CN115536691A - 一种有机膦酸复合盐及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种有机膦酸复合盐及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115536691A CN115536691A CN202210684166.4A CN202210684166A CN115536691A CN 115536691 A CN115536691 A CN 115536691A CN 202210684166 A CN202210684166 A CN 202210684166A CN 115536691 A CN115536691 A CN 115536691A
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- Prior art keywords
- phosphonic acid
- organic phosphonic
- composite salt
- oxide
- hydroxide
- Prior art date
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 36
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 31
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytosine Chemical compound NC=1C=CNC(=O)N=1 OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- CVNKFOIOZXAFBO-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(4+);tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Sn+4] CVNKFOIOZXAFBO-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 7
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phytic acid Natural products OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940068041 phytic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BKMMTJMQCTUHRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminopropan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(N)CO BKMMTJMQCTUHRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- YZEZMSPGIPTEBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n-(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(NC=2N=C(N)N=C(N)N=2)=N1 YZEZMSPGIPTEBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMF Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)O1 GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound NC1(N)CCCCC1 YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940104302 cytosine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021506 iron(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanamine Chemical compound CC(C)CN KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uracil Chemical compound O=C1C=CNC(=O)N1 ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanine Chemical compound O=C1NC(N)=NC2=C1N=CN2 UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=O VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymine Chemical compound CC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- YSRVJVDFHZYRPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N melem Chemical compound NC1=NC(N23)=NC(N)=NC2=NC(N)=NC3=N1 YSRVJVDFHZYRPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethynyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C#C)C(OC)=C1 IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930024421 Adenine Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adenine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical group [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical group FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000643 adenine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- SZOADBKOANDULT-UHFFFAOYSA-K antimonous acid Chemical compound O[Sb](O)O SZOADBKOANDULT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical group BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine Chemical compound NCCCCCN VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanic acid Chemical compound O[Ti](O)(O)O LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
