CN115536479B - Drug pressing die and drug pressing method for composite packaged drug column - Google Patents
Drug pressing die and drug pressing method for composite packaged drug column Download PDFInfo
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- CN115536479B CN115536479B CN202211148602.2A CN202211148602A CN115536479B CN 115536479 B CN115536479 B CN 115536479B CN 202211148602 A CN202211148602 A CN 202211148602A CN 115536479 B CN115536479 B CN 115536479B
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- explosive column
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035929 gnawing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012354 overpressurization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/0075—Shaping the mixture by extrusion
Abstract
The invention provides a drug pressing die and a drug pressing method for a composite packaged drug column, comprising the following steps: the lower punch assembly is positioned and installed on the working table surface of the press; the upper punch assembly is arranged above the lower punch assembly, and a grain accommodating cavity is formed between the upper punch assembly and the lower punch assembly; and the exhaust channel is arranged at the lateral direction of the upper punch assembly. The invention can solve the problem of uniformity of the density of the medicine column in the process of pressing the medicine, improve the density of the medicine column, ensure the reliability of technical indexes of a tactic product, and improve the safety and the production efficiency in the process of pressing the medicine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of explosive pressing, and particularly relates to a pressing die and a pressing method for a composite packaged explosive column.
Background
With the development of efficient damage technology, it is particularly important to improve the energy utilization rate of the main charge of the warhead. The composite charging structure can be combined with an advanced detonation control method, integrates performance advantages of different types of explosives, optimizes an energy release structure and an output rule of charging, and can comprehensively improve comprehensive damage power of the warhead by combining a matching design of the warhead structure and the combined charging, so that the composite charging structure has become an important direction of technical development of the current warhead.
At present, most of existing medicine pressing molds are of a single medicine charging structure, and the molds capable of realizing the composite medicine charging structure are lacking, so that the traditional medicine pressing molds can not meet the requirements of pressing packed medicine columns with different densities, the matching connection relation and the binding force between the composite medicine charging molds are not perfect, and the uniformity of the medicine pressing density is difficult to realize by the existing processing technology. In particular to high-density charge, the requirement on the porosity of the charge is very high during the process of pressing the charge, and the quality of the pressed charge is related to the size of the warhead power and the use safety of each stage of the charge.
Therefore, the medicine pressing mold and the medicine pressing method for the composite packed medicine column are provided, so that uniformity of density of the inner layer and the outer layer and binding force between the inner layer and the outer layer of the composite packed medicine column in the pressing forming process are improved, and the problem to be solved by the person skilled in the art is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a medicine pressing die and a medicine pressing method for a composite packed grain, so as to improve the uniformity of density of inner and outer layers and the binding force between the inner and outer layers of grains in the compression molding process of the composite packed grain.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pressing mold for a composite set grain, comprising:
the lower punch assembly is positioned and installed on the working table surface of the press;
the upper punch assembly is arranged above the lower punch assembly, and a grain accommodating cavity is formed between the upper punch assembly and the lower punch assembly;
and the exhaust channel is arranged at the lateral direction of the upper punch assembly.
In some embodiments, the undershoot assembly includes:
the lower punch body is positioned and installed on the working table surface of the press through the back pressure gasket;
the central rod is axially sleeved in the upper punch assembly, and the lower punch body is fixedly pressed with the central rod.
In some embodiments, the undershoot assembly includes:
the upper punch body is of a sleeve type structure, and the central rod is sleeved in an inner hole of the upper punch body;
the die sleeve is axially sleeved on the periphery of the upper punch body, and the exhaust channel is arranged between the upper punch body and the die sleeve.
In some embodiments, the overshoot assembly further includes:
the limiting sleeve is arranged at the upper end of the die sleeve;
the top of the upper punch body is provided with a boss, the upper punch body is sleeved in the limit sleeve, and the boss is fixedly connected to the limit sleeve in a lap joint mode.
