CN115519645B - Preparation method and application of bamboo powder metal ion composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of bamboo powder metal ion composite material Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 230
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCl FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- PQLVXDKIJBQVDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC(O)=O PQLVXDKIJBQVDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 22
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HFGHRUCCKVYFKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethoxy-2-piperazin-1-yl-7-pyridin-4-yl-5h-pyrimido[5,4-b]indole Chemical compound C1=C2NC=3C(OCC)=NC(N4CCNCC4)=NC=3C2=CC=C1C1=CC=NC=C1 HFGHRUCCKVYFKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/06—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood powder or sawdust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08H—DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08H8/00—Macromolecular compounds derived from lignocellulosic materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo composite material processing, and in particular relates to a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material, which comprises the following steps: weighing bamboo powder, ball milling in acetic acid water solution, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to neutrality of the bamboo powder, and standing at room temperature to air-dry state; adding sodium chloroacetate into the obtained air-dried bamboo powder, stirring for 4 hours at 60 ℃, slowly adding into sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and washing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder; placing carboxymethylated bamboo powder into saturated solution containing metal ions, and placing into a baking oven to be baked until the bamboo powder is absolute dry; and carrying out hot pressing treatment on the dried bamboo powder to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material. The bamboo powder embedded metal ion composite material prepared by the invention has good mechanical property, water resistance and processing property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo composite material processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material.
Background
With the proposal of green development strategy and sustainable development concept, natural green biological composite materials are gradually valued. The artificial board prepared by the traditional wood inevitably uses adhesives in the production process to generate formaldehyde pollution, and can cause petroleum resource consumption and environmental pollution, so that the artificial board does not conform to the concept of green development. Therefore, from the requirement of green biological composite materials, the production of high-performance composite materials with renewable resources as raw materials has the advantages of low process pollution, low production cost and low resource consumption becomes necessary.
The bamboo wood has the characteristics of regeneration, low cost, quick regeneration and wide-range planting. Therefore, the novel biomass composite material prepared from the bamboo has the potential of being capable of replacing wood. The existing preparation method of the biomass composite material is that the frame is provided by cellulose in natural bamboo fibers and Shi Jiajiao adhesive enables the artificial board to obtain strength. The mode can avoid the defects of the structure of the bamboo material, does not need high-grade bamboo material, and increases the source of raw materials. However, because of the use of the adhesive, the problems of complex process and environmental pollution are inevitably brought. The other is that no adhesive is applied, and the bamboo cells are changed into a compact structure by heating and compressing, so that the method does not need any adhesive and is a green method. But the bamboo quality is high, the source of raw materials is reduced, and the strength and the water resistance of the plate manufactured by a single hot pressing method are inferior to those of the plate manufactured by using an adhesive. Therefore, a novel biological composite material which has wide raw material sources, simple process and excellent performance and can effectively replace the glue-applied artificial board needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material.
The invention provides a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing bamboo powder, ball milling in an acetic acid aqueous solution, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature to be in an air-dried state;
s2, adding sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring for 4 hours at 60 ℃, slowly adding the air-dried bamboo powder into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and flushing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, preparing a metal ion solution, uniformly spraying the metal ion solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into an oven to be dried;
and S4, carrying out hot pressing treatment on the bamboo powder dried in the step S3 to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material.
Preferably, in the step S1, the bamboo powder is 80-100 meshes, the concentration of the acetic acid aqueous solution is 7wt%, and the feed liquid ratio of the bamboo powder to the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:1.5.
Preferably, in the step S1, 800-1000 grinding balls are added for each 1kg of bamboo powder, the particle size of the ball-milled grinding balls is 2-3cm, the ball-milling temperature is 125-135 ℃, the ball-milling time is 5-6h, and the ball-milling rotating speed is 300-380rpm.
Preferably, in the step S2, the mass ratio of the air-dried bamboo powder to the sodium chloroacetate is 9-10:1.
Preferably, in step S2, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 37.5wt%.
Preferably, in step S2, the feed liquid ratio of the air-dried bamboo powder to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1:5.4.
Preferably, in step S2, the ethanol is absolute ethanol having a concentration of 80 wt%.
Preferably, in step S3, the metal ion solution is a solution containing calcium ions, copper ions or magnesium ions, the concentration of the metal ion solution is 10wt%, and the addition amount of the metal ions is 10% of the mass of the bamboo powder.
Preferably, in step S4, the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is controlled to 165-170 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to 1h.