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- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/09—Esters of phosphoric acids
- C07F9/117—Esters of phosphoric acids with cycloaliphatic alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/01—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C211/02—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C211/03—Monoamines
- C07C211/04—Mono-, di- or tri-methylamine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/01—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C211/02—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C211/14—Amines containing amino groups bound to at least two aminoalkyl groups, e.g. diethylenetriamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/33—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C211/34—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of a saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C211/36—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of a saturated carbon skeleton containing at least two amino groups bound to the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/43—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
- C07C211/44—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to only one six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C211/45—Monoamines
- C07C211/46—Aniline
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C215/00—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C215/02—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C215/04—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated
- C07C215/06—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and acyclic
- C07C215/08—Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and acyclic with only one hydroxy group and one amino group bound to the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C279/00—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C279/28—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of guanidine groups bound to cyano groups, e.g. cyanoguanidines, dicyandiamides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
- C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D251/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D251/40—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D251/54—Three nitrogen atoms
- C07D251/56—Preparation of melamine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种有机膦酸复合盐及其制备方法和应用,制备方法为:将有机膦酸、金属氧化物和/或氢氧化物和有机胺在一定条件下通过自组装反应制得有机膦酸复合盐;制得的有机膦酸复合盐用于制备阻燃高分子材料,或者涂覆于高分子材料表面形成阻燃涂层。本发明的有机膦酸复合盐以有机膦酸、金属氧化物或氢氧化物和有机胺为主要原料制备,具有原料易得,工艺简便易行,生产操作安全等特点;有机膦酸复合盐中磷、氮、金属离子通过共价或离子键的形式结合形成网状结构,且在聚合物中发挥微反应器的成炭微发泡作用,具有良好的阻燃性和成炭性,无卤、低毒、抑烟,热稳定性好,可广泛应用于聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚酯和聚氨酯等材料阻燃,应用前景广阔。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机膦酸盐技术领域,涉及一种有机膦酸复合盐及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
三聚氰胺磷酸盐或聚磷酸盐富含磷元素和氮元素,具有无卤低毒、发烟量小、环境友好、阻燃效果显著等优点,成为近些年阻燃剂领域的研究热点,并广泛应用于聚酰胺、聚烯烃等高分子材料的阻燃。
例如文献1:申请号为CN202011470971.4的中国专利描述了一种三聚氰胺烷基磷酸酯的制备方法与应用,制得的阻燃剂含磷氮元素,含量在22%~25%之间,对阻燃具有协同作用;文献2:申请号为CN201810901824.4的中国专利描述了利用无机亚磷酸金属盐提高三聚氰胺衍生物类阻燃剂高温热稳定的方法,该发明使得三聚氰胺衍生物具有高的热分解温度,避免阻燃剂出现分解、降解基体聚合物、迁移、腐蚀设备等缺点,同时能与其他阻燃剂协同使用,拓宽了阻燃剂的应用领域;文献3:申请号为CN201910072035.9的中国专利描述了一种有机膦阻燃剂1-羟基亚膦酸盐的制备方法,即次磷酸盐与醛在极性溶剂中反应,再与三聚氰胺或铝、锌化合物反应制备了羟基膦酸铝、羟基膦酸锌和羟基膦酸三聚氰胺盐。其制备方法更加环保安全,成本更低。