In some embodiments, the undershoot body includes:
the upper rod section is provided with an annular groove at the periphery, and the annular groove is formed along the circumferential direction of the upper rod section;
and the periphery of the lower stem section is provided with a plurality of exhaust grooves, each exhaust groove is communicated with the annular groove, and the exhaust grooves and the annular grooves form an exhaust channel.
In some embodiments, the vent slot is open along an axial direction of the lower pole segment.
In some embodiments, the exhaust grooves are provided with four exhaust grooves, and each exhaust groove is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower rod section.
The invention also provides a medicine pressing method based on the medicine pressing mould, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: pressing the outer annular explosive column; firstly, placing an undershoot body and a central rod on a working table of a press, positioning and placing a back pressure gasket, then assembling a die sleeve in the undershoot, introducing the weighed explosive into a grain accommodating cavity, placing a limiting block, loading the limiting block into the undershoot body, and preparing for pressing an outer annular grain;
step 2: checking the strength of the mold part; performing numerical simulation by using finite element software Abaqus, performing strength check verification on the die sleeve and the upper punch body, performing compression and pressure maintaining on the outer annular grain after the calculated molding specific pressure reaches the maximum value, and performing quasi-bidirectional compression by pumping and adjusting a back pressure pad under the die sleeve after the compression is completed so as to ensure the realization of the specified density;
step 3: withdrawing the outer annular explosive column and measuring the density of the outer annular explosive column; after the similar bidirectional pressing is finished, firstly taking down a limiting block on the die sleeve, then placing a die withdrawal sleeve for withdrawing the explosive column from the die, taking down the explosive column from the central rod with inclination after the annular explosive column, the central rod and the undershoot are ejected out of the die sleeve, and measuring the density of the annular explosive column by using a measuring size calculation method or distilled water;
step 4: placing the annular explosive column in a die; when the density of the annular explosive column reaches the design requirement, the annular explosive column is not ejected any more, a die withdrawal sleeve is placed below the die sleeve to prevent the annular explosive column from being ejected, a limiting block is further placed at the upper end of the die sleeve, and then a central rod is ejected by an ejector rod;
step 5: preparing for pressing the central grain; the central grain is pressed, firstly, an annular grain is fixed, and an upper top plate and a lower pressing plate are used for clamping a die sleeve and fastening; before pressing the central explosive column, placing the undershoot body of the central explosive column, pouring the weighed explosive, and pressing after placing the undershoot body of the central explosive column;
step 6: withdrawing the grain; loosening the fastened screw, removing the upper top plate and the lower pressing plate, placing the die-withdrawing sleeve of the annular explosive column, taking down the upper punch rod of the central explosive column, pressing the upper punch of the explosive column, and ejecting the composite axial sleeve explosive column.
In one or more specific embodiments, the drug pressing die and the drug pressing method for the composite packaged drug column provided by the invention have the following technical effects:
the medicine pressing die for the composite packed medicine column can solve the problem of uniformity of the density of the medicine column in the medicine pressing process and improve the density of the medicine column by adding the exhaust structure, ensure the reliable assurance of technical indexes of a tactical product, improve the safety and the production efficiency in the medicine pressing process, and improve the uniformity of the density of the inner layer and the outer layer and the binding force between the inner layer and the outer layer of the medicine column in the pressing forming process.