The invention also provides application of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material prepared by the preparation method in household products.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the bamboo powder embedded metal ion composite material prepared by the invention has good mechanical property, good water resistance and good processing property, and the recovery rate of the composite material is greatly improved compared with that of the existing main stream artificial board due to the characteristic of no adhesive application, and the composite material is environment-friendly.
2. The whole preparation process of the invention does not need to apply any adhesive, does not generate pollution, has simple process, is easy to scale, has low requirements on equipment materials, has wide sources of raw materials, can use waste bamboo as the raw materials, and has low manufacturing cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a metal ion composite of bamboo powder prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples for the purpose of understanding the invention. The bamboo powder used in the invention is 80-100 meshes, the diameter of the grinding ball is 2-3mm, the concentration of the acetic acid aqueous solution is 7wt%, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 37.5wt%, and the concentration of the ethanol is 80wt% absolute ethanol.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, putting the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, wherein the ball milling temperature is 130 ℃, the ball milling time is 6 hours, the ball milling rotating speed is 300rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dried state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding the air-dried bamboo powder into 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and flushing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 10g of 10wt% concentration magnesium chloride solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting into a 105 ℃ oven for baking until the powder is absolute dry;
s4, paving the bamboo powder dried in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, performing hot pressing treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot pressing treatment to 165 ℃, controlling the hot pressing pressure to 25MPa, and controlling the hot pressing time to 1h, so as to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-1.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, putting the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 8 grinding balls, wherein the ball milling temperature is 125 ℃, the ball milling time is 5 hours, the ball milling rotating speed is 350rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dried state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding the air-dried bamboo powder into 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and flushing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 10g of copper chloride solution with the concentration of 10wt% into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the mixture into a 105 ℃ oven for baking until the mixture is absolute-dried;
s4, paving the bamboo powder dried in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, performing hot pressing treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot pressing treatment to 170 ℃, controlling the hot pressing pressure to 25MPa, and controlling the hot pressing time to 1h, so as to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-2.
Example 3:
a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, putting the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 9 grinding balls, wherein the ball milling temperature is 135 ℃, the ball milling time is 6 hours, the ball milling rotating speed is 380rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dried state;
s2, adding 1.1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding the mixture into 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and flushing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 10g of 10wt% calcium chloride solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the powder into a 105 ℃ oven for baking until the powder is absolute dry;
s4, paving the bamboo powder dried in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, performing hot pressing treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot pressing treatment to 168 ℃, controlling the hot pressing pressure to 25MPa, and controlling the hot pressing time to 1h, so as to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-3.
Comparative example 1:
a preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, putting the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, wherein the ball milling temperature is 125 ℃, the ball milling time is 2 hours, the ball milling rotating speed is 380rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dried state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding the air-dried bamboo powder into 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and flushing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 10g of 10wt% concentration magnesium chloride solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting into a 105 ℃ oven for baking until the powder is absolute dry;
s4, paving the bamboo powder dried in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, performing hot pressing treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot pressing treatment to 165 ℃, controlling the hot pressing pressure to 25MPa, and controlling the hot pressing time to 1h, so as to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-a.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, putting the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, wherein the ball milling temperature is 135 ℃, the ball milling time is 12 hours, the ball milling rotating speed is 380rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dried state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding the air-dried bamboo powder into 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and flushing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 10g of 10wt% concentration magnesium chloride solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting into a 105 ℃ oven for baking until the powder is absolute dry;
s4, paving the bamboo powder dried in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, performing hot pressing treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot pressing treatment to 165 ℃, controlling the hot pressing pressure to 25MPa, and controlling the hot pressing time to 1h, so as to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-b.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, putting the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, wherein the ball milling temperature is 130 ℃, the ball milling time is 6 hours, the ball milling rotating speed is 350rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dried state;
s2, uniformly spraying 10g of 10wt% concentration magnesium chloride solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting into a 105 ℃ oven for baking until the powder is absolute dry;
and S3, paving the bamboo powder dried in the step S2 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, performing hot pressing treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot pressing treatment to 165 ℃, controlling the hot pressing pressure to 25MPa, and controlling the hot pressing time to 1h, so as to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-c.
Comparative example 4
A preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, putting the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, wherein the ball milling temperature is 130 ℃, the ball milling time is 6 hours, the ball milling rotating speed is 380rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dried state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding the air-dried bamboo powder into 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and flushing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 40g of 10wt% magnesium chloride solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting into a 105 ℃ oven for baking until the powder is absolute dry;
s4, paving the bamboo powder dried in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, performing hot pressing treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot pressing treatment to 165 ℃, controlling the hot pressing pressure to 25MPa, and controlling the hot pressing time to 1h.