但上述方法制得的阻燃剂均为单一有机膦酸盐阻燃剂,其结构为有机膦酸金属盐或有机膦酸有机胺盐。虽然也有磷酸三聚氰胺复合盐的文献报道,如申请号为CN201310401086.4的中国专利报道了一种磷酸二氢铝三聚氰胺盐及其制备方法,邱博(HUBER)公司报道了磷酸三聚氰胺铝盐、磷酸三聚氰胺镁盐和磷酸三聚氰胺锌盐。但都是无机磷酸盐,而且没有具体报道分子结构特点和阻燃机理。即使有少数报道的有机膦酸复合盐也没有公开其具体结构组成和阻燃机理。
中国专利ZL200580005684.3报道了采用哌嗪的磷酸盐和三聚氰胺的磷酸盐复合阻燃聚丙烯,需要加入氧化锌等金属化合物提高阻燃效率,同时为了减小阻燃材料的吸湿性,需要用硅油对阻燃剂进行表面处理。
因此,研究一种阻燃效率高且耐湿性能优异的有机膦酸复合盐及其制备方法具有十分重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种有机膦酸复合盐及其制备方法和应用,特别是提供一种含磷、氮以及金属离子的低毒抑烟的无卤阻燃剂有机膦酸复合盐及其制备方法和应用。本发明提供的有机膦酸复合盐,通过合理组合磷、氮和金属组成比例和复合盐的分子结构,并在同一个分子中提供了气源、酸源和催化成炭的无卤素阻燃体系,在燃烧初期由于多元阻燃要素形成的微反应器,具有很好的协同作用,因此阻燃效率高,而且也克服了多组分复配带来的分散和接触不充分问题;再者由于阻燃效率高相对来说的阻燃剂添加量少,尤其是分子中的有机基团有效提高了分子的憎水性,因此很好地解决了阻燃材料吸湿性的问题,并且制备的原料易得,易于实现工业化生产和应用。本发明合成的可广泛应用于聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚酯和聚氨酯等材料阻燃,作为阻燃剂具有良好的应用前景。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种有机膦酸复合盐,其分子结构由具有如式(Ⅰ)、(Ⅱ)和(Ⅲ)结构的有机胺阳离子、金属离子和有机膦酸阴离子组成,且阴离子的电荷总数值和阳离子的电荷总数值相等:
分子结构中的有机胺阳离子(Ⅰ)、金属离子(Ⅱ)和有机膦酸阴离子(Ⅲ)分别可以是一种以上;
其中,m=1、2或3;n=1、2、3、4或5;0<p≤2,0≤q<2,且p+q=2;0<x≤2,0≤y<2,且x+y=2;h=1、2、3、4、5、6或7;R、R*和R”'各自独立地选自含或不含杂原子取代基的烷基、含或不含杂原子取代基的芳烃基以及碳原子与其它原子形成的环状基团或含杂原子取代基的环状基团;R'和R”各自独立地选自H、烷基和芳烃基中的一种或者R'和R”在同一分子内成环基团;M为一种以上金属元素,如钙、镁、钡、铝、锌、锡、锑、铋、铁、钛、钒、锰、镓、镧的一种以上。
有机胺阳离子、金属离子和有机膦酸阴离子可以分别是一种物质,也可以是上述同一类结构式下多种物质的组合。
本发明还提供制备如上所述的一种有机膦酸复合盐的方法,将有机磷酸、金属氧化物和/或金属氢氧化物以及有机胺按照一定量的摩尔比投入反应器中通过自组装反应制得有机膦酸复合盐;
有机胺与金属氧化物和/或金属氢氧化物的摩尔比为1:0.1~5.0,有机胺摩尔量与金属氧化物和/或金属氢氧化物中金属离子的摩尔量×金属化合价之和与有机膦酸的摩尔量之比为1:1/v~1,v为一个有机膦酸分子中所含P-O-H单元的总数量。
作为优选的技术方案:
如上所述的方法,有机膦酸为植酸或具有如(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)所示的通式结构中的一种以上;具体为植酸、甲基膦酸、苯基膦酸、2-羧乙基甲基次膦酸、2-羧乙基苯基次膦酸、N,N-双(膦酸甲基)甘氨酸、3-氨基丙烷-1-膦酸、羟基亚乙基二膦酸、氨基三亚甲基膦酸、乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸、2-膦酸丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸、膦酰基羟基乙酸、二乙烯三胺五亚甲基膦酸或双1,6-亚己基三胺五甲叉膦酸等;
如上所述的方法,金属氧化物为氧化铝、氧化钙、氧化镁、氧化亚铁、氧化铁、氧化锌、氧化钛、氧化锑、氧化锆、三氧化二铋、氧化镓、氧化镧、钒的氧化物(VO、V2O3、VO2、V2O5)、一氧化锰、二氧化锰、氧化亚锡、氧化锡和氧化钡的一种以上,金属氢氧化物为氢氧化铝、氢氧化钙、氢氧化镁、氢氧化亚铁、氢氧化铁、氢氧化锌、氢氧化钛、氢氧化锑、氢氧化锆、氢氧化亚锡和氢氧化钡的一种以上。
如上所述的方法,有机胺为三聚氰胺、蜜白胺(Melam)、蜜勒胺(Melem)、三聚二氰亚胺(melon)、哌嗪、氰胺、双氰胺、甲胺、二甲胺、三甲胺、乙胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、正丁胺、叔丁胺、异丁胺、环己胺、环己二胺、乙二胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、丙二胺、丁二胺、戊二胺、己二胺、苯胺、吗啉、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、2-氨基丙醇、胞嘧啶、尿嘧啶、鸟嘧啶、腺嘧啶、胸嘧啶和嘌呤的一种以上。
如上所述的方法,制备有机膦酸复合盐的具体步骤如下:
(1)将有机膦酸分散在适当溶剂中并充分搅拌0.5~4h;
(2)将金属氧化物和/或金属氢氧化物与有机胺混合得到混合物,向步骤(1)的体系中加入所述混合物,或者向步骤(1)的体系中分别加入金属氧化物和/或金属氢氧化物与有机胺;所述加入为连续加入或分5~10次加入,在1~10小时内加完,并逐渐升温至40~150℃,维持搅拌0.5~10h;连续加入的速度可以匀速也可以不等速,分多次加入时间隔时间可以相同或不同,每次加入的量可以相同也可以不同,只要保证在1~10小时内加完即可;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得所述有机膦酸复合盐。
如上所述的方法,步骤(1)中溶剂为水、C1~C6的醇、丙酮、环己酮、甲基异丁基酮、乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇二甲醚、DMSO和DMF中的一种以上。
如上所述的方法,溶剂的用量为:每100g有机磷酸、金属氧化物和/或金属氢氧化物与有机胺总量加入100~2000mL溶剂。
本发明另外还提供如上所述的一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,将有机膦酸复合盐与高分子材料熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在10~25wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94 V0,极限氧指数为30~40%。