The method for pressing the composite packaged grain provided by the invention can be used for pressing the packaged grain with a composite structure under different density conditions, pressing different types of composite grains according to different types of warhead demands, and can be applied to the composite grain pressing in insensitive warheads, novel high-energy composite charge fragmentation warheads, high-performance energy gathering warheads, explosion-killing warheads, directional warheads, smart ammunition with the same caliber in series, multiple bundles in parallel and the like to provide design basis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pressing mold for a composite packed grain according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a pressing mold for a composite packed grain according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic view of a pressing mold for a composite packed grain according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of specific pressure versus density for an explosive;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are software interface diagrams with radial loads applied;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the radial force variation of the die sleeve;
fig. 8 and 9 are graphs showing the displacement change of the punch during pressing;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of an undershoot body in a drug delivery mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the center rod in the drug delivery mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of a back pressure pad in a drug delivery mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of a die sleeve in a drug delivery die provided by the invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a stopper in a drug pressing mold according to the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of an upper punch body in a drug pressing mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of the ejector sleeve in the pressing mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the ejector pin in the drug delivery mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the top plate of the pressing mold according to the present invention;
fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of a lower platen in a drug delivery mold according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a central rod, 2-a die-stripping sleeve, 3-a lower punch body, 4-a back-pressure gasket and 5-a grain;
6-upper punch body, 7-die sleeve, 8-limiting block, 9-die withdrawing sleeve and 10-upper top plate;
11-inner hexagonal screw and 12-lower pressing plate.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In order to solve the problem that in the prior art, the special die and the special process flow of pressing the medicine are absent, so that the uniformity of the density of the inner layer and the density of the outer layer and the binding force between the inner layer and the outer layer of the composite packed medicine are poor in the pressing forming process, the invention provides a medicine pressing die and a medicine pressing method for the composite packed medicine, wherein the cooperation of a punch and a die sleeve is adjusted, so that the overpressure of a single die is avoided, the pressure born by each die is calculated and displayed by applying finite element software Abques from the design technology, the overload condition of the die can be displayed, the numerical control finish turning and temperature difference assembly are not used, the direct pressing forming at normal temperature is realized, and two sets of medicine columns are connected without gaps; the composite packed grain can be prepared by solving the matching problem between composite packed grains, and the porosity in the packed grains can be effectively reduced by the exhaust structure, so that the density of the grains is uniform, and the requirements of reliability and safety of technical indexes of tactical products are ensured.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a drug delivery mold for a composite set drug column 5, comprising a lower punch assembly, an upper punch assembly, and at least one exhaust channel; the lower punch assembly is positioned and installed on a working table of the press, the upper punch assembly is installed above the lower punch assembly, a grain 5 accommodating cavity is formed between the upper punch assembly and the lower punch assembly, and the exhaust channel is arranged in the lateral direction of the upper punch assembly.
The lower punch assembly comprises a lower punch body 3 and a central rod 1, wherein the lower punch body 3 is positioned and installed on a working table of the press through a back pressure gasket 4; the central rod 1 is axially sleeved in the upper punch assembly, and the lower punch body 3 is fixedly pressed with the central rod 1.
In some embodiments, the upper punch assembly includes an upper punch body 6 and a die sleeve 7, the upper punch body 6 is in a sleeve-type structure, the central rod 1 is sleeved in an inner hole of the upper punch body 6, the die sleeve 7 is axially sleeved on the periphery of the upper punch body 6, and the exhaust channel is arranged between the upper punch body 6 and the die sleeve 7.
Further, the upper punch assembly further comprises a limit sleeve, and the limit sleeve is arranged at the upper end of the die sleeve 7; the top of the upper punch body 6 is provided with a boss, the upper punch body 6 is sleeved in the limit sleeve, and the boss is fixedly connected to the limit sleeve in a lap joint mode.
The upper punch body 6 comprises an upper rod section and a lower rod section, wherein an annular groove is formed in the periphery of the upper rod section, and the annular groove is formed in the circumferential direction of the upper rod section; and the periphery of the lower dry section is provided with a plurality of exhaust grooves, each exhaust groove is communicated with the annular groove, and the exhaust grooves and the annular grooves form an exhaust channel. The exhaust grooves are formed in the axial direction of the lower rod section, four exhaust grooves are formed in the exhaust grooves, and the exhaust grooves are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the lower rod section.