Comparative example 5
A preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, putting the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, wherein the ball milling temperature is 125 ℃, the ball milling time is 6 hours, the ball milling rotating speed is 380rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dried state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding the air-dried bamboo powder into 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and flushing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, uniformly spraying 2.5g of 10wt% magnesium chloride solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting into a 105 ℃ oven for baking until the powder is absolute dry;
s4, paving the bamboo powder dried in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, performing hot pressing treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot pressing treatment to 165 ℃, controlling the hot pressing pressure to 25MPa, and controlling the hot pressing time to 1h, so as to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-d.
Comparative example 6
A preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, putting the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, wherein the ball milling temperature is 135 ℃, the ball milling time is 6 hours, the ball milling rotating speed is 380rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dried state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding the air-dried bamboo powder into 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and flushing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, putting 10g of 10wt% magnesium chloride solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting into a 105 ℃ oven for baking until the powder is absolute dry;
s4, paving the bamboo powder dried in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, performing hot pressing treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot pressing treatment to 185 ℃, controlling the hot pressing pressure to 25MPa, and controlling the hot pressing time to 1h, so as to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-e.
Comparative example 7
A preparation method of a bamboo powder metal ion composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10g of bamboo powder, putting the bamboo powder into 15ml of acetic acid aqueous solution, adding 10 grinding balls, wherein the ball milling temperature is 135 ℃, the ball milling time is 6 hours, the ball milling rotating speed is 300rpm, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature until the bamboo powder is in an air-dried state;
s2, adding 1g of sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, slowly adding the air-dried bamboo powder into 54g of sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and flushing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, placing the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2 into 10g of 10wt% concentration magnesium chloride solution, and placing into a 105 ℃ oven for baking until the powder is absolute dry;
s4, paving the bamboo powder dried in the step S3 in a forming metal mold, wherein the paving thickness is 18mm, performing hot pressing treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot pressing treatment to be 135 ℃, controlling the hot pressing pressure to be 25MPa, and controlling the hot pressing time to be 1h, so as to obtain the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-f.
In comparative example 4, an excessive magnesium chloride solution was used, and since excessive magnesium ions were not embedded in cellulose, but still existed in the form of magnesium chloride, which resulted in poor compatibility between bamboo powders, and since magnesium chloride was strong in water absorption, it resulted in difficulty in forming a plate, poor in water resistance, and thus the bamboo composite material was not formed.
The plates produced in examples 1 to 3, comparative examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 5 to 7 were cooled to room temperature, placed in a ventilated constant humidity place, and the water content was balanced to 9 to 12%.
The mechanical strength and water absorption of the boards prepared in each example and comparative example were tested according to the standard of GB/T17657-2013 method for testing physicochemical properties of artificial boards and veneered artificial boards, and the results are shown in Table 1.
| Mechanical strength (MPa) | Water absorption (%) for 12h | Water absorption (%) for 48h | |
| Example 1 | 296 | 4.6 | 7.8 |
| Example 2 | 250 | 6.3 | 10.7 |
| Example 3 | 294 | 22 | 34 |
| Comparative example 1 | 240 | 8.5 | 15.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 203 | 13 | 18.4 |
| Comparative example 3 | 275 | 9.4％ | 15.8 |
| Comparative example 5 | 265 | 7.5 | 14.6 |
| Comparative example 6 | 254 | 5 | 10.2 |
| Comparative example7 | 180 | 18 | 29.3- |
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the mechanical strength of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-1 prepared in example 1 is 296MPa, and the bamboo powder metal ion composite material has obvious advantages compared with the strength of natural bamboo and the strength of the existing main artificial board. The composite material is subjected to a water resistance test, when the soaking time of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-1 is 12 hours, the water absorption rate is only 4.6%, and with the increase of the soaking time, the peak of the water absorption rate is 7.8% when the soaking time is 48 hours, and the water absorption rate is kept unchanged for a long time. The obtained bamboo powder metal ion composite material-1 has enough conditions for use in a humid environment.
The metal ion of the embodiment 2 is Cu 2+ When the mechanical strength of the prepared bamboo powder metal ion composite material-2 is 250MPa, the water absorption rate is 6.3% when the soaking time is 12h, and along with the increase of the soaking time, the peak of the water absorption rate of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-2 reaches 10.7% when the soaking time is 48h, and the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-2 is kept unchanged for a long time, so that the board can be used in places with 2 water resistance requirements such as outdoor decorations or furniture.