或者如上所述的一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,将有机膦酸复合盐与环氧树脂、脲醛树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸树脂配制成涂料或胶水涂覆于材料表面形成阻燃涂层,当涂层阻燃材料中有机膦酸复合盐含量为5~20wt%时,阻燃涂层高分子材料的极限氧指数为28%以上。具体地,对于聚烯烃类材料,当涂层阻燃材料中含有有机膦酸复合盐15~20wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为28~32%;对于聚酯类材料,当涂层阻燃材料中含有有机膦酸复合盐10~20wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为28~35%;对于聚酰胺类材料,当涂层阻燃材料中含有有机膦酸复合盐8~15wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为30~38%;对于纤维素纤维织物和纸张,当涂层阻燃材料中含有有机膦酸复合盐5~15wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为32~40%。
本发明的机理是:
本发明提供了一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,该方法制得的阻燃剂富含磷、氮和金属离子,由于金属离子与有机胺在特殊溶剂环境下,发生分子自组装反应,生成特殊结构的含P-O-N和P-O-M键的网状结构,尤其是金属离子的离子诱导作用,有效提高了磷的亲电性,从而增强了催化成炭作用;同时有机膦酸复合盐中有机基团的存在,提高了复合盐与聚合物之间的相容性,在燃烧初期复合盐很好地贴近聚合物界面,并在相容的表面层形成无数的微反应器,其反应模型如图1,具体是在燃烧初期聚合物的C-H在外界热量作用下升至一定温度而被空气中的氧气氧化生成C-OH,进而C-OH与相邻的C-H基团在P-O作用下脱水生成C=C,在微观体系下聚合物的表面形成了无数的这种微反应器,而不会发生聚合物的C-OH深度氧化生成COOH而产生更多的CO2和释放更多热量;同时,在这一温区特定金属离子进一步催化含C=C键的物质朝着碳化反应进行,从而在聚合物表面生成炭化层,有效阻隔了热量和可燃物质的传播;而氮源热解产生N2,从而发生成炭和微发泡的化学反应,因而有效提高了磷、氮协同阻燃效率,因此阻燃效果好;本发明的复合盐分子结构中有机基团的存在,可以有效阻隔阻燃剂粉体之间的团聚,提高了阻燃剂的分散性和憎水性,同时由于有机基团与基材的良好相容性,使得与其结合的阳离子被“拖拽”而难以迁移至阻燃材料表面因而降低了吸湿性,提高了阻燃材料的耐湿性能。尤其是当复合盐中含有多价态金属的低价位金属离子,由于低价金属的还原性能,燃烧初期在凝聚相于一定温区内可以捕捉氧及其自由基,从而抑制可燃物的热氧降解,减少或延缓可燃挥发物的发生,也可促进聚合物的碳化。从而最大发挥出自由基淬灭、凝聚相抑制热氧降解和成炭,减少可燃挥发物的协同阻燃作用。
本发明通过合理组合磷、氮和金属组成比例和复合盐的分子结构,并在一个分子中提供无卤素阻燃体系需要的所有阻燃要素,因此既提高了阻燃效率,又解决了阻燃材料吸湿性的问题,同时其制备原料易得,工艺简便易行,因而具有良好的市场应用前景。
有益效果:
(1)本发明的有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,制备原料易得,工艺简便易行,易于实现产业化;
(2)本发明的有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,合理组合磷、氮和金属组成比例和复合盐的分子结构,并在一个分子中提供无卤素阻燃体系需要的所有阻燃要素,因此既提高了阻燃效率,又解决了阻燃材料吸湿性的问题;
(3)本发明的有机膦酸复合盐,由于分子中含有P-O-N和P-O-M键的网状结构,尤其是金属离子的离子诱导作用,有效提高了磷的亲电性,从而增强了催化成炭作用,从而达到高效的阻燃效果;
(4)本发明的有机膦酸复合盐,通过微反应器发生的成炭-微发泡反应机制,提高了聚合物在燃烧初期的成炭-发泡效率;同时,有机膦酸盐分子结构中有机基团的存在可以有效阻隔阻燃剂粉体之间的团聚,改善了阻燃剂的分散性和耐湿性,因而兼具良好的力学性能与阻燃性能,应用范围广。
附图说明
图1为有机膦酸复合盐微反应器成炭发泡阻燃模型。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
本发明中,参照中国专利ZL200580005684.3所报道的吸湿性评价方法,将阻燃高分子材料或涂层阻燃材料和没有添加阻燃剂的空白材料或涂层材料分别制作成相同厚度的材料(如1mm厚的薄片),在70℃、相对湿度100%的环境下放置14天后测试增重情况,将阻燃高分子材料或涂层阻燃材料重量增加的百分比减去没有添加阻燃剂的空白材料或涂层材料重量增加的百分比的差值记为阻燃高分子材料或涂层阻燃材料的增重率,以增重率的大小评价吸湿性(增重率越小,吸湿性越小)。
实施例1
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将植酸分散在适当水中并充分搅拌0.5h;
(2)将氧化锌与三聚氰胺混合得到混合物,向步骤(1)的体系中连续加入混合物,在1小时内加完,并逐渐升温至90℃,维持搅拌5h;
其中,植酸、三聚氰胺、氧化锌的摩尔比为0.1:1:0.1;步骤(1)中水的用量为:每100g植酸、氧化锌与三聚氰胺总量加入2000mL水;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例2
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将苯基膦酸分散在适当乙醇中并充分搅拌4h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别分5次加入氢氧化铝和氢氧化铁的混合物与哌嗪,每次间隔时间相同,每次加入的量相同,在5小时内加完,并逐渐升温至40℃,维持搅拌6h;
其中,氢氧化铝和氢氧化铁的混合物中,氢氧化铝与氢氧化铁的摩尔比为2:3;苯基膦酸、哌嗪与氢氧化铝和氢氧化铁的混合物的摩尔比为16:1:5;步骤(1)中乙醇的用量为:每100g苯基膦酸、氢氧化铝和氢氧化铁的混合物与哌嗪总量加入100mL乙醇;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例3
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将2-羧乙基甲基次膦酸分散在适当正丙醇中并充分搅拌1h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别连续加入二氧化钛和氢氧化镁的混合物与双氰胺,在2小时内加完,并逐渐升温至50℃,维持搅拌10h;
其中,二氧化钛和氢氧化镁的混合物中,二氧化钛与氢氧化镁的摩尔比为1:3;2-羧乙基甲基次膦酸、双氰胺与二氧化钛和氢氧化镁的混合物的摩尔比为11:1:4;步骤(1)中正丙醇的用量为:每100g 2-羧乙基甲基次膦酸、二氧化钛和氢氧化镁的混合物与双氰胺总量加入1900mL正丙醇;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例4
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将氨基三亚甲基膦酸分散在适当异丁醇中并充分搅拌1.5h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别分6次加入氧化锆和三氧化二锑的混合物与环己二胺,每次间隔时间相同,每次加入的量相同,在6小时内加完,并逐渐升温至100℃,维持搅拌8h;
其中,氧化锆和三氧化二锑的混合物中,氧化锆和三氧化二锑的摩尔比为2:1;氨基三亚甲基膦酸、环己二胺、氧化锆和三氧化二锑的混合物的摩尔比为6.4:1:1.5;步骤(1)中异丁醇的用量为:每100g氨基三亚甲基膦酸、氧化锆和三氧化二锑的混合物与环己二胺总量加入1800mL异丁醇;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例5