It should be noted that all moving parts in the mold are in clearance fit; the die sleeve 7, the upper punch body 6, the lower punch body 3, the central rod 1, the connecting rod, the upper top plate 10, the lower pressing plate 12 and the like in the die are all required to be processed by the following special technology: 1. the material is forging embryo, and carbide is required to be refined; 2. the heat treatment hardness HRC58-62 of the die is controlled; 3. the finish machining should avoid grinding burn and demagnetize; 4. the inside and outside of the die sleeve 7 are not allowed to have defects such as cracks and the like after nondestructive inspection; 5. the working surface of the die, such as hard coating, is required to meet WJ541-1988. Considering the large length of the grain 5 in the radial direction, the design size can be reduced by 0.1-0.8mm when designing the mold diameter.
In the working process, firstly, the annular undershoot body 3 (shown in figure 10) and the cylindrical central rod 1 (shown in figure 11) are placed on the working table surface of a press, the semicircular back pressure gaskets 4 (shown in figure 12) are positioned and placed, then the cylindrical die sleeve 7 (shown in figure 13) is assembled in the undershoot body 3, the weighed explosive is guided into the accommodating cavity of the explosive column 5, the limiting block 8 (shown in figure 14) is placed on the overshoot body 6 (shown in figure 15) with the annular groove, on the premise of ensuring the mechanical strength of the overshoot body 6, four sides are flattened without being cut too much, four grooves with the depth of 8.8mm and the width of 8.8mm are uniformly distributed on the middle section of the outer side of the overshoot body 6, the grooves are communicated with the tail section of the overshoot body 6 to form an exhaust channel, the punch and the die sleeve 7 are in clearance fit with a base hole, and the outer annular explosive column 5 is prepared to be pressed.
In the above specific embodiment, the drug pressing mold for the composite packed drug column 5 provided by the invention can solve the problem of uniformity of the density of the drug column 5 in the drug pressing process and improve the density of the drug column 5 by adding the exhaust structure, ensure the reliable assurance of technical indexes of a product tactic, improve the safety and the production efficiency in the drug pressing process, and improve the uniformity of the density of the inner layer and the outer layer of the composite packed drug column 5 in the compression molding process and the binding force between the inner layer and the outer layer of the drug column 5. In order to prepare the composite packaged explosive 5 with different densities, the explosive pressing die provided by the invention ensures that the composite explosive is connected without gaps, the density uniformity of the explosive 5 is improved, the packaged explosive 5 for pressing two different explosives is realized, the different densities can be regulated, and the defects of bottom gaps, shrinkage holes, air holes, cracks and the like which are easy to generate in the explosive charging process are effectively avoided.
The invention also provides a medicine pressing method based on the medicine pressing mould, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: pressing the outer annular explosive column 5; the pressing die is placed in the center of a vacuum chamber of a press, the undershoot body 3 shown in fig. 10 and the central rod 1 shown in fig. 11 are placed on a working table of the press, the back pressure gasket 4 shown in fig. 12 is positioned and placed, then the die sleeve 7 is assembled in the undershoot body 3, the weighed explosive is guided into a cavity accommodated by the explosive column 5, the limiting block 8 shown in fig. 14 is placed, the overshoot body 6 shown in fig. 15 is installed, and the punch of the press is aligned. Setting an automatic medicine pressing program in a press control software interface, and sequentially inputting technological parameters such as the diameter of a die, specific pressure, dwell time, pressure release time and the like. When all parameters are set, preparing to press the outer annular explosive column 5, and locking an explosion door in the pressing process;
step 2: checking the strength of the mold part; performing numerical simulation by using finite element software Abaqus, performing strength check verification on the die sleeve 7 and the upper punch body 6, performing compression and pressure maintaining on the outer annular grain 5 after the calculated molding specific pressure reaches the maximum value, and performing quasi-bidirectional compression on a back pressure pad under the die sleeve 7 after the compression is completed so as to ensure the realization of the specified density;