The metal ion of the chimera of example 3 is Ca 2+ When the mechanical strength of the prepared bamboo powder metal ion composite material-3 is 294MPa, the water absorption rate of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-3 reaches 15% when the soaking time of the plate is only 2 hours, and the peak of the water absorption rate of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-3 reaches 34% when the soaking time is 24 hours along with the increase of the soaking time, so that the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-3 is unchanged for a long time, and the plate can only be used in places with 3 water resistance requirements such as indoor decoration or furniture.
The mechanical strength of the prepared bamboo powder metal ion composite material-a is 240MPa when the ball milling time is 2 hours in comparative example 1, and the water absorption rate is 8.5% when the soaking time is 12 hours, which is higher than the highest water absorption rate in example 1.
When the ball milling time is 12 hours in comparative example 2, the mechanical strength of the prepared bamboo powder metal ion composite material-b is 203MPa, and when the soaking time is only 6 hours, the water absorption rate of the prepared bamboo powder metal ion composite material-b reaches 10%.
As is clear from comparative examples 1 and 2, too long or too short a ball milling time affects the water resistance of the samples.
The mechanical strength of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-c prepared from the bamboo powder which is not subjected to methylolation treatment in comparative example 3 is 275MPa, and the embedding effect of metal ions is not ideal as that of example 1 because carboxyl groups are not modified on cellulose of bamboo.
In comparative example 5, the mechanical strength of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-d was 265MPa, and since the carboxyl group was not completely replaced with a metal ion, the number of metal ions of cellulose embedded in the bamboo powder was reduced, resulting in residual carboxyl groups on cellulose, increasing the water absorption of the sheet, deteriorating the water resistance of the sheet, and the mechanical strength was inferior to that of example 1.
In comparative example 6, after the temperature of the heat treatment is increased, the surface of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material-e is blackened and obviously carbonized, the measured mechanical strength is 254MPa, and compared with example 1, the mechanical strength of the plate is reduced due to the excessively high temperature.
In comparative example 7, no lignin precipitation was observed on the surface of the metal ion composite material-f of bamboo powder after the heat treatment temperature was lowered, no obvious bonding was observed between bamboo powders, and the mechanical strength was 180MPa, which was far lower than that of example 1, indicating that too low a temperature was not a condition for producing a sheet.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is intended to be limited to the following embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents and modifications can be made to the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the bamboo powder metal ion composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, weighing bamboo powder, ball milling in an acetic acid aqueous solution, standing and cooling to obtain etched bamboo powder, spraying water to the bamboo powder to be neutral, and standing at room temperature to be in an air-dried state;
s2, adding sodium chloroacetate into the air-dried bamboo powder obtained in the step S1, stirring for 4 hours at 60 ℃, slowly adding the air-dried bamboo powder into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 10 minutes, standing at 25 ℃ overnight, filtering the mixed solution, and flushing the filtered bamboo powder with ethanol until the powder is neutral to obtain carboxymethylated bamboo powder;
s3, preparing a metal ion solution, uniformly spraying the metal ion solution into the carboxymethylated bamboo powder obtained in the step S2, and putting the carboxymethylated bamboo powder into an oven to be dried;
s4, carrying out hot pressing treatment on the bamboo powder dried in the step S3 to obtain a bamboo powder metal ion composite material;
in the step S1, 800-1000 grinding balls are added into every 1kg of bamboo powder, the grain size of the ball-milled grinding balls is 2-3cm, the ball-milling temperature is 125-135 ℃, the ball-milling time is 5-6h, and the ball-milling rotating speed is 300-380rpm;
in the step S3, the metal ion solution is a solution containing calcium ions, copper ions or magnesium ions, the concentration of the metal ion solution is 10wt%, and the addition amount of the metal ions is 10% of the mass of the bamboo powder;
in the step S4, the temperature of the hot pressing treatment is controlled to be 165-170 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is controlled to be 25MPa, and the hot pressing time is controlled to be 1h.
2. The method for preparing the bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the bamboo powder is 80-100 meshes, the concentration of the acetic acid aqueous solution is 7wt%, and the feed liquid ratio of the bamboo powder to the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:1.5.
3. The method for preparing the bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the mass ratio of the air-dried bamboo powder to the sodium chloroacetate is 9-10:1.
4. The method for preparing a bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 37.5wt%.
5. The method for preparing a bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the feed liquid ratio of the air-dried bamboo powder to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1:5.4.
6. The method for preparing bamboo powder metal ion composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the ethanol is absolute ethanol with a concentration of 80 wt%.
7. The bamboo powder metal ion composite material prepared by the preparation method of claim 1 is applied to household products.
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