homogenizing for 8.5h at 613 deg.C, maintaining for 13h, and air cooling to room temperature.
(4) Extruding the homogenized product, wherein the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 443 ℃; the temperature of the die is 403 ℃, the heat preservation time is 7.5 hours, and the heat preservation time of the low-temperature furnace is less than or equal to 24 hours at 350 ℃; the heating temperature of the product is 362 ℃, and the product speed is 6.2m/min; performing on-line water-cooling quenching on the product on an extruder, wherein the upper 80 percent, the lower 70 percent and the strength are 80 percent; the product stretching rate of the stretching process is 2.2%, and the product is sawn into aluminum alloy sections with corresponding sizes according to customer requirements after being stretched; the extruder used was a 55MN extruder, available from Taiyuan heavy industries, inc.
Example 5
A preparation method of a valve body material for automobile stamping comprises the following steps:
(1) The raw materials are prepared according to the following weight percentage, 0.17 percent of Si, 0.6 percent of Fe, 0.1 percent of Cu, 1.25 percent of Mn, 0.05 percent of Mg, 0.01 percent of Cr, 0.01 percent of Zn, 0.05 percent of Ti, the balance of aluminum and other unavoidable impurities, wherein the content of a single impurity is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the total content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent. Heating and melting the above raw materials at 750 deg.C, and refining by electromagnetic stirring for 20 min; adopting W-type and Z-type double-tube refining, wherein the refining temperature is 750 ℃, the dosage of a refining agent is 1.2kg/t-Al, the time is 17min, and the height of bubbles is below 80 mm; skimming dross on the surface of the melt, sampling and analyzing, guiding the melt to a furnace after the melt is qualified, controlling the temperature of the furnace at 750 ℃, and standing for 30min.
(2) Adding Al-Ti-B wires according to the monofilament of 1.4m/min for thinning; degassing by using a degassing machine, wherein the rotating speed of a rotor of the degassing machine is 450r/min; two-stage filtration is carried out by using a 40+60ppi filter plate.
(3) Casting the filtered aluminum liquid, wherein the casting temperature pan head is controlled at 717 ℃, and the hydrogen content is controlled below 0.15ml/100 g-Al; and then homogenizing for 8h at 615 ℃, keeping the temperature for 13h, cooling to room temperature by air cooling.
(4) Extruding the homogenized product, wherein the temperature of an extrusion cylinder is 445 ℃; keeping the temperature of the die at 405 ℃ for 8h, and keeping the temperature of the low-temperature furnace at 350 ℃ for less than or equal to 24h; the heating temperature of the product is 365 ℃, and the speed of the product is 6.5m/min; performing on-line water-cooling quenching on the product on an extruder, wherein the upper 80 percent, the lower 70 percent and the strength are 80 percent; the product stretching rate of the stretching process is 3%, and the product is sawed into aluminum alloy sections with corresponding sizes according to the requirements of customers after stretching; the extruder used was a 55MN extruder, available from Taiyuan industries, ltd.
The physical properties of the aluminum alloy sections obtained in the above examples were tested, and the results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 data of physical Properties of the aluminum alloy sections obtained in examples 1 to 5
As can be seen from Table 1, the tensile strength of the finished aluminum alloy product in the H112 state prepared by the method is 120-140 MPa, the yield strength is 85-110 MPa, the elongation reaches 36%, and the Brinell hardness is 35-40 HBW. Compared with the standard 3003 aluminum alloy in the H112 state, the tensile strength is increased by 47%, the yield strength is increased by 180%, the strength performance is greatly improved, and the application requirements of the valve body material for automobile stamping can be met.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a valve body material for automobile stamping is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials according to the following weight percentage, 0-0.17% of Si, 0.5-0.6% of Fe, 0.06-0.1% of Cu, 1.1-1.25% of Mn, 0-0.05% of Mg, 0-0.01% of Cr, 0-0.01% of Zn, 0.035-0.05% of Ti and the balance of aluminum and other unavoidable impurities, wherein the single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05%, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.15%, heating the prepared raw materials to 740-750 ℃ for melting, electromagnetically stirring for 15-20 min, refining by double pipes, and standing for 20-30 min by a converter after slagging off;
(2) Refining, degassing and double-stage filtering the aluminum liquid after standing;
(3) Casting the filtered aluminum liquid and homogenizing;
(4) And extruding, quenching, stretching and sawing the homogenized product to obtain the aluminum alloy section.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), W-type and Z-type double tube refining is adopted, the refining temperature is 740 to 750 ℃, the dosage of the refining agent is 1 plus or minus 0.2kg/t-Al, the time is 15 plus or minus 2min, and the height of the bubbles is below 80 mm.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the thinning process is to add Al-Ti-B wires according to 1.3-1.4 m/min of single wires; the rotor speed of the degasser is 350-450 r/min; two-stage filtration adopts a 40+60ppi filter plate.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the casting temperature pan head is controlled to 707-717 ℃ and the hydrogen content is controlled to be less than 0.15ml/100g-Al during the casting process.
5. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the homogenization process comprises the steps of homogenizing at 605-615 ℃, keeping the temperature for more than 5h, and keeping the temperature for 13h, wherein the cooling mode adopts air cooling.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the extrusion process comprises the steps of keeping the temperature of an extrusion cylinder at 435-445 ℃, keeping the temperature of a mould at 400 +/-5 ℃ for 6-8 hours, keeping the temperature of a low-temperature furnace at 350 ℃ and keeping the temperature for not more than 24 hours; the heating temperature of the product is 355-365 ℃, and the speed of the product is 5.5-6.5 m/min.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the quenching is performed by on-line water cooling.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the elongation of the product in the stretching step is 0.5% to 3%.
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| CN116005042A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-04-25 | 江西寰球新材料科技有限公司 | Aluminum-manganese alloy extrusion material and preparation method and application thereof |
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