step 3: after the pressing action is completed, the explosion vent is opened, the outer annular grain 5 is withdrawn and its density is measured. After the bi-directional pressing is finished, the limiting block 8 on the die sleeve 7 is firstly taken down, then the die sleeve shown in figure 16 is placed, and the explosion door is closed. A small pressure value (generally not more than 5 MPa) of the press is set in a press control software interface, the press is started to withdraw the die for withdrawing the explosive column 5, an explosion-proof door is opened after the die withdrawal is completed, the annular explosive column 5, the central rod 1 and the undershoot body 3 are ejected out of the die sleeve 7 together, the explosive column 5 is taken down from the central rod 1 with inclination, and the density of the annular explosive column 5 is measured by using a measuring size calculation method or distilled water;
step 4: placing the annular explosive column 5 in a mould; when the density of the annular explosive column 5 meets the design requirement, the annular explosive column 5 is not ejected any more, a die-ejecting sleeve is placed below the die sleeve 7 to prevent the annular explosive column 5 from being ejected, a limiting block 8 is further placed at the upper end of the die sleeve 7, and then the central rod 1 is ejected by an ejector rod shown in fig. 16;
step 5: preparation work for pressing the center grain 5; the central grain 5 is pressed, the annular grain 5 is fixed, and the die sleeve 7 is clamped and fastened by using the upper top plate 10 shown in fig. 17 and the lower pressing plate 12 shown in fig. 18; before the central explosive column 5 is pressed, the undershoot body 3 of the central explosive column 5 is required to be placed, weighed explosive is poured into the undershoot body, and after the undershoot body 6 of the central explosive column 5 is placed, pressing is carried out;
step 6: withdrawing the grain 5; loosening the fastened screw, removing the upper top plate 10 and the lower pressing plate 12, placing the die-withdrawing sleeve of the annular explosive column 5, taking down the upper punch rod of the central explosive column 5, pressing the upper punch of the explosive column 5, and ejecting the composite axial sleeve explosive column 5.
The method for pressing the composite packed grain 5 provided by the invention can be used for pressing the packed grain 5 with composite structures under different density conditions, pressing the composite grain 5 with different types according to different types of warhead demands, and providing design basis for pressing the composite grain 5 in insensitive combat, novel high-energy composite charge fragmentation warhead, high-performance energy gathering warhead, explosion killing warhead, directional warhead, smart ammunition with same caliber in series, multiple bundles in parallel and the like. The method adopts a bidirectional drug pressing process method, combines an exhaust structure, finite element analysis and the like, so as to ensure the uniformity of the density of the grain 5 and the tactical index requirements thereof.
The invention is suitable for explosive with certain insensitive condition, certain compressibility, high power and high explosion speed, the melting point is higher than 130 ℃, and the content of the explosive can not exceed 60% at most during common filling, otherwise, the high power explosive is difficult to pour, the application of the explosive is limited, and the explosive is pressed and shaped by adopting a press-loading method.
For the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with an outer layer of high-density annular grains 5 (outer diameter of Φ50mm, inner diameter of Φ30mm, length of 50 mm) and an inner layer of low-density grains 5 of Φ30mm×50 mm.
Step 1: the annular phi 50mm grain 5 is compressed in the same manner as the conventional cylindrical grain 5. And (3) conveying the medicine pressing die to a medicine pressing workshop, cleaning and removing oil, inspecting the wiped die, and stopping using if scratches, cracks, severe scratches or cracks exist, and the like, wherein the die meeting the requirements is subjected to assembly inspection to check whether the die can be assembled in place or not, and the die which cannot be assembled in place correctly is stopped.
Step 2: firstly cleaning a die and coating lubricant (such as paraffin wax) and further placing an phi 50mm annular perforated undershoot 3 and a central rod 1 on a working table of a press (shown in figure 1), positioning and placing a back pressure gasket 4, then assembling a die sleeve 7 in the undershoot 3, pouring weighed granular loose explosive into a die medicine chamber and leveling the surface of the explosive, placing a limiting block 88, loading an overshoot 6 with annular grooves and arc gap pairs at 4 positions, lightly placing a punch and rotating for 2-3 weeks, and waiting to be pressed. In order to avoid the phenomenon of die gnawing and flash phenomenon of the grain 5 and the like in the process of pressing the medicine, the fit clearance between the die body and the upper and lower punches is generally controlled between 0.06 mm and 0.08 mm.