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸分散在适当异丙醇中并充分搅拌2h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别连续加入苯胺和哌嗪的混合物与氧化钡,在2小时内加完,并逐渐升温至60℃,维持搅拌0.5h;
其中,苯胺和哌嗪的混合物中,苯胺和哌嗪的摩尔比为1:4;乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸、苯胺和哌嗪的混合物与氧化钡的摩尔比为0.5:1:0.5;步骤(1)中异丙醇的用量为:每100g乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸、氧化钡与苯胺和哌嗪的混合物总量加入1700mL异丙醇;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例6
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将羟基亚乙基二膦酸分散在适当丙酮中并充分搅拌2.5h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别分7次加入吗啉、哌嗪和乙醇胺的混合物与氢氧化亚铁,每次间隔时间相同,每次加入的量相同,在6.5小时内加完,并逐渐升温至50℃,维持搅拌1h;
其中,吗啉、哌嗪和乙醇胺的混合物中吗啉、哌嗪和乙醇胺的摩尔比为1:5:4;羟基亚乙基二膦酸、吗啉、哌嗪和乙醇胺的混合物、氢氧化亚铁的摩尔比为1:1:0.5;步骤(1)中丙酮的用量为:每100g羟基亚乙基二膦酸、氢氧化亚铁与吗啉、哌嗪和乙醇胺的混合物总量加入1600mL丙酮;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例7
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将3-氨基丙烷-1-膦酸分散在适当环己酮中并充分搅拌3h;
(2)将三氧化二铋与胞嘧啶混合得到混合物,向步骤(1)的体系中连续加入混合物,在2小时内加完,并逐渐升温至70℃,维持搅拌2h;
其中,3-氨基丙烷-1-膦酸、胞嘧啶、三氧化二铋的摩尔比为2.1:1:0.3;步骤(1)中环己酮的用量为:每100g 3-氨基丙烷-1-膦酸、三氧化二铋与胞嘧啶总量加入1500mL环己酮;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例8
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将1,6-己基三胺五甲叉膦酸分散在适当甲基异丁基酮中并充分搅拌3.5h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别分8次加入三氧化二钒和氢氧化亚锡的混合物与二甲胺和三聚氰胺的混合物,每次间隔时间相同,每次加入的量相同,在8小时内加完,并逐渐升温至150℃,维持搅拌3h;
其中,三氧化二钒和氢氧化亚锡的混合物中,三氧化二钒和氢氧化亚锡的摩尔比为5:2;二甲胺和三聚氰胺的混合物中二甲胺和三聚氰胺的摩尔比为1:4;1,6-己基三胺五甲叉膦酸、二甲胺和三聚氰胺的混合物与三氧化二钒和氢氧化亚锡的混合物的摩尔比为4.8:1:0.7;步骤(1)中甲基异丁基酮的用量为:每100g 1,6-己基三胺五甲叉膦酸、三氧化二钒和氢氧化亚锡的混合物与二甲胺和三聚氰胺的混合物总量加入1400mL甲基异丁基酮;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例9
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将甲基膦酸分散在适当乙二醇单甲醚中并充分搅拌4h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别连续加入氢氧化铝与2-氨基丙醇,在2小时内加完,并逐渐升温至80℃,维持搅拌4h;
其中,甲基膦酸、2-氨基丙醇、氢氧化铝的摩尔比为3.5:1:2;步骤(1)中乙二醇单甲醚的用量为:每100g甲基膦酸、氢氧化铝与2-氨基丙醇总量加入1300mL乙二醇单甲醚;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例10
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将2-羧乙基苯基次膦酸分散在适当乙二醇二甲醚中并充分搅拌2h;
(2)将氧化镧与氰胺混合得到混合物,向步骤(1)的体系中分9次加入混合物,每次间隔时间相同,每次加入的量相同,在9小时内加完,并逐渐升温至110℃,维持搅拌9h;
其中,2-羧乙基苯基次膦酸、氰胺、氧化镧的摩尔比为4:1:0.5;步骤(1)中乙二醇二甲醚的用量为:每100g 2-羧乙基苯基次膦酸、氧化镧与氰胺总量加入1200mL乙二醇二甲醚;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例11
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将N,N-双(膦酸甲基)甘氨酸分散在适当DMSO中并充分搅拌2.5h;
(2)将氢氧化钙与哌嗪混合得到混合物,向步骤(1)的体系中连续加入混合物,在2小时内加完,并逐渐升温至90℃,维持搅拌7h;
其中,N,N-双(膦酸甲基)甘氨酸、哌嗪、氢氧化钙的摩尔比为1.4:1:0.2;步骤(1)中DMSO的用量为:每100g N,N-双(膦酸甲基)甘氨酸、氢氧化钙与哌嗪总量加入1100mLDMSO;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例12
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将膦酸基羟基乙酸分散在适当DMF中并充分搅拌3h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别分10次加入五氧化二钒与双氰胺,每次间隔时间相同,每次加入的量相同,在10小时内加完,并逐渐升温至100℃,维持搅拌5h;
其中,膦酸基羟基乙酸、双氰胺、五氧化二钒的摩尔比为4:1:0.4;步骤(1)中DMF的用量为:每100g膦酸基羟基乙酸、五氧化二钒与双氰胺总量加入1000mL DMF;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例13
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将二乙烯三胺五亚甲基膦酸分散在适当丙酮/环己酮混合物(V/V=1:1)中并充分搅拌3.5h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别连续加入氧化镓和氢氧化铝的混合物与三聚氰胺,在2小时内加完,并逐渐升温至40℃,维持搅拌6h;
其中,氧化镓和氢氧化铝的混合物中,氧化镓和氢氧化铝的摩尔比为1:30;二乙烯三胺五亚甲基膦酸、三聚氰胺、氧化镓和氢氧化铝的混合物的摩尔比为5.3:1:3.1;步骤(1)中丙酮/环己酮混合物的用量为:每100g二乙烯三胺五亚甲基膦酸、氧化镓和氢氧化铝的混合物与三聚氰胺总量加入900mL丙酮/环己酮混合物;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例14