Step 3: checking the strength of the die sleeve 7. Since each explosive has a different apparent density, the charge density increases with increasing specific pressure, so the specific pressure value at the charge density is different (as shown in fig. 4). To avoid over-pressurization of the individual dies, the strength of the die sleeve 7 needs to be checked, and the stress distribution condition during the drug pressing is calculated by using Abaqus first, so that the overload condition of any die sleeve is further displayed. When the specific pressure of the compressed medicine reaches 200MPa, the density of the grain 5 is slowly increased, so that the specific pressure is 300MPa as a limit load, the wall thickness of the die sleeve 7 is initially designed according to the actual empirical formula and 0.25-0.3 of the inner diameter of the die sleeve 7 according to the specific pressure condition, and then the simulation result is used for verification.
Step 4: the axial pressure is converted into lateral pressure according to the axial specific pressure of 300Mpa, namely the chamber radial applied pressure is calculated by the explosive poisson ratio mu according to 0.35, and the radial applied pressure value is input into simulation software (shown in fig. 5 and 6).
Step 5: the wall thickness of the die sleeve 7 is calculated. After the quenching hardness of the die sleeve 7 reaches HRC58-62, the die sleeve 7 belongs to a brittle material, and the thickness of the die sleeve 7 can be calculated according to a first strength theory:
σ＝σ 1 ≤[σ]
the thickness of the mold can be obtained from the above:
wherein sigma is equivalent stress, sigma 1 Is the maximum principal stress [ sigma ]]To allow stress, r 1 Is the outer radius of the die sleeve, r 2 The inner radius of the die sleeve, and p is the inner pressure of the die sleeve. Delta is the wall thickness of the die sleeve, the material used for the die sleeve 7 is Cr12MoV, and the allowable compressive stress [ sigma ] is obtained according to GB]＝1.0～1.6×10 3 Mpa, often take [ sigma ]]Theoretical calculation of sigma =1200 Mpa 1 The theoretical calculation result of the delta thickness of the die is 12.56mm, the simulation design is 20mm, the simulation check is 317Mpa (shown in figure 7), and the theoretical and simulation check results show that the thickness of the designed die sleeve 7 is 20mm more than or equal to 12.56mm and meets the strength requirement. So the inner diameter of the die sleeve 7 is 50mm, the outer diameter is 90mm, and the wall thickness is 20mm, thereby meeting the design condition.
Step 6: when a bidirectional pressing process is adopted (the punches at the two ends simultaneously press the medicine towards the center), the key is the matching problem of the punches and the die sleeve 7. And verifying whether the punch is deformed in the pressing process. In the simulation, an axial load was applied across the punch (as shown in fig. 8 and 9), and the results showed that: the radial displacement of the punch is very small, thereby meeting the design requirement.
Step 7: and (3) assembling and checking the die meeting the requirements, checking whether the die can be assembled in place, wherein all moving parts in the die are in clearance fit, considering that the clearance is related to the exhaust of the die, the small cylindrical section of the upper punch contacted with explosive adopts H8/e7, because the die is not provided with a lower ejection structure, the lower end structure of the die sleeve 7 is provided with a die withdrawal 1/666 slope, the lower punch is not provided with an exhaust structure, the clearance fit between the lower punch and the die sleeve 7 is selected to be convenient for exhausting, the clearance fit between other moving parts of the die adopts H8/f7, and the assembly fit between the die sleeve 7 and the die withdrawal sleeve adopts large clearance fit H10/d9.
Step 8: and (5) pressing and maintaining pressure according to the calculated molding specific pressure. And starting a medicine pressing switch to press medicine, checking whether the piston of the press moves steadily, and after the pressing is finished, pumping out a back pressure pad under the die sleeve 7 to perform similar bidirectional pressing so as to ensure the realization of specified density.
Step 9: after the bi-directional pressing is finished, firstly taking down the limiting block 8 on the die sleeve 7, then placing the die sleeve, ejecting the annular phi 50mm grain 5 out of the die sleeve 7 together with the central rod 1 and the undershoot, manually taking down the grain 5 from the central rod 1 with the inclination, and measuring the density of the annular phi 50mm grain 5 by using a measuring size calculation method or distilled water. When the density of the annular phi 50mm grain 5 meets the requirement, the grain is not ejected any more, and preparation is made for pressing the central phi 30mm grain 5. The pressing is finished and the drawing is finished, see figure 1.
Step 10: when the density of the annular phi 50mm grain 5 reaches the design requirement, the grain 5 does not need to be withdrawn, and the die sleeve 4 needs to be placed below the die sleeve 7 so as to prevent undershoot from being ejected. And then a limiting block 8 is arranged on the upper end surface of the die sleeve 7 so as to prevent the upper punch from being stressed when the central rod 1 is ejected. The central rod 1 is in the withdrawn state, see in detail fig. 3.
Step 11: the phi 30mm center pellet 5 was pressed. The pressing is required according to fig. 7, firstly, the annular explosive column 5 is fixed, the die sleeve 7 is clamped by using the upper top plate 10 and the lower pressing plate 12, and the die sleeve is fastened by using 4 hexagonal screws 11 in M10, the die sleeve is required to be screwed down and cannot be loosened, and the screws do not penetrate through the lower pressing plate 12.
Step 12: before pressing the phi 30mm central grain 5, the undershoot of the phi 30mm central grain 5 is required to be placed, after the weighed explosive is poured, the undershoot and the upper punch of the phi 30mm central grain 5 are placed, and if the density of the phi 30mm central grain 5 is required to be known, the density measurement and calculation are carried out after the phi 50mm annular grain 5 or the false grain 5 is required to be broken, and the pressing state of the phi 30mm central grain 5 is shown in fig. 2.
Step 13: the phi 30mm central cartridge 5 is withdrawn. After the medicine is pressed, the press is started to withdraw the mold, 4 hexagonal screws 11 in M10 are loosened, and the upper top plate 10 and the lower pressing plate 12 are required to be removed, and then a mold withdrawing sleeve of the annular phi 50mm medicine column 5 is placed. After taking the upper punch rod of the phi 30mm central explosive column 5, pressing the upper punch of the explosive column 5, ejecting the composite axial sleeve explosive column 5, and further checking the explosive surface size by using a specified measuring instrument.
The foregoing is only illustrative of the present application, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and it is intended to cover such modifications and adaptations as fall within the spirit and principles of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection may be mechanical connection, direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and may be internal connection of two elements or interaction relationship of two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method of compacting a charge based on a compaction mold for a composite set charge, comprising:
the lower punch assembly is positioned and installed on the working table surface of the press;
the upper punch assembly is arranged above the lower punch assembly, and a grain accommodating cavity is formed between the upper punch assembly and the lower punch assembly;
the exhaust channel is arranged at the lateral side of the upper punch assembly;
the medicine pressing method of the medicine pressing mold comprises the following steps:
step 1: pressing the outer annular explosive column; firstly, placing an undershoot body and a central rod on a working table of a press, positioning and placing a back pressure gasket, then assembling a die sleeve in the undershoot, pouring the weighed explosive into a grain accommodating cavity, placing a limiting block, loading into the upper punch body, and preparing for pressing an outer annular grain;
step 2: checking the strength of the mold part; performing numerical simulation by using finite element software Abaqus, performing strength check verification on the die sleeve and the upper punch body, performing compression and pressure maintaining on the outer annular grain after the calculated molding specific pressure reaches the maximum value, and performing quasi-bidirectional compression by pumping and adjusting a back pressure pad under the die sleeve after the compression is completed so as to ensure the realization of the specified density;
step 3: withdrawing the outer annular explosive column and measuring the density of the outer annular explosive column; after the similar bidirectional pressing is finished, firstly taking down a limiting block on the die sleeve, then placing a die withdrawal sleeve for withdrawing the explosive column from the die, taking down the explosive column from the central rod with inclination after the annular explosive column, the central rod and the undershoot are ejected out of the die sleeve, and measuring the density of the annular explosive column by using a measuring size calculation method or distilled water;