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将氨基三亚甲基膦酸分散在适当水中并充分搅拌0.5h;
(2)将氢氧化锌与蜜白胺混合得到混合物,向步骤(1)的体系中分5次加入混合物,每次间隔时间相同,每次加入的量相同,在5小时内加完,并逐渐升温至80℃,维持搅拌10h;
其中,氨基三亚甲基膦酸、蜜白胺和氢氧化锌的摩尔比为1.25:1:0.5;步骤(1)中水的用量为:每100g氨基三亚甲基膦酸、氢氧化锌与蜜白胺总量加入800mL水;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例15
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将羟基亚乙基二膦酸分散在适当正丁醇中并充分搅拌4h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别连续加入氢氧化铝和氢氧化镁的混合物与密勒胺,在1.5小时内加完,并逐渐升温至50℃,维持搅拌8h;
其中,氢氧化铝和氢氧化镁的混合物中,氢氧化铝和氢氧化镁的摩尔比为0.55:0.3;羟基亚乙基二膦酸、密勒胺与氢氧化铝和氢氧化镁的混合物的摩尔比为1.75:1:0.85;步骤(1)中正丁醇的用量为:每100g羟基亚乙基二膦酸、氢氧化铝和氢氧化镁的混合物与密勒胺总量加入700mL正丁醇;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例16
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将环己基膦酸分散在适当新戊醇中并充分搅拌1h;
(2)将氧化锆与二甲胺混合得到混合物,向步骤(1)的体系中分6次加入混合物,每次间隔时间相同,每次加入的量相同,在6小时内加完,并逐渐升温至110℃,维持搅拌0.5h;
其中,环己基膦酸、二甲胺、氧化锆的摩尔比为1.5:1:0.2;步骤(1)中新戊醇的用量为:每100g环己基膦酸、氧化锆与二甲胺总量加入600mL新戊醇;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例17
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸分散在适当己醇中并充分搅拌1.5h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别连续加入二氧化锰与二乙烯三胺,在2小时内加完,并逐渐升温至60℃,维持搅拌1h;
其中,乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸、二乙烯三胺、二氧化锰的摩尔比为1:2:0.5;步骤(1)中己醇的用量为:每100g乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸、二氧化锰与二乙烯三胺总量加入500mL己醇;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例18
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将混合物1(摩尔比为2:1的苯基膦酸和二乙基次膦酸)分散在适当异戊醇中并充分搅拌2h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别分7次加入混合物2(摩尔比为1:10的氧化钙和氢氧化铝的混合物)与混合物3(摩尔比为3:6:1的环己胺、双氰胺和嘌呤的混合物),每次间隔时间相同,每次加入的量相同,在7小时内加完,并逐渐升温至105℃,维持搅拌2h;
其中,混合物1、混合物3与混合物2的摩尔比为3:1:1.1;步骤(1)中异戊醇的用量为:每100g混合物1、混合物2与混合物3总量加入400mL异戊醇;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例19
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸分散在适当丙酮中并充分搅拌2.5h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别连续加入氧化亚铁、氧化锌和氢氧化铝的混合物与三聚氰胺,在2小时内加完,并逐渐升温至70℃,维持搅拌3h;
其中,氧化亚铁、氧化锌和氢氧化铝的混合物中,氧化亚铁、氧化锌和氢氧化铝的摩尔比为3:1:10;乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸、三聚氰胺与氧化亚铁、氧化锌和氢氧化铝的混合物的摩尔比为1:1:1.4;步骤(1)中丙酮的用量为:每100g乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸、三聚氰胺与氧化亚铁、氧化锌和氢氧化铝的混合物总量加入300mL丙酮;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例20
一种有机膦酸复合盐的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸分散在适当环己酮中并充分搅拌3h;
(2)向步骤(1)的体系中分别分8次加入三氧化二铁、氧化锌和氢氧化铝的混合物与三聚氰胺,每次间隔时间相同,每次加入的量相同,在8小时内加完,并逐渐升温至120℃,维持搅拌4h;
其中,三氧化二铁、氧化锌和氢氧化铝的混合物中,三氧化二铁、氧化锌和氢氧化铝的摩尔比为1.5:1:9;乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸、三聚氰胺与三氧化二铁、氧化锌和氢氧化铝的混合物的摩尔比为1:1:1.15;步骤(1)中环己酮的用量为:每100g乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸、三聚氰胺与氧化亚铁、氧化锌和氢氧化铝的混合物总量加入200mL环己酮;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得有机膦酸复合盐;
最终制得的有机膦酸复合盐的分子结构如下:
实施例21
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例1制得的有机膦酸复合盐与聚丙烯(中国石化牌号T30S)熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在20wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94 V0,极限氧指数为31.2%,增重率为1.04wt%。
实施例22
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例2制得的有机膦酸复合盐与高密度聚乙烯(中国石化牌号5000S)熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在25wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94 V0,极限氧指数为30.8%,增重率为0.9wt%。
实施例23