step 4: placing the annular explosive column in a die; when the density of the annular explosive column reaches the design requirement, the annular explosive column is not ejected any more, a die withdrawal sleeve is placed below the die sleeve to prevent the annular explosive column from being ejected, a limiting block is further placed at the upper end of the die sleeve, and then a central rod is ejected by an ejector rod;
step 5: preparing for pressing the central grain; the central grain is pressed, firstly, an annular grain is fixed, and an upper top plate and a lower pressing plate are used for clamping a die sleeve and fastening; before pressing the central explosive column, placing the undershoot body of the central explosive column, pouring the weighed explosive, and pressing after placing the undershoot body of the central explosive column;
step 6: withdrawing the grain; loosening the fastened screw, removing the upper top plate and the lower pressing plate, placing the die-withdrawing sleeve of the annular explosive column, taking down the upper punch rod of the central explosive column, pressing the upper punch of the explosive column, and ejecting the composite axial sleeve explosive column.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the undershoot assembly comprises:
the lower punch body is positioned and installed on the working table surface of the press through the back pressure gasket;
the central rod is axially sleeved in the upper punch assembly, and the lower punch body is fixedly pressed with the central rod.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the upper punch assembly comprises:
the upper punch body is of a sleeve type structure, and the central rod is sleeved in an inner hole of the upper punch body;
the die sleeve is axially sleeved on the periphery of the upper punch body, and the exhaust channel is arranged between the upper punch body and the die sleeve.
4. A method of compacting a charge based on a compaction die for a composite set charge according to claim 3, wherein the upper punch assembly further comprises:
the limiting sleeve is arranged at the upper end of the die sleeve;
the top of the upper punch body is provided with a boss, the upper punch body is sleeved in the limit sleeve, and the boss is fixedly connected to the limit sleeve in a lap joint mode.
5. A method of compacting a charge based on a compaction die for a composite set charge according to claim 3 wherein the uprush body comprises:
the upper rod section is provided with an annular groove at the periphery, and the annular groove is formed along the circumferential direction of the upper rod section;
and the periphery of the lower rod section is provided with a plurality of exhaust grooves, each exhaust groove is communicated with the annular groove, and the exhaust grooves and the annular grooves form an exhaust channel.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the vent slot is open in an axial direction of the lower pole section.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein four air vent grooves are formed, and each air vent groove is uniformly distributed along the circumference of the lower pole section.
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| CN202211148602.2A CN115536479B (en) | 2022-09-21 | 2022-09-21 | Drug pressing die and drug pressing method for composite packaged drug column |
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| CN115536479B true CN115536479B (en) | 2024-02-20 |
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| CN115950313A (en) * | 2023-01-20 | 2023-04-11 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Gradient density grain pressing device and design method thereof |
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| CN102295496A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-12-28 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Mould for pressing semi-sphere grain |
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| CN210620655U (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2020-05-26 | 九江国科远大机电有限公司 | Medicine pressing die with exhaust groove |
| CN114771009A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-07-22 | 南京理工大学 | Multistage adjustment pressing and returning device suitable for special-shaped annular explosive column |
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| GB1507865A (en) * | 1975-10-22 | 1978-04-19 | Liljegren T | Projectiles |
| CN102295496A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-12-28 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Mould for pressing semi-sphere grain |
| CN104290348A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-01-21 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Explosive-shaped powder bidirectional pressing device |
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