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例14制得的有机膦酸复合盐与ABS(奇美,牌号707)熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在22wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94 V0,极限氧指数为32.1%,增重率为0.81wt%。
实施例24
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例3制得的有机膦酸复合盐与尼龙6(岳化YH800)熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在12wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94V0,极限氧指数为32%,增重率为1.26wt%。
实施例25
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例13制得的有机膦酸复合盐与尼龙66(神马EPR2701)熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在10wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94 V0,极限氧指数为31.2%,增重率为1.1wt%。
实施例26
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例15制得的有机膦酸复合盐与30%玻璃纤维增强尼龙66熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在16wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94 V0,极限氧指数为36.4%,增重率为1.3wt%。
实施例27
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例4制得的有机膦酸复合盐与聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(中石化仪征BG80)熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在15wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94 V0,极限氧指数为33%,增重率为1.11wt%。
实施例28
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例12制得的有机膦酸复合盐与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(长春1100-211M)熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在18wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94 V0,极限氧指数为30.5%,增重率为1.02wt%。
实施例29
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例6制得的有机膦酸复合盐与聚氨酯(路博润聚酯型TPU S392A)熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在19.5wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94 V0,极限氧指数为31.2%,增重率为1.07wt%。
实施例30
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例17制得的有机膦酸复合盐与SBS树脂(Kraton SBS D1116AIM)熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在22wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94 V0,极限氧指数为32.3%,增重率为1.28wt%。
实施例31
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例19制得的有机膦酸复合盐与PC/ABS合金(PC与ABS的质量比为7:3,PC为SABIC LEXAN101,ABS为奇美757)熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在10wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94 V0,极限氧指数为40.2%,增重率为0.5wt%。
实施例32
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例20制得的有机膦酸复合盐与PC/ABS合金(PC与ABS的质量比为7:3,PC为SABIC LEXAN101,ABS为奇美757)熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料,有机膦酸复合盐添加量在10wt%时阻燃高分子材料的阻燃等级为UL94 V0,极限氧指数为34.1%,增重率为0.53wt%。
实施例33
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例3制得的有机膦酸复合盐与脲醛树脂配制成涂料涂覆于均聚聚丙烯表面形成厚度为1.5mm的阻燃涂层,当涂层阻燃材料中有机膦酸复合盐含量为20wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为28%,增重率0.4%。
实施例34
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例13制得的有机膦酸复合盐与聚氨酯配制成涂料涂覆于高密度聚乙烯表面形成厚度为1.3mm的阻燃涂层,当涂层阻燃材料中有机膦酸复合盐含量为15wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为32%,增重率0.36%。
实施例35
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例17制得的有机膦酸复合盐与丙烯酸树脂配制成胶水涂覆于聚烯烃弹性体(SBS)表面形成厚度为1.7mm的阻燃涂层,当涂层阻燃材料中有机膦酸复合盐含量为17wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为29%,增重率0.21%。
实施例36
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例7制得的有机膦酸复合盐与环氧树脂配制成胶水涂覆于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯表面形成厚度为1mm的阻燃涂层,当涂层阻燃材料中有机膦酸复合盐含量为10wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为28%,增重率0.19%。
实施例37
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例1制得的有机膦酸复合盐与环氧树脂配制成胶水涂覆于聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯表面形成厚度为2.8mm的阻燃涂层,当涂层阻燃材料中有机膦酸复合盐含量为20wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为32%,增重率0.35%。
实施例38
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例19制得的有机膦酸复合盐与脲醛树脂配制成涂料涂覆于聚酰胺66表面形成厚度为2mm的阻燃涂层,当涂层阻燃材料中有机膦酸复合盐含量为8wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为40%,增重率0.24%。
实施例39
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例18制得的有机膦酸复合盐与聚氨酯配制成涂料涂覆于聚酰胺6表面形成厚度为1.9mm的阻燃涂层,当涂层阻燃材料中有机膦酸复合盐含量为15wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为30%,增重率0.36%。
实施例40
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例10制得的有机膦酸复合盐与丙烯酸树脂配制成涂料涂覆于涤棉(6:4)表面形成厚度为1.5mm的阻燃涂层,当涂层阻燃材料中有机膦酸复合盐含量为10wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为33%,增重率0.32%。
实施例41
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例8制得的有机膦酸复合盐与聚氨酯配制成涂料涂覆于棉表面形成厚度为1.25mm的阻燃涂层,当涂层阻燃材料中有机膦酸复合盐含量为8wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为34.2%,增重率0.41%。
实施例42
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例16制得的有机膦酸复合盐与丙烯酸树脂配制成涂料涂覆于纸张表面形成厚度为1.25mm的阻燃涂层,当涂层阻燃材料中有机膦酸复合盐含量为15wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为32%,增重率0.18%。
实施例43
一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,具体如下:
将实施例4制得的有机膦酸复合盐与环氧树脂配制成涂料涂覆于莱赛尔织物表面形成厚度为0.8mm的阻燃涂层,当涂层阻燃材料中有机膦酸复合盐含量为15wt%时,涂层阻燃材料的极限氧指数为36%,增重率0.49%。
Claims (10)
1.一种有机膦酸复合盐,其特征在于:其分子结构由具有如式(Ⅰ)结构的有机胺阳离子、式(Ⅱ)结构的金属离子以及式(Ⅲ)或式(Ⅳ)结构的有机膦酸阴离子组成,且阴离子的电荷总数值和阳离子的电荷总数值相等;
其中,m=1、2或3;n=1、2、3、4或5;0<p≤2,0≤q<2,且p+q=2;0<x≤2,0≤y<2,且x+y=2;h=1、2、3、4、5、6或7;R、R*和R”'各自独立地选自含或不含杂原子取代基的烷基、含或不含杂原子取代基的芳烃基以及碳原子与其它原子形成的环状基团或含杂原子取代基的环状基团;R'和R”各自独立地选自H、烷基和芳烃基中的一种或者R'和R”在同一分子内成环基团;M为一种以上金属元素。
2.制备如权利要求1所述的一种有机膦酸复合盐的方法,其特征在于:将有机膦酸、金属氧化物和/或金属氢氧化物以及有机胺按照一定量的摩尔比投入反应器中通过自组装反应制得有机膦酸复合盐;
有机胺与金属氧化物和/或金属氢氧化物的摩尔比为1:0.1~5.0,有机胺摩尔量与金属氧化物和/或金属氢氧化物中金属离子的摩尔量×金属化合价之和与有机膦酸的摩尔量之比为1:1/v~1,v为一个有机膦酸分子中所含P-O-H单元的总数量。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,有机膦酸为植酸或具有如(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)所示的通式结构中的一种以上;
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,金属氧化物为氧化铝、氧化钙、氧化镁、氧化亚铁、氧化铁、氧化锌、氧化钛、氧化锑、氧化锆、三氧化二铋、氧化镓、氧化镧、钒的氧化物、一氧化锰、二氧化锰、氧化亚锡、氧化锡和氧化钡的一种以上,金属氢氧化物为氢氧化铝、氢氧化钙、氢氧化镁、氢氧化亚铁、氢氧化铁、氢氧化锌、氢氧化钛、氢氧化锑、氢氧化锆、氢氧化亚锡和氢氧化钡的一种以上。
5.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,有机胺为三聚氰胺、蜜白胺、蜜勒胺、三聚二氰亚胺、哌嗪、氰胺、双氰胺、甲胺、二甲胺、三甲胺、乙胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、正丁胺、叔丁胺、异丁胺、环己胺、环己二胺、乙二胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、丙二胺、丁二胺、戊二胺、己二胺、苯胺、吗啉、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、2-氨基丙醇、胞嘧啶、尿嘧啶、鸟嘧啶、腺嘧啶、胸嘧啶和嘌呤的一种以上。
6.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,制备有机膦酸复合盐的具体步骤如下:
(1)将有机膦酸分散在溶剂中并充分搅拌0.5~4h;
(2)将金属氧化物和/或金属氢氧化物与有机胺混合得到混合物,向步骤(1)的体系中加入所述混合物,或者向步骤(1)的体系中分别加入金属氧化物和/或金属氢氧化物与有机胺;所述加入为连续加入或分5~10次加入,在1~10小时内加完,并逐渐升温至40~150℃,维持搅拌0.5~10h;
(3)将步骤(2)的沉淀物抽滤并干燥粉碎后得所述有机膦酸复合盐。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中溶剂为水、C1~C6的醇、丙酮、环己酮、甲基异丁基酮、乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇二甲醚、DMSO和DMF中的一种以上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,溶剂的用量为:每100g有机磷酸、金属氧化物和/或金属氢氧化物与有机胺总量加入100~2000mL溶剂。
9.如权利要求1所述的一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,其特征在于:将有机膦酸复合盐与高分子材料熔融共混后注塑成型,制得阻燃高分子材料。
10.如权利要求1所述的一种有机膦酸复合盐的应用,其特征在于:将有机膦酸复合盐与环氧树脂、脲醛树脂、聚氨酯或丙烯酸树脂配制成涂料或胶水涂覆于材料表面形成阻燃涂层。
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